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分析计算机技术目前在地震系统运用现状及现存的分析预报体系存在的问题 ,阐述建立数据仓库的必要性及可行性 ,指出应用数据仓库和VPN技术可以提高观测资料的使用效率降低获取信息的代价、进行网上会商、提高分析预报的效率和能力。 相似文献
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滑坡破坏时间预报新理论探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
廖小平 《地质灾害与环境保护》1994,5(3):25-29
本文概述了当前滑坡破坏时间预报的研究水平和现状。为了完善滑坡预报方法和提高滑坡预报水平,作者从滑坡破坏的基本概念入手,提出了一种滑坡破坏时间预报的新理论,推导和确定了预报标准,比较科学地建立了预报参数,并具体地探讨了各阶段预报的预报策略及其分析处理方法。同时,还展望了滑坡动力反应及其应用研究的广阔前景。 相似文献
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地质灾害预报预警水平的评价 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
倪化勇 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(2):130-133
预报预警是防灾减灾的重要手段。目前,我国及各省(直辖市)、自治区广泛开展了地质灾害-气象预报预警工作。因此,对其水平进行科学评价已成为一个重要的研究课题。论文在前人研究的基础上,分析我国地质灾害预报预警现状及对预报预警水平评价时存在的问题,用预报预警成功率衡量预报预警水平,并建立系统的地质灾害预报预警水平评价体系;从地质灾害预报预警需解决的基本问题出发,在充分考虑地质灾害发生“时、空、强”3要素的预报预警范围对预报预警成功率的影响后,相继建立了地质灾害“时、空、强”预报预警成功率、某次灾害预报预警成功率及某时段内地质灾害预报预警成功率模型;在该模型基础上,分别建立某次及某时段内地质灾害预报预警水平整体评价模型。论文提出的评价体系及评价模型符合我国目前地质灾害预报预警现状,为地质灾害预报预警水平评价提供了一条思路。 相似文献
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金属矿产资源评价分析系统设计 总被引：23，自引：2，他引：21
介绍了金属矿产资源评价分析系统的总体设计目标及由各种原始数据库为内容的事务处理层和以数据仓库、联机分析处理和数据挖掘为核心的分析应用层两部分所组成的系统总体结构。进而介绍了系统的数据仓库设计、专用型空间分析方法模型的功能以及系统的应用前景。 相似文献
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滑坡预报国内外研究动态及发展趋势 总被引：47，自引：3，他引：44
文章分析了大量的国内外相关研究报导,阐述了滑坡灾害给人类社会造成的重大危害．并对滑坡带来的直接损失与无形或隐伏的问接影响进行了归纳分析。从滑坡预报研究历程的角度,将滑坡预报研究的发展史划分为3个阶段,分别对滑坡预测预报的经验一统计学预报阶段、预测滑坡学形成阶段及现代科技全新预报阶段的国内外研究动态进行了分析。重点分析了目前滑坡预报研究所处的现代科技全新预报阶段之研究成果及方法,并归纳出目前滑坡预报研究领域中多种预报方法的综合应用、各种数理新理论引入、“3S”集成监测预报技术应用等3个特点。在此基础上,进一步分析了目前相关研究存在5个方面的不足,并结合最新研究成果,从滑坡预报理论方法、监测预报技术手段等方面对滑坡预报研究近期的发展趋势进行了初步预测。结论认为,滑坡灾害作为山区人类社会最为严重的自然灾害之一,其预测预报研究目前已进入现代科技全新预报研究阶段的鼎盛时期,计算智能集成预报方法的应用与“3S”集成监测预报技术的进一步应用研究是今后一段时期内滑坡预报研究发展的主题。 相似文献
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数据仓库以及针对数据仓库的多维数据分析工具OLAP（即联机分析处理）已开始大量运用于金融业和商业管理中并取得了良好的效果,但在地下工程中的应用很少。介绍了数据仓库和OLAP的基本概念、功能、特点,并针对小湾引水发电系统施工期监测数据库建立了一个简单的OLAP分析,可为管理人员提供快捷、简单、直观的查询,能从时间、测点类型、测点所属建筑物3种维（角度）及其不同层次上分析数据,OLAP与数据仓库技术相结合将是岩土工程安全风险管理的利器,并提出了OLAP技术在地下工程监测中进一步应用的方向。 相似文献
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从预报煤与瓦斯突出所获取的数据信息知，其信息多数为灰色特征。为突出其灰色特性，本文采用理想灰贴近函数聚类关联分析预测预报煤与瓦斯突出的危险程度，并将此方法同模糊聚类预测预报法和模糊聚类关联分析预报法及模糊聚类相似分析预报法进行了对比分析。由对比分析可知，采用4种数学方法预测预报煤与瓦斯是否突出，给出的结论是一致的，只是预测预报是否发生的可能程度略有差别。其中关联分析比相似分析计算过程较简单，且相似分析在确定编号时，有时受截值λ取值影响。尽管如此，但不影响预测预报结果。所以，不论是采用模糊聚类，还是灰色聚类数学方法预报煤与瓦斯突出均是可行的，可在实践中应用。 相似文献
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宽频带地震数据库是中国岩石圈三维结构数据库的子库之一.底层库为支持客户/服务器方式的SQL SERVER数据库;基于平台,管理系统用Visual Basic 6.0编程,使用MapObjects控件和ADO技术,实现了属性与空间双向查询、台站和震源两种途经浏览地震记录的波形以及元数据、属性数据、原始记录数据的查询一体化管理和可视化操作. 相似文献
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Souhila Chabane Djamel Machane Mohamed Yacine Tebbouche Fatma Khaldaoui El-Hadi Oubaiche Rabah Bensalem Armand Mariscal 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(3):69
The Dar El Beida area, situated in the Mitidja basin, in the north central Tellian Atlas is characterized by its Plio-Quaternary sediments. The site effect analysis in this zone surrounding Algiers city is very important. The soil is constituted from recent soft sediments capable of amplifying seismic motion. Indeed, the analysis thanks to the ratio H/V ambient vibration method confirms these assumptions. An electric resistivity tomography strengthened the results obtained from ambient vibration for site characterization. This demonstrates once again the more or less homogeneous character of formations in this area. However, strongly amplifying its sediments largely explains the seismic acceleration of 0.52 g recorded following the 2003 Boumerdes earthquake. 相似文献
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基于GIS的城市防震减灾信息系统设计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文以地理信息系统系列工具软件为开发平台,采用先进的计算机数据库管理技术和可视化技术,设计了城市防震减灾信息系统,为政府部门进行城市震前、震时、震后的科学管理提供有力的辅助工具,为提高城市综合防震能力提供有效手段。文章采用了系统化设计思想,阐述了城市防震减灾信息系统的组成及其功能,并详细介绍了基础数据库的构建过程。 相似文献
