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甘肃北山红石山基性-超基性岩体的成因类型及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
红石山基性-超基性岩体是板块构造研究者重点关注的岩体之一,通过岩体地质特征及系统的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素等研究,探讨了红石山基性-超基性岩体的成因类型和形成构造环境。根据岩体的岩石类型组合、相带产出关系、纯橄岩离析体的发育、岩体内部流动构造、晚期多种岩脉和铬铁矿矿化类型等特征研究表明,岩体应是一种岩浆类型的侵入体;从岩石化学、微量、稀土元素地球化学特征上可反映出该岩体是晚古生代(石炭—二叠纪)时期与古亚洲大洋在向南消之闭合其间,于雀儿山-英安山岛弧带南缘发育起来的一种弧后盆地裂谷类型的地幔岩浆作用产物,其机制或动力学环境为一种弧后扩张,地幔上隆的大陆裂谷岩浆作用机制。 相似文献
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对东芦山的岩石成因、结构构造,以及物理力学性质等特征进行研究,指出该类岩石在变形特征上可视为均质弹 性各向同性体。依据边坡区岩体构造的基本特征、空间产状、原生结构面性质及分布规律,对东芦山边坡岩体工程地质岩 组和岩体结构类型进行划分。并在此基础上建立东芦山边坡岩体的地质模型。 相似文献
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尖晶石角闪橄榄二辉岩及角闪二辉岩等超镁铁质变质岩与高压麻粒岩伴生，分布于宣化太古代高级地体中，其中典型的粒状镶嵌变晶结构，变余交代结构及矿物化学特征表明，该岩石是太古宙交代地幔岩在麻粒岩相条件下重结晶的产物。 相似文献
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西准噶尔是中国晚古生代花岗岩发育的主要地区之一,沿著名的达尔布特断裂带发育的后造山花岗岩带一直是西准噶尔花岗岩研究的焦点,其中夏尔莆岩体又是该花岗岩带中极其重要的岩体之一.通过对夏尔莆岩体的研究,从地球化学特征结合构造、岩浆岩等其他成矿因素得出该岩体总体特征与成矿关系.夏尔莆岩体岩石化学特征表明,寄主岩石富Al2O3、CaO和MgO,岩石化学图解和岩石化学参数证明其属于钙碱性准铝质-过铝质I型花岗岩. 相似文献
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松潘-甘孜造山带在燕山期经历了陆内俯冲是1：25万甘孜县幅区调中取得的重要认识，本文通过对甘洛沟岩体的时空分布、岩石学、岩石化学、岩石地球化学特征及岩体形成的构造环境等多方面综合分析，认为该岩体与区内其它燕山期岩体存在显著区别，它是在燕山期陆内俯冲动力学背景下的岩石图事件-下地壳拆沉的产物。 相似文献
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初洞流纹质碎斑岩—一种底辟构造岩 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
初洞岩体是一个罕见的复杂地质体。它以其独特的岩石外貌、多期次的矿物世代、罕见的组构特征及复杂的变形机制而不同其它岩体。在研究其岩石结构构造基础上，对反映其成因信息的组构特征进行了理论解释，并将其命名为流纹质碎斑岩－一种底辟构造岩。进一步研究后提出：流纹斑岩、碎斑熔岩及流纹质碎斑岩组成“三位一体”的次火山侵入杂岩体，并依此建立起特殊构造环境下岩石分阶段逐渐自碎的一种新底辟构造机制。 相似文献
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汉南镁铁层状杂岩是出露于扬子板块北缘的一个大岩体，据测同位素年代为1121-748Ma，属中元古侵位于西乡群变质岩系的岩体。杂岩体按岩石类型分为由辉长岩类组成的上部带和由辉石-橄榄岩组成的下部岩带构成。岩石化学、矿物化学和微量元素地球化学的演变与层状岩序变化相当一致。韵律层发育部位，矿物组分多次重复出现。层状岩序的稀土总量（La/Yb）N值完全符合随着层序增高、分馏趋势增加一般规律。本文系统阐述了杂岩体各为岩石的铂族元素分配特征，初步确定了铂矿化与铜镍矿化产出部位。在分析了杂岩体产出构造环境的基础上，探讨了杂岩体原始岩浆性质，估算了部分熔融程度。 相似文献
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Abstract Ultramafic rocks of Tibet and Xinjiang are the products of partial melting of the upper mantle. The evolution of their mineral composition is marked by two parallel evolutionary series: one is the progressive increase of the 100 Mg / (Mg+Fe2+) ratio of silicate minerals in order of lherzolite?harzburgite?dunite, i.e. the increase in magnesium; the other is the increase of the 100 Cr/(Cr+Al) ratio of accessory chrome spinel in the same order, i.e. the increase in Chromium. The above- mentioned evolutionary trends are contrary to that of magmatic differentiation. The evolution of fabrics of ultramafic rocks is characterized by progressive variation in order of protogranular texture? melted residual texture, symplectic texture and clastophyritic texture? equigranular mosaic texture and tabular mosaic texture. Experiments of partial melting of lherzolite have convincingly shown that the evolution of Alpine ultramafic rocks resulted from the partial melting of pyrolite. Various subtypes of them represent different degrees of partial melting. The vertical zoning marked by more basic rocks in the upper part and more acid rocks in the lower actually belongs to the fusion zoning of pyrolite. 相似文献
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蛇绿岩型铬铁矿床包壳纯橄榄岩中的流体过程印记:来自西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带罗布莎和泽当岩体的地质学、岩石学和橄榄石晶体化学证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩浆型矿床一般认为是岩浆分异的产物,因为这类矿床通常缺乏强烈的近矿围岩蚀变。蛇绿岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿被认为是一种典型的岩浆型矿床,流行的成因模型包括岩浆通道模型和熔体-岩石反应模型。深部晶体群的大量发现,表明铬铁矿成矿系统不是一种理想系统,而是至少由两类子系统组成的复杂性动力系统。因此,流行模型不再适用,必须构建能够整合新证据的成因模型。这类矿床的典型地质特征是具有从方辉橄榄岩围岩经包壳纯橄榄岩到铬铁矿石的分带,且包壳纯橄榄岩与铬铁矿之间为渐变接触关系,包壳纯橄榄岩与方辉橄榄岩之间既可以为渐变接触关系,也可以为截然接触关系或侵入接触关系。因此,阐明纯橄榄岩的成因是理解豆荚状铬铁矿形成机制的关键。西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中罗布莎和泽当两个代表性超镁铁质杂岩体的新观察揭示:(1)包壳纯橄榄岩的出露宽度变化于厘米级到百米级,但岩石具有均匀的细粒结构,流行模型难以解释;(2)包壳纯橄榄岩可以划分为至少两种构造类型:块状纯橄榄岩和片理化纯橄榄岩,暗示了纯橄榄岩形成过程的多阶段特点;(3)包壳纯橄榄岩主要由变晶橄榄石组成,仅含有少量由熔体或流体析出的橄榄石晶体;(4)与方辉橄榄岩相比,包壳纯橄榄岩中的橄榄石具有高MgO、Cr2O3、CaO和低MnO、Al2O3的特点,展示了矛盾的晶体化学特征;(5)邻近铬铁矿体的纯橄榄岩中常见反豆状结构,类似于多相稀释流体流体制中紊流产生的中尺度结构。上述看似矛盾的证据表明包壳纯橄榄岩的形成过程有大量深部流体的参与,因而流体过程可以作为构建一个新的整合模型的基础。据此,文中提出一个熔体-流体流模型,其基本机制是溶解-沉淀反应Opx+Fluid→Ol±Sp±Cpx±Pl±SiO2(fluid),而基本前提则是深部还原流体的持续供给和熔体-流体流的快速上升。此外,文中还表明,依据火成岩地质学、岩石学和名义无水矿物晶体化学证据也可以再造岩浆系统的流体过程。 相似文献
