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《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
<正>攀西(攀枝花—西昌)地区出露一系列赋含大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床的基性—超基性层状岩体,它们是~260Ma峨眉山大火成岩省的重要组成部分。本文总结了攀枝花岩体的空间分布特征、岩石学与岩相学特征、岩石地球化学特征,并探讨了岩体的成因,为攀西地区关于基性—超基性岩体的研究提供理论支持。 相似文献
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对甘肃龙首山超基性岩带含矿岩体的主造岩矿物———橄榄石、辉石,进行了矿物化学特征分析 ;比较了金川岩体与外围岩体在矿物化学特征方面的异同。通过研究 ,龙首山超基性岩带的岩体中 ,五号异常岩体与金川岩体极为相似 ,有望在深部寻找到金川式铜镍硫化物矿床 相似文献
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秦巴地区目前已知出露的基性岩体671个,面积1252平方公里,约占全国基性岩总面积的28％;超基性岩体1755个,面积约126平方公里,约占全国超基性岩总面积的2.46％;另外还有一些正长岩—碳酸岩小岩体。已往对基性超基性岩和有关矿产的研究,多是以岩体、岩带分别进行的,对区域成岩成矿特征缺乏系统的综合研究。本文以笔者主编的《秦巴地区地质构造特征及其与成矿关系的综合研究》为基础,论述基性超基性岩区域成岩成矿特征和其与区域地质构造的关系。 相似文献
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笔架山东基性—超基性岩体位于塔里木板块东北部的新疆北山地区,是笔架山岩带中最东边的一个岩体,岩体形态为椭圆状,出露面积约5 km2.由含长单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩、含橄辉长岩、辉长岩以及辉绿岩组成.含橄榄石较多的岩石属拉斑玄武岩系列,而辉长岩属钙碱性系列.岩相学、岩石化学和微量元素地球化学特征表明岩浆演化过程中经历了橄榄石、辉石、斜长石的分离结晶作用.Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成和岩石地球化学特征反映出岩浆与围岩之间存在物质交换.笔架山东岩体的岩浆源区为OIB型地幔源区,原生岩浆为高镁拉斑玄武岩浆[w(MgO)=11.2％],这些性质与塔里木板块东北部其他基性-超基性岩体的特征相似,表明塔里木板块东北部二叠纪基性—超基性岩体的源区主要为OIB型地幔,可能与地幔柱有关. 相似文献
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金川铜镍矿南延地区出露基性-超基性小岩体(群)近百处,主要分布在塔马子沟附近的下元古界及白儿泉沟附近的震旦系中。小岩体规模小,形态多为脉状、岩株状、岩墙状,产状总体倾向南西,倾角70°左右。根据镜下特征及X射线粉晶衍射分析结果,将这些岩体分为基性的变辉绿岩类和超基性的变辉橄岩类两大类。岩石化学分析结果显示,这些岩体Ni含量为58×10-6～1900.8×10-6,Cr含量为65.1×10-6～4518.2×10-6,ΣREE含量变化于22.57×10-6～308.20×10-6,具轻稀土富集而重稀土分异较弱的特征。与含矿岩体对比研究结果表明,研究区出露的变辉橄岩与金川矿区含矿岩体具有相似的稀土配分形式,AFM图上投影点都落入镁铁-超镁铁堆积岩区,且同具高Cr富Ni的地球化学特征,认为它们为同源岩浆异地侵入形成。 相似文献
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解放以来,新中国的广大地质工作者,遵照毛主席关于“开发矿业”“独立自主,自力更生”的教导,在我国辽阔的土地上找到许多基性超基性岩体(以下简称岩体)和与之有关的矿产。目前已知的岩体总面积达一万平方公里以上,其中基性岩和超基性岩近于各占其半。岩体广泛分布于我国各大山系中。绝大部分超基性岩体见于古生代以来各期地层褶皱带内,而基性岩体则主要赋存于前寒武纪隆起区。从岩体侵入的时间看,侏罗-白垩纪超基性岩体出露面积最大,石炭-二迭纪次之,寒武-奥陶纪和前寒武纪较少;但基性岩体则以前寒武纪为主,其次为石炭-二迭纪和侏罗-白垩纪,寒武-奥陶纪最少。 相似文献
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康滇地区含钒钛磁铁矿基性超基性岩体的成因类型与岩浆演化和岩体产出的地质构造条件有关。该文划分3个岩体成因类型（5个亚类）,并从矿床地质、钛铁氧化物矿物学、矿物化学和成矿温度等方面讨论它们各不相同的成矿特征。层状侵人体是最重要的成矿岩体类型。火成堆积说可以解释层状基性岩的成岩成矿机理。而层状基性超基性岩体的成因,取决于液态分异作用和结晶重力分异作用,是同源多期次侵入活动构成的复合含矿岩体。主要矿体形成受熔离作用的控制,并非结晶重力堆积的产物。 相似文献
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通过利用地质精细烃分析仪对江汉盆地、松辽盆地、塔里木盆地、汤原断陷、济阳断陷的泥岩、灰岩以及现代生物体等多种样品进行轻质烃的定量检测及其组分的定性分析，进而研究了各种生油岩样品中所含的轻质烃特征。 相似文献
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华南海岸沙丘岩的特征及其与海滩岩的区别 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
沙丘岩是热带亚热带的一种特殊的岩石类型，尽管外貌相似，但它们成因和特征上有别于海滩岩。作者通过对西沙石岛、海南岛文昌和临高、广东阳江青洲岛、汕头广澳等处具一定代表性的沙丘岩的研究，总结了沙丘岩的沉积学、岩石学特征及其与海滩岩的区别。华南沙丘岩由岛屿上的灰砂和含生物碎屑的海岸风成沙丘物质胶结而成。分布高程可达＋６０ｍ以上，岩石中发育板状交错层理、大型槽状交错层理、上凸层理、似水平层理以及根管构造；其物质来源与海滩砂具继承关系，兼具风成砂的特点，部分沙丘岩还混有坡积物及陆生生物壳体。沙丘岩的颗粒多为中砂粒径，普遍分选好，（ＳＫ１）偏度变化比较大，ＫＧ峰度较小，Ｙ１值为负值，与海滩砂、海滩岩差别较大。沙丘岩中发育各种淡水渗流环境中特有的胶结物和胶结组构。虽然沙丘岩与现代海滩岩相比，其Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ元素的含量及比例不同，但可以完全与上升海滩岩相似。本文作者认为:辨别沙丘岩主要从产状、沉积构造、粒度分析、胶结物及组构诸方面进行研究。 相似文献
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Association of Late Paleozoic Adakitic Rocks and Shoshonitic Volcanic Rocks in the Western Tianshan, China 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
ZHAO Zhenhu XIONG Xiaolin WANG Qiang BAI Zhenghu XU Jifeng QIAO Yulou Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):68-72
