共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
本文在《地震空区与逼近地震》一文(以下简称上篇)的基础上,分析了1970——1980年间我国大陆上所有资料较完整的6.0级以上的地震,以及60年代的两次7级以上地震的震例.结果表明,上篇所得的关于背景空区、孕震空区及逼近地震的结论具有普遍意义.本文在大量资料的基础上,充实了上篇论文的内容,并重新计算了上篇所得的经验公式.本篇指出,判别孕震空区有三个标志:(1)随着孕震空区的形成,空区及邻近区域的地震应变释放应出现加速;(2)孕震空区内外地震频度比(N外+1)/(N内+1)在孕震空区的形成过程中应出现峰值;(3)在背景空区形成前,未来主震震源区内常常发生一些中等强度的早期前震.此外,本文发现在孕震空区形成的过程中,孕震空区及其邻近区域的地震所释放能量的1/3次方的和 sum;E1/3与孕震空区长轴的对数线性相关,所得经验公式可作为发生逼近地震的时间判据.最后本文讨论了孕震空区尺度的物理解释和逼近地震的成因. 相似文献
2.
本文通过分析一些强震和中强震震例,指出通常所说的地震空区可分为两类。除了震前大范围、长时间、大震级的空区,这里称之为背景空区之外,还有可能出现震前较小范围、较短时间、较小震级的空区,这里称之为孕震空区.对这两类空区作了比较.我们发现在孕震空区的后期,孕震空区边缘往往会发生一个或一组较为引人注目的地震,本文称之为逼近地震.文中初步归纳了逼近地震的某些特征与主震的关系,讨论了用于地震预报的可能性.最后从断裂力学的观点初步探讨了孕震空区与逼近地震的成因机制。 相似文献
3.
本文通过分析一些强震和中强震震例,指出通常所说的地震“空区”可分为两类。除了震前大范围、长时间、大震级的空区,这里称之为背景空区之外,还有可能出现震前较小范围、较短时间、较小震级的空区,这里称之为孕震空区.对这两类空区作了比较.我们发现在孕震空区的后期,孕震空区边缘往往会发生一个或一组较为引人注目的地震,本文称之为逼近地震.文中初步归纳了逼近地震的某些特征与主震的关系,讨论了用于地震预报的可能性.最后从断裂力学的观点初步探讨了孕震空区与逼近地震的成因机制。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2008年汶川MS8.0地震前地震活动异常特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
分析了汶川地震前地震活动时空演化特征．结果表明:①汶川地震前38a龙门山断裂带及其附近形成5级地震背景空区,震前6.5a形成ML4.0地震孕震空区,震前1a孕震空区内部及其两端相继发生多次ML4.0—5.0地震,空区缩小;②中国大陆西部及邻区2001年以来处于大震活跃时段,而中国大陆内部地震活动水平非常低,出现非常显著的7级、6级和5级地震平静;③南北地震带7级以上地震在时间上具有准周期特征,空间上存在由南向北迁移的特点,汶川地震的发生符合这一规律;④1998年以来南北地震带中段为7级地震空段,汶川地震就发生该空段内;⑤2003年云南大姚地震后,南北地震带地震活动显著增强,且在中、南段形成4.6级以上地震环形分布,四川及其附近表现为异常平静,同时震群活动显著,且在4.6级地震平静区内形成震群空区,汶川地震就发生震群空区的边缘,震前8个月,震群频度出现高值异常;⑥汶川地震前7个月,青藏块体大范围ML≥4.0地震平静103d,2008年1月13日以后平静区逐渐解体,至汶川地震前４级地震平静区缩小到巴颜喀拉地块,汶川地震就发生在巴颜喀拉地块的东边界带上,汶川地震前3 个多月,孕震空区内部出现NW走向的3级地震条带,与龙门山断裂带斜交． 相似文献
9.
以构造块体成组孕震模型为基础,讨论了孕震系统在局部孕震体强度发生变化时整个系统中的地震活动性变化特征。分析了岩石介质强度在其正常背景下发生弱化和强化后,孕震系统中各地震带上地震活动的时、空、强分布特征。结果表明,在外界影响（即边界动力作用）不变的情况下,不论是系统局部发生弱化还是强化,强度变化不仅影响到发生变化的地区中的地震活动性,而且对与其相连的地区及系统内其它没有发生变化的地震带上的地震活动都有强烈的影响 相似文献
10.
11.
通过对华北地区中强地震（指Ms≥5．5的地震）发生时间不均匀性的研究结果表明：自1815年以来，该区可划分为5个中强地震集中活跃时段。可用灰色系统理论和方法建立灰色预测模型。预测未来一个活跃时段的起止时间。如果发生在活跃时段内的中强地震的发生时间呈较好的线性趋势变化，则可用二指数平滑方法进行预测。在此基础上，本文还对它的预测精度作了估计。 相似文献
12.
合成地震动方法用于研究强地震动长周期特性的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
合成地震动一直是地震学研究中一个非常跃的领域。针对２长周期结构物抗震设计缺少宽频带强震记录的现状,利用“反射率法”和“围道积分法”等合成地震动方法对地震动长周期特性进行了探讨。结果表明：合成地震动方法是研究地震动长周特性的一个有效方法;在地震动长周期成份中,面波起着重要作用。因此长周期结构物的抗震设计必须考虑面波的影响。 相似文献
13.
