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1.
Despite abundant data on volcaniclastic sand(stone), the compositional, spatial and temporal distribution of volcanic detritus within the sedimentary record is poorly documented. One of the most intricate tasks in optical analysis of sand(stone) containing volcanic particles is to distinguish grains derived by erosion of ancient volcanic rocks (i.e. palaeovolcanic, noncoeval grains) from grains generated by active volcanism (subaqueous and/or subaerial) during sedimentation (neovolcanic, coeval grains). Deep-marine volcaniclastic sandstones of the Middle Topanga Group of southern California are interstratified with 3000-m-thick volcanic deposits (both subaqueous and subaerial lava and pyroclastic rocks, ranging from basalt, andesite to dacite). These rocks overlie quartzofeldspathic sandstones (petrofacies 1) of the Lower Topanga Group, derived from deep erosion of a Mesozoic magmatic arc. Changes in sandstone composition in the Middle Topanga Group provide an example of the influence of coeval volcanism on deep-marine sedimentation. Volcaniclastic strata were deposited in deep-marine portions of a turbidite complex (volcaniclastic apron) built onto a succession of intrabasinal lava flows and on the steep flanks of subaerially emplaced lava flows and pyroclastic rocks. The Middle Topanga Group sandstones are vertically organized into four distinctive petrofacies (2–5). Directly overlying basalt and basaltic-andesite lava flows, petrofacies 2 is a pure volcanolithic sandstone, including vitric, microlitic and lathwork volcanic grains, and neovolcanic crystals (plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine). The abundance of quenched glass (palagonite) fragments suggests a subaqueous neovolcanic provenance, whereas sandstones including andesite and minor basalt grains suggest subaerial neovolcanic provenance. This petrofacies probably was deposited during syneruptive Periods, testifying to provenance from both intrabasinal and extrabasinal volcanic events. Deposited during intereruptive periods, impure volcanolithic petrofacies 3 includes both neovolcanic (85%) and older detritus derived from plutonic, metamorphic and palaeovolcanic rocks. During post-eruptive periods, the overlying quartzofeldspathic petrofacies 4 and 5 testify to progressive decrease of neovolcanic detritus (48–14%) and increase of plutonic-metamorphic and palaeovolcanic detritus. The Upper Topanga Group (Calabasas Formation), conformably overlying the Middle unit, has dominantly plutoniclastic sandstone (petrofacies 6). Neovolcanic detritus is drastically reduced (4%) whereas palaeovolcanic detritus is similar to percentages of the Lower Topanga Group (petrofacies 1). In general, the volcaniclastic contribution represents a well-defined marker in the sedimentary record. Detailed compositional study of volcaniclastic strata and volcanic particles (including both compositional and textural attributes) provides important constraints on deciphering spatial (extrabasinal vs. intrabasinal) and temporal relationships between neovolcanic events (pre-, syn-, inter- and post-eruptive periods) and older detritus. 相似文献
2.
The Redan Geophysical Zone forms a regional magnetic high in contrast to the regional magnetic low defined by the main part of the Broken Hill Block. The magnetic rocks are interpreted to dip below the remainder of the Broken Hill Block and there has been speculation that they are significantly older than the Early Proterozoic Willyama Supergroup. Evaluation of lithological mapping and aeromagnetic data permitted interpretation of a stratigraphic sequence within the Redan Geophysical Zone, consisting of three new formations: the Redan Gneiss, Ednas Gneiss and Mulculca Formation, plus the Lady Brassey Formation, part of the Thackaringa Group. The rocks are considered to belong to the lower part of the Willyama Supergroup and are not an older basement. Although the Redan Geophysical Zone contains some rock types not found elsewhere in the Broken Hill Block, there are some lithological similarities with the lower part of the Willyama Supergroup: an abundance of albite‐rich rocks, the presence of quartz‐magnetite rocks with Cu and trace Co, and abundant amphibolite/ basic granulite in the Lady Brassey Formation. The boundary between the