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基于巴拉素井田多孔抽水试验的含水层特征及水力联系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
抽水试验是获取地下水含水层水文地质参数的有效手段之一。为了准确掌握各含水层特征及水力联系,以巴拉素井田为例,通过抽水试验、理论分析、水质化验等方法对井田先期开采地段内开采煤层富水情况、各主要含水层水文地质特征及其水力联系等进行研究。结果表明:矿井未来开采的2、3、8号煤的富水性均较弱;主要含水层中,除第四系含水层富水性中～强、白垩系洛河组含水层富水性中等以外,其它含水层均富水性弱;第四系含水层和白垩系洛河组含水层之间水力联系密切,侏罗系直罗组含水层与白垩系洛河组含水层之间未发现水力联系,侏罗系直罗组含水层与2号煤之间未发现水力联系;3号煤与8号煤之间未发现水力联系。本次抽水试验成果,为矿井未来水文地质及防治矿井水害工作提供了有力的理论依据,同时对周边条件类似矿井具有一定的借鉴价值。 相似文献
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山东省汶泗河冲洪积平原轴部第四系厚度较大,孔隙地下水分层分布,由于补给径流条件不同导致其水质差别较大,研究含水层间的水力联系对于水资源管理及优质地下水可持续开发利用等具有十分重要的意义。采用群孔抽水试验方法研究苑庄水源地浅层和深层孔隙水之间的水力联系。群孔抽水后6眼抽水井水质指标整体高于抽水前,附近有串层水井的抽水井增加最大,4项指标平均升高1.07倍。抽水试验期间深层观测孔水位变化与抽水井相一致;浅层观测孔水位除有串层的孔稍有下降趋势外,其它孔均呈现自然波动状态。附近有串层水井的抽水井抽水量中浅层孔隙水的补给量比例比其它抽水井要高4倍。抽水前后水质、抽水期间水位动态变化规律、抽水井抽水量中浅层孔隙水补给量占比均表明深层孔隙水在开发利用过程中会受浅层孔隙水影响,但是可通过合理止水减弱含水层之间的水力联系。 相似文献
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为进一步查明孟加拉国巴拉普库利亚煤矿水文地质特征及含水层间水力联系,为矿井水害防治提供理论依据,以19组水质化验数据为基础,结合含水层及隔水层空间展布特征、井田构造特征、水位历时曲线、水化学类型、氢氧同位素特征等,综合分析新近系UDT含水层、Ⅵ煤顶板含水层、Ⅵ煤含水层之间的水力联系。结果表明,井田北部LDT隔水层局部缺失,为UDT含水层水向含煤地层补给提供了条件;井田北翼煤层顶板含水层与UDT含水层水位变化规律密切相关,且水位相近,初步证明两者存在水力联系;各含水层水均为HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg型,均为低矿化度水,进一步证明各含水层间存在水力循环;聚类分析结果表明各含水层水质存在一定关联度,推演含水层间水力联系程度;氢(δD)氧(δ18O)同位素特征点分布于全球大气降水线附近,表明大气降水是各含水层共同的补给水源。研究成果可以指导孟加拉国巴拉普库利亚煤矿Ⅵ煤层开采时水害防治方向。 相似文献
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山西庞庞塔矿地下水化学特征及含水层间水力联系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据矿区补勘钻孔抽水取得的水质化验资料,重点对影响煤层开采的奥陶系中统石灰岩岩溶裂隙含水层和太原组灰岩岩溶裂隙含水层进行了水化学特征分析,结果发现,奥陶系峰峰组含水层中SO42-离子含量普遍较高,大部分地段高于HCO3-离子含量,阳离子以Ca2+和Mg2+离子为主,水化学类型以SO4-Ca· Mg型为主;上马家沟组含水层SO42-离子含量较峰峰组岩溶裂隙水明显下降.根据各钻孔水质化验的主要离子成分、矿化度、总硬度及水化学类型进行各含水层间的水力联系分析,认为峰峰组含水层与上马家沟组含水层、太灰含水层与奥灰含水层水力联系均较弱.该研究可为矿井开采中开展水害防治提供参考. 相似文献
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为了探查桃园煤矿Ⅱ2采区太原组灰岩含水层与深部奥灰含水层之间的水力联系,开展了井下太灰含水层的放水试验。基于放水试验成果资料,利用Visual MODFLOW三维有限差分软件,经过多次模型调整,最终确定了符合采区水文地质条件的数值模型,查明了两含水层间的水力联系。结果表明:Ⅱ2采区太灰含水层与奥灰含水层间存在宽度为50~60 m,长度约为300 m的垂向直接补给带,其垂向渗透系数为5 m/d,侧向渗透系数为3 m/d,具有明显的各向异性,该方法可作为判定含水层间水力联系的一种新方法,研究结果可为采区下一步防治水措施提供依据。 相似文献
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在沿海地区,尤其是围海造陆工程形成的陆域地区地下水水位受潮汐影响较大,使传统水文地质试验求取含水层参数存在较大误差。因此通过合理概化地下水在潮汐作用下运动规律,建立数学模型,推导解析公式求取沿海含水层参数具有重要意义。分析天津滨海新区两处观测孔地下水位及潮汐波动特征,在滞后时间不明显的情况下,利用观测孔水位变幅数据计算了含水层水头扩散系数,并根据承压含水层储水系数经验值进一步获得含水层渗透系数。通过两个观测孔分别计算,对比计算结果互相验证发现,该方法取得了令人满意的结果。利用地下水潮汐效应计算含水层参数可以广泛应用于沿海地区水文地质工作中。 相似文献
