共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 500 毫秒
1.
大型振动台试验方法可真实有效地模拟地震作用,是近年来研究边坡地震动响应特性的常用方法,被学者们广泛用于模拟研究各类支护结构加固的边坡工程中.通过综述学者们有关边坡大型振动台模型试验的相关文献,对其研究方法、研究对象及主要结论进行了分类评述.最后,通过分析目前岩质边坡大型振动台物理模拟试验研究中存在的问题,指明了今后的研究方向,为深入认识地震作用下岩质边坡的动力响应特性、变形破坏规律及支护结构与岩土体动力耦合作用机理奠定了基础,具有重要的理论意义和工程价值. 相似文献
2.
3.
Hamid Reza Tabatabaiefar 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2017,12(1):28-35
In this study, a synthetic soil mixture has been developed and proposed for experimental soil-structure interaction shaking table tests on building frames with shallow foundations resting on soft soil deposits. The proposed mix provides adequate undrained shear strength to mobilise the required shallow foundation bearing capacity underneath the structural model while meeting both criteria of dynamic similarity between the model and the prototype to model soft soils in shaking table tests. To find the most appropriate mixture, different mixes with different proportions of mix components were examined in the soils laboratory. Performing bender element tests, the shear wave velocity of the soil specimens was acquired at different cure ages and the results were examined and compared. Based on the test results, a synthetic clay mixture consisting of kaolinite clay, bentonite, fly ash, lime and water has been proposed for experimental shaking table tests. 相似文献
4.
为满足不同场地条件下岩土工程振动台试验的需求,在总结国内外振动台试验土箱经验的基础上,研制了刚度可调的层状多向剪切模型箱。该剪切箱由系列空心环形钢框架堆叠而成,层间由滚珠和螺杆相连,高度可根据试验工况改变,通过调节螺杆的刚度、数量和排列方式等,实现其刚度变化。利用ABAQUS软件分析得出各种组合模型箱的特征频率,验证了箱体刚度可调的特性。运用该模型箱开展了自由场振动台试验,分析了不同高度、距箱侧壁不同距离处观测点的加速度时程及其相应反应谱,并采用2-范数偏差指数对边界效应进行量化。结果表明,新研制的层状剪切箱无明显的边界效应,能较好地实现自由场地在平面内的动力响应。 相似文献
5.
针对洞口段均质围岩仰坡、含软弱夹层仰坡和桁架梁加固仰坡围岩3种工况,开展大型振动台模型试验,分析隧道洞口段仰坡模型土破坏形态。试验结果表明,均质边坡洞口段模型土在动力作用下坡肩土体先出现张拉裂缝,随着激振加速度增加,坡肩土体局部出现倾倒崩塌,最后沿坡面滑落堆积;含软弱夹层边坡在地震力作用下,仰坡坡脚部位土体挤压破碎,坡顶表面沿软弱夹层位置出现张拉裂缝,上覆土体沿软弱夹层滑动,最后土体大规模崩塌、滑落;洞口段加固边坡在动力作用下基本保持整体稳定,只部分梁格出现了局部的掉块,模型土顶部出现沿隧道轴向的细微裂缝。分析了隧道洞口段衬砌结构破坏形态,试验结果表明均质边坡洞口段AB两段衬砌模型裂缝分布较CD段复杂,认为洞口段地震影响深度为AB两段衬砌的长度,对应于实际工程中40 m;受软弱夹层影响,跨软弱夹层部衬砌模型裂缝形态较复杂;仰坡加固后,洞口段衬砌模型受力改善。研究结果可为山岭隧道洞口段边坡抗减震研究和设计提供参考。 相似文献
6.
液化场地桩基桥梁震害响应大型振动台模型试验研究 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
采用大型振动台进行液化场地桩基桥梁震害响应模型试验,很好再现了自然地震触发场地液化及结构破坏的各种宏观现象。0.15gEl Centro波输入下,上部砂层局部液化,桩-柱墩加速度主要表现为低频反应,桩动应变幅值自下而上很快增大、到达地表则大幅度减小。0.5gEl Centro波输入下,整个砂层全部液化,桩被折断且加速度也主要表现为低频反应,桩动应变幅值自下而上很快增大、到达地表则大幅度减小。砂层液化与否,对桩-柱墩动力反应影响很大。 相似文献
7.