Redan Geophysical Zone and the remainder of the Broken Hill Block appears to be conformable, with no evidence of major faulting. Similarly no evidence of unconformities or major displacement of stratigraphic boundaries has been found within the Redan Geophysical Zone. Structural history, fold style and orientation, and metamorphic grade within the Redan Geophysical Zone are similar to adjacent areas of the Broken Hill Block. It is concluded that the Broken Hill Block contains no outcropping equivalent of the first cycle of sedimentary/ igneous rocks recognized in the Early Proterozoic of northern Australia. Albite‐quartz‐hornblende‐magnetite rocks unique to the Redan Geophysical Zone most likely comprised detritus derived directly from an intermediate volcanic suite. Some were altered considerably, while other rocks retained the dacite/andesite composition, except for the addition of Na, an increase in the oxidation state, and partial leaching of some of the more mobile elements. These modifications could have taken place in shallow alkaline evaporitic lakes. The Redan Geophysical Zone contains some of the elements of a foreland basin adjacent to a continental volcanic arc: a thick stratigraphic sequence, oxidizing evaporitic conditions, and intermediate volcanic detritus. The change from intermediate‐acid volcanism in the earliest formations, to bimodal acid/basic volcanism in the Thackaringa and Broken Hill Groups could correspond with a change from initial continental arc volcanism into bimodal rift volcanism. The case for the arc volcanism is weakened, however, by the relative scarcity of rocks with andesitic compositions and the lack of basaltic andesite compositions. The alternative is that the intermediate to acid volcanism represents only a variation on the later bimodal rift volcanism. 相似文献
3.
滇西南昌宁—孟连构造带火山岩地层学研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
昌宁—孟连构造带火山岩非常发育,是重要的含矿岩系。在构造带南段,火山岩统称为依柳组,北段统称为平掌组下段,以往时代均归属早石炭世。本文工作表明,该区火山岩可分为两套:一套为早石炭世火山岩,分布于该构造带西部,以拉斑玄武岩系列为主,代表大洋中脊、洋岛残留物,仍称为依柳组;另一套为晚二叠世火山岩,分布于构造带中、东部,以碱性玄武岩系列为主,可能属亚速尔型洋岛火山岩范畴,而非大洋蛇绿岩套,新命名为老厂组。 相似文献
4.
Biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy of some exposures of upper Ludlow and lower Downton rocks near Kington, Herefordshire are described in detail. Temporary exposures created during the construction of the new Kington by-pass are particularly informative. One small exposure of Lower Whitcliffe Formation is recorded. The Upper Whitcliffe Formation is well displayed in characteristically fossiliferous shelly siltstones. The Downton succession begins with the Ludlow Bone Bed Member. This and the succeeding Platyschisma Shale Member complete the local development of the Downton Castle Sandstone Formation. 相似文献
5.
D. Karátson K. Németh B. Székely Zs. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger Z. Pécskay 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2006,95(5):929-944
A new model for the formation and relief evolution of the Danube Bend, northern Hungary, is discussed on geomorphological and volcanological grounds. We propose that the present-day U-shaped loop of the Danube Bend was partly inherited from the horseshoe caldera morphology of Keserűs Hill volcano, a mid-Miocene (ca 15 Ma) lava dome complex with an eroded central depression open to the north. According to combined palaeogeographical data and erosion rate calculations, the drainage pattern in the Danube Bend region was formed when Pleistocene tectonic movements resulted in river incision and sedimentary cover removal. Formation of the present curvature of the river was due to the exhumation of the horseshoe-shaped caldera as well as the surrounding resistant volcaniclastic successions (i.e. Visegrád Castle Hill) and a hilltop lava dome (Szent Mihály Hill). The process accelerated and the present narrow gorge of the Danube Bend was formed by very rapid, as young as late Quaternary differential tectonic uplift, also enhancing the original volcanic morphology. On the basis of comparative long-term erosion-rate calculations, we estimated successive elevation changes of the volcanic edifice, including partial burial in late Miocene time. In comparison with various order-of-magnitude changes, the mid-to-late Quaternary vertical movements show increased rates and/or base level drop in the Pannonian Basin. 相似文献
6.
