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1.
3C454.3是近几年引起广泛注意的一个强活动射电类星体,它有毫角秒尺度的核——喷流结构,其核在1981年的一次流量密度大爆发之后,显示出“超光速增亮”现象,在6厘米波长,用包括欧洲、美国及南非的9个射电望远镜,于1983年10月对3C454.3进行了甚长基线干涉网观测。观测结果除了证实其核——喷流结构,显示了从毫角秒到角秒尺度上该类星体结构的系统弯曲外,还清楚地揭示了“超光速增亮”所预期的,在1981年8月到1983年1月期间,核的超光速膨胀现象。 相似文献
2.
长时间以来被看作是典型致密双源之一的类星体４Ｃ ３９．２５,其主要成分显示坦谱,且具有特殊的视超光速结构变化,根据在１８厘米波长新的ＶＬＢＩ及ＭＥＲＬＩＮ观测,可以认为该源是一个核－喷流类星体。喷流在毫角秒尺度上旋转了大约９０度,并最终向７９度的方向角延伸,喷流中包含了几个“节”及在其终点的一个热斑。预期在更高频率的亚毫角秒观测可以证实这样的结构,并对其核本身在１８厘米,甚至６厘米波长都几乎是不可 相似文献
3.
吴盛殷 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1999,(1)
长时间以来被看作是典型致密双源之一的类星体４Ｃ３９．２５,其主要成分显示坦谱,且具有特殊的视超光速结构变化。根据在１８厘米波长新的ＶＬＢＩ及ＭＥＲＬＩＮ观测,可以认为该源是一个核－喷流类星体．喷流在毫角秒尺度上旋转了大约９０度,并是终向７９度的方向角延伸,喷流中包含了几个“节”及在其终点的一个热斑。预期在更高频率的亚毫角秒观测可以证实这样的结构,并对其核本身在１８厘米,甚至６厘米波长都几乎是不可见的作出解释． 相似文献
4.
具有毫角秒量级射电结构的类星体4C39.25是诸类星体中比较引人注目的一个。自七十年代以来,人们已在2、2.8、3.6和6cm上对该类星体的精细结构进行了充分的研究,证实了它内部有两个子源,相距为2毫角秒。1979—1982年,D.B.Shaffer在2.8和3.6cm波长上对该源进行了观测和研究,结 相似文献
5.
由５ＧＨｚ和１．６６ＧＨｚ的ＶＬＢＩ全球阵观测，我们获得类星体３Ｃ２８６在该两频率上的高动态范围的毫角秒尺度的图像和谱指数在结构中的分布状况。从谱指数，我们无法判断该源中央两个子源中哪一个真正的核。我们排队３Ｃ２８６的结构是由引力透镜所形成的像的可能性。也许在该源的中央存在两个黑洞，即两个中央“引擎”，每一个有它自己的、向不同方向延伸的喷流。 相似文献
6.
根据对河外射电源3C454.3第二历元327MHz的VLBI观测数据的多分量模型拟合，得到该源5个分量的模型拟合结构。该结构的尺度从几百毫角秒延伸到几个角秒。与Merlin的观测结果比较，有迹象表明存在一个新的分量C4。 相似文献
7.
使用全球ＶＬＢＩ网在１．３ ｃｍ波段对三颗类星体０４２０－０１４、０７４８＋１２６和２２５１＋１５８（３Ｃ ４５４．３）进行了观测,获得了这三个类星体的亚毫角秒分辨率的混杂图,给出了类星体核区内的亮度分布．通过用高斯模型对观测数据进行拟合,得到了组成它们的各个子源的参数．类星体２２５１＋１５８呈现出核－喷流结构,核区沿着ＰＡ～－１３０°方向拉长,喷流呈弯曲状．１９９２．９历元的观测展现了２２５１＋１５８处于一次大爆发,并伴随一系列相继出现的小爆发的情景．最强子源的积分流量密度为 ４．１１Ｊｙ（占探测到的总流量的 ６７％）,主要集中在０．１６ × ０．０１ ｍａｓ的区域内,可能由于多普勒增亮效应造成高达２．６×１０１２的亮温度． 相似文献
8.
