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双功能潜水器是目前国际上比较新型的可用于深海水下观察和作业的装备。既可有缆载人／无人，又可无缆载人。该潜水器最大工作深度450m，其结构材料和结构形式与以往类似的装备不同。文章对双功能潜水器耐压壳结构和载体框架设计中的一些问题进行了探讨，提出的设计思想和计算方法，这对获得一个具有最轻结构重量的实用的双功能潜水器结构具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Abstract. Sediment characteristics determining macrofauna communities were investigated on the continental shelf of Crete. The sedimentary environment of the outer continental shelf of Crete is characterized by a silty substrate with significant decrease in chlorophyll a and organic carbon concentration with depth. Redox potential values indicated an ample supply of oxygen at all depths. Values of most production-related parameters TOC, chlorophyll a , ATP were found at the low end of the range reported from the literature even though the sampling stations were very close to the coastline. Organic carbon to chlorophyll ratios in the sediments indicated that most of the organic material is of phytoplankton origin; the quality of the organic material in the outer shelf, however, seems to be of lower bioavailability. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2015
At the time of writing, the EU has just finished appointing a new cohort of senior representatives for the period 2014–2019. This includes appointing a Commissioner with a newly defined remit for Environment, Maritime Affairs and Fisheries and the members of the various Committees of the European Parliament with competences related to maritime affairs. These individuals will invariably spend at least part of their first months in office identifying their respective priorities for the coming years. This commentary seeks to contribute to these deliberations by making concrete suggestions for priorities that might be considered as regards the future of the EU’s Integrated Maritime Policy (IMP). Seven years since its launch, the IMP remains very much a work in progress. Drawing on recent academic studies of the EU’s various ocean related policies this commentary argues that two of the greatest weaknesses of the IMP are the sectoral nature of priority-setting and strategy-making as well as the lack of a funding tool to implement its aims. Two concrete proposals are made, specifically aimed at the incoming EU leadership, which seek to address these weaknesses and to realize the aims articulated in the IMP. 相似文献
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文中介绍陆地影像图与港口航道图镶嵌的制图工艺,影像图与港口航道图镶嵌后的成图质量评价。简单阐述了作者在绘制该图种过程中的一些体会,以及影像图取代现有港口航道图上陆地地形的可行性。 相似文献
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《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):155-166
Development of ocean community systems relating to the Taiwan Strait Tunnel (TST) project, with regionalization and multistage approach is proposed. The purposes of these systems are to assist the development of coastal marine lands and harbor facilities and to develop connecting isolated islands into an organized community by means of embankment roadways, tunnels, bridges, ferryboats, and so on. The major aim of such an approach is to develop the isolated abandoned islands into useful land improvement, expand the forest, agriculture, and fishing industries and other resources to generate additional revenue to subsidize some of the cost for building the TST. This article points out the systems' importance, outlines the general procedures, and discusses a possible transportation network connecting islands with land; and the outlines development of the knowledge-based expert system computer program to be applied to the ocean community systems relating to the TST project. 相似文献
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Hsai-Yang Fang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2003,21(3):155-166
Development of ocean community systems relating to the Taiwan Strait Tunnel (TST) project, with regionalization and multistage approach is proposed. The purposes of these systems are to assist the development of coastal marine lands and harbor facilities and to develop connecting isolated islands into an organized community by means of embankment roadways, tunnels, bridges, ferryboats, and so on. The major aim of such an approach is to develop the isolated abandoned islands into useful land improvement, expand the forest, agriculture, and fishing industries and other resources to generate additional revenue to subsidize some of the cost for building the TST. This article points out the systems' importance, outlines the general procedures, and discusses a possible transportation network connecting islands with land; and the outlines development of the knowledge-based expert system computer program to be applied to the ocean community systems relating to the TST project. 相似文献
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Brian Chatterton 《Marine Policy》1982,6(2):147-148