The late Paleozoic adakitic rocks are closely associated with the shoshonitic volcanic rocks in the western Tianshan Mountains, China, both spatially and temporally. The magmatic rocks were formed during the period from the middle to the late Permian with isotopic ages of 248-268 Ma. The 87Sr/86Sr initial ratios of the rocks are low in a narrow variation range (-0.7050). The 143Nd/144Nd initial ratios are high (-0.51240) with positive εND(t) values (+1.28-+4.92). In the εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i diagram they fall in the first quadrant. The association of the shoshonitic and adakitic rocks can be interpreted by a two-stage model: the shoshonitic volcanic rocks were formed through long-term fractional crystallization of underplated basaltic magma, while the following partial melting of the residual phases formed the adakitic rocks. 相似文献
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Rocks of the anorthosite-mangerite suite were intruded in manyplaces in the southern part of the Grenville province of theCanadian Shield. These rocks, known as the Morin series in southernQuebec, are described from two contrasted areas, one in whichthere has been intense deformation during the emplacement ofthese rocks and in the other only mild deformation. Differencesin the mineralogy and chemistry of these rocks in the two areascan be related to the degree of deformation. Although many of the rocks of the series still retain theirigneous textures, others, especially the mangerites, are largelyrecrystallized and commonly exhibit a gneissic foliation. Thefeldspars and pyroxenes which are by far the most abundant mineralsof the Morin series are dealt with in detail. From a study ofthe coexisting pyroxenes and the amount of iron in the plagioclases,evidence is given for a difference in the degree of metamorphismbetween the two areas. All of the pyroxenes from the more highlydeformed area contain considerably more alumina than those fromthe other area. Coexisting lime-rich and lime-poor pyroxenesare characteristic of almost all of the rocks of the series.The coexistence of subcalcic ferro-augite and inverted pigeoniteas iron-rich as Ca25.6Mg22.4Fe52.0 and Ca9Mg23Fe63, respectively,in the unmetamorphosed rocks suggests very high temperaturesof crystallization. Analyses of the rocks are compared with those from other anorthositeassemblages. Variation diagrams indicate that the anorthosite-mangeriterocks form a very definite series which is not exactly comparablewith any other known rock series. Although the anorthosite-mangeritesuite shows strong iron enrichment and is therefore similarto many tholeiitic suites, the basic members of the series aremore akin to calc-alkaline rocks. It is concluded that the anorthosite-mangerite rocks are derivedfrom a calc-alkaline parental magma that underwent differentiationin a very dry environment and hence gave rise to the strongiron enrichment trend that is characteristic of tholeiitic suites.Early accumulation of plagioclase from the parental magma toform anorthosites may be due to a probable increase in the sizeof the field of crystallization of intermediate and sodic plagioclasesunder high pressures. The fact that intrusion took place duringan orogenic period is of great importance, for the rocks inthe more deformed area are more differentiated than those inthe less deformed area. 相似文献
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岩石破裂行为的实验研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
岩样的破裂行为、破坏过程和参数测试是裂隙断裂构造研究的基础和依据。实验岩石样品采自四川东部和新疆北部地区,为测试准确起见,对岩样进行了应力等值线的有限元法计算。通过单轴和三轴实验的岩样破坏观察和应力应变曲线对比,将岩石的破裂行为、应力应变划分为四个阶段,即裂隙压密阶段、弹性变形阶段、微观劈裂阶段和宏观破裂阶段。基于单轴抗压实验岩石劈裂—破裂—碎裂发展过程的微观分析,可以看出宏观破裂主要是沿岩样原有的隐裂隙、临界裂隙发育的,许多新裂隙则主要是在宏观破裂阶段产生的。 相似文献