AbstractThe upper Lower Carboniferous to lowermost Permian terrigenous succession of the Spiti Valley can be subdivided into five formations (Thabo Formation, Fenestella Shale, Kabjima Quartzarenite, Chichong Formation and Ganmachidam Diamictite), here described in detail and subdivided into members or lithozones.The Po Group, overlying the platform carbonates and gypsum deposits of the Lipak Formation, records an increase of subarkosic to quartzarenitic terrigenous detritus derived from uplift and erosion of continental blocks in the south during the initial stage of Neo-Tethyan rifting. Increasing mineralogic stability through the Thabo Formation broadly coincides with a climate change from tropical arid to temperate humid conditions during the Visean-Serpukhovian. The Fenestella Shale, containing rich brachiopod associations of Bashkirian age, documents a stage of widespread subsidence and transgression, followed by the regressive Kabjima Quartzarenite, which records recycling of quartzose sedimentary sequences in the south.The Chichong Formation marks another transgressive event, associated with a significant increase of granitoid detritus, partly from nearby Lesser to High Himalayan source areas. Chaetetid, cephalopod and brachiopod faunas hint at a Moscovian age for the “Chaetetid beds”, at the top of which varve-like lamination and scattered pebbles suggest glacially influenced deposition. The overlying glacio-fluvial (?) cobble conglomerates (“Pebbly beds”) reflect onset of rapid tectonic uplift.Abundant detritus from sedimentary rocks characterizes the overlying Ganmachidam Diamictite, deposited in glacio-marine environments; cold-water marine faunas of Asselian age occur in its middle part. Erosion of progressively older pre-rift sedimentary successions is ascribed to basin inversion, associated with unroofing of anatectic granitoids of the Lesser and High Himalayas. Basaltic to rhyolitic volcanic detritus documents alkalic magmatism at the climax of continental rifting. 相似文献
7.
准噶尔盆地西北缘下二叠统火山岩岩性、岩相及其与储层的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
与石炭系相比,准噶尔盆地西北缘下二叠统火山岩岩性、岩相类型丰富,研究程度低。本文利用岩心、薄片及元素
地球化学资料,开展了火山岩岩石学及其与储层关系研究。佳木河组以熔岩和火山碎屑岩共同发育为特征,岩性以玄武安
山岩、安山岩、英安岩为主,相对稳定;风城组火山岩在不同地区变化明显,克百地区以火山熔岩为主,属于玄武粗安岩
和碱玄岩,而乌夏地区以熔结火山碎屑岩或火山碎屑熔岩发育为特征,属于流纹岩、碱玄质响岩和粗安岩。在佳木河组及
克百地区风城组,（沉）火山角砾岩储层质量最好,安山岩等熔岩其次;乌夏地区风城组熔结火山角砾岩和石泡构造火山角
砾熔岩储层质量最好。此外,相同岩性可能因产出环境不同而储层特征有别。尽管各地成岩作用存在差异,但火山岩优质
储层仍集中于溢流（爆溢）相上部亚相、爆发相空落亚相的弹射坠落堆积和火山碎屑流亚相的水下堆积和爆发相。全区佳
木河组溢流相和爆发相共同发育,而克百地区风城组以溢流相为主、乌夏地区风城组以爆发相火山碎屑流亚相为主,不同
地区不同层位的有利勘探目标差异明显。除断裂带的裂缝和大型不整合面之下的风化淋滤外,岩相是控制火山岩储层质量
的关键因素。 相似文献
8.
大庆兴城南部火山岩储层发育控制因素 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
大庆兴城气田主力储层为营城组火山岩。地球化学和岩石学研究表明,该区营城组以中酸性火山岩为主。利用岩心、薄片分析资料,对兴城南部火山岩储层进行了研究。熔岩中储集空间以气孔和脱玻化孔为主,火山碎屑岩中则主要以粒内、粒间孔和溶孔为主。火山岩储层物性差异显著,储层发育状况受火山岩岩性和火山岩相、成岩作用及构造作用影响。火山岩岩石类型与火山岩相决定了储层原生孔隙的发育状况;成岩作用对原生孔隙进行了改造;构造作用产生构造裂缝,对储层起到有效的疏导作用。综合分析认为,近火山口相带火山岩储层物性好,是天然气勘探开发的有利区域。 相似文献
9.