本文通过大型振动台试验,对硬岩顺层、反倾和软岩顺层、反倾4类结构岩体边坡的地震动力响应的频谱特性进行了分析。实验结果表明:传递至坡肩的振动信号,是一个包含了斜坡本身材料和结构特征的复杂信号集合。对这一信号的傅里叶频谱进行分析获得的特征信息,与斜坡本身的结构特性吻合,说明在振动台试验中采用这一方法对斜坡结构进行研究是可行的。在本次试验中,当不同频率的垂直向震动施加于边坡时,坡肩衍生振动频率的幅值呈现了明显的反倾高于顺层,硬岩高于软岩的特性;而水平震动施加于边坡时,则硬岩顺层,软岩反倾斜坡具有更高的幅值,频率也更集中于特定的卓越频段,而硬岩反倾和软岩顺层斜坡的水平震动响应则相对不显著。另外,硬岩顺层斜坡对震动的响应表现比软岩顺层明显,而软岩反倾的反应比硬岩反倾明显。当施加垂直向天然波信号时,顺层斜坡的傅里叶频谱图像与台面波形基本保持一致,而反倾斜坡表现为对特定频率段的幅值放大更加显著。水平向加载天然波信号时各个斜坡呈现了更多的一致性,表明此工况下坡体结构与岩性的影响则明显较不显著。 相似文献
8.
土-结构-流体动力相互作用的实时耦联动力试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对振动台试验中无限地基难以模拟和数值分析中流-固耦合作用难以计算两个难题,将最近发展的实时耦联动力试验方法引入土-结构-流体动力相互作用问题的研究。以一个渡槽结构为例,其中渡槽-水体作为物理子结构,采用振动台进行物理试验,而无限地基作为数值子结构,采用集总参数模型进行数值模拟。两个子结构之间实时交换数据,联合评估整个耦合体系的动力响应。试验结果和有限元数值模拟结果吻合良好,表明该试验方法具有较高精度。对不同特性地基土进行的试验对比分析结果表明：对于软土地基,考虑土-结构相互作用(SSI)的结构反应幅值明显减小,周期延长;随着地基土变硬,SSI效应逐渐变弱,结构反应最终收敛至刚性地基解。 相似文献
9.
作为地铁车站结构地震破坏机制大型振动台系列模型试验之一,开展了近、远场强地震动作用下软弱粉质黏土场地框架式地铁车站结构体系的大型振动台模型试验。测试分析了模型地基的加速度、孔压、地表震陷和模型结构的加速度、应变、水平位移反应等。结果表明：地震波在模型地基的传播过程中呈现出自下而上低频增大、高频减小的现象;强地震动作用下模型地基的基频明显降低,呈现出明显的低频聚集（放大）、高频滤波效应;模型地基的孔压比增长较小,在不同特性地震动作用下模型地基孔压比的发展过程存在较大的差异,并显示出显著的空间效应;近、远场地震动作用下模型地下结构的加速度反应存在明显差异,模型地下结构对软土地基地震动加速度反应的影响具有显著的空间效应;模型地下结构相对变形小、未出现明显上浮现象,地震动频谱特性对其侧墙的变形模式和大小存在显著的影响;模型结构中柱为地震损伤最严重部位;模型结构整体损伤情况较轻、处于非破坏状态。 相似文献
10.
Xueliang Jiang Feifei Wang Hui Yang Guangchen Sun Jiayong Niu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(4):2037-2055
A series of shaking table tests were designed and carried out to study the seismic behaviors of a shallow-buried small spacing tunnel with asymmetrical pressure. The key details to shaking table model test, including test equipment, model similarity relation, similarity constant, model box, physical model, layout of transducers, seismic waves, and loading system were presented. The numerical simulation of the shaking table test was also carried out by using a finite element simulation software. The results show that: (1) the Fourier spectrums in the vertical direction and horizontal direction are different at the same measuring point. The structure of tunnel transforms the Fourier spectrum of horizontal direction. (2) The stability of middle rock pillar is poor under seismic wave action. The anchor plays an important role in strengthening the stability of middle rock pillar. The dynamic strain of anchor has accumulative effect. (3) The numerical simulation results are in significant agreement with the shaking table test results. (4) Compared with type of seismic wave, peak seismic wave has a significant effect on acceleration response of tunnel. The peak acceleration response of the tunnel is linear with the peak seismic wave, in the horizontal direction. The peak acceleration response is nonlinear in the vertical direction. (5) The axial force of cross section at arch foot is larger than other position. The shock absorption effect of 10 cm seismic isolation layer is better than 5 and 20 cm. 相似文献
11.
