共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments were used to investigate the petroleum composition and quality of petroleum generated from a Brazilian lacustrine source rock containing Type I kerogen with increasing thermal maturity. The tested sample was of Aptian age from the Araripe Basin (NE-Brazil). The temperatures (280–360 °C) and times (12–132 h) employed in the experiments simulated petroleum generation and expulsion (i.e., oil window) prior to secondary gas generation from the cracking of oil. Results show that similar to other oil prone source rocks, kerogen initially decomposes in part to a polar rich bitumen, which decomposes in part to hydrocarbon rich oil. These two overall reactions overlap with one another and have been recognized in oil shale retorting and natural petroleum generation. During bitumen decomposition to oil, some of the bitumen is converted to pyrobitumen, which results in an increase in the apparent kerogen (i.e., insoluble carbon) content with increasing maturation.The petroleum composition and its quality (i.e., API gravity, gas/oil ratio, C15+ fractions, alkane distribution, and sulfur content) are affected by thermal maturation within the oil window. API gravity, C15+ fractions and gas/oil ratios generated by HP are similar to those of natural petroleum considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous age. API gravity of the HP expelled oils shows a complex relationship with increasing thermal maturation that is most influenced by the expulsion of asphaltenes. C15+ fractions (i.e., saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) show that expelled oils and bitumen are compositionally separate organic phases with no overlap in composition. Gas/oil ratios (GOR) initially decrease from 508–131 m3/m3 during bitumen generation and remain essentially constant (81–84 m3/m3) to the end of oil generation. This constancy in GOR is different from the continuous increase through the oil window observed in anhydrous pyrolysis experiments. Alkane distributions of the HP expelled oils are similar to those of natural crude oils considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous age. Isoprenoid and n-alkane ratios (i.e., pristane/n-C17 and phytane/n-C18) decrease with increasing thermal maturity as observed in natural crude oils. Pristane/phytane ratios remain constant with increasing thermal maturity through the oil window, with ratios being slightly higher in the expelled oils relative to those in the bitumen. Generated hydrocarbon gases are similar to natural gases associated with crude oils considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous, with the exception of elevated ethane contents. The general overall agreement in composition of natural and hydrous pyrolysis petroleum of lacustrine source rocks observed in this study supports the utility of HP to better characterize petroleum systems and the effects of maturation and expulsion on petroleum composition and quality. 相似文献
2.
3.
Hydrocarbon maturation modeling of Paleocene to Lower Miocene source rocks in the Niger Delta Basin: implications for hydrocarbon generation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study evaluates the hydrocarbon generation potentials and time of generation for Paleocene to Lower Miocene source rock horizons from A-1, B-1, B-2, and C-1 wells in the Niger Delta Basin using 1D Petromod modeling software. Wells A-1, B-1 and B-2, and C-1 are located within the Central Swamp, the Coastal Swamp, and the Shallow Offshore depobelts, respectively. The thermal history was derived from the rifting–subsidence heat flow model. Maturity modeling were carried out by using Easy%Ro kinetic model and a heat flow history predicting present-day heat flow which were calibrated with measured temperature data. Results of the study suggest that these potential source rocks have attained maturity status to generate hydrocarbons, with vast differences existing in the timing of the onset of oil generation. Basin modeling suggests that Paleocene source rocks entered the oil generative window from the Oligocene to Miocene times with thermal maturity window that varies from gas generation to early-mature phase. The Eocene source rocks have also attained maturity from Miocene to Pliocene times, and their thermal maturity ranges from gas generation to early maturity stage. The Oligocene source rocks also began to generate oil during the Miocene and are currently within the early-mature to mid-mature stage. The thermal maturity window for the Lower Miocene source rocks ranges from immature to early-mature stage. The present modeling results reveals that higher levels of thermal maturity are attained in areas with high geothermal gradients and heat flow values while the cooler areas exhibits lower levels of maturation. The onset of the oil window lies at 2859 m at A-1 (Central Swamp), 3240 m at B-2 (Coastal Swamp), 4732 m at B-1 (Coastal Swamp), and 4344 m at C-1 (Shallow Offshore). The depth to the onset of oil window is found deeper in the Shallow Offshore and western parts of the study area than in the eastern and northwestern parts. The result of this study suggest that the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, and Lower Miocene source rocks are the principal source rocks for oil and gas generation in the Niger Delta Basin. 相似文献
4.
