共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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从网络分析法的角度对武汉市水系网络、道路网络、绿地网络及其复合网络构成的景观生态网络格局进行分析。根据总体景观生态网络格局特征、分区统计景观生态网络格局特征、分等级统计景观生态网络格局特征分析结果显示,道路网络和绿地网络的α指数、β指数、γ指数都明显好于水系网络,相比较而言,三网复合网络都有比独立网络更好的连接度,分区统计结果显示,主城区复合网络的三项指标均处于最高,网络连通度最好,分等级统计结果显示,等级道路网络的α指数、β指数、γ指数均高于全部道路网络,等级水系和等级绿地网络的α指数、β指数、γ指数均低于全部水系和全部绿地网络。 相似文献
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国内外学者对于景观格局的地形分异研究,经历了从景观类型分布高程差异到景观指数高程分异研究的过程,目前处在景观格局静态地形分异阶段。本文利用浙江西部桐庐县1996、2004的土地利用现状图和DEM数据,对其1996-2004年景观格局动态演变特征的高程分异规律进行研究。研究对桐庐县1996、2004年的土地利用现状图进行处理获得景观类型分布图,通过1∶10000的DEM数据的分带操作,生成不同高程带的景观类型分布图。选取斑块密度、景观形状指数、分维数、破碎度、香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数等景观格局指数,并在ArcGIS和Fragstats的支持下,计算出各带两个年份的景观格局指数并作对比分析。结果表明:研究区景观格局演变具有明显的高程分异特征,不仅表现为景观类型分布的变化与高程变化相关,而且体现在景观格局指数的变化值随高程上升而增减的趋势也有一定的规律性:景观水平上所有指数变化的剧烈程度大致与高程呈负相关关系,景观类型水平上各景观类型的破碎度、和斑块密度变化程度随海拔升高趋于缓和。 相似文献
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针对小兴安岭湿地生态功能退化,急须对其景观格局动态演变特征进行分析,该文提出 了耦合人工神经网络、元胞自动机和马尔科夫链构建模型来预测小兴安岭湿地未来景观格局的方法;通过转移矩阵、景观格局指数分析小兴安岭湿地1995-2025年景观格局动态演变特征.结果表明:所构建模型耦合了马尔科夫链数量预测与元胞自动机空间预测的优势,能够较大限度地克服元胞自动机模型主观赋权的影响,有效地提高了预测模型的精度;1995-2025年,小兴安岭地区湿地面积呈波动式变化,1995-2005年湿地面积急剧减少,2005年后缓慢增加,至2025年趋于平稳;小兴安岭湿地景观格局总体趋于破碎化,景观异质性增加,2005年达到最大值,2015年后各景观类型比例基本稳定.研究结果为小兴安岭湿地生态功能修复提供有力的技术支撑. 相似文献
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融合多尺度影像数据的杞麓湖流域景观格局分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
景观格局是景观斑块秩序和规律的具体体现，分析景观格局特征能够在空间结构上推进流域生态保护红线的划定和管控工作，维持可持续发展的底线。基于不同遥感数据源测算的景观格局可能存在计算结果差异，以及对景观格局描述不一致的问题。本文以杞麓湖流域为研究区，选取最新的Sentinel-2、GF-1和Landsat 8卫星遥感影像，基于斑块尺度、类型尺度和景观尺度的7个景观指数，从景观类型分布和整体格局两个方面探讨了杞麓湖流域景观格局现状，并分析不同数据源对景观格局评价结果的异同。结果表明：①杞麓湖流域的景观格局以林地和耕地为基底，零碎分散着建设用地和其他用地；②不同卫星遥感影像对流域景观格局的描述存在差异，影像分辨率与斑块数目、最大斑块指数、形状指数、分离度指数存在显著的正相关关系，而对于测度整体的香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数、优势度指数的影响相对较小。 相似文献
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景观格局是研究景观功能和动态的基础。景观指数分析在土地利用/土地覆盖、生态系统服务、森林监控、城市蔓生以及生物多样性等方面应用广泛。现有许多景观指数之间存在不同程度的相关性，不仅导致信息冗余，还将影响结果解译的清晰性和准确性。同时，已有研究主要针对栅格数据，针对矢量数据的景观指数分析研究较少。为解决上述问题，以广州市土地利用景观格局为例，在矢量数据格式下计算了44个常用的景观指数，并运用相关分析和因子分析相结合的多元统计分析法，提取了6个核心景观指数，这些指数描述了广州市土地利用景观格局的6个维度:景观破碎度、平均斑块面积、平均形状复杂度、空间分散度、形状复杂度差异和土地类型的相似性。 相似文献
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基于地理国情普查成果的城市景观格局分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
景观空间格局研究是揭示该区域生态状况及空间变异特征的有效手段。以研究区地理国情普查数据成果为基础数据,按照景观格局分析所需的土地利用类型进行重新分类。然后利用ArcGIS软件对图斑信息进行提取,分别计算各类型水平的景观指数和景观水平的景观指数,实现了对研究区景观格局特征的定量分析。结果表明,该地区主要景观类型与实地相符,各类景观类型都得到合理利用,同时,也可以对人类参与程度进行合理评估。相较传统影像分类方法,本研究在很大程度上提升了精度,是对我国地理国情普查成果应用的一次有益尝试。 相似文献
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基于CA-Markov模型的土地利用格局变化研究 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
以广州市1990年、2000年TM影像为数据源，通过分析宽块和景观两个层次的格局指数变化，研究了20世纪90年代广州市土地利用格局的时空特征。利用马尔柯夫模型和元胞自动机模型，对广州市2010年土地利用空间格局进行了预测。 相似文献
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城市的制度转型和空间重构加剧了职住分离现象,降低了居民就业可达性,土地利用景观格局特征是影响居民就业可达性的因素之一。基于经济普查、人口普查数据以及2010年和2014年两期土地利用数据,对武汉市中心城区街道尺度的居民就业可达性进行分析,定量描述土地利用景观格局对居民就业可达性的影响。研究结果表明,景观格局指数中景观尺度的边缘密度、香农多样性指数和斑块类型尺度的斑块面积、斑块占景观面积比例、回旋半径、聚合度均对就业可达性有显著影响;就业类斑块特征对居民就业可达性的影响比居住类斑块更大,居住区规划应考虑周边就业岗位数量;土地利用多样性、斑块分布紧实度的提升均有助于提高居民就业可达性。 相似文献
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Sadhana Jain Divyani Kohli Ram Mohan Rao Wietske Bijker 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(2):203-212
In recent years, there has been lot of emphasis on the study of urban land use/ land cover changes to discover the growth
pattern due to rapid urbanisation. This study presents spatial metrics and gradient analysis approach for quantifying and
capturing changes in urban landscape using LISS III imagery of 1999, 2001 and 2004 of Gurgaon, India. A combination of spatial
metrics i.e. percentage of landscape, mean patch size, number of patches, landscape shape index and largest patch index, available
in Fragstats ver. 3.3, have been used to quantify the patterns of urban growth in different directions in terms of size, shape
