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对比研究了山西沁水盆地李雅庄煤矿、寺河煤矿和附城七一煤矿煤岩的地球化学特征,讨论了煤岩的热演化程度、可溶有机质含量、生物标志化合物特征。在此基础上,分析了热成因煤层气与次生生物成因煤层气的气源潜力,对研究区煤层气勘探有实际意义。 相似文献
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陷落柱是影响煤矿区煤炭与煤层气开发的主要制约因素之一。研究煤矿区陷落柱成因及分布特征,有助于降低煤炭开采与煤层气开发的风险。通过对陷落柱控制因素和发育特征的分析,结合王坡煤矿已发现陷落柱的分布情况,探讨了陷落柱对王坡煤矿煤层气分布及其开发的影响机制。分析认为:陷落柱周围3号煤的气含量有所降低;在煤层气开发过程中,陷落柱可能会贯通奥陶系灰岩层与煤系地层,从而对煤层气的钻井、压裂以及排采工程产生不利影响。 相似文献
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安鹤煤田王家岭煤矿深部煤层气地质学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据煤田勘探资料,参考相关的研究成果,分析论述了安鹤煤田王家岭煤矿深部勘探区煤层气地质学特征本区煤层含量气较高,煤层气资源丰富,储层压力较大,渗透性较好,水动力条件对煤层气的保存极为有利,形成水动力封闭,有利于煤层气储藏,具有勘探开发的潜力.鉴于王家岭煤矿深部区无烟煤处于瓦斯突出危险区,进行煤层气开发还具有减灾意义. 相似文献
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煤层气解吸特征是影响煤层气采收率及排采效果的关键要素之一。基于对韩城煤层气示范区62 件煤芯的解吸实验和
相关测试,分析了煤层气解吸特征及规律,探讨了解吸特征与煤级、煤质、煤岩显微组成等的相互关系。结果表明,研究
区煤层气解吸率多在90%~95% 之间;吸附时间为0.03~10 d,82% 的煤样小于6 d。煤芯气体解吸具有阶段性,气体解吸速
率的降低主要由煤芯平均含气量的变化引起,初始解吸速率及其衰减特征与煤岩孔隙结构及其连通性有关。解吸率与煤级
相关性不明显,但随灰分产率增加而显著降低。镜质组含量的增加提高了煤层气解吸率,惰质组则相反。吸附时间随固定
碳含量、水分含量的增加而缩短,但有一定离散性,与灰分产率、显微组分含量之间关系则不明显。 相似文献
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评价煤矿区地面煤层气抽采的效果,可为煤层气后续开发和矿井开采设计提供技术依据。通过分析目前地面煤层气抽采效果评价现状,结合煤层气资源开发和煤矿安全生产对煤层气抽采效果评价的需要,提出了以煤层气含量降低率和煤层剩余气含量作为评价指标、以煤储层地质条件相近为评价单元划分原则,并在评价单元内实施一定数量检测井实测煤层剩余气含量的煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果检测与评价方法。在煤储层地质条件划分的前提下,还提出了以煤层气含量降低率和煤层剩余气含量结果为划分依据的煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果分级方法供探讨。该方法在晋城寺河矿某区块的应用,一定程度上证明了该套煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果评价方法的合理性和可操作性。 相似文献
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回顾了我国煤炭企业组织实施和合作开展的煤矿区煤层气勘探开发进程。经过三十多年攻坚克难、不懈努力,我国煤矿区煤层气地面开发技术研究、工程试验和产业发展均取得了可喜的成绩,不仅在山西晋城矿区首次取得国内外无烟煤的煤层气开发成功,实现了煤层气规模化商业化生产,而且在安徽淮北矿区取得了碎软低渗煤层顶板水平井开发煤层气技术的重大突破,实现了碎软低渗煤层的煤层气水平井单井的高产稳产;煤矿区采动区煤层气井开发在安徽淮北、淮南,山西晋城等矿区实现了规模化工程应用。同时,梳理总结了依托“十一五”—“十三五”国家科技重大专项项目,在煤矿区煤层气地面开发理论及技术研究方面取得的主要成果及其应用效果,包括:煤层气井密闭取心技术与设备、碎软低渗煤层地面煤层气垂直井强化增产技术、碎软低渗煤层顶板和煤层水平井分段压裂开发技术、多煤层分层控压合层排采技术、低煤阶低气含量煤层地面煤层气开发技术、煤层气井极小半径多孔旋转射流侧钻水平井技术,以及煤矿采动区煤层气产量预测技术等。在此基础上,根据全国煤矿区煤炭开采发展趋势和需求,提出今后煤矿区煤层气研究应重点关注3个方向:穿浅部采空区/采动区的深部煤层气与煤炭资源协调开发、低... 相似文献
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川南煤田二叠系龙潭组是重要的含煤层系,也是煤层气的主要赋存层段。古叙矿区是川南地区煤矿主要产区,煤层气资源丰富,在大村矿段已实现工业开采,其他矿段尚处勘探阶段。依托区域矿产地质调查,在分析区域煤层展布特征基础上,优选区域分布稳定的煤层C25、C23、C19、C17、C11为古叙矿区煤层气勘探目的层段。目的层段普遍具有有机质组分含量高、灰分含量中-高、内生裂隙发育、含气性高的特征,煤层累计厚度呈东厚西薄展布。以煤层厚度、构造条件、埋藏深度为主要评价指标,优选出大村矿段、石宝矿段为煤层气富集有利区,观沙矿段观文井田、古蔺矿段石屏-象顶井田及河坝矿段白头沟地区为煤层气富集较有利区。 相似文献
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阜新盆地刘家区煤储层综合分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在对阜新盆地刘家区构造演化及构造特征、煤层发育特征、煤的化学成分及排采试验资料分析的基础上,对研究区煤层气含量、煤的吸附性、煤层渗透率、煤储层压力、临界解吸压力、煤体结构、煤层气产出特点进行了综合研究。认为研究区煤层分布广、厚度大、丰度高,煤的吸附能力强;而且埋深与辉绿岩侵入体是控制煤层气含量的主要因素,成煤后期构造运动是影响煤储层渗透率的关键因素。煤层气开发有利区应在向斜翼部和岩墙、岩床附近煤变质程度高的区域。 相似文献