Shuichang Zhang Jin Su Xiaomei Wang Guangyou Zhu Haijun YangKeyu Liu Zhenxi Li 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(11):1394-1410
The Lunnan Lower Uplift in the Tarim Basin, NW China contains a composite petroleum system with mainly biodegraded heavy oil in the west, normal oil in the center and gas condensate in the east. Twenty-three gas samples and 37 oil samples taken from three major hydrocarbon bearing intervals in the Lunnan lower bulge were analyzed for their stable carbon isotopes and molecular biomarkers. On the basis of their isotopic compositions, biomarkers, especially diamondoids, and integrating the physical properties of the hydrocarbons including densities, GOR and PVT relationships, it has been concluded that the recently discovered deep (6500 m) eastern Lungu giant Ordovician gas condensate pool with an estimated reserve of 723 million bbl oil equivalent is a secondary hydrocarbon accumulation derived from the mixing of an early formed oil and a late formed gas. The extremely dry gases with a gas dryness of >0.98 were derived from thermal cracking of crude oils and charged to an existing oil reservoir causing extensive gas washing and secondary alteration. Compared with most of the hydrocarbons in the Lunnan area, the gas from the eastern Lungu gas condensate pool has a heavier carbon isotopic composition, higher dryness and a higher maturity level. The unique physical, chemical and isotopic compositions of the gas condensate are believed to be a direct result of gas flushing of an early formed eastern Lungu oil pool by a late formed dry gas from oil cracking. The eastern Lungu gas condensate pool is presently characterized by containing “dry gas, heavy oil, abundant aromatics and high wax”. 相似文献
5.
估算天然气成熟度的新指标--金刚烷指标 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用天然气重烃富集及MID/GC/MS分析技术,从天然气中检测出单、双金刚烷类化合物。根据琼东南盆地生油岩中金刚烷指标 (Ⅱ )与镜煤反射率 (Ro)的实测值,结合应用塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地的上述实测数据点,建立了双金刚烷指标与镜煤反射率 (Ro)数值对应关系。根据这种关系成功地确定和研究了莺-琼盆地三个构造天然气的成熟度。研究成果不仅提供了检测天然气中金刚烷类化合物的方法,扩大了金刚烷类化合物的应用范围,而且表明金刚烷类化合物是研究天然气成熟度的一个有效指标 相似文献
6.
钻探显示渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近系沙河街地层具有良好的页岩油资源潜力,成熟页岩厚度超过1 000 m,其有机质热演化特征备受关注。通过对研究区5口页岩油钻井岩石热解地化参数详细统计和对烃源岩原始有机碳、可转换碳、页岩含油量以及生烃潜力等页岩有机质特征的分析,探讨了页岩镜质体反射率动力学应用范畴。沙河街组（沙三段下亚段和沙四段上亚段）页岩最大热解温度（Tmax）为423～450 ℃,有机质成熟度（Ro）为0.45%～0.94%,平均为0.73%,Ⅱ型烃源岩原始有机碳（TOCo）含量为0.92%～5.67%,平均为4.23%,可转换碳（Cc）比例为51%～63%,平均为59%,页岩含油量(S1)为（10～75）×104 t/km2,平均为39.67×104 t/km2,生烃潜力(S2)为（20～465）×104 t/km2,平均为293×104 t/km2,热解产量指数(PI)为0.03～0.47。综合研究认为,济阳坳陷沙河街组优质烃源岩主要集中在东营凹陷和沾化凹陷,有机质成熟度对页岩油的生成和聚集至关重要,当Ro为0.70%～0.74%时,油气开始大量生成,并且开始排烃。 相似文献
7.