Provenance analysis and tectonic setting of the Ordovician clastic deposits in the southern Puna Basin, NW Argentina 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Provenance studies on Early to Middle Ordovician clastic formations of the southern Puna basin in north-western Argentina indicate that the sedimentary detritus is generally composed of reworked crustal material. Tremadoc quartz-rich turbidites (Tolar Chico Formation, mean composition Qt89 F7 L4) are followed by volcaniclastic rocks and greywackes (Tolillar Formation, mean Qt33 F42 L25). These are in turn overlain by volcaniclastic deposits (mean Qt24 F30 L46) of the Diablo Formation (late Arenig–early Llanvirn) that are intercalated by lava flows. All units were deformed in the Oclóyic Orogeny during the Middle and Late Ordovician. Sandstones of the Tolar Chico Formation are characterized by Th/Sc ratios > 1, La/Sc ratios ≈ 10, whereas associated fine-grained wackes show slightly lower values for both ratios. LREE (light rare earth elements) enrichment of the arenites is ≈ 50× chondrite, Eu/Eu* values are between 0·72 and 0·92, and flat HREE (heavy rare earth elements) patterns indicate a derivation from mostly felsic rocks of typical upper crustal composition. The εNd(t = sed) values scatter around −11 to −9. The calculated Nd-TDM residence ages vary between 1·8 and 2·0 Ga indicating contribution by a Palaeoproterozoic crustal component. The Th/Sc and La/Sc ratios of the Tolillar Formation are lower than those of the Tolar Chico Formation. Normalized REE (rare earth elements) patterns display a similar shape to PAAS (post-Archaean average Australian shale) but with higher abundances of HREEs. Eu/Eu* values range between 0·44 and 1·17, where the higher values reflect the abundance of plagioclase and feldspar-bearing volcanic lithoclasts. Average εNd(t = sed) values are less negative at −5·1, and Nd-TDM are lower at 1·6 Ga. This is consistent with characteristics of regional rocks of upper continental crust composition, which most probably represent the sources of the studied detritus. The rocks of the Diablo Formation have the lowest Th/Sc and La/Sc ratios, lower LREE abundances than the average continental crust and are slightly enriched in HREEs. Eu/Eu* values are between 0·63 and 1·17. The Nd isotopes (εNd(t = sed) = −3 to −1; TDM = 1·2 Ga) indicate that one source component was less fractionated than both the underlying Early Ordovician and the overlying Middle Ordovician units. Synsedimentary vulcanites in the Diablo Formation show the same isotopic composition. Our data indicate that the sedimentary detritus is generally composed of reworked crustal material, but that the Diablo Formation appears to contain ≈ 80% of a less fractionated component, derived from a contemporaneous continental volcanic arc. There are no data indicating an exotic detrital source or the accretion of an exotic block at this part of the Gondwana margin during the Ordovician. 相似文献
10.
The Ordovician mafic volcanic rocks in the Parkes region of New South Wales occur as three distinct packages of volcaniclastic and coherent volcanic rocks and minor limestone that formed part of an oceanic island arc succession. The oldest package is the Early Ordovician Nelungaloo Volcanics and overlying Yarrimbah Formation. These formations consist of volcanic siltstone, sandstone, polymictic breccia, conglomerate facies interpreted as moderately deep-water turbidites and coarser grained debris-flow deposits emplaced in the medial to distal part of a subaqueous volcaniclastic apron flanking an active volcanic centre(s). Broadly conformable massive to brecciated andesites in the apron deposits are interpreted as synsedimentary sills and/or lava flows. A hiatus in volcanism occurred between the Bendigonian and early Darriwilian (ca 476 – 466 Ma). Deposition of the second package, which produced the Middle to Late Ordovician Goonumbla Volcanics, Billabong Creek Limestone and Gunningbland Formation, commenced with shallow-water limestones and minor volcaniclastic rocks. During an approximately 15 million years period, a thick sequence of bedded volcanic sandstone, limestone and minor siltstone and volcanic breccia were deposited in very shallow to moderate water depths. The top of this package is marked by thick volcanic conglomerate and sandstone mass-flow deposits and approximately coeval basaltic andesite lavas and sills sourced from a nearby volcano. The upper age limit of this package is constrained as approximately 450 Ma by Ea3/4 fossils and monzodiorite that intrudes the Goonumbla Volcanics. The lower limit of the third package, which constitutes the Wombin Volcanics, is poorly constrained and the duration of the hiatus that separates the Goonumbla and Wombin Volcanics is unknown but may be as long as 10 million years. The Wombin Volcanics record development of a thick, proximal volcaniclastic apron flanking a compositionally more evolved volcanic edifice in the immediate Parkes area. Thick crystal-rich turbiditic sandstones of mafic provenance are intercalated with polymictic volcanic breccias and megablock breccias that are interpreted as proximal subaqueous debris-flow and debris-avalanche deposits, respectively. The sequence also includes numerous trachyandesite bodies, many of which were emplaced within the volcaniclastic apron as synsedimentary sills. No evidence was found at Parkes to support the existence of a previously proposed 22 km diameter collapse caldera and the source volcanoes for the Ordovician are envisaged as complex stratovolcanoes. 相似文献
11.
