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1.
鄂尔多斯盆地子洲-清涧地区上古生界山32段储层砂岩成岩作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地子洲-清涧地区上古生界山 32段砂岩储层以石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑质石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩.目前储层正处于晚成岩阶段B期,成岩作用类型包括压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用和溶蚀作用,机械压实作用、压溶作用和自生黏土矿物的胶结作用是低孔低渗储层形成的主要原因,成岩晚期的溶蚀作用大大改善了砂岩储层的储集空间.根据成岩作用的特点,将研究区山 32段划分出5个成岩相:压实压溶相、弱压实-硅质胶结相、弱压实-自生黏土矿物胶结相、弱压实-碳酸盐胶结相、弱压实-溶蚀相.压实压溶相储层物性最差;弱压实-硅质胶结相、弱压实-自生黏土矿物胶结相和弱压实-碳酸盐胶结相储层的孔隙度、渗透率总体也很低;弱压实-溶蚀相储层的储集空间最发育、连通性最好,孔隙类型以粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔为主. 相似文献
2.
通过大量野外地质调查、钻井岩心观察和室内分析测试,对陕北地区长101储层的成岩作用和成岩相进行了研究。结果表明,研究区长101储层处于中成岩A期阶段,压实作用与碳酸盐、粘土(高岭石、伊利石)矿物胶结、浊沸石胶结和硅质胶结作用是造成储层原生孔隙丧失的主要原因;绿泥石胶结抑制孔隙充填,长石、浊沸石矿物的溶蚀作用使孔隙间的连通性得到改善,储层物性得到提高。成岩相类型可划分为8种,优质储层与成岩相关系密切,其中压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、粘土矿物胶结相、石英加大相、浊沸石充填相不利于储层的发育,而长石溶蚀相、绿泥石膜胶结相、浊沸石溶蚀相对储层物性的改善具有重要作用。 相似文献
3.
成岩作用和成岩相对致密砂岩储层发育的控制及其分布具有重要意义。利用岩石薄片、铸体薄片、物性分析等资料,对川西南部地区上三叠统须家河组二段储层岩石学特征、成岩作用和成岩相以及储层成岩演化史进行了研究,划分出六大成岩相类型:少量硅质-绿泥石胶结成岩相、硅质胶结-溶蚀成岩相、方解石胶结成岩相、压实相、杂基充填-压实成岩相、硅质胶结成岩相;结果表明,研究层段储层经历了复杂的成岩演化,目前处于中成岩A-B期;压实作用及胶结作用是储层致密化最主要的因素,溶蚀作用形成的次生孔隙改善了储层的物性条件;硅质胶结-溶蚀成岩相为该区最有利的成岩相。 相似文献
4.
沉积盆地成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题及趋向 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对成岩作用的物理—化学—生物过程的系统认识已经成为国际成岩作用研究的学术热点,而对沉积盆地尤其是化石能源盆地成岩作用重要性认识的加强,使得对成岩作用时空属性及其界定的精度要求愈来愈高。为此本文明确提出了在盆地动力学演化框架内,基于盆地沉积层序（岩石—矿物—化学体系配置）、埋藏、构造、流体格架分析,开展成岩作用时空分布研究的思路。进一步讨论了成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题和发展趋向,提出了应重视和开展地表温度变化对埋藏成岩作用,沉积结构及其矿物—化学体系对后期成岩改造的制约机理,断裂相、变形条带及其与碎屑岩储层裂缝或强压实改造关系,构造—流体活动耦合机制与流体—岩石相互作用效应等的研究建议。 相似文献
5.
通过薄片鉴定、扫描电镜以及岩石物性分析等方法,对内蒙古林西地区晚二叠世林西组碎屑岩成岩作用及其对储层物性的影响进行了系统研究,结果表明该地区林西组地层碎屑岩成岩作用主要为压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用及溶蚀作用。砂岩胶结物主要为黏土矿物、硅质矿物及碳酸盐矿物3种,其中黏土胶结物出现最多,以伊利石为主,绿泥石次之;碳酸盐胶结物以方解石为主;硅质胶结主要表现为石英次生加大和自生微晶石英。有机质镜质体反射率(Ro)、泥岩伊利石/蒙皂石(I/S)中的S(%)含量、石英次生加大级别、颗粒接触类型、伊利石结晶度等多项数据指标显示林西地区林西组碎屑岩处于晚成岩阶段。储层物性与成岩作用密切相关,压实作用、胶结作用使储层孔隙度和渗透率降低;溶蚀作用使储层孔隙度提高。 相似文献
6.
鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6油层组砂岩成岩相及储层质量评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文借助于薄片分析、扫描电镜分析、阴极发光分析和物性分析等研究手段,以鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6油层组低渗透砂岩的形成机制为解剖对象,通过对砂岩埋藏前组成、化学成岩作用和物理成岩作用的相对重要性、自生矿物组成、孔隙构成、物性与孔隙结构等研究,明确了主要成岩作用对储层的影响。在此基础上,结合沉积相的研究,选择骨架颗粒构成、自生矿物组成、物性、孔隙构成以及粒间体积等有关的15个成岩相定量评价参数,对华庆地区长6油层组低渗透砂岩进行成岩相的定量评价。结果表明:①华庆地区长6油层组砂岩经历了较强的物理成岩作用和较弱的化学成岩作用,原生孔隙是主要储集空间,压实作用是孔隙度降低的最主要因素,其次为方解石的胶结作用;②成岩相定量评价表明,弱胶结、强压实成岩相以及强方解石胶结、中-强压实成岩相的储层质量均较差,受北部物源区控制的绿泥石胶结、弱-中等压实成岩相具有较好的储层质量,建议作为今后的优选勘探开发区。 相似文献
7.
本文借助于薄片分析、扫描电镜分析、阴极发光分析和物性分析等研究手段,以鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6油层组低渗透砂岩的形成机制为解剖对象,通过对砂岩埋藏前组成、化学成岩作用和物理成岩作用的相对重要性、自生矿物组成、孔隙构成、物性与孔隙结构等研究,明确了主要成岩作用对储层的影响。在此基础上,结合沉积相的研究,选择骨架颗粒构成、自生矿物组成、物性、孔隙构成以及粒间体积等有关的15个成岩相定量评价参数,对华庆地区长6油层组低渗透砂岩进行成岩相的定量评价。结果表明：① 华庆地区长6油层组砂岩经历了较强的物理成岩作用和较弱的化学成岩作用,原生孔隙是主要储集空间,压实作用是孔隙度降低的最主要因素,其次为方解石的胶结作用;② 成岩相定量评价表明,弱胶结、强压实成岩相以及强方解石胶结、中-强压实成岩相的储层质量均较差,受北部物源区控制的绿泥石胶结、弱-中等压实成岩相具有较好的储层质量,建议作为今后的优选勘探开发区。 相似文献
8.
在大量样品测试数据与野外地质调查综合分析的基础上, 对长7储层岩石学特征、物性、孔隙结构、成岩作用、成岩阶段和成岩相等进行了研究。结果表明: 研究区长7储层处于中成岩A~B期。压实作用及碳酸盐、粘土(高岭石、伊利石、伊蒙混层)矿物胶结和硅质胶结作用是造成储层原生孔隙丧失的主要原因; 绿泥石胶结抑制孔隙充填, 长石溶蚀作用使孔隙间的连通性得到改善, 储层物性得到提高。根据成岩作用类型、强度及其对储层物性的影响划分出6种成岩相, 其中压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、粘土矿物胶结相、石英加大相、浊沸石充填相不利于储层的发育, 而长石溶蚀相、绿泥石膜胶结相对储层物性改善起了重要作用。 相似文献
9.
塔里木盆地西北地区苏盖特布拉克组发育一套潮坪相沉积,是该层系油气勘探的主要目标。基于什艾日克剖面、奇格布拉克剖面、肖尔布拉克剖面的地质测量,采用薄片鉴定、阴极发光、扫描电镜、流体包裹体测温及黏土矿物X衍射等分析手段开展海相碎屑岩成岩作用和成岩演化研究,为塔里木盆地苏盖特布拉克组进一步开展油气勘探部署和甜点储层预测提供地质依据。结果表明：（1）研究区苏盖特布拉克组发育潮坪沉积环境的砂体,砂岩类型以岩屑石英砂岩、岩屑砂岩为主,偶见长石岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等;（2）苏盖特布拉克组砂岩经历了压实（溶）作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用及交代作用等成岩作用,压实作用是造成储层致密的直接原因,钙质胶结和硅质胶结是储层致密化的根本因素;（3）苏盖特布拉克组砂岩的成岩演化阶段已达到中成岩B期,成岩演化序列为：压实作用/自生黏土矿物（绿泥石）环边—第一期长石、岩屑溶蚀作用—第一期硅质胶结—第一期泥微晶方解石胶结/压溶作用/黏土矿物的伊利化—第二次硅质胶结/第二期铁方解石胶结—钙质胶结物溶蚀。据此建立的成岩演化模式为塔里木盆地超深层致密砂岩中甜点储层预测提供可靠的地质依据。 相似文献
10.