采用全烃气相色谱、全油气相色谱-质谱技术,研究了突泉盆地突参1井原油的轻烃和金刚烷类化合物特征,剖析其母质类型、沉积环境、成熟度等方面的信息及地质地球化学意义.突参1井原油Pr/Ph=3.17,姥鲛烷优势明显,指示为偏氧化的沉积环境;甲基环己烷指数MCH为46%,环己烷指数CH为25%,3,4DMD在二甲基金刚烷类化合物中占据一定的优势,其相对含量为48%,根据图版所示揭示其母质类型为Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型;正庚烷指数（IH）为27.6%,异庚烷指数（Ⅱ）为0.33,甲基单金刚烷成熟度指数（IMA）为0.63,二甲基双金刚烷成熟度指数（IMD）为0.38,经公式计算Ro约为1.2%,属于成熟-高成熟阶段.结合前人研究资料,认为突参1井原油来自于中侏罗统万宝组煤系泥岩. 相似文献
8.
Unusually high dibenzothiophene (DBT) concentrations are present in the oils from the Tazhong-4 Oilfield in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin. Positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was used in combination with conventional geochemical approaches to unravel the enrichment mechanisms. Significant amounts of S1 species with relatively low DBE values (0–8), i.e., sulfur ethers, mercaptans, thiophenes and benzothiophenes, were detected in three Lower Ordovician oils with high thermal maturity, which were suggested to be the products of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in the reservoir. The occurrence of TSR was also supported by the coexistence of thiadiamondoids and abundant H2S in the gases associated with the oils. Obviously low concentrations of the DBE = 9 S1 species (mainly equivalent to C0–C35 DBTs) compared to its homologues were observed for the three oils which were probably altered by TSR, indicating that no positive relationship existed between TSR and DBTs in this study. The sulfur compounds in the Tazhong-4 oils are quite similar to those in the majority of Lower Ordovician oils characterized by high concentrations of DBTs and dominant DBE = 9 S1 species with only small amounts of sulfur compounds with low thermal stability (DBE = 0–8), suggesting only a small proportion of sulfur compounds were derived from TSR. It is thermal maturity rather than TSR that has caused the unusually high DBT concentrations in most of the Lower Ordovician oils. We suggest that the unusually high DBT oils in the Tazhong-4 Oilfield are caused by oil mixing from the later charged Lower Ordovician (or perhaps even deeper), with high DBT abundances from the earlier less mature oils, which was supported by our oil mixing experiments and previous relevant investigations as well as abundant authigenic pyrite of hydrothermal origin. We believe that TSR should have occurred in the Tazhong Uplift based on our FT-ICR MS results. However, normal sulfur compounds were detected in most oils and no increase of δ13C2H6–δ13C4H10 was observed for the gas hydrocarbons, suggesting only a slight alteration of the oils by TSR currently and/or recently. We suspect that the abnormal sulfur compounds in the Lower Ordovician oils might also be a result of deep oil mixing, which might imply a deeper petroliferous horizon, i.e., Cambrian, with a high petroleum potential. This study is important to further deep petroleum exploration in the area. 相似文献
9.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(4):451-473
The thermal maturity of oils extracted from inclusions and the fluorescence colours of oil-bearing fluid inclusions have been measured in 36 sandstone samples from Australasian oil fields. The inclusion oils were analysed using an off-line crushing technique followed by GC–MS. A maturity assessment was made for each inclusion oil using 25 molecular maturity ratios, including a newly defined dimethyldibenzothiophene ratio (DMDR). Each inclusion oil was placed in one of 4 maturity brackets, approximately equivalent to early, mid, peak and post oil generation windows. The fluorescence colours of oil inclusions were visually-discriminated into “blue”, “white” and “yellow plus orange” and their proportions estimated using point counting techniques. Sixteen samples have >85% of oil inclusions with blue fluorescence, whilst other samples have more variable fluorescence colours. One sample has 100% of oil inclusions with yellow plus orange fluorescence. The results show that samples containing mainly blue-fluorescing oil inclusions have thermal maturities anywhere within the oil window. In particular, the molecular