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Well‐preserved oval‐shaped dunite clots occur within the exceptionally fresh massive podiform chromitites from the Coto Block of the Zambales Ophiolite Complex, the Philippines. The dunite/chromitite boundary shows an interlocking texture; olivine inclusions in chromites in the podiform chromitites show the same optical extinction with larger adjacent olivines in the dunite clots. This texture was formed by the reaction between chromite‐oversaturated melt and its dunite inclusions. The existence of such type of melt was previously only hypothesized to explain the origin of layered and podiform chromitites but is now confirmed by this discovery. 相似文献
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The Kharcheruz block of the Syumkeu ultramafic massif is a southern fragment of the Khadata ophiolitic belt, which closes the ophiolites of the Polar Urals in the north. The block, striking in the latitudinal direction, is sheetlike in shape and primarily composed of dunite with nearly latitudinal zones of chromite mineralization. The dunites are subject to ductile deformation various in intensity, and this variability is displayed in their heterogeneous structure and texture. The following microstructural types are distinguished by the variety and intensity of their deformation: protogranular → mesogranular → porphyroclastic → porphyrolath → mosaic. The petrostructural patterns of olivines pertaining to the above types reflect conditions of ductile deformation. Protogranular dunite is formed as a product of pyroxene decomposition in mantle harzburgite accompanied by annealing recrystallization at a temperature above 1000°C. Mesogranular dunite is formed as a product of high-temperature plastic flow by means of translation sliding in olivine and diffuse creep at a temperature dropping from 1000 to 650°C and at a low rate (<10–6 s–1). Cr-spinel segregates into linear zones of disseminated chromite mineralization within zones of bedding-plane plastic flow. Porphyroclastic and mosaic dunites are formed under conditions of intense deformation at a temperature of 500–750°C and at a significant rate (>10–6 s–1). Dunite is deformed by means of syntectonic recrystallization and subordinate translation gliding. Linear zones of disseminated mineralization undergo destruction thereby, with the formation of lenticular chromitite bodies from which ductile olivine is squeezed out with the formation of densely impregnated and massive ores. 相似文献
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Kazuhito Ozawa 《Lithos》1983,16(1):1-16
The Miyamori ultramafic complex forms the basal ultramafic portion of an ophiolite. The complex consists of a tectonic member which is composed dominantly of harzburgite and dunite, and a cumulate member which is composed of interlayered wehrlite, dunite and clinopyroxenite. The tectonite member is overlain by the cumulate member and characterized by tabular granular or porphyroclastic textures, a strong lineation and magnesian olivine (Mg/Mg + Fe = 0.88–0.93). In contrast, the cumulate member exhibits igneous textures and shows no evidence of a penetrative deformation. The olivine is less magnesian than that of the tectonite member (Mg/Mg + Fe = 0.82–0.89). At the boundary of the two members, harzburgite xenoliths have been found in wehrlite of the cumulate member. The minerals at the core of a few large harzburgite xenoliths preserve the compositional characteristics of typical harzburgites in the tectonic member. The occurrence of the harzburgite xenolith in vehrlite and the structural and textural features of the two members indicate that the tectonite member had already been deformed before a magma intruded into the tectonite member and formed a magma chamber in which cumulates were deposited together with harzburgite fragments on the floor of the tectonite. The xenoliths show a fine grained mosaic texture, which may be attributed by the heat of the intruded magma. This hiatus implies that the magma which made the cumulate member did not originate directly from the underlying harzburgite. 相似文献
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John Callahan Frank Hearn Stephen Heron Dennis Schumaker Samuel Swanson 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1978,10(1):53-61
