共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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南大洋Ekman输运是全球大气-海洋耦合气候系统的重要组成部分,对该区域Ekman动力过程的研究极为重要。首先基于实测数据和文献资料,对GEKCO2(Geostrophicand EkmanCurrent Observatory2)产品提供的Ekman流数据进行了评估,验证了数据的有效性;并结合CCMP(cross-calibratedmulti-platform)、ERA5(thefifthgenerationEuropeancentreformedium-range weatherforecastsatmosphericreanalysis)风场数据,采用经验正交函数分析法(empiricalorthogonal function,EOF)等方法分析了2010—2018年南大洋Ekman流的时空变化规律。结果表明:(1)南大洋Ekman流速集中在9—11 cm/s,且具有很强的月际变化特征(7月最强, 12月最弱);(2)南大洋40°S以北海域是Ekman流速随时间变化较大的区域;(3)南大洋Ekman流速的EOF分析显示:第一模态和风场存在较强的相关性,表现为流速在整体上同时增强或减弱;第二模态和南半球中高纬大气环流存在较强的相关性,表现为以50°S为界南北流速反向变化;(4)Ekman流左偏角度集中在60°—75°,其中概率密度最大值处所对应的角度为67.5°。通过矢量相关分析,得到30°—35°S海域的平均偏角存在月际变化。南大洋的Ekman动力过程对海洋环流和全球气候系统具有重大影响,本文对于进一步理解南大洋的Ekman过程具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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基于变分理论算法实现了METOP-A卫星AVHRR传感器探测数据的海洋表面温度变分反演，进行了连续1个月的海表温度反演试验，并分别从全球、分纬度带和天气系统活跃区域3个方面，将变分反演结果（VAR SST）与利用统计回归方法反演相同卫星得到的海表温度产品（GBL SST）、其他海温融合产品（OISST）及实际浮标观测数据等进行一系列评估。从全球评估指标看出，以OISST为参照，VAR SST要优于GBL SST；以浮标观测为参照，VAR SST略逊于GBL SST，而且VAR SST还改进了GBL SST随时间波动大的缺点；从分纬度带对比看出，在与OISST对比时，VAR SST在低纬度地区和北半球中纬度地区的质量要优于GBL SST，海温反演精度较高。研究还表明，由于变分方法考虑了大气状态的变化，能够更加有效订正卫星遥感过程中大气的削弱作用，从而反演出精度更高的海表温度，尤其在天气系统较为复杂的区域效果明显。 相似文献
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基于ARGO资料的MTSAT海温产品误差分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用全球海洋观测网计划ARGO浮标的表层海温测量值分析了MTSAT卫星的海温反演误差。结果显示,平均绝对误差为0.73℃,均方根误差为0.885℃,满足应用需要;海温反演异常点多分布在30°N以北的高纬区域。为了确保海温产品数据的可靠性,需要通过数据误差控制技术来检测和控制海表温度反演的异常值,影像边缘和高纬地区的区域数据应谨慎使用。 相似文献
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利用中国2008年9月发射的自主 HJ-1B 卫星热红外遥感影像数据,基于实测数据对已有海表温度反演的单窗算法进行了改进与简化,重新订正了大气透射率和大气平均作用温度估算方程,建立了基于实测数据验证的 HJ-1B 卫星海表温度定量反演业务化算法.将本算法与段四波等的改进算法用于实验海区海表温度的反演,反演结果与卫星同步实测海温数据的对比表明:本研究算法反演结果与现场同步实测海表温度平均误差约为0.76,℃段四波等改进算法反演结果平均误差约为1.09℃.本算法为 HJ-1B 卫星海表温度产品的业务化应用提供了便捷可行的方案 相似文献
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海洋上混合层中的次级环流可通过物质和能量的垂直输运和混合过程把海洋表层的热量、动量与物质携带到次表层,对海洋上层次级环流生成机制的研究可以丰富对上层海洋的理解和认识。文中利用线性稳定性理论讨论了经典海表Ekman流的不稳定性,提出Ekman流的不稳定性可生成一种新型的次级环流。这种次级环流的空间尺度与雷诺数、Ekman流的垂向衰减速率、水平湍黏性系数与垂向湍黏性系数比值等密切相关,尺度范围从数十米到数千米。数十米量级的次级环流其垂向结构以及次级环流流轴与主流场偏角都与Langmuir环流的特征极为相似,是Langmuir环流形成机制的一种新解释。千米量级的次级环流能够解释黄海浒苔的条带分布。此外,所得次级环流的流轴与主流之间的偏角与科氏力有显著关系,北半球次级环流流轴偏向主流左侧,南半球反之。 相似文献
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卡尔曼滤波在卫星红外、微波海表温度数据融合中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卫星红外波段测量海表温度具有空间分辨率高的优点,但受云的影响而导致数据空间覆盖率低;微波辐射计具有全天候、穿透性优势,但空间分辨率低,而且近岸区域受到陆地电磁波的干扰,不能反演有效的海表温度.由于单一卫星传感器获取的数据存在一定的局限性和差异性,因此根据不同卫星传感器的特点,将红外、微波传感器卫星数据进行数据融合具有重要的实际应用意义.卡尔曼滤波是一种最优化自回归数据处理算法,本文将卡尔曼滤波法应用于红外和微波卫星海表温度数据融合研究,给出全天候、高分辨率的海表温度.研究区域为西北太平洋区域:10°N～50°N,105°E～145°E,研究数据时间为2008年3月. 相似文献
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An approximate solution of wave-modified Ekman current for gradually varying eddy viscosity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jin-Bao Song Yan-Song Huang 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(6):668-676
