共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Here, we present a new technique of noise effect attenuation in the 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data analysis using the 2D directional continuous wavelet transform (DCWT). The proposed technique is based on the application of a Gaussian low pass filter to the modulus of the 2D DCWT for low scales. After application of the low pass filter, maxima of the CWT are mapped for all range of scales. Application to a noisy GPR data shows that the proposed idea can improve GPR data analysis by the continuous wavelet transform. 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose a technique of random noise attenuation from seismic data using discrete and continuous wavelet transforms. Firstly, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied to denoise seismic data using the threshold method. After, we calculate the continuous wavelet transform of the denoised seismic seismogram, the final denoised seismic seismogram is the continuous wavelet transform coefficients at the lower scale. Application to a synthetic seismogram shows the robustness of the proposed tool for random noise attenuation. Application to real vertical seismic profile recorded in Algeria clearly shows the efficiency of the proposed tool for random noise attenuation. 相似文献
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B. Oskooi S. Parnow M. Smirnov R. Varfinezhad M. Yari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):677
Random noise in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data affects the signal-to-noise ratio, blurs the details, and complicates reconnaissance of the useful information. Many methods with different advantages and disadvantages have been proposed to eliminate or weaken the random noise. We have reviewed basic principles of various signal processing techniques including the curvelet transform (CT), non-local mean (NLM), median, and mean filters to remove the random noise and compared their performances using synthetic and actual GPR data. The performances of the four filters were analyzed on synthetic GPR data both in time and frequency domains. On noisy synthetic data, results indicate that the CT filter performs better than NLM, mean, and median filters at attenuating random noise and improving S/N of the GPR data. On the real data, the performance of only the NLM and CT filters was investigated. Comparing the results clearly shows the CT filter robustness for the random noise attenuation and simultaneously its signal preservation. 相似文献
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以3种前人所提出的重磁边界识别方法与笔者提出的归一化偏差法作为技术手段(其中归一化偏差法对于数据噪声有着较好的抵抗力)能够较为准确全面地识别边界位置.在分析对比方法原理及应用特性的基础上,通过理论模型试验证明了方法的可靠性和实用性;并针对断裂和地质体边界深部倾向问题,开展了多方法联合及多尺度识别手段试验,获取了更多地质构造及边界的信息.通过将该技术应用于克拉玛依后山地区实际资料的处理解释之中,获得了研究区域内剖面与平面上的断裂和岩体的位置分布及它们的深部倾向信息,并对主要断裂与岩体三维空间特征进行了描述,为该地区三维地质填图和三维地质模型构建提供了重要依据. 相似文献
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向下延拓是重磁数据处理的常用手段,能有效地区分叠加异常、增强浅部异常,但现有向下延拓算法的计算大多是不稳定的,且易受噪声的干扰,往往造成异常形态的畸变.提出一种基于水平导数和向上延拓联合迭代的向下延拓算法,由于向上延拓和水平导数的计算是稳定的,因此该向下延拓方法可有效地增强结果的准确性和稳定性.理论模型试验表明该方法的向下延拓结果比Fourier变换计算结果更加稳定、准确,且受噪音干扰小.将该方法应用于实际数据的处理,结果显示该方法能稳定和准确地完成异常的向下延拓任务,且有效地增强了浅部局部异常. 相似文献
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Teti Zubaidah M. Korte M. Mandea Y. Quesnel B. Kanata 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(5):1123-1132
During the last years, several investigations on the earthquakes and related tectonic structures along the Java Trench have
been conducted. In this study, we focus on the Lombok Island—West Nusa Tenggara (Indonesia), which lies between the centres
of the highest intensity of contiguous negative–positive geomagnetic anomalies in this region. The geological and tectonic
structures, however, are not known in detail for this island, whereas a better knowledge of these conditions could lead to
better estimate the potential earthquake risks and thus a possible improvement of the existing early warning system. We have
performed a ground-based geomagnetic survey at 56 stations in the Lombok Island during October–November 2006 for a detailed
mapping and interpretation of geomagnetic anomalies related to the geological and tectonic characteristics. The 2D and 3D