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Anorthositic rocks compose 35–40% of the Middle Proterozoic(Keweenawan; 1?1 Ga) Duluth Complex—a large, compositemafic body in northeastern Minnesota that was intruded beneatha comagmatic volcanic edifice during the formation of the Midcontinentrift system. Anorthositic rocks, of which six general lithologictypes occur in one area of the complex, are common in an earlyseries of intrusions. They are characterized on a local scale(meters to kilometers) by nonstratiform distribution of rocktypes, variably oriented plagioclase lamination, and compositeintrusive relationships. Variably zoned, subhedral plagioclaseof nearly constant average An (60) makes up 82–98% ofthe anorthositic rocks. Other phases include granular to poikiliticolivine (Fo66–38), poikilitic clinopyrox-ene (En'73–37),subpoikilitic Fe-Ti oxides, and various late-stage and secondaryminerals. Whole-rock compositions of anorthositic rocks are modelled bymass balance to consist of three components: cumulus plagioclase(70–95 wt.%), minor cumulus olivine (0–5%), anda gabbroic postcumulus assemblage (5–27%) representinga trapped liquid. The postcumulus assemblage has textural andcompositional characteristics which are consistent with crystallizationfrom basaltic magma ranging from moderately evolved olivinetholeiite to highly evolved tholeiite (mg=60–25). Sympatheticvariations of mg in plagioclase and in mafic minerals suggestthat cumulus plagioclase, though constant in An, was in approximateequilibrium with the variety of basaltic magma compositionswhich produced the postcumulus assemblages. Standard models of mafic cumulate formation by fractional crystallizationof basaltic magmas in Duluth Complex chambers, although ableto explain the petrogenesis of younger stratiform troctoliticto gabbroic intrusions, are inadequate to account for the field,petrographic, and geochemical characteristics of the anorthositicrocks. Rather, we suggest an origin by multiple intrusions ofplagioclase crystal mushes—basaltic magmas charged withas much as 60% intratelluric plagioclase. The high concentrationsof cumulus plagioclase (70–95%) estimated to compose theanorthositic rocks may reflect expulsion of some of the transportingmagma during emplacement or early postcumulus crystallizationof only plagioclase from evolved hyperfeldspathic magma. Althoughthe evolved compositions of anorthositic rocks require significantfractionation of mafic minerals, geophysical evidence indicatesthat ultramafic rocks are, as exposure implies, rare in theDuluth Complex and implies that plagioclase crystal mushes werederived from deeper staging chambers. This is consistent withinterpretations of olivine habit and plagioclase zoning. Moreover,plagioclase could have been segregated from coprecipitatingmafic phases in such lower crustal chambers because of the buoyancyof plagioclase in basaltic magmas at high pressure. The geochemicaleffects of plagioclase suspension in basaltic magmas are consistentwith observed compositions of cumulus plagioclase in the anorthositicrocks and with the geochemical characteristics of many comagmaticbasalts. The petrogenesis of the anorthositic rocks and theoverall evolution of Keweenawan magmas can be related to thedynamics of intracontinental rift formation. 相似文献
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晚白垩世（95Ma)，白垩纪末（69Ma)和古新(6765Ma)玄武质岩石，呈脉状零星露头产于燕山期崂山岗岩体中，岩性分别为碱性玄武岩，碧岩和斑玄武岩，碱性玄武岩和碧玄岩以高度富集LILE和LREE为特征，（La/Yb)N=25.5-46.6，两者表现为程度不等的Nb,Ta,Zt,Ti等高场强元素亏损，与我国华北新生代碱性玄武岩相比，Ba,Rb,Th更为富集，Sr,Nd同位素比值（碧玄岩）为^87Sr/^86Sr=0.705517,^143Nd/^144Nd=0.512777.它们很可能均起源一刊中生代扬子板块玄武岩类似，微量元素总量及LILE和LREE含量均较低，（La/Yb)N=4.7-6.4，其典型的微量元素比值（如Zr/Nb,Rb/Nb,Nb,Ta等）与EM1型OIB类似，^87Sr/686Sr=0.706054-0.706146;^143Nd/^144Nd=0.572387-0.512392,它可能起于受上涌软流圈交代的大陆岩石圈（软流圈顶部的“metasome”）的部分熔融，是软流圈流体与大陆岩石圈相互作用的产物。上述不同类型玄武岩的顺序侵位，可能反映在晚白垩世一早第三纪期间，本区曾经历地壳拉张强度逐渐增大一地壳持续减薄－软流圈不断上涌的动力学过程。 相似文献