The role of the seismic soil–pile–structure interaction (SSPSI) is usually considered beneficial to the structural system under seismic loading since it lengthens the lateral fundamental period and leads to higher damping of the system in comparison with the fixed-base assumption. Lessons learned from recent earthquakes show that fixed-base assumption could be misleading, and neglecting the influence of SSPSI could lead to unsafe design particularly for structures founded on soft soils. In this study, in order to better understand the SSPSI phenomena, a series of shaking table tests have been conducted for three different cases, namely: (i) fixed-base structure representing the situation excluding the soil–structure interaction; (ii) structure supported by shallow foundation on soft soil; and (iii) structure supported by floating (frictional) pile foundation in soft soil. A laminar soil container has been designed and constructed to simulate the free field soil response by minimising boundary effects during shaking table tests. In addition, a fully nonlinear three dimensional numerical model employing FLAC3D has been adopted to perform time-history analysis on the mentioned three cases. The numerical model adopts hysteretic damping algorithm representing the variation of the shear modulus and damping ratio of the soil with the cyclic shear strain capturing the energy absorbing characteristics of the soil. Results are presented in terms of the structural response parameters most significant for the damage such as foundation rocking, base shear, floor deformation, and inter-storey drifts. Comparison of the numerical predictions and the experimental data shows a good agreement confirming the reliability of the numerical model. Both experimental and numerical results indicate that soil–structure interaction amplifies the lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts of the structures supported by floating pile foundations in comparison to the fixed base structures. However, the floating pile foundations contribute to the reduction in the lateral displacements in comparison to the shallow foundation case, due to the reduced rocking components. 相似文献
12.
废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙是一种有效利用废旧轮胎的理想途径,但直立的模块式废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙不能承受高强度的地震作用,因而提出格栅条带式加筋的方法提高其抗震性能。根据土-结构动力相似体系,设计格栅条带式加筋废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙振动台试验模型,考虑地震强度、地震波、格栅加筋长度、格栅加筋间距以及墙面坡度的影响,分析胎面墙体与回填料加速度、墙体侧向位移、墙顶表面回填料沉降以及墙背动土压力等地震响应特征,并与无加筋的废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙的振动台模型试验进行对比。研究结果表明:格栅条带式加筋胎面挡土墙的方式显著改善了无加筋状态的胎面挡土墙的地震响应特征,提高了胎面挡土墙的抗震性能,格栅条带式加筋直立式废旧轮胎胎面挡土墙可以作为理想的墙体进行工程推广应用。 相似文献
13.
土结构动力相互作用影响的TMD控制研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对均质剪切梁—埋置刚性基础—粘弹性半空间模型应用子结构方法, 对垂直入射 SH 波, 导出了调频质量阻尼器( TMD)控制时结构反应的解析解。 通过设置 TMD 将上行波完全吸收, 实现对结构的控制, 由此得到 TMD 参数的频率依赖性。 进而选择确定的TMD 参数, 控制相互作用体系的第一振型。 通过算例, 对无控、全控和主控三种工况下的结构反应及控制效果进行了比较分析。 相似文献
14.
A pneumatic shaking table and its application to a liquefaction test on saturated sand 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The shaking tables that are used in earthquake engineering are normally driven by hydraulic actuators, which require high maintenance and operation costs. In some studies, when it is only desirable to conduct small-scaled model tests, a pneumatic shaking table can be considered as an alternative to a hydraulic shaking table. This paper describes the design, development, calibration, and performance of a pneumatic shaking table system. It was proved that the pneumatic shaking table can offer satisfactory performances. Using the pneumatic shaking table, a liquefaction test on saturated sand was conducted. During liquefaction, both the stiffness and acceleration response of the ground greatly decreased. In comparison to the sharp increase in excess pore water pressure (EPWP) when liquefaction started, the dissipation process lasted for a much longer time period. 相似文献
15.
针对目前土层反应分析方法难以模拟液化土层地震动时程的缺欠,在工程力学研究所原有有效应力分析程序基础上提出了一个改进的计算方法并进行了验证。改进方法中,通过每个应力循环模拟土的非线性进程以及液化导致的土刚度衰减过程,并引入了新建立的适于非均等固结随机地震荷载作用下的孔压增长模型。将计算方法与实际地震记录及大型振动台实验结果进行了对比,结果表明：在峰值加速度、液化后波形变化、时频曲线及加速度反应谱等主要特征上,计算结果均与现场实际记录及振动台实验基本一致;在液化引起地震动特征变化上,计算出的液化较非液化土层加速度反应谱的增量与实验结果一致。说明所提出的改进方法可以用于液化土层地震动的模拟。 相似文献
16.
