共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
1.
含水层参数对于定性分析区域地下水资源评价、数值模拟及预报、开发利用与保护及科学管理具有重要意义,而江汉平原水文地质参数求解的研究却相对较少.2015年江汉平原1:50 000水文地质调查项目完成杨林尾图幅与陆溪口图幅,选择杨林尾图幅和陆溪口图幅中的4个代表性钻孔,分别做了3组抽水试验和一组压水试验.对抽水数据使用Dupuit公式法结合抽水稳定阶段数据求解含水层参数,同时利用Aquifer Test软件中Theis标准曲线法、直线图解法对抽水试验中非稳定条件下抽水数据对含水层参数求解,得到孔隙水含水层渗透系数及弹性给水度;利用压水试验工程规范求解基岩裂隙含水层的渗透系数.探讨了利用非稳定抽水试验条件下求解含水层参数方法的可行性及该方法的优势.计算结果表明:杨林尾镇浅层(20.2~64.55 m)含水层渗透系数为0.075 m/d,弹性给水度为5.8×10-2;深层(138~160 m)含水层渗透系数为9.89 m/d,弹性给水度为2.3×10-5;陆溪口镇浅层(19.4~36.4 m)含水层渗透系数1.26 m/d,弹性给水度为1.1×10-1;基岩渗透系数为0.012 m/d.通过结果对比分析发现对于单孔非稳定抽水试验,对前期水位降深数据筛选分析,同样可以利用非稳定井流理论反演含水层参数,结果比较可靠. 相似文献
2.
我国华北隐伏型煤田的煤系普遍被第四系松散层覆盖,其中的松散承压含水层在煤矿生产中常带来矿井突水、地表沉降、井筒变形破坏等水文地质灾害,造成巨大经济损失和人员伤亡。渗透系数是反映松散承压含水层土体介质渗透能力的重要参数,其数值的合理估算,对该类煤矿水文地质灾害的防治具有重要指导意义。目前,华北隐伏型煤田松散承压含水层渗透系数往往仅通过现场抽水试验确定,基于地质勘探钻孔信息与数据估算松散承压含水层渗透系数的模型研究较少。通过收集淮北煤田祁东煤矿松散承压含水层已有抽水试验的钻孔信息与数据,选取承压含水层厚度、泥层砂层比、最厚砂层占比、有效应力与底砾层厚比作为影响指标,分别与渗透系数进行相关性分析。最终确定底砾层厚比、有效应力、泥层砂层比为关键影响指标,并分析其对渗透系数的影响规律。结果表明,松散承压含水层渗透系数随底砾层厚比的增加而增大,随有效应力和泥层砂层比的增加而减小。在此基础上,采用多元线性回归分析,提出了基于底砾层厚比、有效应力、泥层砂层比的渗透系数估算模型。并将该估算模型应用于淮北煤田祁南、朱仙庄、青东煤矿松散承压含水层的渗透系数估算,结果显示估算结果与试验值一致。 相似文献
3.
4.
水文地质参数的计算是水文地质勘察的一个重要环节。根据在塔城市北东方向喀拉墩地区进行的抽水试验资料,分别采用Aquifer Test软件和Dupuit公式迭代法计算抽水试验参数,对所求取的参数进行对比分析,通过Aquifer Test软件求取的参数与Dupuit公式迭代法求取的参数相近,各参数偏差率低,最终通过抽水试验数据,经不同的方法计算,确定含水层渗透系数K值为31.14 m/d。 相似文献
5.
为了解决具有多个充水含水层的矿区中水文地质孔施工和分层抽水试验难度大的问题,以裘布依稳定流渗流理论为依据,建立了利用钻孔单孔混合抽水试验求取分层渗透系数的“概念模型”和“数学模型”,并以两个有代表性的勘查矿区为实验场,通过实验场中水文地质钻孔的施工、抽水试验、数据采集和资料综合分析,开展了单孔混合抽水试验求取含水层分层渗透系数的方法研究。实验结果证明,两个实验场水文地质孔混合抽水试验解算出的含水层渗透系数与单层实际抽水试验计算的结果的相对误差仅分别为373 %和44%,反映出研究提出的方法可行,可为相同类型矿床水文地质结构矿区勘查提供借鉴。 相似文献
6.
