共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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新技术在城市地面沉降研究中的应用：遥感卫星雷达干涉测量（InSAR） 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文综述了遥感卫星合成孔径雷达（SAR）干涉测量及差分干涉测量的基本原理，针对近年来国外InSAR在地面沉降方面的研究成果，重点讨论了D－InSAR在国内大中城市进行地面沉降监测应用的可能性，对SAR数据的获取方法进行了阐述，并对这种方法目前的进展及未来应用前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
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INSAR技术在北京来广营地区地面沉降监测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
北京市平原地区地面沉降危害日益显著,合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）具有快速、高精度、周期短等优势,可为城市地面沉降监测提供有效的技术手段。本文选用ENVISAT-1卫星SAR数据监测研究2004-2005年北京来广营地区地面沉降,利用InSAR差分技术得到该地区地面沉降监测结果。 相似文献
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合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术是传统的合成孔径雷达技术和射电天文学中的干涉测量技术相结合而发展起来的一项新的遥感技术,这一新技术以其在大范围地表高程测量和地表变形测量方面所具有的独特优势和巨大潜力,而成为对地测量和地学科学研究的一个重要的工具。同星载InSAR相比,机载InSAR在高分辨率区域测图方面具有较大的优势,而且数据采集的时间安排及飞行方位选取方面相对较灵活。而且SAR是一种主动微波遥感技术,具有全天时全天候的工作特征,这一技术也正在成为中国西部困难地区测图的一个非常有效的工具。在详细分析应用机载InSAR数据测量地表高程的基本原理的基础上,提出了机载InSAR自动生成DEM的技术流程,并以内蒙古丰镇地区的机载InSAR数据为基础进行了试验研究,取得了较好的效果,为这一新技术的进一步实际应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《水文地质工程地质技术方法动态》2006,(5):12-19
在美国直接受下陷影响地区达45个，受灾面积超过17000平方英里，每年相关经济损失约为125万美元。导致下陷的主要原因有含水层系统挤压、有机土壤排水、地下采矿、自然挤压、污水池、冻土融化等（国家调查委员会，1991）。一个强大的映射成图工具（InSAR）对于评估和缓解下陷方面比较有效。InSAR能够以惊人的精度监测地表微小形变。InSAR所形成的干涉图增强了我们监控和处理由于含水层系统挤压引起的下陷，也展现了人类控制自然物理过程的新视野。干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）是一种新型的用雷达信号监测地表微小形变的工具，其反映的空间细节水平非常惊人，测量结果精度很高。美国地质调查局及其他一些单位正在利用InSAR成图和监控由于含水层系压造成的。 相似文献
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基于InSAR和ICESat的南极冰盖地区DEM提取和精度分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
结合InSAR和ICESat测高数据,以东南极PANDA断面4个实验区为例,进行DEM生成研究.在干涉相位转换成高程前,引入ICESat测高数据作为控制点优化干涉对基线,消除基线线性误差趋势的影响.利用控制点之外的ICESat测高数据分析4个实验区的DEM精度及其差异,并探讨了引起DEM误差的原因.冰流和地貌特征是影响InSAR生成冰盖DEM精度的重要因素.针对冰流的影响,从理论上进行了分析并结合冰流速数据进行了分析验证.最后利用克里金插值法改正InSAR DEM残余误差,并利用GPS实测控制点对改正效果进行验证.结果表明:对于高纬区流速较小且分布一致的区域,改正效果很好,DEM精度可达3 m;而对于冰流速较大且复杂的地区,需采用多基线等算法进一步消弱冰流引入的误差. 相似文献
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《地壳构造与地壳应力文集》2010,(0)
大气造成的电磁波相位延迟是重复轨道雷达干涉测量的主要误差来源。本文依据大气的组成和结构,探讨了大气效应对重复轨道InSAR测量的影响,并且回顾了国内外InSAR大气校正方法,对各种方法的优缺点以及各自适用的范围进行了分析。 相似文献
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干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)数据已被证明能生成精确的数字高程模型。本文利用欧空局2颗卫星ERS-1/2对西藏羊八井地区成像所获取的相隔仅1天2幅SAR复数影像作了干涉处理和分析,生成了DEM,并与1∶5万DEM比较,对干涉DEM的精度作了评价,并分析了其潜在的制约因素。试验证明,在西藏地区的研究中,InSAR是一种非常有效的手段,不仅可用于地图制图,而且在地球动力学、地貌环境变化等领域也有巨大的潜力。 相似文献
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合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)在地面形变监测中的应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
运用合成孔径雷达干涉及其差分技术(InSAR及D-InSAR)进行地面微位移监测，是近年来发展起来并得到日益重视的新方法。对不同地区地面形变的最新研究结果表明，合成孔径雷达干涉及其差分技术在地震形变、冰川运移、活动构造、地面沉降及滑坡等研究与监测中有广阔的应用前景，具有不可替代的优势。 与其它方法(如GPS监测等)相比，用InSAR及D-InSAR进行地面形变监测的主要优点在于：(1)覆盖范围大，方便迅速：(2)成本低，不需要建立监测网；(3)空间分辨率高，可以获得某一地区连续的地表形变信息；(4)可以监测或识别出潜在或未知的地面形变信息：(5)全天候，不受云层及昼夜影响。但是由于系统本身因素以及地面植被、湿度及大气条件变化的影响，精度及适用性受到一定的限制，需要在实践中不断加以完善和提高，并与地质研究及其它方法相结合。 为了弥补传统InSAR及D-InSAR方法在地面形变监测方面的不足，提高其精度，近期引入了一种称为永久散射点(PS)的方法。此方法通过选取一定时期内表现出稳定干涉行为的孤立点，克服了许多妨碍传统雷达干涉技术的分辨率、空间及时间上基线限制等问题，使InSAR在城市及岩石出露较好地区地面形变监测精度大大提高，在一定的条件下精度可达到mm级。 相似文献
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Abdurrahman Geymen 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):827-837
The development of satellite technology is rapidly increasing the evolution of remote sensing. Satellite images give extensive useful information about the land structure that is easily manageable in the process of generating true, high-speed information which allows the forecasting of future environmental and urban planning. Remote sensing comprises active and passive systems. Passive sensors detect natural radiation that is emitted or reflected by the object or surrounding area being observed. Active systems which produce their own electromagnetic energy and their main properties are their ability of collecting data in nearly all atmospheric conditions, day or night. These systems are frequently used to generate a digital elevation model (DEM) because they cover large areas. DEM supplies essential data for applications that are concerned with the Earth’s surface and DEMs derived from survey data are accurate but very expensive and time consuming to create. However, the use of satellite remote sensing to provide images to generate a DEM is considered to be an efficient method of obtaining data. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a new geodetic technique for determining earth topography. InSAR measurements are highly dense and they only give information in Line of Sight of Radar. In the study, interferograms were produced from the InSAR images taken by ERS satellites in 1992 and 2007 and we developed the methods to generate a DEM using the InSAR technique and present the results relating to Kayseri Province in Turkey. The accuracy of the DEM derived from the InSAR technique is evaluated in comparison with a reference DEM generated from contours in a topographical map. 相似文献
