共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
地学数据文件向Shapefile文件的转换 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在地学领域中,为了利用Arc／Info软件的空间分析、查询和可视化功能,以便对地学信息进行分析和提取,地学信息的导入是很关键的一步。Shapefile是Arc／Info支持的数据模型,这里对地学资料转换成Shapefile的几种途径进行了讨论,指出存在的问题和局限性,并给出了一种通过编程将数据文件转换成Shapefile文件的方法。该方法具有灵活、简单的特点。 相似文献
2.
地学论文与其他学科的论文一样也具有科学性、学术性、创新性。根据其特点将地学论文分为理论性论文、实践性论文、技术方法性论文。通过对地学论文在审稿中发现的问题进行分析、研究,提出了地学论文的写作要求和建议。 相似文献
3.
Shaozhong Shi 《Earth Science Informatics》2016,9(2):263-269
Cartographical visualisation is very important in communicating geoscientific findings. It allows depiction of a wide range of interrelated natural features and processes operating within the Earth system. Cartography allows visualisation and dissemination of research findings in a more accessible manner. Well-designed and aesthetically pleasing cartographical illustrations can provide significant visual impact, and visually appealing cartographical illustrations can effectively assist in publishing research findings and technological advances. Production of cartographical illustrations is one of the most important techniques for visualising geoscientific phenomena. It allows amalgamating mapping efforts and compilation of geoscientific results. Computerised cartography allows generation and management of illustration products efficiently and effectively. Well-designed cartographical maps and illustrations can be easily understood by a wide range of people. Thus, research findings can be disseminated effectively to a diverse range of audiences including policy makers and the general public. Particularly, it can be used for producing interpretative illustrations for unveiling the fascinating and much less known correlated geological events over space. 相似文献
4.
通过简要介绍国内外文献信息资源共建共享服务体系及现状,对比分析了中国地质调查局直属单位地学文献资源状况及中国地质图书馆文献资源现状及利用情况.在此基础上有针对性地提出了中国地质图书馆开展地学文献信息资源共建共享工作的初步思路. 相似文献
5.
地球科学是以观测为基础的科学.当前, 如何克服城市化、工业化、现代化发展带来的噪音干扰, 提高观测的信噪比, 成为地球科学发展的重要课题之一.开展深井观测是解决地面噪音干扰的主要途径.近年来, 随着地球系统科学研究的深入以及解决环境、资源、防灾等科学问题的需求, 世界大陆、大洋科学钻探工程研究以及在钻孔深井内进行的地球物理长期观测得到飞速发展, 并取得了初步的观测研究成果.本文介绍了世界各国在深井长期观测方面的最新进展, 展示了中国大陆科学钻探工程在江苏东海现场开展深井地球物理综合观测的方案及其观测研究前景.东海深井长期观测站将成为中国第一个无地面干扰的综合性深井地震、地球物理实验观测站, 它是实现我国“入地”科学计划的重要基础, 将开创我国21世纪地球科学观测研究的崭新局面. 相似文献
6.
The Commission on Geological Sciences for Environmental Planning (COGEOENVIRONMENT) of IUGS and UNESCO have initiated a joint
project to develop a worldwide data base on earth-science-related environmental problems and to assess which geoscientific
information is available locally for prevention, prediction or mitigation of such problems. As a first step, a pilot project
on geo-environmental problems and geo-information was launched for central and eastern Europe. In this paper the results of
a questionnaire sent to all these partly new countries are presented. Analysis of the results of the questionnaire shows that
the most serious and common geo-environmental problems in central and eastern Europe are earthquakes, landslides, soil contamination,
groundwater pollution and flooding by rivers. Other geo-environmental problems in this part of Europe and some difficulties
experienced during the pilot project are also referred to. Some suggestions for the application of geoscientific knowledge
to mitigate such problems are presented at the end of this paper.
Received: 25 February 1997 · Accepted: 28 January 1998 相似文献
7.
介绍了地质科学应用程序从Basic向Visual Basic（简称VB,下同）移植的基本技巧,并结合实际开发经验对变量定义、数据读取、成果输出和存储等开发、移植过程做了说明. 相似文献
8.