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Field observation and numerical simulations were carried out to evaluate the hydraulic relationship between the shallow and deep aquifer of a High Plains Aquifer system, in which shallow and deep aquifers are separated by an aquitard. Pumping from the lower aquifer resulted in a small drawdown in the upper aquifer and a larger drawdown in the aquitard; pumping from the shallow aquifer caused a small drawdown in the aquitard and the deep aquifer. Analysis of pumping test data gives the values of the hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard and the deep aquifer. Long-term observation of groundwater levels in the shallow and deep aquifers showed that a strong downward hydraulic gradient was maintained during an irrigation season. Numerical simulations were used to calculate the induced leakage of water from the shallow to the deep aquifer. Water budget analyses suggested that after pumping continues for a couple of days, the leakage from the overlying layers begins to supply the majority of the withdrawal from the deep aquifer. However, the induced leakage from the upper shallow aquifer can travel only a few meters into the aquitard, and it can not reach the lower aquifer during a 90 day pumping period. The major portion of the induced leakage occurred during the pumping period, but a small leakage can continue as a residual effect after the pumping period. The vertical hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard plays a major role in partitioning the ratio of the induced leakage for the pumping and after-pumping periods. 相似文献
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松藻矿区是我国煤层气资源富集区之一。为揭示松藻矿区地下水对煤层气富集影响,利用煤田勘查获取的水文地质资料,基于含水层结构、水化学特征、抽水资料的系统分析,阐明了含煤地层上覆和下伏含水层地下水的空间展布特征,建立了地下水的分布模式,探讨了地下水动力场对煤层气富集的影响。研究表明:松藻矿区含水层和隔水层相互叠置,随着埋深的增加含水性减弱;含煤岩系与上覆、下伏含水层缺乏水力联系,为相互独立的含水系统;上覆长兴组和下伏茅口组地下水动力场呈南高北低展布;地下水动力场有近河流岩溶裂隙渗入型、断层沟通岩溶裂隙补给型、稳定承压弱含水型三种类型,以稳定承压弱含水型为主;含煤岩系的极弱含水性及其与上覆、下伏含水地层缺乏水力联系构成了区内水文地质控气基础,是研究区煤层含气性高的重要控制因素。 相似文献
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含水层参数对于定性分析区域地下水资源评价、数值模拟及预报、开发利用与保护及科学管理具有重要意义,而江汉平原水文地质参数求解的研究却相对较少.2015年江汉平原1:50 000水文地质调查项目完成杨林尾图幅与陆溪口图幅,选择杨林尾图幅和陆溪口图幅中的4个代表性钻孔,分别做了3组抽水试验和一组压水试验.对抽水数据使用Dupuit公式法结合抽水稳定阶段数据求解含水层参数,同时利用Aquifer Test软件中Theis标准曲线法、直线图解法对抽水试验中非稳定条件下抽水数据对含水层参数求解,得到孔隙水含水层渗透系数及弹性给水度;利用压水试验工程规范求解基岩裂隙含水层的渗透系数.探讨了利用非稳定抽水试验条件下求解含水层参数方法的可行性及该方法的优势.计算结果表明:杨林尾镇浅层(20.2~64.55 m)含水层渗透系数为0.075 m/d,弹性给水度为5.8×10-2;深层(138~160 m)含水层渗透系数为9.89 m/d,弹性给水度为2.3×10-5;陆溪口镇浅层(19.4~36.4 m)含水层渗透系数1.26 m/d,弹性给水度为1.1×10-1;基岩渗透系数为0.012 m/d.通过结果对比分析发现对于单孔非稳定抽水试验,对前期水位降深数据筛选分析,同样可以利用非稳定井流理论反演含水层参数,结果比较可靠. 相似文献
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抽水含水层对非抽水含水层水位影响的效应分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用自动水位计记录的抽水试验过程中不同层位含水组之间的动态水位,分析了在抽水试验最初阶段时抽水含水组与非抽水含水组之间的水力联系。研究结果表明:(1)抽水含水层对非抽水含水层存在水位影响效应,在抽水初期,水位影响效应较大;当抽水含水层水位达到稳定或缓慢下降时,水位影响效应随之消失。(2)单位降深水位影响效应显示,上部含水层距离抽水含水层越远,水位影响效应越大;下部含水层距离抽水含水层越远,水位影响效应越小。(3)利用三维地下水流数值模拟方法和应力应变对含水层水位动态影响的原理对水位影响效应机理进行分析,发现水位影响效应与含水层的固体骨架压缩系数(α)、水体积压缩系数(β)、孔隙度(n)和边界控制系数(Cm)等参数有关。 相似文献
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扬-泰-靖地区地下水系统水力联系与硫酸盐污染特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对长江三角洲扬-泰-靖地区第四系松散层地下水中环境同位素(D、18O、34S)的分布特征进行了分析,旨在揭示大气降水、长江水、潜水及承压水之间的水力联系,辨别地下水中硫酸盐的来源及其污染状况。研究结果表明潜水含水层接受大气降水及长江水的补给,硫酸盐主要为农业污染来源或与海源硫酸盐的混合。承压含水层主要接受大气降水的补给,与潜水含水层及长江之间的水力联系较差,硫酸盐来源不同。在研究区顶部和沿江地段的浅层孔隙承压水中,硫酸盐来源于硫化物的氧化;在东部的深层孔隙承压水中,硫酸盐主要来源于硫酸盐岩的溶解或海源硫酸盐的滞留,基本未受到潜水或地表水中硫酸盐的污染。 相似文献