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P. Vallone M.S. Giammarinaro M. Crosetto M. Agudo E. Biescas 《Engineering Geology》2008,98(3-4):144-155
Urban areas are frequently affected by ground instabilities of various origins. The location of urban zones affected by ground instability phenomena is crucially important for hazard mitigation policies. Satellite-based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has demonstrated its remarkable capability to detect and quantify ground and building motion in urban areas, especially since the development of Advanced Differential Interferometric SAR techniques (A-DInSAR). In fact, the high density of reflectors like buildings and infrastructures in urban areas improves the quality of the InSAR signal, allowing sub-centimetric displacements to be reliably detected. The A-DInSAR techniques allow urban zones affected by ground deformation to be located and mapped, but clearly they are not able to point out the causes of the instability phenomena. These can only be highlighted by an integrated analysis of multidisciplinary data, like geological, geotechnical, SAR interferometric and historical data. The overlay of these data, which is possible within a Geographic Information System (GIS), is a useful tool to identify ground motion phenomena affecting urban zones. In this study we apply this kind of approach to Caltanissetta, a provincial capital in Sicily (Italy), where local damage has been detected. The reconstruction of the local near-surface geology shows the presence of zones affected by local natural hazard factors, essentially due to the local presence of soils with poor mechanical properties or swelling soils, high topographic gradients and steep slopes on loose soils. Processing 17 ASAR-ENVISAT SAR images covering the time interval October 2002–December 2005 by means of an A-DInSAR procedure, the Caltanissetta deformation map has been realized. It shows that most of the city is stable, with the exception of three zones, situated in the northwestern, northeastern and southern parts of the city, respectively. Two of them, characterized by high topographic gradients and steep slopes on sandy soils, are affected by subsidence ground motion. An uplift motion is recognized in the other zone, characterized by the local presence of expansible clays. Geotechnical swelling tests carried out on them have shown a swelling behavior. On site surveys have highlighted the presence of damage in the zones affected by ground motion. 相似文献
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InSAR技术及其在沧州地面沉降监测中的应用 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
随着城市建设的飞速发展,地面沉降危害日益显著,常规的测量方法尽管精度高,但是成本高、采样精度低、测量时间周期长,已经无法满足当今社会的要求。合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)已成为测量地球表面变化极具潜力的技术,它可以大面积的采样、测量时间短,同时成本也很低。沧州地区至2001年沉降中心累计沉降量已达2236mm。文中介绍用合成孔径雷达干涉测量进行沧州地区地面沉降监测的试验,最后利用InSAR的差分技术得到的沧州地区的地面沉降监测结果,并据此得到一些初步认识。 相似文献
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Environmental Investigation and Evaluation of Land Subsidence in the Datong Coalfield Based on InSAR Technology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Heavy mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous horizontal coal seams in the Datong coalfield has seriously affected the local geological environment, which is mainly manifested by such geohazards as soil avalanches, landslides, mudflows, surface subsidence, surface cracks, surface solid waste accumulation and surface deformation. More seriously, coal mining causes groundwater to leak. Overpumping of groundwater has resulted in substantial land subsidence of the urban area in Datong City. Based on the previous geo-environmental investigation in the work area, the authors used radar remote sensing techniques such as InSAR （synthetic aperture radar interferometry） and D-InSAR （differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry）, supplemented by the optical remote sensing method, for geo-environmental investigation to ascertain the geo-environmental background of the Datong Jurassic and Carboniferous-Permian coalfield and evaluate the effects of the geohazards, thus providing a basis for the geo-environmental protection, geohazard control and prevention, land improvement and optimization