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根据矿区水文地质条件,用以往矿井“突水”实例、现象、充水来源、充水条件,对矿坑充水因素进行分析,以预防矿井因充水而产生的淹井和人员伤亡事故。 相似文献
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普昌钛铁矿位于普昌基性岩体中部,含矿岩性主要为中粒辉长岩,主要金属矿物为钛磁铁矿、钛铁矿、磁黄铁矿等.目前发现矿体十几条,长几米至几十米不等,铁矿石332+333资源量达中型,TiO2资源量达中型,伴生V2O5资源量达小型规模.成因上,岩浆侵入过程中,节理裂隙及矿物颗粒间隙形成较有利容矿空间,岩浆连续多次侵入并分异, Fe3O4、TiO2、V2O5等有益成份在容矿空间中,形成浸染状或块状构造矿石.地球物理上,多处磁异常与地表出露磁铁矿体分布一致,推测为矿致异常.地球化学特征上,普昌岩体发育以Ti,Cu,Co为主成矿元素综合异常体,异常元素平面上呈面型展布,分布范围大,强度高,浓度分带清晰,说明该区具良好成矿潜力. 相似文献
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Summary Migmatite-derived granitic melt dilationally intruded a 1.89 Ga Ni-Cu-Fe sulphide-bearing peridotite layer. A reduction of in situ ore grade resulted from the 5–15% volume increase. Alteration zones of amphibole-phlogopite, after peridotite, separate the once-granitic dykes from the now-serpentinized peridotite. The mass-gains and -losses of the peridotite-to-zonereal transition are studied in terms of the serpentinized peridotite-to-zoneapparent transition. Ni, Cu, FeO and S were overall mass-loss components during the metasomatic exchange between the peridotite and the granitic melt. However, the components were retained but redistributed (internally remobilised) in the outer zones, but transferred into the dyke from the innermost zone (externally remobilised). Because theextent of theexternal remobilisation was on the scale of centimetres to metres, sulphides were not lost from the volume encompassing the peridotite and dykes. In contrast to dilation, remobilisation did not adversely influencein situ ore grade at stopeor mine-scales.
With 4 Figures 相似文献
Metasomatische Verarmung von Ni-Cu-Fe Sulfiden, Vammala Mine, Finnland
Zusammenfassung Eine granitische Schmelze aus Migmatiten intrudierte eine 1.89 Ga alte Ni-Cu-Fe Sulfid-führende Peridotitlage. Die Volumenzunahme von 5 bis 15% führte zu einer Reduktion derin situ Erzgehalte. Umwandlungszonen von Amphibol-Phlogopit, die aus dem Peridotit hervorgegangen sind, trennen die ehemals granitischen Gänge von dem jetzt serpentinisierten Peridotit. Massengewinne und -verluste der realen Übergangszonen werden auf Basis der serpentinisierten scheinbaren Übergänge untersucht. Ni, Cu, FeO and S waren Massenverlust-Komponenten wdhrend des metasomatischen Austausches zwischen dem Peridotit und der granitischen Schmelze. Die Komponenten wurden jedoch behalten aber umverteilt (intern remobilisiert) in den äußeren Zonen, aber in den inneren Zonen wurden sie in den Gang transferiert (externe Remobilisation). Weil das Ausmaiß der externen Remobilisation im Maßstab von Zentimetern bis Metern lag, wurden Sulfide aus dem Volumen der Peridotite und Gänge nicht abgeführt. Im Gegensatz zu Aufweitung hat Remobilisation keinen negativen Einfluß auf denin situ Erzgehalt auf dem Maßstab von Abbauen oder ganzen Bergwerken.