In an article published in Marine Policy a year ago, (Lynne and Brian Chatterton, ‘How much political compromise can fisheries management stand’, Vol 5, No 1, April 1981), it was argued that management of South Australian coastal fisheries reflected the political ideology of the government in power, rather than the biological and socioeconomic imperatives of the resource. In the first article below, A.M. Olsen, former Director of Fisheries, criticizes the Chattertons' conclusions, maintaining that fisheries should be managed by professionals not politicians and that many of Brian Chatterton's problems during his tenure as Minister of Fisheries were of his own making. In the Chattertons' response, they point out that by allocating management of the resource between various vested interests (including government bureaucracy) a minister is making a political decision. In the third article, R.D. Walkerden, a former Permanent Secretary to Fisheries Ministers in South Australia, offers an administrator's view of the controversy. Detailed and parochial as some of the points at issue appear, the debate provides an illuminating view of some of the ideological and organizational conflicts that can hinder the effective management of a coastal resource. 相似文献
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J. A. Karson P. J. Fox H. Sloan K. T. Crane W. S. F. Kidd E. Bonatti J. B. Stroup D. J. Fornari D. Elthon P. Hamlyn J. F. Casey D. G. Gallo D. Needham R. Sartori OTTER 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1984,6(2):109-141
Seven dives in the submersible ALVIN and four deep-towed (ANGUS) camera lowerings have been made at the eastern ridge-transform intersection of the Oceanographer Transform with the axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These data constrain our understanding of the processes that create and shape the distinctive morphology that is characteristic of slowly-slipping ridge-transform-ridge plate boundaries. Although the geological relationships observed in the rift valley floor in the study area are similar to those reported for the FAMOUS area, we observe a distinct change in the character of the rift valley floor with increasing proximity to the transform. Over a distance of approximately ten kilometers the volcanic constructional terrain becomes increasingly more disrupted by faulting and degraded by mass wasting. Moreover, proximal to the transform boundary, faults with orientations oblique to the trend of the rift valley are recognized. The morphology of the eastern rift valley wall is characterized by inward-facing scarps that are ridge-axis parallel, but the western rift valley wall, adjacent to the active transform zone, is characterized by a complex fault pattern defined by faults exhibiting a wide range of orientations. However, even for transform parallel faults no evidence for strike-slip displacement is observed throughout the study area and evidence for normal (dip-slip) displacement is ubiquitous. Basalts, semi-consolidated sediments (chalks, debris slide deposits) and serpentinized ultramafic rocks are recovered from localities within or proximal to the rift valley. The axis of accretion-principal transform displacement zone intersection is not clearly established, but appears to be located along the E-W trending, southern flank of the deep nodal basin that defines the intersection of the transform valley with the rift floor. 相似文献
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P. J. Fox R. H. Moody J. A. Karson E. Bonatti W. S. F. Kidd K. Crane D. G. Gallo J. B. Stroup D. J. Fornari D. Elthon P. Hamlyn J. F. Casey D. Needham R. Sartori 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1985,7(3):329-358
Three dives in submersible ALVIN and four deep-towed camera lowerings have been made along the transform valley of the Oceanographer Transform. These data constrain our understanding of the processes that create and shape the distinctive morphology that is characteristic of slowly slipping ridge-transform-ridge (RTR) plate boundaries. Our data suggest that the locus of strike-slip tectonism, called the transform fault zone (TFZ), is confined to a narrow swath (<4 km) that is centered along the axis of maximum depth. The TFZ is flanked by the inward facing slopes of the transform valley. The lower portions of the valley walls are characterized by broad sloping exposures of undisrupted sediment but at higher elevations the walls are made up of inward facing scarps and terraces of variable dimensions. Although the scarps have been badly degraded by mass wasting, there is no evidence to suggest that these scarps have accommodated significant amounts of strike-slip motion. Plutonic and ultramafic rocks are exposed on these scarps and the occurrence of this diverse assemblage on small-throw faults indicates that the crust is thin and/or discontinuous in this environment. We suggest that this complex igneous assemblage is the product of anomalous accretionary processes that are characteristic of slowly-slipping RTR plate boundaries. 相似文献
