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1.
石灰岩和砂岩高温力学特性的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用自行研制的岩石加温装置和RMT-150C岩石力学试验机, 对石灰岩和砂岩试样高温后的力学特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明, 随着温度升高, 两种岩石纵波波速逐渐减小。单轴压缩过程中的全程应力应变曲线经历了压密、弹性、屈服、破坏4个阶段; 达到峰值应力后两种岩石均发生脆性破坏, 砂岩破坏时呈锥形炸裂, 而石灰岩则呈草捆状破坏。高温对两种岩石的强度都有一定的弱化作用, 其峰值应力都随温度升高而降低, 石灰岩700 ℃时强度降幅达84.59 %, 而砂岩强度仅比常温降低22 %左右。两种岩石的峰值应变都随温度升高逐渐增大, 但具体表现不尽相同, 石灰岩500 ℃时应变增加了30.57 %, 500 ℃之后峰值应变基本无变化, 甚至到700 ℃时还略有降低; 砂岩700 ℃时峰值应变增加了80.63 %, 其峰值应变的变化与其微观结构变化相关。随着温度升高, 两种岩石的弹性模量和变形模量均减小, 700 ℃时石灰岩弹性模量降幅为86.8 %, 砂岩弹性模量降幅为46.94 %; 700 ℃时石灰岩变形模量下降了83.9 %, 砂岩的变形模量下降了53.06 %。 相似文献
2.
温度是影响岩石物理力学性质的重要因素之一。研究高温对岩石力学性质演变规律及损伤破坏机制的影响,对深部岩体工程具有重要意义。基于PFC颗粒流数值模拟方法,建立了含预制裂纹花岗岩数值模型,模拟了不同温度(20℃,200℃,400℃,600℃,800℃)处理后含预制裂纹花岗岩单轴压缩试验。研究结果表明,含预制裂纹花岗岩的峰值强度和弹性模量随着热处理温度的升高显著降低,而峰值应变呈现增加趋势;不同热处理温度造成的热损伤程度不同,导致预制裂纹花岗岩宏观破坏模式存在差异;热处理温度不超过600℃时,花岗岩均沿着预制裂纹两端发生破坏;当热处理温度达到800℃,热损伤成为花岗岩力学破坏模式的主导因素,且破碎程度显著增加。研究成果有助于了解高温作用下的岩石损伤演化机理,可为深部地下工程提供借鉴。 相似文献
3.
温度与荷载共同作用下岩石力学行为和损伤特性的研究,对于深入认识高放废物处置库围岩在热-力耦合作用下的渐进破坏规律具有重要意义。以国内高放废物处置库预选区甘肃北山花岗岩为研究对象,通过开展不同热处理温度后的物理力学性质测试,并借助偏光显微和X射线衍射细微观分析手段,对其宏观变形、损伤演化以及破坏特征开展了研究。研究结果表明：随着热处理温度的升高,质量、密度、纵波波速和峰值强度总体呈下降的趋势,而体积和峰值应变则逐渐增大,1 000 ℃时不同围压下的峰值强度分别减小了77.70%、57.28%、37.33%及33.97%,峰值应变分别增加了196.37%、115.27%、105.13%及90.38%。在低温、低围压下三轴压缩过程中北山花岗岩的损伤发展迅速,破坏形式以张拉劈裂为主,且试样破坏后极为破碎,在破坏面附近存在多条贯通的轴向裂纹;随着温度和围压的增大,北山花岗岩的变形由脆性向塑性转变,破坏形式都是陡倾角的剪切破坏。 相似文献
4.
花岗岩样品高温后损伤的试验研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对河南省某地产25块花岗岩样品进行高温预热处理,测量了加温前后弹性纵波波速,并对样品进行单轴压缩应力-应变全过程试验。通过以上试验,给出如下结果：温度对岩石损伤变化的作用;温度对岩石裂隙密度和损伤应变能释放率的影响。实验结果验证了花岗岩的塑性应变主要与偏斜应力产生的形状改变比能有关,而与体积改变比能的关系不大。 相似文献
5.
花岗岩力学特性的温度效应试验研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
通过实时高温（常温～850 ℃）加载和高温（常温～1 200 ℃）后冷却再加载两种情况下的单轴压缩试验,对不同高温下花岗岩的力学性质进行了研究,分析了两种情况下单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、纵波波速、剪切滑移应变等随温度的变化规律,并研究了热-力耦合效应。研究结果表明：（1）在实时高温加载作用下单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随着温度升高而发生连续劣化;（2）高温作用冷却后再加载,花岗岩在常温～600 ℃区间峰值强度变化不大,800 ℃左右岩样强度突然降低;（3）纵波波速随加热温度的升高而逐渐降低;（4）剪切滑移应变在800 ℃之前相对较小,且变化不大,之后便迅速增大,表现出明显的塑性;（5）提出了热-力耦合因子的概念,并借助其提出了一维非线性热-力耦合本构模型,模型曲线和试验曲线较吻合。 相似文献
6.