magnetic maps show a general geomagnetic anomaly pattern in the Lombok Island which consists of repeated contiguous negative–positive
anomalies. Two forward models have been proposed for a profile connecting a strongest apparent dipolar structure. The first
model assumes a uniformly magnetized sphere as the source of the anomaly, and could be interpreted as a specific local structure
composed by a quite large magnetic body. The second model considers several rocks with different susceptibilities and magnetizations,
and could be interpreted as a discontinuity in the geological structures. This model agrees with the local geological surface
conditions and the known large scale regional tectonic structure. Therefore, it is used to interpret our results in terms
of tectonic characteristics, which suggests the potential existence of a new tectonic element (e.g. a local normal fault)
in this region. 相似文献
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A new approach is developed to determine the model parameters of a two-dimensional inclined sheet from self-potential anomaly. In this method, the numerical horizontal self-potential gradient obtained from self-potential anomaly is convolved using Hilbert transform to obtain the vertical self-potential gradient. The complex gradient is the sum of horizontal and vertical gradient anomalies. The horizontal and vertical gradients are plotted in one graph to form the complex gradient graph. By defining few characteristic points and distances along the complex gradient profile, procedures are then formulated using the analytical functions of the complex gradients to obtain the model parameters of sheet-like structures. The validity of the new proposed method has been tested on synthetic data with and without random noise. The obtained parameters are in congruence with the model parameters when using noise-free synthetic data. After adding 10% random error in the synthetic data, the maximum error in model parameters is 11.8%. Moreover, the method have been applied to analyze and interpret the self-potential anomaly measured on a graphite ore body at southern Bavarian woods, Germany to prove its efficiency where an acceptable agreement has been noticed between the obtained results and the other published results. 相似文献
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小波分解层数的合理选择是水文序列小波分析结果的重要影响因素。在详细分析和定量描述不同类型噪声的能量分布规律的基础上,依据水文序列中确定成分和噪声成分的能量分布规律的差异,提出了一个小波分解层数选择方法。通过对不同类型模拟序列和不同特性实测水文序列进行分析,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。结果表明:序列组成、噪声含量等因素对小波分解层数的选择结果有较大影响,但噪声类型对小波分解层数选择结果影响较小;应用该方法确定小波分解层数的同时,还可以有效地识别和区分各层上是确定成分或是噪声成分,进而可为序列模拟预测提供依据。由于所提方法基于水文序列不同成分变化特性的差异建立,因此有较好的物理依据且分析结果合理可靠。 相似文献
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In this paper, we present a method for attenuating background random noise and enhancing resolution of seismic data, which takes advantage of semi-automatic training of feed forward back propagation (FFBP) artificial neural network (ANN) in a multiscale domain obtained from wavelet packet analysis (WPA). The images of approximations and details of the input seismic sections are calculated and utilized to train neural network to model coherent events by an automatic algorithm. After the modeling of coherent events, the remainder data are assumed to be related to background random noise. The proposed method is applied on both synthetic and real seismic data. The results are compared with that of the adaptive Wiener filter (AWF) in synthetic shot gather and real common midpoint gather and also with that of band-pass filtering on real common offset gather. The comparison indicates substantially higher efficiency of the proposed method in attenuating random noise and enhancing seismic signals. 相似文献
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多道面波分析技术在近地表勘探领域有着广泛应用,准确的提取频散曲线成为面波勘探成像的关键。文章介绍了一种新的地震背景噪声互相关面波频散成像方法——拓距相移法。该方法在传统相移法的基础上,利用阵内相移对小孔径范围的面波中高频信号进行提取,并利用阵外相移对大孔径范围的面波中低频信号进行提取,然后将两部分频散曲线融合从而得到更宽频带的面波频散曲线用于地下速度结构的反演。该方法在保证对近地表结构进行较高分辨率成像的同时,大大增加对深部结构的有效约束。2019年9月到10月期间,作者在湖南沃溪布设了8条密集测线,进行了1个月的地震背景噪声数据采集,并利用上述拓距相移法提取了0.1~2 s的瑞利面波宽频带相速度频散曲线。通过初步反演其中3条测线的背景噪声数据,获得了该矿区深度2.5 km以浅的地震横波速度结构。经与已知地质资料比对,160测线的地震横波速度反演结果与断层、岩性分界面及矿脉有着较好的对应关系,表明获得的沃溪矿区地震横波速度结构较好地反映了控矿构造、岩性分界以及矿体的分布位置等信息,为该区中—深部找矿提供了重要依据。该研究利用实际数据检验了拓距相移法的有效性,为今后深部找矿提供了一个有效的高精度成像方法。 相似文献