新命名地层单位──三塘湖组 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
经首次全国地层多重划分对比研究，在东准噶尔地层小区建议使用新命名地层单位──三塘湖组，用以代表一套以陆相中酸性火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩为主的火山岩系（局部有基性火山岩）．时限大致为早二叠世．文中介绍了三塘湖组的定义、划分沿革。层型剖面及分布变化。 相似文献
12.
The Middle Marker is a thin (3–6 m) sedimentary unit at the base of the Hooggenoeg Formation in the 3.4 Ga old Onverwacht Group, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. The original sediments consisted largely of current-deposited volcaniclastic detritus now represented by green to buff-colored silicified volcaniclastic rock and fine-grained gray chert. Black chert, possibly formed by the silicification of a non-volcaniclastic precursor, makes up a significant part of the unit. The Middle Marker is underlain and overlain by mafic and commonly pillowed volcanic flowrock. Although the original sediment has been replaced by and/or recrystallized to a microquartz, chlorite, sericite, carbonate and iron oxide mosaic under lower greenschist-grade metamorphism, sedimentary textures and structures are remarkably well preserved. Textural pseudomorphs indicate the primary volcaniclastic sediment consisted of a mixture of crystal, vitric and lithic debris. Middle Marker sediments were deposited as a prograding, cone-flanking volcaniclastic sedimentary platform in a relatively-shallow and locally current/wave-influenced subaqueous sedimentary environment. Available paleocurrent data indicate a largely bimodal, orthogonal distribution pattern which is quite similar to both ancient and modern shallow marine/shelf systems. Diagnostic evidence for tidal activity is lacking. As felsic volcanic activity waned, an extensive airfall blanket of fine-grained volcanic ash and dust was deposited in a low-energy subaqueous environment. The sedimentary cycle was terminated with a renewal of submarine mafic volcanism. Middle Marker volcaniclastic sediments accumulated in an anorogenic basin removed or isolated from the influence of continental igneous and metamorphic terranes. Although compositionally dominated by a volcanic source, Middle Marker sediments owe their final texture and sedimentary structures to subaqueous sedimentary rather than volcanogenic processes. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2010,39(6):233-254
The Bone Mountains, located in Southwest Sulawesi along the SE margin of Sundaland, are composed of Oligocene to possibly lower Miocene marginal basin successions (Bone Group) that are juxtaposed against continental margin assemblages of Eocene–Miocene age (Salokalupang Group). Three distinct units make up the latter: (i) Middle–Upper Eocene volcaniclastic sediments with volcanic and limestone intercalations in the upper part (Matajang Formation), reflecting a period of arc volcanism and carbonate development along the Sundaland margin; (ii) a well-bedded series of Oligocene calc-arenites (Karopa Formation), deposited in a passive margin environment following cessation of volcanic activity, and (iii) a series of Lower–Middle Miocene sedimentary rocks, in part turbiditic, which interfinger in the upper part with volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks of potassic affinity (Baco Formation), formed in an extensional regime without subduction.The Bone Group consists of MORB-like volcanics, showing weak to moderate subduction signatures (Kalamiseng Formation), and a series of interbedded hemipelagic mudstones and volcanics (Deko Formation). The Deko volcanics are in part subduction-related and in part formed from melting of a basaltic precursor in the overriding crust. We postulate that the Bone Group rocks formed in a transtensional marginal basin bordered by a transform passive margin to the west (Sundaland) and by a newly initiated westerly-dipping subduction zone on its eastern side.Around 14–13 Ma an extensional tectonic event began in SW Sulawesi, characterized by widespread block-faulting and the onset of potassic volcanism. It reached its peak about 1 Ma year later with the juxtaposition of the Bone Group against the Salokalupang Group along a major strike-slip fault (Walanae Fault Zone). The latter group was sliced up in variously-sized fragments, tilted and locally folded. Potassic volcanism continued up to the end of the Pliocene, and locally into the Quaternary. 相似文献
14.
