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1.
Phyllosoma larvae were identified and their distribution was examined, based on the larvae in ichthyoplankton samples collected in the Japanese Eel Expedition to the spawning area of A. japonica in the western North Pacific from August 30 to September 13, 1986 (Leg. 1), and from September 22 to 25, 1986 (Leg. 2), on board the R/V Hakuho-maru. Phyllosoma larvae belonged to 3 families (Scyllaridae, Palinuridae and Synaxidae) representing 6 genera and 14 species. A total of 336 palinurid and synaxid phyllosoma larvae were collected, of which 233 larvae (about 70%) were identical with P. longipes s. l, while a total of 362 scyllarid phyllosoma larvae were collected, of which 274 larvae (about 76%) were identical with S. cultrifer. Phyllosoma larvae of P. longipes s. l and S. cultrifer showed a similar distribution to each other. The larvae were abundant in the water close to Mariana Islands, although late stage examples were abundant in waters of Luzon and eastern Taiwan. Distributions of these larvae may be related intimately with the North Equatorial Current existing along 15°N. The North Equatorial Current approaches the eastern coast of the Philippines and then separates into two branches of northward and southward flows. The northward flow contributes to generating the Kuroshio Current while the southward flow goes to generate the Mindanao Current. Judging from distributions of phyllosoma larvae in the present study, it is assumed that the larvae of the above two species may have been released in Mariana Islands and transported westward from there through the North Equatorial Current. These larvae may then be transported to eastern Taiwanese waters. 相似文献
2.
为研究长江口日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗肠道菌群的结构与多样性特征,初步探究野生鳗鲡仔鱼的营养需求,分别采集浙江台州市、舟山市以及江苏盐城市邻近海域的玻璃鳗样品,利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术,分析三个采样点玻璃鳗肠道优势菌群及营养代谢相关的功能差异。结果显示,三个采样点的玻璃鳗肠道菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria, 68.7%～82.0%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,4.2%～19.0%)为主要优势菌门。在属分类水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter, 12.4%～17.3%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas, 8.07%～13.03%)丰度较高,属固定优势菌属。此外,每个采样点样本中都含有丰富的独特细菌群,包括台州市的气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、舟山市的内生单胞属(Endozoicomonas)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)以及盐城市的嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和稳杆菌属(Empedobacter),推测是受采样点不同水环境因素影响。不动杆菌、假单胞菌、内生单胞菌等菌属在多种鱼类肠道中有着消化蛋白质的功能,气单胞菌虽属于... 相似文献
3.
T. M. Ward J. Staunton-Smith S. Hoyle I. A. Halliday 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,56(5-6):1125-1140
The diverse pelagic fish assemblage of sub-tropical southern Queensland includes fishes with predominantly temperate distributions, such as tailor Pomatomus saltatrix, sardine Sardinops sagax, round herring Etrumeus teres, and Australian anchovy Engraulis australis. The peak spawning seasons of P. saltatrix, S. sagax and E. teres occur during late winter and early spring (June–October). Eggs and larvae of these three species are widely distributed in shelf waters and comprise >50% of the ichthyoplankton assemblage during this period. Mean monthly sea surface temperatures (SSTs) during late winter and early spring range from 21 to 23 °C, and are thus similar to those recorded in southern Australia during summer and autumn, which is the spawning season of these three species in those temperate waters. E. australis eggs occur mainly in inshore waters, and comprise >50% of fish eggs collected during summer and autumn when mean monthly SSTs in southern Queensland exceed 27 °C. E. australis also spawns mainly during summer and autumn in temperate Australia. Hence, water temperature may be less important as a determinant of the spawning season of E. australis than it is for the other three species. The suitability of southern Queensland for spawning by predominantly temperate species during late winter and early spring may contribute to the high diversity of the region's pelagic fish assemblage. Adult P. saltatrix, S. sagax and E. teres appear to migrate northwards into southern Queensland during early winter to spawn, and larvae may be transported southwards into temperate waters by the East Australian Current. This dispersal-migration pattern is similar to those observed for several species, including P. saltatrix, in the western boundary current systems off the east coasts of North America and Africa. Hence, pelagic fishes in ecosystems off the east coast of three continents migrate into sub-tropical waters to spawn, and larvae are transported back into temperate nursery areas by the prevailing current. 相似文献
4.