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提高地震数据的信噪比是地震资料处理的重要目标之一。传统的地震去噪方法虽然可以有效压制随机噪声,但对非高斯分布的异常值噪声压制效果欠佳。本研究展示了一种基于稳健主成分分析的地震数据异常值噪声压制方法。该方法在频率-空间域通过对地震数据实施稳健低秩近似来求取理想无噪声数据。在目标函数构建方面,采用核范数最小化模型求取理想的低秩近似数据,并使用l1范数最小化模型来估计异常值噪声。此外,运用增广拉格朗日乘子法求解该反演问题。最后,模型数据和实际资料的去噪结果验证了本研究方法的有效性,与传统F-XY域预测滤波法去噪结果进行对比,也显示本研究方法在有效压制异常值噪声的同时能更好地保护有效波能量。 相似文献
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针对现有深度学习水文模型未能充分刻画气象要素空间特征的问题, 本文基于主成分分析(PCA)方法提取气象要素空间特征, 利用长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM)学习长时序过程规律, 构建融合气象要素时空特性的深度学习水文模型PCA-LSTM。以黄河源区为研究区域, 利用LSTM模型和物理水文模型THREW作为比对模型, 基于高斯噪音法系统评估PCA-LSTM模型的适用性和鲁棒性。结果显示: PCA-LSTM模型径流模拟纳什效率系数为0.92, 高于比对模型LSTM和THREW, 表明模型具有较高的精度。研究结果可为流域高精度水文模拟提供参考。 相似文献
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在基于钻孔数据进行三维地层建模方法中,钻孔样本间地层层序不一致导致建模时难以确定各地层的拓扑关系,快速准确地确定各地层层序和充分利用钻孔数据是建模的关键难点之一。拟通过综合考虑区域内所有钻孔数据,基于地质解释方法理论,以地层出现次数频率高原则进行全自动确定地层层序。首次引入子钻孔递归思想,利用表面建模方法,自下而上逐层创建三维地层模型,可确保钻孔数据不丢失且准确地应用于地层建模中,并能适应地层尖灭、地层超覆、透镜体等复杂地质构造。该方法地学意义明确,具有鲁棒性好、运行效率高及可操作性强等特点,算法已在同济曙光软件中实现,并已在多个实际地质建模工程中得到了验证。研究结果表明,该算法能充分利用已有钻孔信息,建模过程全自动完成,对复杂地层建模亦具有较强的适应性。 相似文献
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Identification of sharp and discontinuous lithological boundaries from well log signal stemming from heterogeneous subsurface structures assumes a special significance in geo-exploration studies. Well log data acquired from various geological settings generally display nonstationary/nonlinear characteristics with varying wavelengths and frequencies. Modelling of such complex well-log signals using the conventional signal processing techniques either fails to catch-up abrupt boundaries or at the best, do not provide precise information on insidious lithological discontinuities. In this paper, we have proposed a new wavelet transform-based algorithm to model the abrupt discontinuous changes from well log data by taking care of nonstationary characteristics of the signal. Prior to applying the algorithm on the geophysical well data, we analyzed the distribution of wavelet coefficients using synthetic signal generated by the first order nonstationary auto-regressive model and then applied the method on actual well log dataset obtained from the KTB bore hole, Germany. Besides identifying the formation of layered boundaries, the underlying method also maps some additional formation boundaries, which were hitherto undetected at the KTB site. The results match well with known geological lithostratigraphy and will be useful for constraining the future model of KTB bore hole data. 相似文献
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在对化探数据的处理时,常伴有噪声的干扰.怎么样把原始数据中的干扰去掉,而保留数据中的真实信息,就成为迫切需要解决的问题.本文旨在引入由仿生物免疫系统而衍生出的人工免疫方法来对化探数据进行降噪,以达到优化数据,提高异常圈定准确度的目的.通过对藏东某地Ag的化探数据处理,验证了该方法的优越性. 相似文献
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Mats Lundh Gulbrandsen Knud Skou Cordua Torben Bach Thomas Mejer Hansen 《Computational Geosciences》2017,21(3):427-440
A method that infers a statistical model, which describes a relation between the knowledge of a geologist (quantified by geological interpretations) and the available information (such as geophysical data, well log data, etc.) that a geologist uses when he/she interprets is proposed and tested. The statistical model is then used to perform automatic geological interpretations wherever the same kinds of information, as used for the initial interpretations, are available. This methodology is named Smart Interpretation (SI). In this study, we look at two different approaches to infer such a model, and we demonstrate the applicability of the model to predict the depth to a low resistivity subsurface layer, based on interpretations from a geological expert, using a 19-layered resistivity model obtained from inversion of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data. This study shows that SI is capable of making predictions with great accuracy. The method is fast and is able to handle large amounts of data of different origin, which suggest that the method may become a very useful approach to assist in geological modeling based on increasingly large amounts of data of different nature. 相似文献