阿尔泰铁木尔特铅锌矿床的碳质流体组合及其地质意义 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
铁木尔特铅锌矿是阿尔泰克兰盆地内最主要的VMS型矿床。矿床受控于阿巴宫-库尔提断裂,铅锌矿体分布于该断裂NE逆冲盘的下泥盆统康布铁堡组地层绿泥石英片岩、大理岩或层状矽卡岩中。矿体形态多呈透镜状、似层状,并整合产于变质岩系中,发育多含矿化层。金属矿物有方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿等。铁木尔特铅锌矿床晚期发育多金属硫化物石英脉,至少可识别出3个流体包裹体组合（FIA）。FIO为高盐度流体包裹体组合,主要为含子矿物的多相包裹体（L-V-S型）,部分为气液两相包裹体（L-V型）,局限于单个石英颗粒内,包裹体呈无序分布,或呈孤立的单个包裹体分布,包裹体的最终均一温度322—422．5℃。F11为次生的CO2-H2O流体包裹体组合,主要由单相（LCO2）和两相（LCO2-LH2O）的富CO2包裹体组成,呈线性分布,穿透石英颗粒边界,明显属于次生包裹体范畴。FI2为碳质（CO2-CH4）流体包裹体组合,广泛发育,包裹体主要由单相（LCO2、LCO2-CH4或LCO2-N2）、少量两相（LCO2-LH2O）富CO2包裹体组成,大小5μm-20μm,成群定向分布,穿透石英颗粒边界并切断FI1,是晚于FI1的次生包裹体组合,反映晚期较大的构造一流体活动。对FI2的详细研究表明,LCO2型包裹体的TmCO2=-63．3～-57．7℃,ThCO2=-27．5～＋29．7℃;LCO2-CH4型或LCO2-N2型包裹体的TmCO2=-80．5～-5．5℃,LhCO2=-56．0～-25．0℃;LCO2-LH2O型包裹体CO2相的ThCO2=-66．9--0．9℃,ThCO2=-13．3～＋2．3℃,包裹体的最终均一温度Th,total=243．1—361．1℃。铁木尔特次生碳质流体组合,萨热阔布金矿主成矿阶段、赛都-多拉纳含金剪切带中早期透镜状石英脉碳质流体组合,以及阿舍勒等矿床的次生碳质流体组合,都具有相似的流体性质,均为高密度的CO2-CH4-N2流体,其来源与石炭-二叠造山作用主期的区域动力热流变质作用有关。 相似文献
15.
西天山乌孙山地区大哈拉军山组由玄武岩、安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及相应的火山碎屑岩组成,安山岩和流纹岩分布最广。LA—IcP—Ms锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,火山活动喷发的安山岩与安山质晶屑凝灰熔岩分别形成于353．9Ma_6．5Ma和3563Ma±4．4Ma．属于早石炭世早期。通过区域对比,西天山大哈拉军山组的火山岩浆作用显示从伊犁中天山板块南北缘向伊犁盆地内部逐渐变年轻的特点,且火山岩喷发时代差别不大（约40Ma）。岩石地球化学研究表明,火山岩属钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素,相对亏损重稀土元素。中性火山岩富集大离子亲石元素（如Cs、Rb、Th、U）,而相对亏损高场强元素,具有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常,显示出岛弧火山岩的特征;酸性火山岩相对富集Rb、Th、u、Ta等元素,具有明显的Ba、sr、P、Eu、Ti等元素的负异常。综合伊犁一中天山板块南缘的构造演化特征,认为大哈拉军山组形成于活动大陆边缘环境,产在板块俯冲一碰撞的最后阶段。 相似文献
16.