高温花岗岩遇水冷却后物理力学特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《岩土力学》2018,(Z2)
观察500℃内高温花岗岩遇水冷却后的物理力学特性试验研究和SEM图像发现,高温花岗岩遇水冷却后物理力学特性随温度变化规律,揭示其细观机制。结果表明,(1)高温花岗岩遇水冷却后体积随温度升高而膨胀,而质量和密度随温度升高而减小,500℃时体积增加1.32%,质量减小0.21%,密度减小1.51%;(2)纵波波速和横波波速皆随温度升高而降低,且前者降低幅度大于横波波速的,500℃时分别降低64.9%、46.8%;(3)单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随温度呈减小趋势,500℃时分别减小51.9%、58.6%,温度大于300℃时花岗岩表现出明显的塑性特征;(4)温度大于300℃时花岗岩内部微裂纹数目不断增多,尺寸不断增大,并逐步交叉、贯通形成微裂纹网络,导致高温花岗岩遇水冷却后物理力学性质的劣化。 相似文献
7.
本文采用TAW 2000伺服三轴试验机及声发射检测设备,对高温作用后的花岗岩在25~650℃单轴压缩下的声发射特征进行试验研究,分别分析了高温作用后的花岗岩纵波波速、最大强度及振铃计数随时间的变化规律。研究结果表明:花岗岩的纵波波速和最大强度随着温度的升高而下降,当温度超过500℃时,纵波波速和最大强度下降幅度最大,可见花岗岩的阈值温度为500℃左右。高温作用后的花岗岩在加载过程中始终伴随声发射信号,并且与应力-时间曲线具有较好的对应关系,不同温度作用后的花岗岩声发射活动程度不同,温度越高,声发射活动愈强烈。500℃前花岗岩试样主要以劈裂破坏为主,温度达到500℃,花岗岩试样以剪切破坏为主,高温导致花岗岩试样内部结构发生改变,试样内部的裂纹逐渐发生扩展、贯通,最终发生破坏。 相似文献
8.
利用LEICA DM4500P偏光显微镜对实时温度作用下山东临沂花岗岩的细观形态进行了观测,结合其在高温下单轴压缩与声发射检测试验结果,对不同温度下花岗岩的强度和声发射与细观结构形态关系进行了初步的探讨。研究表明,高温下花岗岩细观结构形态的变化主要体现在不同温度下裂纹萌生及扩展速度的不同;随温度的升高,花岗岩内部形成的裂纹越多,内部损伤越严重,单轴压缩下其声发射活动越频繁;花岗岩的力学特性及声发射特征与岩样内部裂纹网络的形成具有对应的关系,裂纹扩展缓慢则其峰值应力曲线和振铃累计数曲线走势平稳,而裂纹网络急剧扩展则峰值应力曲线和振铃累计数曲线出现拐点导致突变。通过观测岩石在热作用下内部结构形态的变化,以期推断其在热破裂过程中物理力学特征参量发生变化的原因。 相似文献
9.
为了研究二氧化碳基增强型地热系统核心及邻近区域中超临界二氧化碳(ScCO2)作用对岩石力学性能的影响,设计了纯ScCO2与干燥花岗岩作用,ScCO2、水蒸气与干燥花岗岩作用,ScCO2与在水中浸泡了24 h后的花岗岩作用3种试验条件,每种试验条件下均开展了210、240、270℃温度下的试验。对ScCO2作用后的岩样以及一个未经处理的对比样先后开展纵波波速测试以及单轴压缩试验,获得了岩石的纵波波速、单轴抗压强度以及弹性模量。纵波波速试验结果表明,在上述3种试验条件下,花岗岩样的波速会都会发生一定程度的降低。单轴压缩试验结果表明,ScCO2作用后的岩石单轴抗压强度及弹性模量都几乎没有受到影响,但是从破坏模式看,未经处理的岩石以张拉破坏为主,处理后的岩石以剪切破坏为主,并且随着温度的升高剪切破坏越明显。试验结果说明,在不存在水或者仅有微量水存在的情况下,ScCO2的作用对岩石产生轻微损伤,岩样的刚性减弱、塑性增强,导致其纵波波速有少量的下... 相似文献
10.
利用RMT-150B岩石力学试验系统和GD-65/150高低温环境箱,对经历不同温度后煤系泥岩的力学特性进行试验研究,分析不同温度下煤系泥岩的应力-应变全过程曲线、峰值应力、峰值应变、弹性模量、变形模量以及泊松比受温度的影响。研究结果表明,不同温度下泥岩的力学特性有差异。随温度的升高,其峰值应力、峰值应变有不同程度的降低,其峰值应力从25℃时的9.153 MPa下降到55℃时的8.271 MPa,降幅为9.6%;峰值应变从25℃时的11.002×10-3下降到55℃时的8.249×10-3,降幅达25.0%。弹性模量随温度的升高逐渐减小,变形模量随温度的升高而增大,泊松比随温度的升高逐渐减小,由此得到各参数变量随温度的变化关系。研究成果可为深井高温软岩巷道的围岩控制提供理论基础。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献