A soil geochemical survey for Ni plus magnetic and radiometric surveys were used to outline a small dunite body on Rich Mountain, North Carolina. The dunite body is poorly exposed and is enclosed by garnet-bearing amphibolite of the Ashe Formation. Of the geophysical techniques used, the magnetic survey gives a better definition of the known extent of the body than the radiometric survey. However, the 400-ppm Ni contour from the soil program appears to best define the dunite and suggests that it extends farther to the north and east than was indicated from geologic mapping. Though HF digestion yields higher Ni values than HNO3 + HCl digestion, the patterns are the same. The Mn content of the soil at the Rich Mountain locality probably could also be used to outline the dunite body. 相似文献
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We present results of field, microstructural, and textural studies in the Twin Sisters ultramafic complex (Washington State) that document localized deformation associated with the formation of dunite channels in naturally deformed upper mantle. The Twin Sisters complex is a well-exposed, virtually unaltered section of upper mantle lithosphere comprised largely of dunite and harzburgite (in cm- to m-scale primary compositional layers), and variably deformed orthopyroxenite and clinopyroxenite dikes. A series of ∼N–S striking, m-scale dunite bands (typically with porphyroclastic texture) occur throughout the study area and crosscut both the primary compositional layers and older orthopyroxenite dikes. Structural relationships suggest that these dunite bands represent former zones of channelized melt migration (i.e., dunite channels), and that strain localization was associated with melt migration. Early formed orthopyroxenite dikes are either absent within cross-cutting dunite channels, or have been displaced within channels relative to their position in the adjacent host rocks. These pre-existing orthopyroxenite dikes provide strain markers illustrating that displacement was localized primarily along channel margins, which have opposite senses of shear. In all cases where offsets were noted, the center of the channel was moved southward relative to its margins. Material flow and strain was, therefore, partitioned within channels during melt migration, and dunite channels did not accommodate net shear displacement of the adjacent host peridotites. Primary compositional layers adjacent to dunite channels document opposite rotation of olivine [100] crystallographic axes on either side of channel margins, consistent with the kinematic reversal inferred from offset markers at the outcrop scale, suggesting that the formation of dunite channels also induced host rock deformation proximal to channels. Strain localization that was focused at the margin of the bands was likely facilitated by melt-induced weakening. Channelized movement within the dunite bands may have resulted from matrix compaction within channels, pressure gradients during melt migration, or a combination of these processes during coaxial deformation. 相似文献
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R. S. Palamarchuk S. Yu. Stepanov D. A. Khanin A. V. Antonov 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2017,72(6):445-454
This work presents the results of the first comprehensive study of PGE mineralization from massive chromitites of the Iov dunite body (Northern Urals). The chromitites are composed of chromespinelides with a higher content of Cr2O3 with respect to those from other zonal clinopyroxenite–dunite massifs of the Urals. However, the composition of chromespinelides fits the trend that is characteristic of the dunite–clinopyroxenite–gabbro formation. PGE minerals, in particular Pt–Fe solid solutions, were identified in chromitites and in chromespinelides in the form of crystals and aggregates of a complex non-crystallographic habit and less often of an idiomorphic cubic habit. In terms of stoichiometry, Pt–Fe minerals correspond to ferroplatinum (Pt2Fe) and isoferroplatinum (Pt3Fe). The minerals of the isomorphic tetraferroplatinum–tulameenite–nickelferroplatinum series are widely distributed. Thus, the PGE mineralization of the Iov dunite body has features that are characteristic of clinopyroxenite–dunite massifs of the Urals. 相似文献
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Summary ?Many ultramafic complexes, some of which have chromitite bodies, are exposed in the Sangun zone in central Chugoku district,
Southwest Japan. Harzburgite is always dominant over dunite, but the dunite/harzburgite ratio varies from complex to complex.