In the South-Western Indian Ocean (SWIO), four eel species of the genus Anguilla (i.e. Anguilla bicolor bicolor, Anguilla nebulosa labiata, Anguilla marmorata and Anguilla mossambica) were identified, while their respective oceanic spawning area remained unknown. Based on collected larvae, glass eel captures and hydrodynamical conditions, previous studies raised the hypothesis that the eel spawning area might be common to all of those freshwater eel species, and located East of Madagascar. An original modeling approach, based on backward simulations, is developed to assess how the ocean circulation in the SWIO determines the location of the spawning areas and whether a common spawning area for each recruitment site where glass eels were found is possible. We use a hydrodynamical model, which reproduces realistically the 3D open ocean circulation in the region, associated with a Lagrangian model that calculates the possible migration pathways of larvae, represented by passive particles. Some biological parameters, provided by previous otolith microstructures analysis, are taken into account to constrain our simulations. Results suggest the existence of a common spawning area located between 13°S and 19°S and westwards of 60.5°E, although these boundaries vary on the interannual timescale. Salinity fronts were reported beside the boundaries, reinforcing this assumption. We explore the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on recruitment and migration durations from three specific regions within the common spawning area. They all allow migration to each recruitment sites consistent with duration estimated from otolith microstructure analyses. Nevertheless, there is substantial variability on intra-seasonal to interannual timescale in simulated migration durations and arrival success, with specific amplitude to each recruitment site and spawning location. 相似文献
5.
In order to understand the metal concentrations in Japanese eel Anguilla japonica, nine elements were analyzed in the livers of different migratory types of eels collected from Tokushima region (south Japan). Migratory types were defined by examining the Sr:Ca ratio in otoliths. The results showed that there were significant differences in V, Cr, Cd, and Pb concentrations among the migratory types. Mature-sea-eels show a higher risk of metal accumulation than other migratory types of eels, and the concentrations of Mn, Cu, and Zn in mature eels were significantly higher than those in immature eels. The study suggests that the eel liver is a valuable bioindicator for trace metals; however, when using the eel as a bioindicator to reveal the pollutants in aquatic systems, life history analysis should be carried out for accurate interpretation of the results. 相似文献
6.
European eel (Anguilla anguilla) recruitment is declining dramatically since the 1980s. Causes for this decline are explained by a combination of environmental changes basically affecting oceanic larval stages and a variety of anthropogenic impacts during the continental phase. Today, evidence is growing that poor silver eel quality has a major impact on reproductive success, implying that habitat quality plays a key role in stock decline. Since eels are frequently moving through a variety of different habitats during their life cycle, a better understanding of the implications of individual diadromous behaviour and habitat choice on spawner quality are crucial for management considerations for a stock recovery. The present study tested whether individual migratory behaviour and habitat choice of European eels affect spawner quality. Therefore, the migratory behaviour of 287 European eels from marine, brackish and freshwater stations in the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and from Northern German inland waters was examined by otolith strontium/calcium analysis. All individuals were classified either as freshwater residents, coastal residents, downstream shifters, upstream shifters or interhabitat shifters. As indicators for eel quality, muscle fat content, infection with the introduced swimbladder nematode Anguillicoloides crassus and body length at onset of spawning migration were assessed. Results indicate that individuals that exclusively inhabited freshwaters had significantly lower muscle fat contents and were more seriously infected with A. crassus than eels that never entered freshwaters. Since high fat contents are considered as prerequisites for a successful transoceanic spawning migration and high A. crassus loads have a negative impact on condition, this study outlines the importance of brackish waters as eel habitats in temperate latitudes. Furthermore, it questions the net benefit of stocking programs for the European eel population, since they include the translocation of eels from coastal waters into freshwaters. 相似文献
7.
鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)性腺发育和饥饿胁迫下生物学指标及体内蛋白质与氨基酸含量变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自然条件下, 鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)自降河入海至性腺发育成熟需洄游数千公里、耗时半 年以上, 且整个过程中不摄食。本文以降海洄游、人工促熟和长期饥饿(20 个月)三种状态下的鳗鲡 为材料, 研究其在性腺发育和饥饿胁迫时的主要生物学指标(包括肥满度、肝体比、脏体比、性腺指 数、含肉率)以及肌肉、肝脏和性腺中的粗蛋白与氨基酸含量的变化情况, 以探讨鳗鲡性腺发育和饥 饿胁迫下的营养物质来源与变化。结果发现: 人工促熟鳗鲡的肝体比、脏体比和性腺指数显著高于 降海洄游鳗鲡(P<0.05), 而含肉率、肝脏和卵巢内的粗蛋白含量、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量以及 非必需氨基酸总量均显著低于降海洄游鳗鲡的含量(P<0.05); 长期饥饿鳗鲡的肥满度、肝体比、含肉 率、肌肉(鲜样)、肝脏内的粗蛋白、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量以及必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的 比值显著低于降海洄游鳗鲡(P<0.05).结果表明, 鳗鲡性腺发育所需要的营养物质主要来源于肌肉, 其性腺的发育依赖自身营养物质在体内的流动和转化, 肌肉中的必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸均被利 用, 转化成性腺发育所需要的物质。 相似文献
8.