geochemical data strongly suggests that oil inclusions with blue fluorescence can have relatively low maturities (calculated reflectance <0.65%), contrary to the widely applied assumption that blue fluorescence colours indicate high maturities. Samples containing mainly white-fluorescing oil inclusions have maturities anywhere within the oil window and cannot be distinguished using molecular geochemical parameters from samples containing mainly blue-fluorescing oil inclusions. Though few in number, samples with mainly yellow and orange-fluorescing oil inclusions tend to have maturities in the lower half of the oil window. The data presented strongly suggest that although the relationship between API gravity and the fluorescence properties of crude oils is well established, the extension of this relationship to the use of the fluorescence colours of oil inclusions as a qualitative thermal maturity guide is not justified. Fluorescence colour depends in the first instance on chemical composition, which is controlled not only by maturity but by several other processes. For example, inclusions in samples from below current or residual oil zones in the Timor Sea contain a high proportion of yellow- and orange-fluorescing oil inclusions compared to the overlying oil zones, which are dominated by blue-fluorescing oil inclusions. This observation is interpreted to be due to water washing causing molecular and gross fractionation of oils prior to trapping. Fractionation of the gross composition of oil during the inclusion trapping process may also be a significant controlling process on the fluorescence colours of oil inclusions, due to the preferential adsorption of polar compounds onto charged mineral surfaces. A trapping control is strongly supported by synthetic oil inclusion work. Care should be taken when interpreting the charge history of samples containing oil inclusions with mixed fluorescence colour populations, such as those from the Iagifu-7x well in the Papuan Basin. It is possible that the different colour populations represent a single oil charge, with oil inclusions trapped under slightly different conditions or at slightly different grain surfaces, rather than multiple migration events. 相似文献
10.
Ten samples from the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan and Barsarin Formations in an outcrop section near Sargelu Village were studied to evaluate their thermal maturity using vitrinite reflectance method. The studied beds appeared to be mature and within the oil generation window (0.79–1.25 % vitrinite reflectance in immersion oil (Ro)). Some of the reflectance histograms showed bimodal distribution indicating existence of nonindigenous populations which were all ignored during the measurements of the mean value of Ro. Comparison between the results obtained from vitrinite reflectance method and some other methods like pyrolysis and gas chromatography showed variations which finally more reality believed to be for the vitrinite reflectance method. 相似文献
11.
The Thermal Alteration Index (TAI) obtained from spore colouration is a useful maturity indicator that may be obtained from palynological preparations. Thermal maturity is an important parameter in determining the hydrocarbon potential of the Lower Carboniferous lacustrine and fluviatile sediments of the Horton Group, and coeval rocks, of Nova Scotia. Samples studied from fifty-two separate localities indicate a wide range in thermal maturity from low (TAI 2 to 3) to high (TAI 4 to 5?). Variation in depth of burial was probably the main factor responsible for the regional differences in thermal maturity. The thickness of Horton sedimentation varied considerably in a series of half grabens, as did the overburden of post-Tournaisian Lower Carboniferous, Upper Carboniferous, Permian and possibly Triassic rocks.The organic matter in most samples is composed of exinous (Type II) and woody and coaly material (Types III and IV). Locally in a few localities amorphous algal material (Type I) consisting of Botryococcus sp. is common. The composition of the organic matter and the thermal maturity data suggest that in most of the study area rocks of the Horton Group are in the dry gas generation zone, although in some areas oil generation may have taken place; in a few localities where the thermal maturity is high the organic matter has been altered beyond the dry gas preservation limit. 相似文献