高频VLBI观测揭示出河外射电源在pc或者亚pc尺度上大都有核-喷流的内部结构。尤其是对平谱致密射电源中毫角秒尺度的子源，能以相当高的概率观测到它的视超光速现象。多频观测可监测到一些新喷流子源的出现，特别在射电激变源中这些新喷流子源的出现与宽带内(从光学到γ射线)的爆发相关。且得到的一些源的核区谱指数分布，为确认源的VLBI核提供了支持。 相似文献
9.
10.
高频VLBI观测揭示出河外射电源在pc或者亚pc尺度上大都有核-喷流的内部结构，尤其是对平谱致密射电源中毫角秒尺度的子源，能以相当高的概率观测到它的视超光速现象。多频观测可监测到一些新喷流子源的出现，特别在射电激变源中这些新喷流子源的出现与宽带内（从光学到γ射线）的爆发相关。且得到的一些源的核区谱指数分布，为确认源的VLBI核提供了支持。 相似文献
11.
E. Brannigan M. Takami A. Chrysostomou J. Bailey 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,367(1):315-322
We demonstrate that artificial bipolar structure can be detected using spectro-astrometry when the point spread function (PSF) of a point source suffers distortion in a relatively wide slit. Spectro-astrometry is a technique which allows us to probe the spatial structure of astronomical sources on milliarcsec (mas) scales making it possible to detect close binaries and to study the geometry and kinematics of outflowing gas on scales much smaller than the seeing or the diffraction limit of the telescope. It is demonstrated that a distorted PSF, caused by tracking errors of the telescope or unstable active optics during an exposure, can induce artificial signals which may be misinterpreted as a real spectro-astrometric signal. Using simulations, we show that these may be minimized by using a narrow slit relative to the seeing. Spectra should be obtained at antiparallel slit position angles (e.g. 0° and 180°) for comparison in order to allow artificial signatures to be identified. 相似文献
12.
R. Nartallo W. K. Gear A. G. Murray E. I. Robson & J. H. Hough 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,297(3):667-686
We present the results of the first survey and monitoring study of the linear polarization properties of compact, flat-spectrum radio sources at mm/submm wavelengths and discuss the implications of the inferred magnetic field structure for the emission models involving shock waves in relativistic jets on subparsec scales. We find significant polarization in most sources but, in general, the magnetic field on subparsec scales is less well ordered than on parsec scales. We observe no difference in polarization properties between the BL Lac objects and compact flat-spectrum quasars at these wavelengths. Although we find the behaviour of some sources, particularly the most highly polarized, to be very consistent with the predictions of transverse shock-in-jet models, the detailed behaviour of most objects is not. Conical shock structures can more readily explain the observed diverse behaviour of the sample, although some degree of bending of the jet may still be necessary in some cases. 相似文献
13.
We report on initial observations of coronal holestructure and evolution by the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) instrument
on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The data show that there is coronal activity on time scales of tens
of minutes, manifested as brightenings at chromospheric network cell junctions in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths. There
are also significant differences in structure seen in different wavelengths in coronal holes. Finally, we show coronal hole
EUV spectra and compare them to quiet-Sun spectra, also taken by CDS. 相似文献
14.
E. Lu¨dke S. T. Garrington R. E. Spencer C. E. Akujor T. W. B. Muxlow H. S. Sanghera & C. Fanti 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,299(2):467-478
We present polarization observations of 28 compact steep-spectrum sources made with the upgraded MERLIN at 5 GHz. With an angular resolution of 60 milliarcsec and rms noise levels of about 0.1 mJy beam−1 , the total intensity images reveal new details in many of these sources. A few of the more extended lobes and jets are quite highly polarized, but more than half of the components are completely unpolarized. Comparison with published data implies that this is due to Faraday depolarization, probably occurring in the surrounding medium with nB ∼ 1 cm−3μ G. The high resolution of the present observations implies that the variations in Faraday rotation, probably due to magnetic field tangling, occur on scales of less than about 100 pc. 相似文献
15.
Richard G. McMahon Robert S. Priddey Alain Omont Ignas Snellen Stafford Withington 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,309(1):L1-L5
We present polarization observations of the gravitational lens system B1422+231 made at 8.4 GHz using the VLBA and the 100-m telescope at Effelsberg. All four images of the quasar show structure on the milliarcsec scale. The three bright images show tangential stretching as expected from lens models. Some basic properties of gravitational lensing are exhibited by this system. The surface brightness of images A and B are the same and the parity reversal expected in image B is revealed, for the first time, by polarization observations. There is a large differential Faraday rotation between images A and B. 相似文献
16.