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The dependence of stream depletion by seasonal pumping on various hydraulic characteristics and engineering factors 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Compensation pumping is used to alleviate deficiencies in streamflow discharge during dry seasons. Short-term groundwater pumping can use aquifer storage instead of catchment-zone water until the drawdown reaches the edge of the stream. The capacitance is a complex, dimensionless parameter of an aquifer system that defines the delayed effect on streamflow when there is groundwater pumping. This parameter is a function of aquifer hydraulic characteristics, pumping time, and distance between the well and stream edge; the latter can involve stream leakance and vertical leakance of an associated aquitard. Three typical hydraulic cases of combined water systems (major catchment-zone wells close to the stream and compensation pumping wells) were classified depending on their capacitance structure (i.e. the relationship between surface water and groundwater): (1) perfect hydraulic connection between the stream and aquifer; (2) imperfect hydraulic connection between the stream and aquifer; and (3) essentially imperfect hydraulic connection between the stream and the underlying confined aquifer. The impact of various hydraulic characteristics and engineering factors on stream depletion was examined by conceptual and numerical modeling. To predict the suitability and efficiency of a combined water system application, regression tests were undertaken on unit stream depletion and capacitance, and power dependencies were defined. 相似文献
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含水层的压力传导系数是地下水溶质运移及扩散的重要参数,通常压力传导系数由抽水试验确定,即通过抽水给地下水系统一个扰动,然后监测地下水水位的响应,进而计算压力传导系数。对滨海地区含水层来说,潮汐波动就是天然的抽(注)水试验。潮汐由不同频率的分潮构成,前两项主频潮汐基本可代表潮汐主要特征。利用地下水水位对潮汐的响应,识别含水层压力传导系数。在推导出地下水对双频潮汐响应的解析解的基础上,提出了潮汐信号衰减法识别压力传导系数,并做了敏感性分析。通过对数值解叠加高斯噪音信号进行参数估算,证明该方法估算压力传导系数具有较高的可靠性和实用性。 相似文献
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A numerical investigation to illustrate the consequences of hydraulic connections between granular and fractured-rock aquifers 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Natural or artificial hydraulic connections between a granular aquifer in contact with a fractured-rock aquifer can have significant physical and chemical impacts at both a local and a regional scale. In this study, numerical simulations are conducted in order to illustrate the hydrogeological consequences of such hydraulic relationships. The numerical investigation, based on a conceptual model, focuses on the effects of the hydraulic connections when conducting a pumping