《地下水》2017,(6)
作为江西主要铁矿富集地之一的新余铁矿田,自20世纪50年代至今,陆续开展多次地质勘查工作,进行了大量的钻孔抽水及少量注水试验。通过对8个矿区37个钻孔和2个浅井抽(注)水试验数据进行分类统计,并针对各含水层试验成果数据进行分析,对铁矿田各含水层的富水性进行了总体评价,结果显示:钻孔单位涌水量普遍小于0.1 L/s·m,总体属弱富水性,仅杨家桥矿区3个钻孔的单位涌水量在0.1~1.0 L/s·m之间,属中等富水性[15],总体水文地质条件简单,利用抽水资料结合稳定流抽水渗透系数计算公式获得的各含水层渗透系数,是矿田矿坑涌水量预测的一个重要参数,该项研究成果可以对区域内邻近矿区的水文地质评价工作提供数据支撑。 相似文献
7.
应用电测深成果计算水文地质参数 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文探讨了利用电测深的视电阻率（ρ2）参数及含水层的电阻率（ρ）求取渗透系数（K）等水文地质参数问题。文中介绍了南京东郊水源地,根据抽水试验计算的渗透系数（K）与含水标志层的电阻率进行回归分析,共设计了五种回归模型,回归系数以最小二乘法实现估算。结果表明,K与Ps的相关关系以指数函数的回归模型为最好,其相关系数为0.78。据此,绘制了含水层渗透系数等值分布图,用以评价该地区的水文地质条件,经与勘探抽水试验成果对比,证明这种方法是有实际应用价值。 相似文献
8.
高敬亮 《水文地质工程地质》1958,(5)
前言水文地质工作的主要任务之一是测定岩石渗透系数,在多层状含水层中,该项任务主要通过钻孔分层抽水试验来完成。如所周知,分层抽水试验需要大口径钻孔,并对所揭穿的几个含水层分别进行止水隔离,或者对每个含水层单独打钻孔,进行所谓排孔抽水试验,这些方法不仅影响钻探工作进度,且需要大量的管材。排孔抽水试验虽然可以简化钻孔结构,但仍需止水,而且往往使钻探工作量增加一倍以上,耗费很大。 相似文献
9.
新型地下水流速流向测量技术及其在岩溶区调查中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国南方岩溶区往往水文地质条件复杂,含水层的渗透性具有较强的非均一性。为探究岩溶含水层矢量渗透系数的分布规律,识别多级次岩溶水流系统的特征,利用新型地下水流速流向测量技术,在鄂西香溪河流域的典型水文地质钻孔进行了试验研究。结合地面调查、抽水试验和压水试验等方法,对流速流向测试与分析结果进行了水文地质解释及探讨。结果表明:所选典型钻孔岩溶含水层的垂向渗透系数不均一性较强,新型流速流向测量方法计算得出的渗透系数与抽水试验的计算结果相差5%;与压水试验相比,在钻孔2个不同深度的含水段,2种方法计算的渗透系数分别相差44%和2%;不同深度的地下水流向测量结果表明,钻孔在垂向上揭示了2个不同层次的岩溶水流系统。新型地下水流速流向测量与分析方法能够较准确地识别岩溶水的优势径流方向和径流层位,对于岩溶含水层渗透性非均一性的定量刻画具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
10.
注水试验与放水试验求取渗透系数的差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于矿井涌水量计算及水资源评价需要,本文运用注水试验代替抽水试验,求取了太原组灰岩含水层的渗透系数。根据后期同一含水层井下放水试验资料,利用VISUAL MODFLOW建立了水文地质三维非稳定流数值模型,通过分区拟合调参,获得了含水层分区水文地质参数。通过对这两种试验求得的渗透系数进行比较,得出在裂隙介质中注水试验是放水试验所得渗透系数值的35.6%~50.8%。建议在不具备进行抽（放）水试验的条件下,可使用注水试验代替,所得渗透系数值乘以校正系数,用校正后的渗透系数来计算矿井涌水量。 相似文献
11.
为进一步研究地下水曝气原位修复技术的影响因素,采用室内实验的方法系统地研究了含水介质对原位曝气技术修复地下水污染的影响。研究结果表明:大量水相中的柴油在曝气的开始阶段被去除,随着时间的延长,污染物去除率不断增加,但增加的幅度逐渐减小。污染物去除率与时间关系曲线符合对数曲线规律,相关方程为y=alnx+b,R2=0.802 4～0.907 1,相关性较好。含水介质的渗透系数对地下水污染修复的影响较大,渗透系数与污染物的去除率基本呈正相关关系,渗透系数越大,污染物的去除率越大;含水介质密度与污染物去除率基本呈负相关关系,含水介质密度越大,污染物的去除率越小。 相似文献
12.