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Vulnerability index and capacity spectrum based methods for urban seismic risk evaluation. A comparison 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
This article contributes to the development and application of two latest-generation methods of seismic risk analysis in urban
areas. The first method, namely vulnerability index method (VIM), considers five non-null damage states, defines the action
in terms of macroseismic intensity and the seismic quality of the building by means of a vulnerability index. The estimated
damage degree is measured by semi-empirical functions. The second method, namely capacity spectrum based method (CSBM), considers
four no damage states, defines the seismic action in terms of response spectra and the building vulnerability by means of
its capacity spectrum. In order to apply both methods to Barcelona (Spain) and compare the results, a deterministic and a
probabilistic hazard scenario with soil effects are used. The deterministic one corresponds to a historic earthquake, while
the probabilistic seismic ground motion has a probability of exceedence of 10% in 50 years. Detailed information on the building
design has been obtained along years by collecting, arranging, improving, and completing the database of the dwellings of
the city. A Geographic Information System (GIS) has been customized allowing storing, analysing, and displaying this large
amount of spatial and tabular data of dwellings. The obtained results are highly consistent with the historical and modern
evolution of the populated area and show the validity and strength of both methods. Although Barcelona has a low to moderate
seismic hazard, its expected seismic risk is significant because of the high vulnerability of its buildings. Cities such as
Barcelona, located in a low to moderate seismic hazard region, are usually not aware of the seismic risk. The detailed risk
maps obtained offer a great opportunity to guide the decision making in the field of seismic risk prevention and mitigation
in Barcelona, and for emergency planning in the city. 相似文献
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矿山环境可持续发展决策支持系统空间数据库设计与开发 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍了矿山环境决策支持系统空间数据库设计思路、构成、功能以及系统建立的主要技术环节.该数据库包括10个子空间数据库.该数据库提供信息输入、空间检索和查询、空间分析、输出功能.矿山环境决策支持决策系统空间数据库的建立将为矿山开发与环境保护协调发展提供帮助. 相似文献
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Extensive passive seismic prospecting has been conducted in the historical center of Venice (North Italy) aimed to map subsoil impedance contrast. Venice represents an emblematic study site of the challenging characteristics that can be encountered in historical sites, both stratigraphic and logistical, limiting the application of common microzonation techniques. A total of 82 single station passive HVSR acquisitions and passive surface wave arrays analysis have been performed to estimate the main impedance contrasts of the first subsoil, capable of interaction in terms of resonance with the monumental buildings. The results of the geophysical analysis have been integrated with available stratigraphic information derived from published researches and from hundreds of boreholes stored in an institutional database. The results have been then analyzed by means of a geostatistical approach based on cokriging interpolation, which permitted to map the impedance contrast beneath the ancient historical center. The adopted interpolation algorithm permitted to map the impedance contrast with an integrated use of existing information based on HVSR acquisitions and stratigraphic data. The map of impedance contrast is congruent with the literature geo-engineering evidences such as subsidence and geological reconstructions. The achieved results open new perspectives for the use and analysis of passive seismic techniques in challenging environments as historical urban centers characterized by high subsoil heterogeneity. Moreover, an improved knowledge of the shallow stratigraphy would permit to shed light on the complex interactions between anthropic activities and geoenvironmental processes, including climate change that characterized the long history of Venice. 相似文献