test in a well that is set into a granular confined aquifer overlying a fractured-rock aquifer which presents a few fractures directly connected to the granular aquifer. It is illustrated that when interpreting the pumping test with the conventional methods consisting of plotting the drawdown versus time, a bias is introduced on the estimation of the transmissivity of the granular aquifer due to groundwater flowing from the fractured-rock aquifer via connecting fractures. However, it is underlined that plotting drawdown log-derivative versus time helps to diagnose the existence of these hydraulic relationships and therefore avoids committing a bias on the transmissivity estimation of the granular aquifer. Numerical simulation results also illustrate that hydraulic connections between the two aquifers can have significant impacts on the hydrogeochemical signature of the granular aquifer under investigation. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the groundwater-withdrawal potential of the Fraser River watershed, a mountainous drainage system in north-central Colorado. Laboratory tests, field investigations, and numerical modeling are conducted to present a quantitative understanding of the watershed’s groundwater-flow system. Aquifer hydraulic conductivity values obtained from aquifer tests range from 1E?5 to 1E?3 m/s. Groundwater withdrawal is concentrated in channel-fill deposits of the Troublesome Formation within the Fraser basin. A steady state groundwater-flow model of the Fraser River watershed is developed and calibrated using 24 observation wells in the Fraser River valley and estimated baseflow of the Fraser River. Modeling results suggest that surface recharge is the major source of groundwater in the watershed. Groundwater exits the watershed through evapotranspiration and discharge to rivers. Transient groundwater-flow modeling evaluates future withdrawal scenarios using the hydraulic head distribution from the steady state model as the initial condition. Drawdown within Troublesome Formation aquifers from the current pumping schedule approaches 2 m. When the daily pumping rate is doubled, drawdown approaches 4 m. The radius of influence is hundreds of meters to 1 km. Pumping wells withdraw approximately 2 and 15 % of groundwater flowing through the well field for hydraulic conductivity of 1E?3 and 1E?5 m/s, respectively. This study suggests that the groundwater system at the Fraser Valley could sustain current and future withdrawals, given that the current recharge condition is maintained. 相似文献
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通过对矿区含、隔水层及断层带水文地质特征的分析和井下水文地质现象的观测,认为目前矿井开采煤层较浅,以二1煤顶板直接含水层充水为主,水量不大;但随采掘的延深,煤层下伏的太原组灰岩和奥灰含水层,会在断层的影响下,与其它含水层发生水力联系,对矿井开采形成威胁。根据对矿井充水因素的分析结果,指出目前矿井的充水强度不大,充水通道主要为断层带,在开拓-800m水平时,应注意构造破坏或隔水层薄弱地段,此地段有可能出现奥灰水突入矿井的危险。为防止矿井突水,提出了建立健全地下水观测系统,加强井下钻探和物探工作,重视邻近矿井老窿水监测等矿井水害防治工作建议。 相似文献