Phyllosoma larvae collected to date in Japanese and Taiwanese waters have been classified into two genera (Linuparus, Panulirus) of the Palinuridae, four genera (Ibacus, Parribacus, Scyllarides, Scyllarus) of the Scyllaridae, and one genus (Palinurellus) of the Synaxidae. However, phyllosoma larvae of three Scyllarus species (S. bicuspidatus, S. cultrifer, S. kitanoviriosus) are absolutely dominant among the larvae collected in the waters. Scyllarus larvae are abundant in coastal waters while those of Panulirus are often collected in offshore/oceanic waters. Based on previous and ongoing studies dealing with spatial distributions
of phyllosoma larvae in Japanese and Taiwanese waters, it appears that phyllosoma and nisto larvae of the Scyllarus are retained within coastal waters north of the Kuroshio Current. On the other hand, the life history of the Panulirus (particularly P. japonicus) may be completed within the Kuroshio Subgyre: their phyllosoma larvae may be flushed out from coastal waters into the Kuroshio,
then transported through the Counter Current south of the Kuroshio into the water east of Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan where
they attain the subfinal/final phyllosoma or puerulus stages, once again entering the Kuroshio and dispersing into coastal
waters.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
9.
自然海域中曼氏无针乌贼产卵亲体性成熟提前和小型化现象明显，这可能是一种适应性进化，人工干预背景下曼氏无针乌贼繁殖期行为的动态变化值得关注。2020年4-6月室内采用聚焦个体扫描法和定点连续记录法分别观察和记录了曼氏无针乌贼繁殖期的行为活动，并按其生活习性和行为的生物学功能等进行系统化分类，构建了繁殖期行为谱。结果表明，曼氏无针乌贼繁殖期行为谱主要包括三大类12种行为：（1）游泳行为主要分为前进和后退，繁殖期的雌性多处于静潜水底或静浮水中的状态；（2）捕食行为主要分为发现、定位、捕捉和咀嚼等系列动作，曼氏无针乌贼能够快速感知周围17.0-36.0 cm范围内的饵料，捕捉的有效距离为8.0-22.0 cm，能在2.0-10.0 s内完成对饵料的高效捕获；（3）繁殖行为复杂，主要分为求偶、伴游、交配、产卵等，其中求偶行为体现在雄性对雌性的自我展示、追逐配对和争斗护卫等过程，雄性在争斗护卫和伴游过程中的护雌行为尤为激烈。曼氏无针乌贼交配时采用"头对头"的方式，平均交配持续时间42.9 s。曼氏无针乌贼对产卵附着基有选择性且偏好于最初的附卵物，卵群对雌性产卵行为有诱导和刺激作用，每次产卵到附卵过程平均用时108.6 s。曼氏无针乌贼繁殖期行为谱特征的研究可为后续曼氏无针乌贼行为机制和基于全生活史的资源保护等方面提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
采用水体中设置弹性填料对比实验的方法,在12口聚乙烯水槽实施淡水精养殖日本鳗鲡,进行对鳗鲡精养殖水体生物膜原位修复节水增效效果、机理及应用前景的研究。结果表明,在207天的养殖期间,生物膜原位修复技术应用处理组的平均日换水率仅1.2%,比对照组显著节水减排74%(P0.01);处理组的主要水质因子pH、DO、TAN、NO2-N、NO3-N、COD等浓度均符合相关的渔业水质标准;处理组的起捕尾重、产量、生长速度分别比对照组高106%(P0.2)、108%(P0.2)和220%(P0.15),饲料系数低于对照组38.4%(P0.1)。此外,处理组弹性填料设置的适宜密度为填料占水体体积的10%。因此,精养殖水体生物膜原位修复技术,具有节水、减排与节能效果显著,投资与运行成本低,环保、低碳、安全,操作简便、易推广等优点。该革新性的生态工程低碳养殖技术对推动我国水产养殖发展方式从高耗费资源型向资源节约与环境友好型转变将产生重大影响。 相似文献
11.