of the human environment. In this study 8 cog-nominal ERS-1/2 SAR data frames during 1992 to 2003 were used, but the following processing was made： （1） the multitemporal SAR magnitude images were used to interpret the geological structure, vegetation, microgeomorphology and drainage system; （2） the multi-temporal InSAR coherent images were used to make a classification of surface features and evaluate the coherence change due to coal mining; and （3） the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images were used to complete D-InSAR processing to remove the information of differential deformation areas （sites）. In the end, a ten-year time series of differential interferograms were obtained using the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images. In the tests, 84 deformed areas （sites） were obtained, belonging to those in 1993-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2001, 1998-2002 and 2001-2003 respectively. Of the 84 areas, 44 are m 相似文献
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D. Remy M. Falvey S. Bonvalot M. Chlieh G. Gabalda J.-L. Froger D. Legrand 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2011,31(2-3):214-226
The use of Synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry (InSAR) in northern Chile, one of the most seismically active regions in the world, is of great importance. InSAR enables geodesists not only to accurately measure Earth’s motions but also to improve fault slip map resolution and our knowledge of the time evolution of the earthquake cycle processes. Fault slip mapping is critical to better understand the mechanical behavior of seismogenic zones and has fundamental implications for assessing hazards associated with megathrust earthquakes. However, numerous sources of errors can significantly affect the accuracy of the geophysical parameters deduced by InSAR. Among them, atmospheric phase delays caused by changes in the distribution of water vapor can lead to biased model parameter estimates and/or to difficulties in interpreting deformation events captured with InSAR. The hyper-arid climate of northern Chile might suggest that differential delays are of a minor importance for the application of InSAR techniques. Based on GPS, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data our analysis shows that differential phase delays have typical amplitudes of about 20 mm and may exceptionally exceed 100 mm and then may impact the inferences of fault slip for even a Mw 8 earthquakes at 10% level. In this work, procedures for mitigating atmospheric effects in InSAR data using simultaneous MODIS time series are evaluated. We show that atmospheric filtering combined with stacking methods are particularly well suited to minimize atmospheric contamination in InSAR imaging and significantly reduce the impact of atmospheric delay on the determination of fundamental earthquake parameters. 相似文献
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Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) analysis is a radar technique for generating large-area maps of ground deformation using differences in the phase of microwaves returning to a satellite. In recent years, high-resolution SAR sensors have been developed that enable small-scale slope deformation to be detected, such as the partial block movement of a landslide. The L-band SAR (PALSAR-2) is mounted on Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2), which was launched on 24 Mar. 2014. Its main improvements compared with ALOS are enhanced resolution of as high as 3 m with a high-frequency recurrence period (14 days). Owing to its high resolution and the use of the L-band, PALSAR-2 can obtain reflective data passing through a tree canopy surface, unlike the other synthetic aperture radars. Therefore, the coherence of InSAR in mountainous forest areas is less likely to decrease, making it advantageous for the extraction of slope movement. In this study, to verify the accuracy of InSAR analysis using PALSAR-2 data, we compared the results of InSAR analysis and the measurement of the displacement in a landslide by global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observation. It was found that the average difference between the displacements obtained by InSAR analysis and the field measurements by GNSS was only 15.1 mm in the slant range direction, indicating the high accuracy of InSAR analysis. Many of the areas detected by InSAR analysis corresponded to the locations of surface changes due to landslide activity. Additionally, in the areas detected by InSAR analysis using multiple datasets, the ground changes due to landslide movement were confirmed by site investigation. 相似文献