成岩演化数值模拟及其应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目前 ,成岩作用的研究存在两个问题 :其一 ,常规成岩作用的研究只能研究现今地层所处的成岩阶段 ,而不能定量研究成岩史 ;其二 ,成岩作用的研究过分依赖于钻井取芯的分析化验资料 ,对没有取芯资料区域成岩阶段的预测功能较差。在“九五”期间 ,我们应用盆地模拟技术对这一问题进行了探讨。1 成岩史数值模拟将有机地球化学理论和常规的成岩作用相结合 ,综合考虑了温度、压力、流体和时间对成岩作用的影响 ,建立了成岩演化模型和数值模拟系统。通过求解埋藏史方程、热传导方程和化学动力学方程 ,模拟了成岩阶段划分的主要参数 ,包括镜质体反… 相似文献
11.
Identifying variably saturated water-flow patterns in a steep hillslope under intermittent heavy rainfall 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The objective of this paper is to identify water-flow patterns in part of an active landslide, through the use of numerical
simulations and data obtained during a field study. The approaches adopted include measuring rainfall events and pore-pressure
responses in both saturated and unsaturated soils at the site. To account for soil variability, the Richards equation is solved
within deterministic and stochastic frameworks. The deterministic simulations considered average water-retention data, adjusted
retention data to account for stones or cobbles, retention functions for a heterogeneous pore structure, and continuous retention
functions for preferential flow. The stochastic simulations applied the Monte Carlo approach which considers statistical distribution
and autocorrelation of the saturated conductivity and its cross correlation with the retention function. Although none of
the models is capable of accurately predicting field measurements, appreciable improvement in accuracy was attained using
stochastic, preferential flow, and heterogeneous pore-structure models. For the current study, continuum-flow models provide
reasonable accuracy for practical purposes, although they are expected to be less accurate than multi-domain preferential
flow models.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
12.
水-岩相互作用模拟的研究进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
水 岩相互作用的地球化学模拟已在模型建立和软件的开发方面取得了较大的进展。地球化学模型发展经历了从反向模拟到正向模拟,以及到现在的反应性溶质运移模拟的发展过程。许多计算模拟软件被开发出并投入到实际应用中,现在的模拟技术已能处理较大范围内温度变化、压力变化、组分变化,以及各种地质条件下的水 岩地球化学作用。许多水 岩相互作用问题要回答地质作用的过去历史,要解释或预测未来可能水环境变化,通过模拟已获得满意的解决。目前水 岩作用地球化学模拟取得的重要进步是动力学模型和耦合运移模拟已取得了实质性进展,并应用于实际研究之中。 相似文献
13.
Using Sequential Indicator Simulation as a Tool in Reservoir Description: Issues and Uncertainties 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Flow simulation studies require an accurate model of the reservoir in terms of its sedimentological architecture. Pixel-based reservoir modeling techniques are often used to model this architecture. There are, however, two problem areas with such techniques. First, several statistical parameters have to be provided whose influence on the resulting model is not readily inferable. Second, conditioning the models to relevant geological data that carry great uncertainty on their own adds to the difficulty of obtaining reliable models and assessing model reliability. The Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS) method has been used to examine the impact of such uncertainties on the final reservoir model. The effects of varying variogram types, frequencies of lithology occurrence, and the gridblock model orientation with respect to the sedimentological trends are illustrated using different reservoir modeling studies. Results indicate, for example, that the choice of variogram type can have a significant impact on the facies model. Also, reproduction of sedimentological trends and large geometries requires careful parameter selection. By choosing the appropriate modeling strategy, sedimentological principles can be translated into the numerical model. Solutions for dealing with such issues and the geological uncertainties are presented. In conclusion, each reservoir modeling study should begin by developing a thorough quantitative sedimentological understanding of the reservoir under study, followed by detailed sensitivity analyses of relevant statistical and geological parameters. 相似文献
14.
环境地球化学模拟是环境科学、地球化学等学科交叉的一个重要领域。这里在总结形态与饱和度模型、表面吸附模型、反应途径模型、逆向模型、复合反应溶质运移模型以及动力学模型原理的基础上,对包含上述模型的各种地球化学模拟软件进行了优缺点比对。总结了各模型在当前环境地化研究领域的重要应用课题,这将为从事相关领域的研究提供一些相对较新、较综合的信息,最后还针对环境地球化学模型的不足进行了相关探讨,对地球化学模型的发展趋势进行了预测。 相似文献
15.