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This article addresses the question of allocation of living marine resources among countries. We examine the principles for distribution emanating from the global rules for ocean governance, review state practice, and consider some distributional effects of conservation measures. We find that it is difficult to ascertain the influence of the distribution principles with any greater degree of precision. The principles vary with regard to their ease of operationalization. Further, state practice shows that distributional principles serve to define the scope for a range of different distributional outcomes, but their relative importance remains elusive. Thus, distributional outcomes cannot be explained in terms of these principles alone. A measure of politics is always at play. 相似文献
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A. G. Rodnikov A. G. Gainanov B. V. Yermakov V. M. Kovylin V. A. Seliverstov Ya. B. Smirnov P. A. Stroev Yu. K. Shchukin T. Kato H. Shimamura 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1985,7(3):379-387
The paper presents the results of geological-geophysical research carried out during the Soviet-Japanese cooperative study of the structure and dynamics of the Earth's crust and upper mantle in the transition zone from the Pacific Ocean to the Asian continent. The 300 km deep geological-geophysical section of the tectonosphere (geotraverse) has been compiled on the basis of combined interpretations of seismic, geological, petrographic, gravimetric, magnetometric, electromagnetic and heat flow measurements. Estimates were made of deep temperatures along the geotraverse and of the depths of the partial melting level that can be identified with the upper boundary of the asthenosphere. 相似文献
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Louis E. Garrison 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(1-4):117-122
Abstract SEASWAB is one element of the Delta Project of the U.S. Geological Survey, a cooperative effort with several universities and other governmental agencies to investigate the processes that cause marine‐sediment instability. The basic purpose of the SEASWAB experiment was to obtain field measurements of sediment motion and pore‐pressure variations in soft sediment affected by wave‐pressure perturbations. This article serves as an introduction to the six papers that follow and that together make up a report on the results of SEASWAB. 相似文献
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RenéJean Dupuy 《Marine Policy》1981,5(3):286-287
UNCLOS III has been the forum for an unprecedented set of negotiations: the Conference has brought together all the states of the world, with the purpose of sharing out the oceans between the various categories of countries. The framework of this great meeting is seemingly that of a classic intergovernmental conference. But in fact this framework, developing certain practices that have already been tried in other assemblies, is making use of new methods of negotiation and decision making for all the questions under discussion. 相似文献
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《Physical Oceanography》2000,10(5):379-379
1998 International Year of the Ocean
The Ocean Charter 相似文献18.
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The Jason-1 Mission 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
Yves M nard Lee-Lueng Fu P. Escudier F. Parisot J. Perbos P. Vincent S. Desai B. Haines G. Kunstmann 《Marine Geodesy》2003,26(3):131-146
On December 7, 2001, the Jason-1 satellite was successfully launched by a Boeing Delta II rocket from the Vandenberg site in California, USA. Its main mission was to maintain the high accuracy altimeter measurements, provided since 1992 by TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P), ensuring continuity in observing and monitoring the ocean for intraseasonal to interannual changes, mean sea level, tides, and so forth. Despite four times less mass and power, the Jason-1 system has been designed to have the same performances as T/P, measuring sea surface topography at the centimeter level. This new Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales/National Aeronautics and Space Administration (CNES/NASA) mission also provides near real-time data for sea state and ocean forecast. The first 10 months of the Jason mission were dedicated to the verification of the system performance and cross-calibration with T/P measurements. A complete CALVAL plan was conducted by the Science and Project Teams of the mission based on in situ and regional experiments, global statistical approaches, and multisatellite comparisons, taking advantage of the T/P-Jason overlap during the first months of the mission. CALVAL and first science results showed that the Jason-1 performances were compliant with prelaunch specifications. This was a needed preamble before starting the routine phase of the mission in July 2003 with generation and distribution of validated geophysical data records to the whole user community. 相似文献