顺倾层状边坡沿软弱带剪切方式破坏是滑坡的主要类型之一。采用块体砌筑斜坡振动台模型,在多维多参数地震动作用下,考虑斜坡不同工况下力学参数弱化的过程,研究了层状碎裂结构岩质边坡的地震动力响应和失稳破坏模式。结果表明：斜坡地震动特性和斜坡地质结构是决定斜坡地震动力稳定性以及破坏模式的决定因素;斜坡水平动力响应具有明显的高程和坡表放大效应,高程对斜坡的垂直动力响应影响较小,地震动放大效应与结构面力学强度、地震波波形、频谱特性等均有一定的关系,正弦波较天然波对坡体放大效应影响更为显著;坡体裂纹依托优势结构面在最弱部位起裂萌生扩展,并向节理面追踪形成蠕滑段和锁固段,节理面强度参数在外界地质营力作用下发生弱化,使潜在滑带出现由后缘向前端搭接贯通的前进式破坏模式和由前端向后缘的后退式破坏模式的分化,滑体也由高位剪出向溃散破坏演变。 相似文献
17.
地铁车站结构振动台试验中传感器位置的优选 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在对软土地铁车站结构进行振动台模型试验的过程中,对传感器设置位置的优选进行了研究,内容包括按三维问题的分析论证地铁车站结构在横向激振作用下的受力变形特征,据以确定可按平面应变问题进行分析的断面的分布范围及主观测断面的位置;按二维问题的分析论证地铁车站结构在横向激振作用下的变形趋势,据以确定观测断面上传感器设置的优选位置;以及在满足基本信息采集要求的前提下,对可供采用的信息采集通道进行优化分配的方法。成果对试验获得成功起到了保障作用,对同类试验也有参考价值。 相似文献
18.
The structural response of buildings subjected to seismic loads is affected by local site conditions and the interaction between
the structure and the supporting soil media. Seismic centrifuge model tests were conducted on two layered clay soil profiles
at 80 g field to investigate soil-structure interaction and dynamic response of foundation. Several earthquake-like shaking
events were applied to the models using an electro-hydraulic shaking table to simulate linear and nonlinear soil behavior.
Results showed that the foundation input motion was significantly amplified in both models, especially for weak earthquake
motions. Seismic soil-structure interaction was found to have an important effect on structure response by increasing the
amplification of foundation input motion. A 3D finite difference numerical model was also developed to simulate the response
of centrifuge model tests and study the parameters that affect the characteristics of earthquake at the base of the structure.
The results indicated that the stiffness and stratification of the soil profiles had a significant effect on modifying the
foundation input motion. 相似文献
19.
液化自由场地震响应大型振动台模型试验分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
开展了含上部黏土层、饱和砂土层、密实砂土层的可液化自由场地在水平地震动激励下的大型振动台模型试验研究,分析了地震动激励时饱和砂土液化后场地加速度、位移、孔压比时空响应等动力响应。试验结果表明：在小震激励时,场地动力反应较小,加速度反应自下而上不断放大,各深度处孔压比均较小,模型地基整体处于弹性反应阶段;0.3g汶川地震卧龙台地震记录输入时,孔压积累迅速,可液化土体最上部土层孔压比达到1,饱和土体液化,模型地基表现出明显的非线性反应特征,加速度反应在饱和砂土层中未有明显放大,土体卓越周期对应的反应加速度自下而上有不断增大趋势。该研究是土-群桩-上部结构体系大型振动台系列试验中可液化自由场动力反应部分,可供今后做对比分析和验证数值模拟参考。 相似文献
20.
固化土和土工格栅护岸工法（SG-WALL工法）是一种采用固化土和土工格栅加固港口护岸结构的新型工法。它的抗震性能已经通过一系列振动台试验得到了确认。为了能够数值再现SG-WALL结构在地震荷载作用下的动力反应,对SG-WALL结构的振动台试验进行了动态数值模拟研究。试验和模拟结果的对比表明,数值模拟方法能够再现SG-WALL结构在振动荷载作用下的主要动力特征。模拟结果还表明：固化土的长度对SG-WALL抗震性能起到重要的影响;土工格栅的最大拉应变发生在与排桩的连接处,并且沿着远离排桩的方向逐渐减小。 相似文献