Large chromitite bodies are exclusively found in relatively dunite-dominant complexes or portions.
The degree of roundness, DR#=[area/(round-length)2] (normalized by a circle’s value: 1/4π), of chromian spinel is variable, depending on lithology of the peridotites. Chromian
spinel is mostly anhedral or even vermicular (less than 0.4 in DR#) in harzburgite, and is most frequently euhedral or rounded
(within the range of 0.7 to 0.9 in DR#) in dunite.
The morphology of spinel is correlated with chemistry: the DR# is positively correlated with Ti content and Fe3+#(=Fe3+/(Cr + Al + Fe3+)), but is not related to Cr#. When chromitite is present in dunite, the spinel is relatively anhedral (vermicular) and low
in Ti and Fe3+# in the dunite whereas it is relatively euhedral and high in Ti and Fe3+# in surrounding harzburgite. We define these spinels as “extraordinary” spinels, which are commonly found in Wakamatsu mine
area in the Tari-Misaka complex, which exploits the largest chromite body in Japan. The rocks with the “extraordinary” spinels
show transitional lithologies (a gradual boundary, one meter to several tens of meters in width) between dunite and harzburgite
with “ordinary” spinels.
The formation of dunite and chromitite is interpreted as a result of the reaction of harzburgite with a relatively Ti-rich
magma (back-arc basin or MORB-like magma) and related magma mixing, as discussed by Arai and Yurimoto (1994). The dike-like occurrence of the dunite and chromitite indicates that the reaction took place along melt conduits
(=fractures) less than 200 m in width. Podiform chromitites were formed only when the reaction zone was relatively wide (several
tens of meters in width), that is, only when the degree of interaction was relatively high. The magma modified by the reaction
percolated, possibly by porous flow from the reaction zone outward, and changed the texture and chemistry of chromian spinel,
on the scale of several tens of meters. This type of melt transport, or melt flow through fractures with a melt percolation
aureole, may be prevalent in the uppermost mantle.
Received February 8, 2000;/revised version accepted December 22, 2000 相似文献
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David M. Evans Finn M. Barrett Hazel M. Prichard Peter C. Fisher 《Mineralium Deposita》2012,47(1-2):175-196
Significant and widespread enrichment of platinum, palladium, and gold has been found within the Nkenja mafic–ultramafic body located in southern Tanzania in the central part of the Ubendian metamorphic belt. This body is dominated by partly serpentinized chromitiferous dunite, wehrlite and olivine clinopyroxenite, which are tectonically intercalated with amphibolitized metagabbro. The dunites contain both disseminated and seam-type chrome spinel with an Al-rich composition. The seams are thin, impersistent and, together with enclosing dunite, often show deformation at granulite facies conditions. Forsterite contents of olivine in the dunite range from 87 to 92?mol%. Clinopyroxene in wehrlite and clinopyroxenite is diopsidic with significant contents of Al and Na. Clinopyroxene forms irregular bands and crosscutting veins in the dunite, as well as occurring as weakly dispersed isolated grains in the dunite. Elevated levels of Pt, Pd and Au occur in all ultramafic rocks, but not amphibolitized metagabbro, and there is a weak correlation between high abundances of platinum-group element (PGE) and chromitites. PGE values are erratically distributed and are associated with trace to minor amounts of disseminated sulphides (pyrrhotite, pentlandite, heazlewoodite, chalcopyrite and bornite). The abundances of all PGE are consistently anomalous, suggesting a primary igneous control by sulphides in ultramafic rock. However, there has evidently been a strong metamorphic and/or hydrothermal overprint on what was probably an original magmatic concentration of PGE-bearing sulphides. Geological mapping and petrological evidence, as well as the style of PGE sulphide mineralization, are consistent with the Nkenja ultramafic body being part of the crustal section of a dismembered Palaeoproterozoic ophiolite. 相似文献