许多终生浮游软体动物接近全球分布或呈环球分布,是海洋酸化和谱系地理学研究的良好材料。本文以西北太平洋和北印度洋的长角螺属(Clio)种类为材料,通过测定其线粒体COI基因(mtCOI,55条)和核18S rRNA基因(9条)序列,结合数据库中已有的序列,对该属进行了分类学和谱系地理学研究。结果表明,矛头长角螺(C. pyramidata)和尖棘长角螺(C. cuspidata)在mtCOI基因系统树中均形成4个明显分化的谱系分支,分别为支系A–D和支系E–H。矛头长角螺的支系A为全球分布,中国海及邻近海域可能仅有支系A的存在,支系B、C和D分布于特定海域。尖棘长角螺也存在明显的谱系地理结构,西北太平洋北赤道流南北两侧存在2个不同的支系,分布于吕宋海峡的支系E为一新的谱系分支。各支系内mtCOI基因的K2P遗传距离在0~0.026之间,支系间的遗传距离在0.031~0.089之间。膨凸长角螺(C. convexa)和曲形长角螺(C. recurva)没有明显的地理遗传分化。18S rRNA基因支持支系D为独立种,但不支持其他支系的划分。矛头长角螺和尖棘长角螺内部可能存在隐存多样性。洋流可能会成为物种扩布和基因交流的障碍。 相似文献
12.
Francisco J. Neira Jeremy M. Lyle John P. Keane 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,81(4):521-532
The spawning habitat of Emmelichthys nitidus (Emmelichthyidae) in south-eastern Australia is described from vertical ichthyoplankton samples collected along the shelf region off eastern through to south-western Tasmania during peak spawning in October 2005–06. Surveys covered eastern waters in 2005 (38.8–43.5°S), and both eastern and southern waters in 2006 (40.5°S around to 43.5°S off the south-west). Eggs (n = 10,393) and larvae (n = 378) occurred along eastern Tasmania in both years but were rare along southern waters south and westwards of 43.5°S in 2006. Peak egg abundances (1950–2640 per m−2) were obtained off north-eastern Tasmania (40.5–41.5°S) between the shelf break and 2.5 nm inshore from the break. Eggs were up to 5-days old, while nearly 95% of larvae were at the early preflexion stage, i.e. close to newly emerged. Average abundances of aged eggs pooled across each survey declined steadily from day-1 to day-5 eggs both in 2005 (97-18) and 2006 (175-34). Moreover, day-1 egg abundances were significantly greater 2.5 nm at either side of the break, including at the break, than in waters ≥5 nm both inshore and offshore from the break. These results, complemented with egg and larval data obtained in shelf waters off New South Wales (NSW; 35.0–37.7°S) in October 2002–03, indicate that the main spawning area of E. nitidus in south-eastern Australia lies between 35.5°S off southern NSW and 43.5°S off south-eastern Tasmania, and that spawning activity declines abruptly south and westwards of 43.5°S around to the south-west coast. In addition, quotient analyses of day-1 egg abundances point to a preferred spawning habitat contained predominantly within a 5 nm corridor along the shelf break, where waters are 125–325 m deep and median temperatures 13.5–14.0 °C. Spawning off eastern Tasmania is timed with the productivity outburst typical of the region during the austral spring, and the temperature increase from the mixing between the southwards advancing, warm East Australian Current and cooler subantarctic water over the shelf. Overall, ichthyoplankton data, coupled with reproductive information from adults trawled off Tasmania, indicate that E. nitidus constitutes a suitable species for the application of the daily egg production method (DEPM) to estimate spawning biomass. This finding, together with evidence in support of a discrete eastern spawning stock extending from southern NSW to southern Tasmania, strengthens the need for DEPM-based biomass estimates of E. nitidus prior to further fishery expansion. 相似文献
13.
为了解设于屏东县新园乡界河以东港溪上的拦河堰对当地地下水的影响进行一系列研究.首先对台湾西南沿海的屏东县新园乡1989年10月东港溪拦溪建堰前后地下水水质及等水位线数据进行了分析,同时逐月收集东港溪拦溪堰周边的佳冬乡养殖池所用的井水、池水、浮游生物、日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)及虾等数据,进行分析与比较.此外,用以上2个乡的地下水进行了鳗鲡幼苗水族箱养殖试验,并检验分析试验后的鳗鱼.各项分析结果表明,拦溪堰的兴建使新园乡的地下水水位降低,附近污染河川的水渗入了地下,对养殖生物的健康产生不同程度的影响.因此建议,在旱季应减少对东港溪拦溪堰水的抽取量;台湾西部尤其是新园乡的水产养殖活动应予以减少. 相似文献
14.