and complexity of development. The local built-up areas were quantified by the “moving window” technique. A gradient analysis
has been carried out through sampling from a reference point to 8 km in 16 directions with a window size of 500 mts. Results
of this study demonstrate the potential of spatial metrics and gradient modelling to quantify the impact of regional factors
on the growth pattern of Gurgaon city. 相似文献
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提出了一种运用自组织映射识别网格模式的方法。首先,计算街道网中网眼的参数,这些参数是质心、面积、矩形度、延展度、是否含有平行边、边数、一阶邻居数和矩形度平均值;然后,将网眼作为自组织映射的向量进行训练,利用U-matrix可视化方法挖掘聚类得出结果。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地从不规则街道网中识别出网格模式。 相似文献
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Yousef Sakieh Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny Seyed Hamed Mirkarimi Sepideh Saeidi 《国际地球制图》2017,32(8):853-873
This study develops an informed modelling approach that follows a bottom-up planning strategy to define plausible urban growth scenarios. In this case, landscape aesthetics suitability of the area was first generated using multi-criteria evaluation method. Then, a buffer zone of 1 km was considered to extract the average values of aesthetics suitability scores surrounding urban patches with medium physical size (10–30 hectares). The averaged values were considered as the dependent variable. In the next step, landscape metrics of these urban patches, as explanatory variables, were also computed to measure compositional and configuration-based attributes of urban clusters. Bivariate associations (Pearson correlation analysis) and statistical relationships (linear regression algorithm) between landscape metrics and their associated aesthetics values were measured and modelled. According to the results, both composition and configuration values are significantly correlated to the dependent variable in which configuration-based attributes depicted a stronger explanatory power. 相似文献
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Sermin Tagil Sevgi Gormus Serhat Cengiz 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(8):1285-1296
Perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage and attrition in ecosystems take place due to urbanization. In this study, where and when temporal and spatial heterogeneity occurs is tried to be explained by taking human intervention in landscape pattern and processes in and around the city of Denizli into account and how this heterogeneity affects habitat conditions within the scope of landscape ecology. Landscape pattern metrics were estimated in order to reveal the change in habitats and present the properties of the landscape. 30 pattern indicators on class and pattern levels, which are important to show human–environment interaction, were analyzed in order to indicate the features of the landscape such as area, side, shape and dispersion. To this end, LANDSAT TM/7–ETM/8-OLI satellite images of 1987 and 2013 were classified for laying the foundations of the analysis. Analyses showed that between 1987 and 2013, complicated shape features, increase in edge habitats, de-growth in core areas and eventually fragmentation in landscape have been dominant. Heterogenic structure in landscape has increased. This points not to the self-functioning of the landscape, but to the domination of human intervention over the landscape. Particularly, due to urban growth and sprawl, fragmentation, isolation and habitat loss in croplands have increased. This study sets forth the usefulness of remote sensing, GIS and landscape metrics in understanding how urban dynamics and ecosystems change in developing urban politics. 相似文献
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M. Munsi G. Areendran A. Ghosh P. K. Joshi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(3):441-452
Deforestation and degradation are important aspects of landscape dynamics and have global significance. Quantification of
landscape pattern using landscape metrics help in characterisation of landscapes and thus overall health of the forest cover.