With 4 Figures 相似文献
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建设绿色矿山是新形势下保证矿业可持续健康发展的必由之路,是在恢复生态系统基础上实现自然、经济和社会系统共同发展的必然选择。早子沟金矿是甘南藏族自治州第一个国家级绿色矿山。在绿色矿山建设过程中,树立了绿色发展理念,在采矿、选矿、资源高效综合利用、节能减排、安全生产等方面均进行了科技创新,确保了矿山开发、生态环境、地方群众的和谐统一,形成了具有开采方式科学化、生产工艺环保化、资源利用高效化、企业管理规范化、矿山及社区环境生态化的高标准绿色矿山企业,可为区域绿色矿业发展提供参考。 相似文献
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John Whicher 《Geology Today》2008,24(2):59-61
The Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits of South Florida contain a spectacularly rich fossil record and chronicle several cycles of marine inundation and freshwater lake formation. The Pinecrest, Tamiami, Caloosahatchee and Bermont formations are famed for the variety and preservation of their molluscan faunas. It is therefore sad that good exposures are ephemeral and where they do exist it is very difficult to gain access. In addition, the large commercial pits that exploit the sediments for landfill and aggregate are rarely pumped dry, the material being extracted by draglines from the flooded pit, thereby rendering it impossible to study the stratigraphy. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. habil. ing. M. L. Jeremic 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1978,67(3):896-912
The South Bay copper-zinc-silver orebody, 52 miles east of Red Lake in northwestern Ontario, lies in refolded siliceous volcanic rocks near the close of an Archaean volcanic cycle. The rock mass mechanics events at South Bay mainly happened during the endogenesis and uplift of the earth's crust at the Birch-Uchi greenstone belt. After the uplift the geological history of this region was of little significance for the structure of the ore-body. The paleographic properties of the mineral deposits have been deformed by two phases of geological events; namely, first, Rotational Stress — confined pressure (geometry of torsion structures) and, second, Spherical Stress — compressive pressure (geometry of ellipsoidic structures). And, finally the structure formation in the rock mass induced natural stresses which have components determined by the geometry of the deformations.
Zusammenfassung Das South-Bay Kupfer-Zink Lager, 80 km östlich des Red Lake im Nordwesten von Ontario gelegen, ist in gefalteten archaischen Vulkaniten von hohem Silikatgehalt eingebettet. Die gesteinsverformenden Bewegungen der South-Bay Region erfolgten hauptsächlich während der Endogenetik und der Anhebung der Erdkruste der Birch-Uchi Greenstone Zone. Nach dieser Anhebung haben die geologischen Ereignisse dieser Region die Struktur des Erzlagers kaum mehr beeinflußt. Die Petrogefüge des Minerallagers zeigen Deformationen während zweier tektonischer Phasen: zuerst freie Verdrehungsspannungen, die Torsionsstrukturen verursachten, gefolgt von allseitigem Druck, der dem Erzlager ellipsoidähnliche Strukturen aufprägte. In den Gesteinen existieren Spannungen, deren Komponenten durch die Geometry der Verformungen bestimmt sind.
Résumé La mine de Cuivre-Zinc-Argent de South-Bay, située à 80 km à l'est de Red-Lake dans le nort-ouest de l'Ontario, se trouve dans des volcanites, à haute teneur en silicates, plissées au cours de l'Archéen. Les mouvements déformatifs dans la région de South-Bay eurent lieu principalement durant l'endogénese et le soulèvement de la cróute terrestre, le long de la ceinture de roches vertes de Birch-Uchi. Aprèsce soulèvement, les manifestations géologiques dans cette région n'eurent guère d'influence sur la structure du gisement. Les textures pétrographiques du gisement montrent des déformations se rapportant à deux phases tectoniques: d'abord, une rotation engendrant des structures de torsion, et ensuite une compression qui imprima une structure ellipsoÏdale. Il a existé dans la masse rocheuse des tensions dont les composantes ont été déterminées par la géométrie des déformations.