12.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(1):101464
Fluid inclusions represent the direct evidence of paleofluids and can provide valuable information on the evolution of sedimentary basins and oil-bearing strata. Hydrocarbon fluid inclusion(s) (HCFIs) are the vestiges of oil from the geological formations. The paper delineates the paleotemperature (Th)/ oil window, the oil quality of HCFIs and Raman peaks corresponding to hydrocarbon species of HCFIs using fluid inclusion techniques, and source rock potential of hydrocarbon generation, thermal maturity, the quantity of organic matter, and the kerogen types obtained through Rock-Eval pyrolysis data from two dry wells RV-1 well of Mumbai offshore and KKD-1A well of Kerala-Konkan Basin. The present study compares the fluid inclusion parameters as well as the source rock geochemical characteristics of these two dry wells to address the scientific problem of the wells going dry. Further, evaluated whether the results agree with an earlier finding from a case study of two wells named KK4C-Al (Kerala-Konkan basin) and RV-1 well where only a few parameters such as temperature of homogenization (Th) & API gravity were utilised, and the chances of getting oil in the nearby areas of these two wells were reported. In the present study, the fluid inclusion parameters such as the palaeotemperature (Th), API Gravity and Raman spectra were obtained from micron sized fluid inclusions at different depths for a quick assessment of nature of oil inclusions within the two dry wells. Along with fluid inclusion parameters, different source rock parameters obtained from Rock-Eval Pyrolysis analysis (secondary data) such as S1, S2, S3, Tmax, Hydrogen Index (HI), Oxygen Index (OI), Potential Yield (PY), Production Index (PI) and Total Organic Carbon Content (TOC) were also considered for a detailed source-rock evaluation of two wells (RV-1 and KKD-1A) and the results act as the supporting evidence to address the reason for the wells gone dry.Temperature of homogenisation (Th) of hydrocarbon Fluid Inclusion Assemblages (FIAs) from both the wells fall in the oil window (60–150 °C) range indicating that there was a conducive thermal condition favourable for oil generation in these two basins. API gravity of oils in RV-1 well of Mumbai offshore (48–53) was lighter when compared to those in KKD-1A (18–22) of Kerala-Konkan basin. Raman spectra of HCFI samples could decipher important hydrocarbon species from RV-1 well samples. Raman spectra of KKD-1A well show less prominent peaks (broad) only. Pyrolysis data shows that Paleocene–Early Eocene source rocks of Panna formation of RV1 well are mature enough to generate hydrocarbons. On the other hand, Paleocene aged source rocks of Kasargod formation of KKD-1A well are immature. Source rock maturity therefore could be considered as crucial in hydrocarbon generation in these two wells even if oil-window was achieved. This study reports that, in RV-1 well, even though it is a dry well in a proven basin, the oil window, API gravity of oils and constituents from HCFIs of RV-1 well and the source-rock maturity opens up a demand for detailed exploration in nearby areas of RV-1 in the Mumbai offshore basin hopeful of finding a high-value prospect for oil, whereas the fluid inclusion studies in the HCFIs of KKD-1A well of Kerala-Konkan basin is showing only a minimal chance of oil generation that too of a heavy nature and the source rock immature characteristics suggesting only minimal generation of hydrocarbons. Due to the heaviness of the available oil in the KKD-1A well impedes migration. Our study suggests that there is no potential for finding oil in the nearby areas of KKD-1A well of Kerala-Konkan basin. 相似文献
13.