内蒙古敖汉旗晚侏罗世满克头鄂博组火山岩地球化学特征及构造背景分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
内蒙古敖汉旗满克头鄂博组火山岩是一套酸性火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩。主量元素分析显示Si O2为69.76%~76.04%,K2O为4.48%~6.78%,Na2O+K2O为7.63%~9.44%,表明满克头鄂博组流纹岩具有高钾钙碱性岩石的特征。LREE/HREEE为10.46~15.87,稀土配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾模式,δEu值为0.10~0.51,负异常明显;富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,贫Ba、Sr;亏损高场强元素P、Nb、Ta、Ti。说明满克头鄂博组火山岩属低Ba—Sr酸性火山岩,是下地壳基性火山岩部分熔融,并发生了斜长石、角闪石源区残留或分异结晶而形成的。满克头鄂博组火山岩具有A型花岗岩特征,其形成的动力学机制为蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展环境。 相似文献
17.
东天山觉罗塔格带阿奇山南部雅满苏组火山岩的岩石学、锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素分析结果表明阿奇山南部雅满苏组火山岩主要由安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩和相应成分的火山碎屑岩组成,夹少量玄武岩。流纹岩和安山岩中的锆石多呈自形-半自形晶,振荡环带发育,Th/U比值为0.44~1.53,指示岩浆成因。定年结果表明它们形成于早石炭末—晚石炭初(318.6~324.4 Ma)。阿奇山南部雅满苏组火山岩的地球化学特征主要为:酸性火山岩为中钾钙碱性系列,中基性火山岩主要为高钾钙碱性系列;稀土配分模式均呈右倾型,轻重稀土分馏明显(LREE/HREE为2.91~9.92);强烈富集Rb、Ba、K、La、Ce等大离子亲石元素,明显亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素;(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.704 01~0.706 36,ε_(Nd)(t)值主要为4.14~7.21。研究结果表明,中基性火山岩的岩浆源区主要为受俯冲流体交代的亏损地幔楔,而酸性火山岩则源于年轻地壳物质。结合前人研究成果,认为阿奇山南部雅满苏组早石炭世末—晚石炭初火山岩形成于大陆边缘环境,其地球动力学机制与古亚洲洋板块向中天山地块之下的俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
18.
福建福安上后洋叶蜡石矿呈似层状，赋存于晚侏罗世南园组中部火碎屑岩中，共发现有4个矿体，矿石可分为2种类型。即石英叶蜡石型和伊利石质叶蜡石型，以石英叶蜡石型为主，矿体明显受地层岩性控制，属火山热液顺层交代蚀变的似层状叶蜡石矿床。 相似文献
19.
羌塘中生代(T3-K1)盆地演化新模式 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在羌塘盆地上三叠统那底岗日组陆相火山岩—沉火山碎屑岩及冲洪积相砂砾岩之下,作者发现了一个十分重要的古风化壳。该风化壳穿时超覆于肖茶卡组(T3上三叠统?)及其以下的二叠系及石炭系地层之上,沉积超覆于古风化壳之上的那底岗日组陆相火山岩—沉火山碎屑岩及冲洪积相砂砾岩代表了羌塘中生代(T3—K1,晚三叠世卡尼期至早白垩世时期)新一轮沉积作用的开启。采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素定年方法,作者在羌塘盆地胜利河地区和望湖岭地区分别获得了一组那底岗日组玻屑凝灰岩和晶屑凝灰岩的年龄,其值为216.8±2.1 Ma和217.3±2.5 Ma;这些同沉积年龄证据证实了羌塘中生代盆地的开启时间应该为晚三叠世卡尼—若利期。羌塘中生代盆地早期沉积作用经历了一个由陆相至海相的沉积超覆过程。伴随着岩浆侵入、火山爆发及火山碎屑沉积作用,沉积超覆作用是从冲洪积相开始。总体上,表现为一个向上由浅变深的海侵序列,显示为被动陆缘裂陷盆地特征。 相似文献
20.
车拐地区二叠系储层岩岩性单一,储集空间发育较好。夏子街组（Ｐ２ｘ）碎屑岩中,自生沸石类矿物溶蚀孔发育,是油气主要储集空间,镜下证实至少有过两次油气运移;佳木河组（Ｐ１ｊ）火山岩和火山碎屑岩主要储集空间为气孔溶孔和构造裂缝,油气运移也有明显的期次。相比而言,佳木河组具有更为有利的储集性能 相似文献