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Quantification of seismic activity is one of the most challenging problems faced by earthquake engineers in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. Currently, this problem has been attempted using empirical approaches which are based on the regional earthquake recurrence relations from the available earthquake catalogue. However, at a specified site of engineering interest, these empirical models are associated with large number of uncertainties due to lack of sufficient data. Due to these uncertainties, engineers need to develop mechanistic models to quantify seismic activity. A wide range of techniques for modeling continental plates provides useful insights on the mechanics of plates and their seismic activity. Among the different continental plates, the Indian plate experiences diffused seismicity. In India, although Himalaya is regarded as a plate boundary and active region, the seismicity database indicates that there are other regions in the Indian shield reporting sporadic seismic activity. It is expected that mechanistic models of Indian plate, based on finite element method, simulate stress fields that quantify the seismic potential of active regions in India. This article explores the development of a finite element model for Indian plate by observing the simulated stress field for various boundary conditions, geological and rheological conditions. The study observes that the magnitude and direction of stresses in the plate is sensitive to these conditions. The numerical analysis of the models shows that the simulated stress field represents the active seismic zones in India. 相似文献
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以标贯试验为依据的砂土液化确定性及概率判别法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
核电厂址非基岩场地的地基液化问题是核电厂选址的关键问题,亟需建立核电厂址地基液化判别方法。回顾了以标贯试验和地表峰值加速度为依据的砂土液化判别方法的演化历史,依据Idriss-Boulanger确定液化临界曲线的基本方法,提出了确定液化临界曲线的基本原则,分别依据美国液化数据库、中国抗震规范液化判别式所用的液化数据及综合两者的液化数据资料,给出了相应的液化临界曲线,验证了液化临界曲线的位置对不同的细粒含量、有效上覆压力、现场试验方法的液化数据的合理性,分析了测量或估计土层循环应力比和修正标贯击数各种因素的不确定性对液化临界曲线的敏感性,结果表明：所提的液化临界曲线不易受各种因素的影响。利用Monte Carlo模拟、加权最大似然法和加权经验概率法,给出了液化临界曲线的名义抗液化安全系数与液化概率的经验关系式及概率等值线,并对核电厂Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类抗震物项地基,给出了相应的液化临界曲线。 相似文献
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本文介绍了该子数据库的整个设计过程，对剖面图中的数据内容、数据分类和数据之间的联系了详细分析，并给出了适用于关系型数据库管理系统的勘探剖面数据库文件结构。 相似文献
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A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) for the Horn of Africa is presented. Our seismicity database consists of a revised and up-to-date regional catalogue compiled from different agencies, checked for completeness with respect to time and homogenized with respect to magnitude (Ms). The seismic source zones are based on our present day knowledge of the regional seismotectonics. Among the results we present regional hazard maps for 0.01 annual probability for intensity and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and hazard curves and response spectra for six economical significant sites within the region. The model uncertainties with respect to seismicity are analysed in a novel approach and form part of a sensitivity analysis that quantifies our PSHA modelling uncertainties.
For 0.01 annual probability we find randomly oriented horizontal PGA that exceed just 0.2 g and MM-scale intensity VIII in the Afar depression and southern Sudan. Uncertainties amount to 20% g PGA in some cases, mainly due to attenuation uncertainties. Intensity uncertainties seldom exceed 0.5 intensity units. Relatively large seismic hazard is found for Djibouti (VIII for 0.01 annual probability), slightly lower for the port of Massawa (between VII and VIII for 0.01 annual probability) and low for the port of Assab (between VI and VII for 0.01 annual probability). 相似文献