苏丹Muglad盆地Fula坳陷油气地球化学特征与成藏意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Fula坳陷位于Muglad盆地东北部,面积约5 000 km2,FN油田是该坳陷最大的亿吨级油田。油气储层主要为白垩系Abu Gabra、Bentiu和Aradeiba组。应用油藏地球化学的方法对FN油田的成藏期次进行了探讨。FN油田Abu Gabra、Bentiu和Aradeiba组原油特征相似,来源于同一套烃源岩,原油既表现出正构烷烃、藿烷、甾烷系列分布完整等正常油特征,又表现出色谱基线抬升、高峰度UCM、25 降藿烷出现等生物降解油特征,这些特征表明FN油田经历了至少两期成藏过程,早期充注的原油遭受生物降解后又接受后期成熟度较高的原油充注。根据构造演化、埋藏史和生排烃史可以研究生烃期次及油气成藏特征。Abu Gabra组烃源岩发生了两次生烃作用,第一次生烃作用发生在晚白垩世,Ro达到0.6%以上,进入生排烃作用阶段,晚白垩世末构造抬升作用使这次生烃产物遭受较为严重的生物降解;第二次生烃作用发生在古近纪,Abu Gabra组烃源岩进入生油高峰阶段,是本区最重要的一次生油作用和成藏过程,与该次成藏事件相关的构造圈闭是Fula坳陷油气勘探的重点。 相似文献
14.
东营凹陷原油、储层吸附烃全扫描荧光特征与应用 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
应用全扫描荧光分析(TSF、QGF-E)技术对东营凹陷沙河街组40个原油、15个储层包裹烃、39个储层砂吸附烃的三维荧光特征进行了定性与定量分析。分析表明,原油与包裹烃的TSF指纹特征总体相似,均为单峰型,指示油气成因具有内在的联系。观察到不同原油TSF强度峰宽与最高值有异,低成熟度样品往往具有较高的TSF强度及较宽的峰。进一步分析表明,原油TSF最高强度、TSF定量参数R1[270nm(Em360nm/Em320nm)]、R2[260nm(Em360nm/Em320nm)]与生物标志物成熟度参数C29甾烷ααα20S/(S+R)、Ts/(Tm+Ts)等有较好的线性正相关性,反映TSF荧光指纹特征及其定量参数可作为一种温标用于热成熟度分析。应用TSF技术确认东营凹陷中央隆起带原油成熟度具有自西南向东北逐渐降低的变化规律,其反映了油源与油气充注方面的重要信息。对东营凹陷牛庄洼陷两口井的储层砂的QGF-E分析表明,颗粒样品所在层段的烃类含量普遍较高,反映致密薄层砂、微裂缝等可能为该洼陷岩性油气藏重要的隐蔽型油气运移通道。TSF、QGF-E技术在油气族群、储层含油气性、油气运移路径与油层识别等方面具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
15.
刍云深水凹陷高成熟原油芳烃地球化学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对白云凹陷采集的27个原油样品的芳烃组成进行了系统的研究。其分布特征和相对含量表明,原油母质具明显的陆源高等植物输入特征,沉积环境以氧化环境为主,根据萘系列、菲系列、二苯并噻吩系列化合物的相对含量分布差异,优选有效的烷基萘、烷基菲、烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度指标,综合分析了白云凹陷原油成熟度特征。原油总体属于成熟一高成熟原油,结合生物标志化合物组成可划分为A、B两类,A类原油的成熟度高于B类原油。还选用有效的成熟度参数探讨了白云凹陷油气运移规律,如三甲基萘比值,该参数指示油气运移方向沿白云主洼中心向周围运移,且邻近番禺低隆起,运移方向由西向东,即沿着成熟度由高到低方向运移。 相似文献
16.
雅克拉凝析气田油气地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
雅克拉凝析气田天然气组分以甲烷为主,含量79.13%￣89.30%;重烃含量较高,平均占9.67%;干燥系数(C1/C1-5)介于0.89～0.92之间,属典型的湿气。δ13C1为-40.8‰～-39.4‰,δ13C2为-32.0‰～-30.2‰,δ13C3为-30.5‰～-28.9‰,表明天然气为典型的油型气。原油及其族组分的碳同位素组成和生物标志化合物呈现出典型的海相原油特征。原油成熟度较高,与天然气的成熟度基本相同,表明油气同源、同阶,为一次油气充注的产物,而与塔河油田存在较大差异。 相似文献
17.