弱透水层的渗透系数是区域地下水流系统划分和关键带水-土-生作用的重要参数.结合江汉平原关键带调查采集1:5万杨林尾-陆溪口图幅钻孔52组不同深度、不同岩性的原状土样,利用改进的渗透仪进行室内渗透实验,对粘性土样的渗透系数和粒度特征参数进行经验公式修正.发现研究区沉积物渗透系数与含水岩组埋深和岩性有关.浅层孔隙潜水含水岩组以粉质粘土、粘土为主,沉积环境稳定,渗透系数约10-9 m/s,变异系数为1.56;中深层承压含水岩组夹有多层粘土和粉砂,呈现多旋回分布的典型河湖交互作用的沉积环境,渗透系数为10-10~10-6 m/s,变异系数为2.04,变异性较大.利用有效孔隙比eu与黏粒含量P的显著二项式关系,修正预测粘性土渗透系数的太沙基经验公式,预测值与室内实测数据基本吻合,二者比值均小于10,验证了太沙基修正公式在河湖相平原区的适用性. 相似文献
13.
局域化改进集合卡尔曼滤波（EnKF）可以克服EnKF方法在使用小集合时,对参数识别精度较低的缺陷,其能同化
地下水位观测数据有效识别渗透系数场。实际工作中,溶质运移数据也较容易获得。崔凯鹏（2013）尝试增加溶质运移
数据以改进只同化水流数据对渗透系数的估计结果,但是精度提高有限。本文在其基础上修改模型,进一步增加溶质注
入井,探究同时同化水头和溶质运移数据,对渗透系数场识别效果,之后对比了局域化EnKF与非局域化EnKF参数识别结
果,并分析了溶质影响范围与参数识别的关系。结果表明：同时同化溶质运移和水头资料,比同化单一种类观测数据识别
的渗透系数精度更高;相同实现数目下,局域化EnKF比EnKF对渗透系数场的估计结果与真实场更为接近;仅考虑溶质影
响范围内的渗透系数,同化水头数据在最后时刻参数识别结果好于同化溶质运移数据参数识别结果,但差别不大。 相似文献
14.
Field and laboratory methods have been used to determine the hydraulic properties in a multiple-layer aquifer–aquitard system that is hydrologically connected to a river. First, hypothetical pumping tests in aquifer–aquitard systems were performed to evaluate the feasibility of MODFLOW-PEST in determining these parameters. Sensitivity analyses showed that: the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the aquifer has the highest composite sensitivity; the vertical hydraulic conductivity has higher composite sensitivity than the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the aquitard; and a partial penetration pumping well in an aquifer layer can improve the quality of the estimated parameters. This inverse approach was then used to analyze a pumping-recovery test conducted near the Platte River in southeastern Nebraska, USA. The hydraulic conductivities and specific yield were calculated for the aquitard and aquifer. The direct-push technique was used to generate sediment columns; permeameter tests on these columns produced the vertical hydraulic conductivities that are compatible with those obtained from the pumping-recovery test. Thus, the combination of the direct-push technique with permeameter tests provides a new method for estimation of vertical hydraulic conductivity. The hydraulic conductivity, determined from grain-size analysis, is smaller than the horizontal one but larger than the vertical one determined by the pumping-recovery test. 相似文献
15.
Evaluation of unconfined aquifer parameters from flow to partially penetrating wells in Tailan River basin, China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Emmanuel Kwame Appiah-Adjei Longcang Shu Kwaku Amaning Adjei Minjing Deng Xiaohui Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(3):799-809
Effective evaluation, management and abstraction of groundwater resources of any aquifer require accurate and reliable estimates of its hydraulic parameters. This study, therefore, looks at the determination of hydraulic parameters of an unconfined aquifer using both analytical and numerical approaches. A long-duration pumping test data obtained from an unconfined aquifer system within the Tailan River basin in Xinjiang Autonomous Region in the northwest of China is used, in this study, to investigate the best method for estimating the parameters of the aquifer. The pumping test was conducted by pumping from a radial collector well and measuring the response in nine observation wells; all the wells used in the test were partially penetrating. Using two well-known tools, namely AquiferTest and MODFLOW, as an aid for the analytical and numerical approaches, respectively, the parameters of the aquifer were determined and their outputs compared. The estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivity, vertical hydraulic conductivity, and specific yield for the analytical approach are 38.1–50.30 m/day, 3.02–9.05 m/day and 0.204–0.339, respectively, while the corresponding numerical estimates are 20.50–35.24 m/day, 0.10–3.40 m/day, and 0.27–0.31, respectively. Comparing the two, the numerical estimates were found to be more representative of the aquifer in the study area since it simulated the groundwater flow conditions of the pumping test in the aquifer system better than the analytical solution. 相似文献
16.