Himalayan foothills are one of the most important and fragile landscapes. Developmental activities and depdendence on the
forest resources have altered the spatial pattern of these natural landscapes to a great extent. These changes in the landscape
were analysed using satellite data from 1990, 2001 and 2006. The vegetation type maps of Dehradun forest division were prepared
by supervised classification technique in order to study the landscape dynamics. Patch density, edge density, shape index,
cohesion index, interspersion and juxtaposition index, normalised entropy, and relative richness are some important landscape
metrics used in the study for quantifying the characteristics of landscape. The landscape metrics analysis and transformation
analysis show that the forested areas are getting degraded and physical connectedness between the patches have also decreased
making them isolated. The study demonstrates the importance of geospatial tools for monitoring the impact of disturbances
on the forest ecosystem health, which can further help in landscape management. 相似文献
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以大连市中山区6个街道建筑信息为数据基础,选取建筑景观指标,基于ArcGIS空间统计与多距离空间聚类分析方法研究了各街道10年间建筑景观空间格局分异特征。结果表明：从2003-2013年,各街道建筑景观逐渐由水平向垂直空间扩展,其中青泥洼桥街道、人民路街道及海军广场街道城市建筑景观变化明显突出;2003年4种类型建筑物在尺度为928.68 m时,空间分布上均呈聚集状态,当大于928.68 m时,超高层建筑空间聚集程度降低。到2013年,高层建筑物随尺度的增加聚集程度逐渐减低,低层、多层和超高层建筑在空间分布上均呈一定的聚集状态。 相似文献
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在景观图幅大小、景观类型数和景观各类型所占比例等与4类真实景观相同的基础上,采用中点位移(mid-point displacement,MPD)中性景观模型,通过设置等间隔变化的空间自相关参数生成10个梯度的中性模拟景观,应用景观指数分析了模拟景观对不同主题真实景观的模拟情况。结果表明,MPD中性景观模型在斑块数、分维数、聚集度等指数方面能够很好地模拟4个主题的真实景观;而在边界密度、散布与并列等指数方面,对4个主题景观的模拟效果不佳。MPD中性景观模型只能在某些方面较好地模拟真实景观,并不能对真实景观进行全面模拟。虽然主题不同,但MPD中性景观模型并未有效区分模拟效果好坏,只是指数重合参数范围不同。在指数表现方面,本研究中某些结果与前人研究结果有偏差,说明不同中性景观在景观格局不同方面的表现存在差异,在模型选取时需慎重。 相似文献
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This paper investigates the spatial heterogeneity of three landscapes along an altitudinal gradient and different human land use. The main aim was the identification of appropriate landscape indicators using different extents. ASTER image was used to create a land cover map consisting of three landscapes which differed in altitude and land use. A number of landscape metrics quantifying patch complexity, configuration, diversity and connectivity were derived from the thematic map at the landscape level. There were significant differences among the three landscapes regarding these four aspects of landscape heterogeneity. The analysis revealed a specific pattern of land use where lowlands are being increasingly utilized by humans (percentage of agricultural land = 65.84%) characterized by physical connectedness (high values of Patch Cohesion Index) and relatively simple geometries (low values of fractal dimension index). The landscape pattern of uplands was found to be highly diverse based upon the Shannon Diversity index. After selecting the scale (600 ha) where metrics values stabilized, it was shown that metrics were more correlated at the small scale of 60 ha. From the original 24 metrics, 14 individual metrics with high Spearman correlation coefficient and Variance Inflation Factor criterion were eliminated, leaving 10 representative metrics for subsequent analysis. Data reduction analysis showed that Patch Density, Area-Weighted Mean Fractal Dimension Index and Patch Cohesion Index are suitable to describe landscape patterns irrespective of the scale. A systematic screening of these metrics could enhance a deeper understanding of the results obtained by them and contribute to a sustainable landscape management of Mediterranean landscapes. 相似文献