本文详细地分析了强震加速度记录的数字化噪声。分析表明:数字化噪声由数字化设备的系统误差和操作者的随机读数误差迭加而成,随机数字化误差是具有各态历经性质的,其振幅按高斯规律分布的平稳随机过程,在其频谱组成中,长周期分量占明显的优势,因此将对二次积分加速度记录的位移曲线产生严重的影响。 研究表明:随机数字化噪声位移主要分布在周期大于25秒的频段,对加速度记录来说,分布在周期小于25秒的频段内,其随机噪声是相当小的(假定记录纸速为1厘米/秒)。因此,利用数字滤波技术,可以除去数字化加速度记录中的大部份随机数字化噪声。 作为实例,对一个典型的强震加速度记录进行了滤波,给出了低噪声的加速度记录和由此算出的位移曲线,且和未经滤波的相应记录及其位移进行了比较。 相似文献
14.
The highest response of multi-supported structures subjected to partially specified multi-component earthquake support motions is considered. The seismic inputs are modelled as incompletely specified vector Gaussian random processes with known autospectral density functions but unknown cross spectral densities and these unknown functions are determined such that the steady state response variance of a given linear system is maximized. The resulting cross power spectral density functions are shown to be dependent on the system properties, autospectra of excitation and the response variable chosen for maximization. It emerges that the highest system response is associated neither with fully correlated support motions, nor with independent motions, but, instead, specific forms of cross power spectral density functions are shown to exist which produce bounds on the response of a given structure. Application of the proposed results is demonstrated by examples on a ground based extended structure, namely, a 1578 m long, three span, suspension cable bridge and a secondary system, namely, an idealized piping structure of a nuclear power plant. 相似文献
15.
Most real-life structural/mechanical systems have complex geometrical and material properties and operate under complex fuzzy environmental conditions. These systems are certainly subjected to fuzzy random excitations induced by the environment. For an analytical treatment of such a system subjected to fuzzy random excitations, it becomes necessary to establish the general theory of dynamic response of a system to fuzzy random excitations. In this paper, the theory of response, fuzzy mean response and fuzzy covariance response of a single-degree-of-freedom (sdf) system to fuzzy random excitations in the time domain and frequency domain is put forward. The theory of response analysis of an sdf system to both stationary and non-stationary fuzzy random excitations in the time domain and frequency domain is established. Two examples are considered in order to demonstrate the rationality and validity of the theory, and the models of stationary filtered white noise and non-stationary filtered white noise fuzzy stochastic processes of the earthquake ground motion are set up. Methods of analysis for fuzzy random seismic response of sdf systems are put forward using the principles of response analysis of an sdf fuzzy random dynamic system. 相似文献
16.
ANALYSIS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DURATION AND PERIOD OF GROUND MOTION OF THE LUSHAN EARTHQUAKE BASED ON THE STATION RECORDS 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Based on 60 records from the 20 stations within 100km to the epicenter of Lushan earthquake, the predominant period, period of peak response spectrum, duration of ground motion, and source duration are investigated. By the study, we conclude that within 100km to the epicenter, the scope of predominant period is 0.013~0. 275s in EW, NS and UD direction; the scope of period of peak response spectrum for 5% damping ratio is 0.03~0.65s; the scope of 90% ground motion durations is 5. 1~35. 9s; the scope of averaging source duration is 6.41 (EW), 6.05 (NS) and 5.47s (UD). Furthermore, based on the ground motion duration calculated by 20 stations dada, the predictive curve and equation of ground motion duration is regressed and compared with the recent equation of ground motion duration by Bommer (2009). We find that the ground motion durations of most stations are larger than predictively mean value by Bommer (2009), which means that the source effect of Lushan earthquake is relatively larger. Lastly, by the contour figure of ground motion duration and source duration, we conclude that the directivity character of duration is relatively apparent in NE direction. The relatively larger source duration and ground motion duration in NE direction indicate more energy release in the main shock of Lushan earthquake, which perhaps causes the relatively less aftershocks in this direction. The duration has no hanging wall effect, which perhaps results from the blind-reverse fault structure of Lushan earthquake. 相似文献
17.
测井数据分维计算及其应用条件研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
分形几何已成功地应用于储层表征,分维是储层一征和随机建模的控制参数,为了准确表征储层,必须精确地估计分维值。本文介绍了利用测井数据计算储层分维值的三种方法：变尺度分析法（Ｒ／Ｓ分析）,变异函数分析法、功率谱分析法,研究发现分维计算中对数据的分级处理实际上就是对数据进行灰色累加生成。研究表明影响分维估计精度的主要因素有四种：数据点数、数据概率分布、数据平稳性,无标度区,研究认为,现有的３种方法不能用 相似文献
18.
19.
Abstract Two basically different models have been proposed in order to give a rational explanation of Horton's law of stream numbers: the “cyclic” model and the “random graph” model. In the cyclic model, a “Horton net” must be Hortonian in all its parts, and therefore channels of different (Strahler) order must be hierarchically arranged to form successive “generations” of rivers; in the random graph model, channels join in a completely random fashion, and a “Horton net” is simply a net in which Horton's law of stream numbers is numerically satisfied. In the present paper, these two models have been tested on a large stream population: the Wabash river system, in the continental U.S.A. This network is Hortonian, since the law of stream numbers is numerically satisfied with little scatter; but it shows no structural regularity at all. This seems to be a fairly general case. Therefore, the concept of structural regularity does not have its counterpart in nature; accordingly, the cyclic model does not correspond to reality. The random graph model, on the contrary, explains very well the observed facts: its basic statistical assumption, moreover, is found to be in agreement with observation. 相似文献