An approximate steady solution of the wave-modified Ekman current is presented for gradually varying eddy viscosity by using the WKB method with the variation of parameters technique. The parameters involved in the solution can be determined by the two-dimensional wavenumber spectrum of ocean waves, wind speed, the Coriolis parameter and the densities of air and water. The solution reduces to the exact solution when the eddy viscosity is taken as a constant. As illustrative examples, for a fully developed wind-generated sea with different wind speeds and a few proposed gradually varying eddy viscosities, the current profiles calculated from the approximate solutions are compared with those of the exact solutions or numerical ones by using the Donelan and Pierson wavenumber spectrum, the WAM wave model formulation for wind input energy to waves, and wave energy dissipation converted to currents. It is shown that the approximate solution presented has an elegant form and yet would be valid for any given gradually varying eddy viscosity. The applicability of the solution method to the real ocean is discussed following the comparisons with published observational data and with the results from a large eddy simulation of the Ekman layer. 相似文献
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A Wind stress–Current Coupled System (WCCS) consisting of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and an improved wind stress algorithm based on Donelan et al. [Donelan, W.M., Drennan, Katsaros, K.B., 1997. The air–sea momentum flux in mixed wind sea and swell conditions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 2087–2099] is developed by using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF). The WCCS is applied to the global ocean to study the interactions between the wind stress and the ocean surface currents. In this study, the ocean surface current velocity is taken into consideration in the wind stress calculation and air–sea heat flux calculation. The wind stress that contains the effect of ocean surface current velocity will be used to force the HYCOM. The results indicate that the ocean surface velocity exerts an important influence on the wind stress, which, in turn, significantly affects the global ocean surface currents, air–sea heat fluxes, and the thickness of ocean surface boundary layer. Comparison with the TOGA TAO buoy data, the sea surface temperature from the wind–current coupled simulation showed noticeable improvement over the stand-alone HYCOM simulation. 相似文献
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Jin-Bao Song 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(5):659-671
The response of near-surface current profiles to wind and random surface waves are studied based on the approach of Jenkins [1989. The use of a wave prediction model for driving a near surface current model. Dtsch. Hydrogr. Z. 42, 134–149] and Tang et al. [2007. Observation and modeling of surface currents on the Grand Banks: a study of the wave effects on surface currents. J. Geophys. Res. 112, C10025, doi:10.1029/2006JC004028]. Analytic steady solutions are presented for wave-modified Ekman equations resulting from Stokes drift, wind input and wave dissipation for a depth-independent constant eddy viscosity coefficient and one that varies linearly with depth. The parameters involved in the solutions can be determined by the two-dimensional wavenumber spectrum of ocean waves, wind speed, the Coriolis parameter and the densities of air and water, and the solutions reduce to those of Lewis and Belcher [2004. Time-dependent, coupled, Ekman boundary layer solutions incorporating Stokes drift. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans. 37, 313–351] when only the effects of Stokes drift are included. As illustrative examples, for a fully developed wind-generated sea with different wind speeds, wave-modified current profiles are calculated and compared with the classical Ekman theory and Lewis and Belcher's [2004. Time-dependent, coupled, Ekman boundary layer solutions incorporating Stokes drift. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 37, 313–351] modification by using the Donelan and Pierson [1987. Radar scattering and equilibrium ranges in wind-generated waves with application to scatterometry. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 4971–5029] wavenumber spectrum, the WAM wave model formulation for wind input energy to waves, and wave energy dissipation converted to currents. Illustrative examples for a fully developed sea and the comparisons between observations and the theoretical predictions demonstrate that the effects of the random surface waves on the classical Ekman current are important, as they change qualitatively the nature of the Ekman layer. But the effects of the wind input and wave dissipation on surface current are small, relative to the impact of the Stokes drift. 相似文献
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近十余年来,海洋和大气相互作用这一课题日益受到人们的关注。从海-气边界层结构以及通过海面的物理量和化学量输送机制的研究到大尺度海洋和大气相互作用的研究都取得了可喜的成果。此外,还从海洋和大气相互作用的观点探索了风暴潮预报的新的可能途径[2]。然而,由于问题的复杂性,通过海面以及海-气边界层的物理量的小尺度输送机制迄未得到澄清,企图从本质上改善大尺度海洋和大气相互作用的理论是不现实的。 相似文献
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近年来厄尔尼诺期间北赤道流输运的年际变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究近年来厄尔尼诺期间北赤道流输运的年际变化,本文利用海洋客观分析数据MOAA GPV(Grid Point Value of the Monthly Objective Analysis)以及P-vector方法计算了北太平洋绝对地转流,探讨了2001~2013年期间厄尔尼诺与北赤道流输运之间的关系。在此期间发生的4次厄尔尼诺事件中,北赤道流输运在2002~2003、2006~2007、2009~2010年的厄尔尼诺成熟期都出现了明显的增强,但是在2004~2005年的厄尔尼诺成熟期并没有明显的增强。进一步分析发现,在2002~2003年、2006~2007年、2009~2010年的厄尔尼诺成熟期,10°N以南的热带西北太平洋区域出现了负的海面高度异常和气旋式环流异常,这主要是由热带环流区域出现的西风异常和正的Ekman抽吸通过Rossby波西传到热带西太平洋区域所致;但是在2004~2005年厄尔尼诺成熟期,海面温度异常的分布明显不同,西风异常和正的Ekman抽吸异常明显北移,导致负的海面高度异常和气旋式环流异常出现在了10°N以北的西北太平洋区域,使得北赤道流输运在2004~2005年的厄尔尼诺成熟期没有明显的增强。 相似文献
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Based on vector-algebraic analysis of random processes, we study the statistical structure of the synoptic variability of currents measured by an ADCP in the upper mixed layer in the central part of the continental slope of the Laptev Sea in 2006–2007. The results of statistical analysis show that in some cases the synoptic currents in the surface layer of the sea are signs of wind drift currents. This is indicated by the high correlation between the tangential friction of wind and currents, as well as the reversal of the depth of current vectors and the major axes of the ellipses of the mean-square deviation of the Ekman spiral. Due to the large variability of wind flows and stratification of water masses, the penetration depth of these currents is small and varies from 6 to 30 m, with pronounced seasonal variation. In deeper layers, no relationship between the currents and anemobaric forces is traced. It is concluded that the fluctuations of synoptic scale currents in the area of the continental slope of the Laptev Sea represent a superposition of Ekman drift currents and movements associated with free baroclinic Kelvin waves. These currents are the dominant contributor in the upper 30-m layer of the ocean, while waves play a key role in deeper waters. 相似文献
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本文是文献[3]研究工作的继续。利用文献[3]中所用的海-气边界层模式,重点考虑海深和底坡的影响,将该文的研究成果直接推广到有限深海的情形,和无限深海情形下所获得的相应结果进行比较,简洁地阐明两者的异同,并就海底摩擦以及浅海风暴潮的估值和导致风暴潮的发生和发展的大气强迫力作一简短讨论。 相似文献
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中等海况下,星载合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)已经广泛应用于海洋动力环境要素的监测(风场、波浪、流场)。近年来,SAR高海况遥感,尤其是探测台风海面风场、巨浪、流场已经成为国内外研究热点,并突破了一些关键技术。利用SAR多极化成像模式对海观测和新发展的地球物理模式函数,可以提取高海况下的海面风速、风向、有效波高、流速和流向等海洋表面关键物理参数。这些环境要素可以用于海洋灾害监测预警;为海洋和大气数值模式提供准确的初始场和同化源,改进模式预报精度;为研究全球气候变化提供有力的观测依据。 相似文献