Pore-scale models are becoming increasingly useful as predictive tools for modeling flow and transport in porous media. These
models can accurately represent the 3D pore-structure of real media. Currently first-principles modeling methods are being
employed for obtaining qualitative and quantitative behavior. Generally, artificial, simple boundary conditions are imposed
on a model that is used as a stand-alone tool for extracting macroscopic parameters. However, realistic boundary conditions,
reflecting flow and transport in surrounding media, may be necessary for behavior that occurs over larger length scales or
including pore-scale models in a multiscale setting. Here, pore-scale network models are coupled to adjacent media (additional
pore-scale or continuum-scale models) using mortars. Mortars are 2D finite-element spaces employed to couple independent subdomains
by enforcing continuity of pressure and flux at shared boundary interfaces. While mortars have been used in the past to couple
subdomains of different models, physics, and meshes, they are extended here for the first time to pore-scale models. The approach
is demonstrated by modeling single-phase flow in coupled pore-scale models, but the methodology can be utilized to model dynamic
processes and perform multiscale modeling in 3D continuum simulators for flow and transport. 相似文献
16.
Recharge and groundwater models: an overview 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
Ward Sanford 《Hydrogeology Journal》2002,10(1):110-120
Recharge is a fundamental component of groundwater systems, and in groundwater-modeling exercises recharge is either measured
and specified or estimated during model calibration. The most appropriate way to represent recharge in a groundwater model
depends upon both physical factors and study objectives. Where the water table is close to the land surface, as in humid climates
or regions with low topographic relief, a constant-head boundary condition is used. Conversely, where the water table is relatively
deep, as in drier climates or regions with high relief, a specified-flux boundary condition is used. In most modeling applications,
mixed-type conditions are more effective, or a combination of the different types can be used. The relative distribution of
recharge can be estimated from water-level data only, but flux observations must be incorporated in order to estimate rates
of recharge. Flux measurements are based on either Darcian velocities (e.g., stream baseflow) or seepage velocities (e.g.,
groundwater age). In order to estimate the effective porosity independently, both types of flux measurements must be available.
Recharge is often estimated more efficiently when automated inverse techniques are used. Other important applications are
the delineation of areas contributing recharge to wells and the estimation of paleorecharge rates using carbon-14.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
17.
模拟材料的选用以及其相关参数的测定是物理模拟实验的基础.当前采用的延性材料能通常有粘泥、石蜡、松香、塑化松香、塑胶粘土等,国内使用的流变仪主要为毛细管流变仪、旋转流变仪、落球式流变仪,国外对三轴流变仪的研制、应用已见成效.今后应加强新型模拟材料的研制、开发,同时积极研制、引进合适的流变仪. 相似文献
19.
3D structural modeling is a major instrument in geosciences, e.g. for the assessment of groundwater and energy resources or nuclear waste underground storage. Fault network modeling is a particularly crucial step during this task, for faults compartmentalize rock units and plays a key role in subsurface flow, whether faults are sealing barriers or drains. Whereas most structural uncertainty modeling techniques only allow for geometrical changes and keep the topology fixed, we propose a new method for creating realistic stochastic fault networks with different topologies. The idea is to combine an implicit representation of geological surfaces which provides new perspectives for handling topological changes with a stochastic binary tree to represent the spatial regions. Each node of the tree is a fault, separating the space in two fault blocks. Changes in this binary tree modify the fault relations and therefore the topology of the model. 相似文献
20.
Paul A. Sparks Jesse A. Sherburn William F. Heard Brett A. Williams 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(14):2328-2351
Terminal ballistics of concrete is of extreme importance to the military and civil communities. Over the past few decades, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been developed for various applications in the design of protective structures because UHPC has an enhanced ballistic resistance over conventional strength concrete. Developing predictive numerical models of UHPC subjected to penetration is critical in understanding the material's enhanced performance. This study employs the advanced fundamental concrete (AFC) model, and it will run inside the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM)-based code known as the nonlinear meshfree analysis program (NMAP). NMAP is advantageous for modeling impact and penetration problems that exhibit extreme deformation and material fragmentation. A comprehensive experimental study was conducted to characterize the UHPC. The investigation consisted of fracture toughness testing, the utilization of nondestructive microcomputed tomography analysis, and lastly projectile penetration shots on the UHPC targets. To improve the accuracy of the model, a new scaled damage evolution law (SDEL) is employed within the microcrack informed damage model. During the homogenized macroscopic calculation, the corresponding microscopic cell needs to be dimensionally equivalent to the mesh dimension when the partial differential equation becomes ill posed and strain softening ensues. To ensure arbitrary mesh geometry for which the homogenized stress-strain curves are derived, a size scaling law is incorporated into the homogenized tensile damage evolution law. This ensures energy-bridging equivalence of the microscopic cell to the homogenized medium irrespective of arbitrary mesh geometry. Results of numerical investigations will be compared with results of penetration experiments. 相似文献