A geohazard reconnaissance study based on geoscientific information for development needs of the western region of Istanbul (Turkey) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tamer Y. Duman Tolga Can Reşat Ulusay Mustafa Keçer Omer Emre Serafettin Ateş Ibrahim Gedik 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(7):871-888
The role of geoenvironmental information is becoming increasingly important as legislative changes have forced developers
and planning authorities to consider more implications and impact on the environment of large-scale development initiatives.
Therefore, integration of surface and subsurface geoscientific information for development needs has prime importance and
provides a means of identifying potential problems and opportunities at an early stage in any planned development. However,
from the experience of recent natural disasters, it is evident that this was not case the taken into consideration in many
countries. In addition to thousands of casualties, many urbanized areas, industrial districts and large-scale engineering
structures suffered severe damages from the natural hazards due to many reasons including the lack of preliminary engineering
geological maps and zoning maps of the settlement areas. Turkey is one of the countries which is exposed to natural hazards
such as earthquakes, landslides and floods. In particular, the devastating 1999 Kocaeli earthquake, which affected the Marmara
Region of Turkey, focused the attention on densely urbanized and industrialized metropolitan areas such as Istanbul. The rapid
growth of Istanbul, particularly towards west with minimal geoscientific information resulted in an overwhelming pressure
on the natural environment. In addition, a large earthquake, which is expected to occur in the Marmara Sea within the next
30 years, also pose a threat to the city and its surroundings. In this study, on the basis of the geological, geomorphological
and geophysical reconnaissance study, an integrated geoscientific data were collected from the western region of Istanbul
and evaluated for geohazards. The paper focuses on the geological and geomorphological aspects that control the occurrence
of some geohazards such as earthquake-induced liquefaction, landslides and flooding. In this context, the geological map of
the region was revised and Quaternary deposits were classified into 11 units, in detail. Liquefaction-prone areas were evaluated
by using geomorphological criteria based on field investigation, by the examination of the available records from 88 boreholes
drilled on recent deposits and by the data from resistivity profiles. The landslides within the region were classified according
to their type, relative depth and activity. In addition, fluvial and marine flood-prone areas were also delimited within the
region. Finally, a series of maps such as landslide inventory maps, and maps showing liquefaction- and flood-prone areas were
produced with the aid of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assist in designing further detailed site investigations
and to reduce costs by ensuring a more focused approach to strategic planning and site selection. 相似文献
9.
Koike Katsuaki Yono Oak de Sá Vitor Ribeiro Tomita Shohei Albert Nozaki Tatsuo Takaya Yutaro Komori Shogo 《Mathematical Geosciences》2022,54(7):1183-1206
Mathematical Geosciences - Three-dimensional modeling of geoscientific data of limited amounts and strongly biased locations is difficult and impractical using almost any method. To obtain a... 相似文献
10.
DrJonasSatkunas 《《幕》》2004,27(3):217-218
The aim of the International Workshop was to discuss and promote better applications of geoscientific information for urban planning and development, and encourage international geoenvironmental cooperation. 相似文献
11.
The origin of CGMW dates back to 1881; in its initial phase it concentrated exclusively on geoscientific cartography of Europe. Since 1911, CGMW has taken up the promotion, coordination and publication of small-scale geo-scientific maps world-wide. Of this map type, recently published examples of modern European map series are presented:
Geological Map of Europe and the Mediterranean Regions 1:1.5 Mio (in 49 sheets) Hydrogeological Map of Europe 1:1.5 Mio (in 30 sheets with explanatory notes) Tectonic Map of Europe 1:2.5 Mio (in 16 sheets)
Quaternary Map of Europe 1:2.5 Mio (in 15 sheets)
Metallogenic Map of Europe 1:2.5 Mio (in 9 sheets with an explanatory memoir, 1984)
International Map of Iron Ore Deposits of Europe 1:2.5 Mio (in 16 sheets with explanatory notes, 1970-73)
A series of different geoscientific thematic maps comprising the West European Atlantic Region will result from the Circum-Atlantic Project. Its objectives are to inventory and use the available geoscience and resource data in analyzing the geological evolution and resource potential of the Atlantic Basin. The present status of the Circum-Atlantic Project is explained. 相似文献
12.