含水层非均质性空间分布特征的识别,是准确模拟地下水流和污染物运移的前提.基于室内非均质含水层砂箱实验,分别利用水力层析法和克立金插值法刻画了非均质含水层渗透系数场.研究结果表明:(1) 水力层析法与克立金法相比,不仅可以更好地刻画非均质含水层渗透系数场,还可以更高精度地预测地下水流过程;(2) 水力层析抽水实验中,通过增加抽水实验组数可以有效地提高水力层析参数反演的精度,但是抽水实验组数增加到一定程度以后,再增加抽水组数不会显著提升参数反演的效果.后续需要进一步研究水力层析抽水实验合适的组数,进一步对抽水井进行优化布设. 相似文献
17.
Fracture flow modelling based on satellite images of the Wajid Sandstone, Saudi Arabia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Conny Zeeb Daniel Göckus Paul Bons Hussain Al Ajmi Randolf Rausch Philipp Blum 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(7):1699-1712
Large-scale geological features have been identified by satellite imagery and global positioning system data in the Wajid Sandstone in Saudi Arabia. The main objective is to evaluate the importance of fractures for the overall flow behaviour in this fractured rock aquifer and to estimate in-situ hydraulic apertures. Data on fractures and lineaments were available for three outcrops. By applying a “cut-out” routine on the fracture endpoint data of these fracture trace windows, three deterministic discrete fracture networks (DFN), with an area of 100 m?×?100 m, could be generated. These were used to simulate the fracture flow and to determine the hydraulic conductivity tensors. Using additional data on hydraulic pumping tests and matrix conductivities, in-situ hydraulic apertures could be determined. Average in-situ hydraulic apertures range from 1,300 to 1,700 µm. Observations from the field support these results. In addition, a hydraulic conductivity ratio between the matrix and fracture system was used to identify the contribution of the DFN to the overall fluid transport. A ratio of 10.4 was determined, which indicates that the effective flow behaviour in the Wajid Sandstone aquifer is not entirely dominated by the fracture system, though evidently strongly controlled by it. 相似文献
18.
Aquifer hydraulic conductivity estimation from surface geoelectrical measurements for Krauthausen test site, Germany 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The physical explanation is presented for two types of theoretical equations which encompass a direct and an inverse relationship between the hydraulic conductivity and electrical resistivity of an aquifer. Using the theory of direct current (DC) resistivity prospecting, it is shown that a direct relation exists if the bulk of the current flow is in the vertical direction, whereas the inverse relation exists if the current is in the horizontal direction. Consequently, the relation in question is direct in the case of a relatively conducting basement and inverse in the case of a comparatively resistive basement. Then, the aquifer hydraulic conductivity for the hydrogeologically well-studied area of Krauthausen in Germany is estimated by two different techniques using surface geoelectrical data. The estimated values are compared with those conventionally determined by a pump test experiment and it can be concluded that the estimation is better whenever geoelectrical data are used. 相似文献
19.
Estimation of regional-scale groundwater flow properties in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh
Quantitative evaluation of management strategies for long-term supply of safe groundwater for drinking from the Bengal Basin aquifer (India and Bangladesh) requires estimation of the large-scale hydrogeologic properties that control flow. The Basin consists of a stratified, heterogeneous sequence of sediments with aquitards that may separate aquifers locally, but evidence does not support existence of regional confining units. Considered at a large scale, the Basin may be aptly described as a single aquifer with higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity. Though data are sparse, estimation of regional-scale aquifer properties is possible from three existing data types: hydraulic heads, 14C concentrations, and driller logs. Estimation is carried out with inverse groundwater modeling using measured heads, by model calibration using estimated water ages based on 14C, and by statistical analysis of driller logs. Similar estimates of hydraulic conductivities result from all three data types; a resulting typical value of vertical anisotropy (ratio of horizontal to vertical conductivity) is 104. The vertical anisotropy estimate is supported by simulation of flow through geostatistical fields consistent with driller log data. The high estimated value of vertical anisotropy in hydraulic conductivity indicates that even disconnected aquitards, if numerous, can strongly control the equivalent hydraulic parameters of an aquifer system. 相似文献