根据2011年及2013?2018年春、秋两季在海州湾及其邻近海域进行的底拖网调查数据,研究该海域短吻红舌鳎(Cynoglossus joyneri)的资源分布特征及其受环境因子和饵料生物的影响,并比较了两种模型(普通GAM模型和PCA-GAM模型)对其资源分布的预测效果,采用交叉验证的方法对模型的预测能力及拟合效果进行评价。结果显示:PCA-GAM模型的拟合度及预测效果均优于普通GAM模型。春、秋两季海州湾短吻红舌鳎资源丰度均呈现南高北低、近岸浅水区大于深水区的分布特征,因为海州湾南部近岸海域较高的水温利于春、秋季短吻红舌鳎产卵群体性腺发育,较低的盐度利于其鱼卵及仔鱼的生长发育,同时,近岸海域丰富的饵料资源为产卵后的亲体提供大量食物供给。分别应用两种模型预测了2018年春季和秋季短吻红舌鳎在海州湾的资源分布,结果显示,PCA-GAM模型的预测值与实际调查的结果更为吻合,预测效果要优于普通GAM模型。本研究为今后开展渔业生物空间分布的研究提供了一种新的方法。 相似文献
15.
日本鳗草(Zostera japonica)原是中国沿海潮间带较为常见的海草种类,近些年来随着生境的破坏其分布面积急遽下降,较大面积连续分布的海草床已经非常少见。2015年5月和8月,在山东黄河河口区发现了超过1000 ha几乎连续分布的日本鳗草海草床,与互花米草生境相邻,形成独特的生态景观。对日本鳗草生物量和种群补充等基本生物学指标也进行了调查。该发现极大丰富了中国海草数据库,并为日本鳗草的深入研究及保护提供了得天独厚的实验基地。 相似文献
16.
在自然或人为因素下容易出现鳗苗种质混杂的现象,由于鳗鲡苗种在形态上十分相似,难以区分。为了保障鳗农的合法利益和提高养殖效益,急需建立一种能够在现场快速、高效使用的鳗鲡种质鉴定方法。本研究通过比对找出5种常见鳗鲡养殖种类:日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)、美洲鳗鲡(A.rostrata)、花鳗鲡(A.marmorata)、太平洋双色鳗鲡(A.bicolor pacifica)、欧洲鳗鲡(A.anguilla)线粒体细胞色素B(cytochrome b,cyt b)基因的差异序列,基于5个cyt b基因序列差异较大的片段,设计多对引物,分别经过PCR验证和条件优化,挑选出4对引物:aj S1/A1、r-a S1/A2、bp-m S5/A3和m-a S4/A4。将这4对引物组合在同一个反应体系中进行PCR扩增,进行条件优化,筛选出组合PCR的最优条件:退火温度为58oC;退火时间为45s;循环数为27。结果表明,通过扩增产物凝胶电泳中条带的有无及大小可快速准确的鉴定出五个鳗鲡种类。本研究建立的组合PCR方法在3小时内可完成整个种类鉴定过程,同时可使用便携式小型仪器完成操作,可满足现场快速、高效鉴定的要求。此外,通过MEGA5.0软件构建5种鳗鲡线粒体cyt b基因序列NJ进化树,发现花鳗鲡和太平洋双色鳗鲡先聚为一支,再与日本鳗鲡聚在一起,而欧洲鳗鲡和美洲鳗鲡聚在一起,进化树图显示的遗传距离和它们的地理分布的远近相似。 相似文献
17.
采用水体中设置生物膜净水栅对比实验的方法,在12口土池开展生物膜原位修复技术对土池淡水养殖日本鳗鲡的节水减排、养殖效益及机理的研究。结果表明,在172d的养殖期间,处理组比对照组节水减排78%(P<0.01);处理组的氨氮、NO2-N、CODMn、溶解性正磷酸盐和浊度分别低于对照组31.7%、49.7%、29.6%、24.2%和26.2%(P<0.01);藻类密度的变化幅度及蓝藻相对密度分别低于对照组58.8%、52.6%(P<0.01);净产量、起捕尾重和生长速度分别高出对照组38%、22.7%和27.1%(P<0.01);饲料系数低于对照组14.2%(P<0.01);处理组每公顷池塘增加养殖利润约77.25万元。池塘生物膜原位修复低碳养殖技术具有成本低、节水减排、增产增收、操作简便与易推广等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
18.