/ , 80- -. , . , , Birch-Uchi. . : , : , . .相似文献
17.
皖北刘桥二矿投产两年多来，井下的渗水部位不断有钙质及铁、锰质等析出物形成。初步分析认为，这是地下水的水文地球化学环境变化及其对围岩产生机械、化学潜蚀作用的结果。析出物形成速度快、局部排出量大，对矿井水环境质量和井巷围岩稳定性有一定影响。由于该现象在黄淮地区的许多矿井中均有发现，故应引起生产单位和学术界的充分重视。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):732-752
At the Justice mine, in the Ashanti goldfields of southwestern Ghana, chemical weathering of gold- bearing sulfide-rich lodes has produced a series of characteristic mineralogical and geochemical features that are diagnostic. In this type of gold mineralization, the most abundant sulfides are arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite with minor bornite and sphalerite. Gold occurs predominantly as native gold, spatially associated and chemically bound with arsenopyrite. Elsewhere gold-silver tellurides are present in quartz veins. During sulfide oxidation, arsenopyrite is replaced by amorphous and crystalline Fe-Mn arsenates, goethite, hematite, and arsenolite in box- and ladderwork textures. In the extremely weathered gossans exposed at surface or in exploration pits, goethite, hematite, and scorodite are present as pseudomorphs of oxidized arsenopyrite, which can be used as a visual pathfinder for gold-arsenic mineralization. As with arsenopyrite, pyrite and pyrrhotite alteration produces boxwork and ladderwork textures with the sulfide replaced by goethite, hematite, and a complex limonite. Copper sulfides and goethite replace bornite and chalcopyrite in ladder-type textures. With more intensive weathering, this assemblage is replaced by cuprite, goethite, and hematite. Gold mineralogy in the gossan is complex, with evidence of in situ precipitation of supergene gold as well as alteration of hypogene native gold. The concentration of pathfinder elements decreases in the gossan as a result of supergene leaching. Mass- balance calculations confirm that gossan production largely is in situ and, consequently, the hypogene geochemical dispersion patterns are preserved even though the proportion of many elements decreases as intensity of weathering increases. The problem remains of discriminating between auriferous and non-auriferous gossans, or those produced by pedological concentration of iron. Although mineral textures such as box-and ladderwork replacement and mineral pseudomorphs are useful field criteria, the most reliable guide for evaluation still is trace-element geochemistry. By use of multi-element discriminant analysis, gossans of different origins can be distinguished (along with their surface expression) from ironstones and barren lateritic soils. In regional reconnaissance studies, the evaluation of trace-element geochemistry as a discriminant along with field mapping may indicate gold potential of even extremely altered products of mineralization and, in so doing, provide a basis for the classification of weathered samples. 相似文献
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Mine tailings integrated investigations: The case of Rio tailings (Panasqueira Mine, Central Portugal) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mining generates huge quantities of waste materials from ore extraction and milling operations, which accumulate in tailings and open impoundments. The risks associated with mine tailings have different nature, namely stability, rupture, surface and groundwater contamination, acid mine drainage (AMD) and precipitation of secondary minerals. In fact catastrophic failure of tailings impoundments has occurred, transporting slurry, dissolved metals and fine reactive metal particles to the environment.Often deposition conditions of old mine tailings are unknown and monitoring is deficient or even inexistent. Thus, in order to prevent accidents it is necessary to establish the internal structure, that is, mapping tailings impoundment, internal sediment structures – limits and stratigraphy – seepage and pathway locations, bedrock depth and topography estimates and actual deposition conditions of the tailings. Owing to the complexity of the problem, only integrated approaches can investigate and monitor comprehensively the characteristics and evolution of mine tailings and its impacts on the environment.As this is a multidisciplinary problem, strategies should consider integrated studies such as Geophysics, Geochemistry and borehole surveys. However data from these sources must be interpreted together, in a GIS database, to provide better models and an enhanced overall knowledge of the studied structures.It is proposed to test and validate such a methodology in a case study, Panasqueira mine, central Portugal and to contribute to the decision-making process of environmental and civil protection agencies with responsibilities in the assessing, prevention, mitigation, and controlling the potential and actual effects of tailings spills on the environment. 相似文献
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针对我国钢铁产量大和铁矿石产量少的矛盾 ,提出了地质勘查要走在矿山建设的前头 ,并提出解决我国矿石严重不足的办法是 1加强领导 ,2构建新的建矿模式 ,3减轻税赋 ,4加强管理 相似文献