石炭系是柴达木盆地油气勘探的新层系,油气勘探程度低,但发育厚度大的高有机质丰度泥页岩,具有很好的页岩气资源潜力。通过对德令哈坳陷石炭系露头剖面进行实测和钻井岩心分析,明确石炭系泥页岩空间展布特征。测定样品有机地球化学参数、孔渗特征,并且进行等温吸附和渗流实验,分析其储集特征。结合德参1井盆地模拟分析,研究石炭系页岩气成藏事件,划分德令哈坳陷石炭系页岩气系统。研究表明：石炭系泥页岩广泛发育,埋深较大但未发生变质;泥页岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型,处于成熟-高成熟演化阶段;上石炭统泥页岩发育优于下石炭统;泥页岩表现为低孔低渗特征,孔隙度在1.89%~5.48%,渗透率为(0.115~2.7)×10-7 μm2;上覆地层发育厚层泥页岩可以提供良好的盖层条件;古近纪末-现今为页岩气系统形成的关键时期;上石炭统克鲁克组钻遇天然气显示,证实了德令哈坳陷石炭系页岩气系统的存在。在泥页岩厚度、埋深、TOC含量、成熟度等条件综合评价基础上,将德令哈坳陷划分为德令哈页岩气系统与埃北页岩气系统。 相似文献
18.
19.
Alkyl Naphthalenes and Phenanthrenes: Molecular Markers for Tracing Filling Pathways of Light Oil and Condensate Reservoirs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LI Meijun WANG Tieguan LIU Ju ZHANG Meizhu LU Hong MA Qinglin GAO Lihui 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(5):1294-1305
<正>Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity,low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction.As a result,some commonly-used sterane,terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Naphthalene,phenanthrene and their methylated substituents,however,are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils.Taking the Fushan depression(in the Beibuwan Basin,Northern South China Sea) as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs.The result shows that TMNr(i.e.1,3,7-TMN/(1,3,7-TMN + 1,2,5-TMN),TMN:trimethylnaphthalene)),MPI-1 (i.e.1.5×(2-MP + 3-MP)/(P + 1-MP + 9-MP),P:phenanthrene MP:methylphenanthrene),MN/DMN (Σmethylnaphthalene/Σdimethylnaphthalene,%) and MN/TMN(Σmethylnaphthalene/Σtrimethylnaphthalene, %) can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs.These parameters,together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties(e.g.the gas to oil ratio and density),suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression. 相似文献
20.
The Namoi Formation in the Werrie Syncline, north and west of Tamworth, is part of the well-preserved Devonian–Carboniferous fore arc in the New England Fold Belt. The formation is between 640–914 m thick and consists of dominant olive-green mudstones with lenses of sandstone and oolitic limestone. To assess shale gas prospectivity, we analysed five outcrop samples from the Namoi Formation in the Keepit area. Well-preserved aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions do not show evidence of weathering or biodegradation. n-Alkanes in all samples have a unimodal distribution maximising at C26 to C28. Little odd-to-even n-alkane carbon number predominance and relatively low Pr/n-C17 and Ph/n-C18 ratios are consistent with a high thermal maturity. Based on the distribution of alkylnaphthalenes and alkylphenanthrenes, the Namoi Formation is in the gas window. Calibration of the methylphenanthrene index and ratio with vitrinite reflectance suggests a calculated reflectance around 2.1%, which given a normal geothermal gradient is equivalent to a maximum temperature of 205°C for the deepest burial of the formation. There is a dominance of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) over alkylated PAHs, supporting a high thermal maturity. Some samples contain biomarkers suggestive of a marine depositional environment, including the C30 sterane index and the C31/C30 hopane ratio. The Namoi Formation is a prospective shale-gas source, as it has been buried sufficiently to be well within the gas window. Where it is exposed at the surface gas will have been lost, but elsewhere it will be buried beneath other sediments and may still retain gas. Key exploration uncertainties include information on organic richness, lateral variation in thermal maturity, mineralogy, and porosity–permeability relationships. 相似文献