The apparent use of marine and freshwater habitats by European eel Anguilla anguilla was examined by analyzing the strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in otoliths of the eels collected from Irish coastal and fresh waters. The age and growth of eels were also examined using their otolith annuli. The sizes and ages of the female eels were greater than those of the males. The somatic growth rates ranged from 15 to 62 mm/year, which is typical for Ireland and other European countries. Analyses of Sr:Ca ratios along a life history transect in each otolith showed peaks (maximum more than 25 × 10−3) between the core and elver mark corresponding to the period of their leptocephalus and early glass eel stages in the ocean. Outside the elver mark, the Sr:Ca ratios indicated that eels had remained in different habitats that included freshwater (average Sr:Ca ratios, 0.98–1.78 × 10−3) and areas with relatively high salinities (average Sr:Ca ratios, 6.73–8.89 × 10−3). Some individuals showed clear evidence of shifts from sea to fresh waters. These findings suggest that Irish eels have the same behavioral plasticity regarding whether or not to enter freshwater or remain in marine environments as has been recently documented in this species and several other temperate anguillid species. However, patterns of habitat use in Irish waters were somewhat different than those previously reported for other habitats. 相似文献
19.
We documented the temporal occurrence patterns and habitat use of fish in the Mangyeong River estuary on the western coast
of Korea from February to December 2003 based on monthly samples collected with a stow net. A total of 46 fish species were
collected during the study period. Chelon haematocheilus, Konosirus punctatus, Neosalanx jordani, Sardinella zunasi, Synechogobius hasta, and Thryssa kammalensis were the predominate species, accounting for 84.4% of the collected fish. We classified the fish as brackish water (BF),
coastal migratory (CMF), diadromous (DF), or freshwater (FF) fish. BF such as C. haematocheilus, S. hasta, and Coilia nasus were the most abundant and were collected almost year-round. As water temperatures increased in spring, adult CMF, such as
K. punctatus, S. zunasi, T. kammalensis, T. adelae, Johnius grypotus, Miichthys miiuy, and Larimichthys polyactis, entered the estuary. In summer, large numbers of their juvenile offspring were caught, indicating a peak in fish abundance.
The juveniles grew in the estuary before moving out to deeper waters for overwintering. Diadromous juveniles, such as those
of Anguilla japonica (commonly known as glass eel), were collected in the spring during their upstream migration. FF, such as Carassius cuvieri and Acheilognathus rhombeus, were collected during the rainy season. In terms of the number of species, the number of individuals, and the biomass, the
ratio of BF to all other fish type classifications in the Mangyeong Estuary (without a dam) was higher than that in the Geum
River estuary (with a dam). The fish assemblage in the Mangyeong Estuary still maintained estuarine characteristics before
dike enclosure, providing habitats for BF, nursery grounds for CMF, and migratory pathways for DF. 相似文献
20.
Twice monthly sampling over two 16 month periods at a shallow site on Newfoundland's east coast showed the fish assemblage to be dominated by four taxa (Gasterosteus aculeatus, G. wheatlandi, Osmerus mordax, Gadus spp.) that accounted for 96% of the individuals collected. Of the 16 479 fish measured, 65% were adults based on the estimated size of first spawning. The fish assemblage was dominated (86%) by species with demersal eggs, several of which spawn at the same shallow sites used by juveniles as nursery sites. Coastal spawning and demersal eggs maintain offspring in coastal nursery areas where survival is thought to be increased. Number of species and number of fish were both correlated with water temperature being highest from mid-summer to early autumn and lowest in winter. Temperature, time of spawning, and movements of juveniles and adults facilitated grouping species into five assemblages based on seasonal abundance: seasonal periodic species (summer and winter), regular species, regular species collected in all seasons except winter, and occasional (rare) species. At the diel scale, two consistent species groupings were observed: species that showed no significant difference between day and night and species caught primarily at night. Number of night species exceeded day species by a factor of two. No seine-caught species in shallow water exhibited significantly higher catches during the day. Observations by SCUBA divers indicated some species were more abundant during day time at slightly deeper depths. This observation in conjunction with day and night seining in shallower water, suggests these species aggregate in deeper water during day and move to shallow waters at night. 相似文献