三维属性建模是利用有限的采样数据, 通过插值或模拟的方法来重构地学属性在三维空间中的分布.将Kriging方法推广到三维空间, 从而演化为三维Kriging方法, 可以为三维属性建模提供可靠的手段.而三维Kriging方法面临的一大难题就是各向异性变异函数的套合.提出了一种简单通用的三维空间变异函数的套合方法.该方法以空间坐标基的变换为基础, 在套合时充分考虑轴向上变异差异的影响, 并由此提出各向异性变化率的概念; 论证了套合方法的可行性, 并通过地下水水质三维属性建模的实例对该方法进行了有效的验证. 相似文献
13.
空间信息技术的发展及其在地球科学中的应用 总被引：35，自引：1，他引：34
空间信息技术有两个分支：其一是空间图形信息技术,即地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）;其二是地质统计学。两种技术在本质上是相通的。ＧＩＳ的核心是建立图形元素的拓扑关系与建立空间数据库与属性数据库的联动关系。正是立足于这两个重要关系,使对千变万化的地学图形信息进行灵活高效的编辑、检索与显示成为可能。在迄今为止所有的计算机应用系统中,ＧＩＳ无疑将在地学中产生最重要的影响。地质统计学是一种空间数字处理技术,它是传统统计学的空间版本。用包含多元统计学的传统统计方法研究地质问题存在严重的缺陷,因为传统统计学忽略变量的空间存在,而地质过程具有强烈的空间性。地质统计学恰恰是立足于变量的空间关系发展起来的统计科学,因此它特别适用于地球科学。正如空间图形与空间数字可以相互转换一样,两种空间信息技术也存在内在的关系。利用ＧＩＳ与地质统计学这两种空间信息技术,使我们能不断地在空间图形与空间数字这两种状态间穿越。空间信息技术为地质学家在进行矿产资源预测、物化遥数据分析、地质环境评价、地质灾害评价与矿产资源管理等方面提供了强有力的工具。空间信息技术特别适合于地球科学,它不仅能大幅度地提高地球科学对图形的编制和研究的效率和水平,而且也将转变传统的? 相似文献
14.
Ulrike Mattig 《Engineering Geology》1990,29(4):321-331
Mattig, U., 1990. Maps of the natural environment's potential in West Germany and Norway as an aid for mineral resources management and protection. Eng. Geol., 29: 321–331.
The applied geosciences are of increasing importance for finding an answer to many current problems in spatial management and environmental protection.
Based on the problem of an intelligent use of the geopotential, the paper deals with the achievement and optimization of an appropriate concept for designing geoscientific maps of the natural environment's potential, relevant to areal planning, by comparing a densely populated country like Germany and a more sparsely populated country like Norway. The study carried out is following the example of a map for reserve areas for mineral resources/near surface raw materials—sand and gravel—which enables a comparison and an assessment of the translation of information, relevant to land-use planning, in both countries.
The appropriateness of the interpretation of geoscientific information is ensured by drafting a comprehensive, clearly arranged cartographic presentation, for which uniform and comparable methods, criteria and standards will be developed. The basic concepts of areal planning have to be simple, distinct, adaptable and capable of development. They should enable the geoscientist to contribute his complex and expert knowledge to decisions of regional planning and spatial management. 相似文献
15.
The registration and screen visualization of geological data are basic steps in modelling of 3D structures and geoscientific processes. Therefore, a standardized coding of geological field observations is reasonable to enable an independent modelling approach. The field module of MO2GEO provides diverse standards for data coding and was tested in the frame of a mapping project. The visualization of profiles and the construction of cross-sections improve the database for a variety of interpolation methods. The subsequently developed 3D models, constructed with diverse modelling tools, can be visualized and serve as the base for diverse applied scientific projects. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》1999,12(2):103-107
Based on numerous geoscientific data a section through the Central Andean active continental margin at 21°S has been compiled which shows the structure of the South American upper plate and the downgoing Nazca Plate. 相似文献
17.
18.
Mathematical Geosciences - Three-dimensional geological structure analysis is fundamental to geoscientific research. With the application of artificial intelligence in geological structure... 相似文献
19.
小秦岭元古界剖面的保护及意义 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
处于中国南北元古界之衔接部位的小秦岭元古界剖面具有重要的科研价值，1982年列为陕西省自然保护点，已采取了有效的保护措施予以保护，还应进一步提高研究、开发和保护水平。 相似文献
20.
Mathematical Geosciences - Characterizing buried sedimentary structures through the use of seismic data is part of many geoscientific projects. The evolution of seismic acquisition and processing... 相似文献