Solar radio emission provides valuable information on the structure and dynamics of the solar atmosphere above the temperature
minimum. We review the background and most recent observational and theoretical results on the quiet Sun and active region
studies, covering the entire radio range from millimeter to decameter wavelengths. We examine small- and large-scale structures,
at short and long time scales, as well as synoptic aspects. Open questions and challenges for the future are also identified. 相似文献
17.
Ch. Leinert U. Graser F. Przygodda L.B.F.M. Waters G. Perrin W. Jaffe B. Lopez E.J. Bakker A. Böhm O. Chesneau W.D. Cotton S. Damstra J. de Jong A.W. Glazenborg-Kluttig B. Grimm H. Hanenburg W. Laun R. Lenzen S. Ligori R.J. Mathar J. Meisner S. Morel W. Morr U. Neumann J.-W. Pel P. Schuller R.-R. Rohloff B. Stecklum C. Storz O. von der Lühe K. Wagner 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,286(1-2):73-83
After more than five years of preparation, the mid-infrared interferometric instrument MIDI has been transported to Paranal
where it will undergo testing and commissioning on theVery Large Telescope Interferometer VLTI from the end of 2002through
large part of this year 2003. Thereafter it will be available as a user instrument to perform interferometric observations
over the8 μm–13 μm wavelength range, with a spatial resolution of typically 20 milliarcsec, a spectral resolution of up to
250, and an anticipated point source sensitivity of N = 3–4 mag or 1–2.5 Jy for self –fringe tracking, which will be the only
observing mode during the first months of operation. We describe the layout of the instrument, laboratory tests, and expected
performance, both for broadband and spectrally resolved observing modes. We also briefly outline the planned guaranteed time
observations.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
S. Régnier 《Solar physics》2013,288(2):481-505
The solar atmosphere being magnetic in nature, the understanding of the structure and evolution of the magnetic field in different regions of the solar atmosphere has been an important task over the past decades. This task has been made complicated by the difficulties to measure the magnetic field in the corona, while it is currently known with a good accuracy in the photosphere and/or chromosphere. Thus, to determine the coronal magnetic field, a mathematical method has been developed based on the observed magnetic field. This is the so-called magnetic field extrapolation technique. This technique relies on two crucial points: i) the physical assumption leading to the system of differential equations to be solved, ii) the choice and quality of the associated boundary conditions. In this review, I summarise the physical assumptions currently in use and the findings at different scales in the solar atmosphere. I concentrate the discussion on the extrapolation techniques applied to solar magnetic data and the comparison with observations in a broad range of wavelengths (from hard X-rays to radio emission). 相似文献
19.
M. Simon 《Solar physics》1971,21(2):297-304
High resolution observations of the Sun at 3.3 mm, 3.5 mm, 1.35 cm, and 1.95 cm which were obtained by tracking narrow beam width antennas on the lunar limb as it occulted the Sun are described. The observations indicate that: (1) the region emitting at these wavelengths is very irregular with typical length scales smaller than one half minute of arc, (2) the number of roughness elements responsible for the irregular structure is small within an area of one half minute of arc square, and (3) the roughness elements observed at wavelengths greater than 1 cm extend to 109 cm beyond the optical limb. 相似文献
20.
We present the results of microlens ray-tracing simulations showing the effect of absorbing material between a source quasar and a lensing galaxy in a gravitational lens system. We find that, in addition to brightness fluctuations due to microlensing, the strength of the absorption line relative to the continuum varies with time, with the properties of the variations depending on the structure of the absorbing material. We conclude that such variations will be measurable via ultraviolet spectroscopy of image A of the gravitationally lensed quasar Q2237+0305 if the Lyman α clouds between the quasar and the lensing galaxy possess structure on scales smaller than ∼0.1 pc. The time-scale for the variations is on the order of years to decades, although very short-term variability can occur. While the Lyman α lines may not be accessible at all wavelengths, this approach is applicable to any absorption system, including metal lines. 相似文献