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北祁连玉门旱峡一带志留系震积岩及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
北祁连加里东造山带是一个强烈的古构造活动带。在晚加里东期同造山过程中，北祁连－河西走廊地区处于同造山盆地的构造背景下。响应北祁连造山带的造山过程，玉门旱峡及肃南梨园河、民乐扁都口等地的志留系发育典型的地震事件沉积－震积岩。在震积岩发育最好的玉门旱峡一带，旱峡组背景沉积为碎屑岩潮坪沉积。地震事件沉积以砂泥岩脉、微断裂、微褶皱纹理、负荷构造和火焰构造及地震角砾岩等为特色，形成震裂－震褶－液化砂泥岩脉的复合震积岩、自碎屑角砾岩和内碎屑副角砾岩等不同的震积岩类型。 相似文献
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梁定益等(2002)研究认为太行山北段河北省涞源县白石山地质公园内存在一条与中元古代雾迷山组沉积时代相当的地裂缝构造,且地裂缝内填充由地震触发,重力垮塌形成的震积岩(含软沉积变形)。近期实地考察后,笔者等得出与上述观点不同的认识,即先前认为的地裂缝实为一条断裂带:震积岩为断裂带构造岩;断层主滑移带内发育S—C面理构造;断层角砾复杂结构是构造变形和压溶作用的结果;断裂整体表现为含正断层分量的走滑断层。结合太行山北段区域构造演化历史,本文提出该断裂最早形成于燕山运动期间,此后在区域构造应力作用下可能多次活动。 相似文献
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龙门山造山带早期断裂活动的古地震制约——来自汶川科钻(WFSD)岩心的证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
强地震是断裂活动的表现形式,可以诱发地表沉积层序顶部未固结的软沉积物发生变形,形成新的变形层(即震积岩***)。因此,在连续沉积剖面中赋存的多层震积岩应是断裂活动的直接证据。川西前陆盆地中的软沉积物变形记载了龙门山断裂带的活动信息,对认识龙门山造山带演化历史具有重要意义。本文通过"汶川地震断裂带科学钻探"一号孔(WFSD-1)和三号孔(WFSD-3)连续岩心剖面的岩性分析和构造研究,识别出11段不同深度的液化角砾岩层,它们是地震触发成因的软沉积物变形岩层。11个液化角砾岩段厚度从~20m至102m不等,分布在晚三叠世须家河组二-五段。这些液化角砾岩层记录了龙门山前陆盆地形成过程中晚三叠世断裂活动特征及趋势。这些厚度不等的震积岩粗略指示约2~20万年的地震活动长周期(地震幕),以及约4至70万年的间震期(地震幕的间隔时间),反映了龙门山断裂早期脉动式(幕式)活动特征。从不同段液化角砾岩层分布间隔规律来看,地震活跃期间隔(即间震期)越来越短,显示龙门山造山带断裂活动越来越强的趋势。结合前人地表软沉积物变形研究,我们认为龙门山造山带在晚三叠世经历了多期次的正断-逆冲活动的造山作用(至少经历14个地震活跃期),形成龙门山雏形及前陆盆地。 相似文献
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藏南晚白垩世宗卓组巨型混杂堆积的特征及其地裂-地震成因论证 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
藏南晚白垩世宗卓组为超常规模的地裂-地震成因的混杂堆积，主体为一套延伸距离远、厚度巨大的巨震浊积岩。分为基质和岩块两个组成部分，基质为泥、砂质浊积复理石，岩块的岩性有不同时代的砂岩、泥晶灰岩、结晶灰岩、火山岩和硅质岩等，物源主要来自印度板块北缘和洋壳本身。宗卓组中广泛发育有同沉积角砾岩、同沉积塑性变形、微断层、液化脉和砂岩脉等震积标志。依据岩块大小和碎屑沉积物粒径，这套巨震浊积岩可划分为8个“巨浊积旋回”，表现为8个地震周期。宗卓组震积岩形成于会聚板块边缘，是被动伸展构造环境的产物。 相似文献
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论震积作用和震积岩 总被引：93，自引：2，他引：93
地震是一种灾害性的地质事件。地震及其引发的海啸、重力流可以形成震积岩、海啸岩和震浊积岩。在地震过程中,震积作用可以形成特殊的构造标志(地震断裂层、地裂缝、微同沉积断裂、微褶皱纹理、重力断层等)、沉积和成岩标志(砂岩脉、泥岩脉、泥晶脉,即磨牙(molar tooth)构造、枕状层、砂火山、泥火山、同沉积变形构造、丘状层理等)。地震沉积组合包括原地震积岩(A,包括震裂岩、震褶岩、自碎屑角砾岩、内碎屑副角砾岩等)、海啸岩(B,由具丘状层理、平行层理的碎屑岩或内碎屑灰岩组成)、震浊积岩(C,由具块状层理、递变层理或玻马序列的粗碎屑岩或碎屑灰岩组成)及背景沉积(D)4个单元,它们组合成A-B-C-D、A-B-D、A-C-D、A-D、B-D、C-D等6种类型的沉积序列。 相似文献
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川东地区飞一段震积岩的发现及识别标志 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
川东华蓥山断裂带附近飞仙关组一段发育大量同生变形构造。通过野外剖面和岩心观察分析,认为液化岩脉、重力断层、刺穿层理、肠状构造、火焰构造及卷曲变形构造等同生变形构造为震积成因。震积作用沉积可分为原地震积岩(A)、震积—海啸岩(B)和背景沉积(C)三个单元,其中A单元包括液化碳酸盐岩脉(a)、震褶岩(b)、震裂岩(c),发育a b c（A1）和b c（A2）两种组合。飞一段各震积单元组成A1 B A2 C沉积序列。结合对区域构造背景的分析,认为震积岩的发育与华蓥山断裂带的阶段性活动有关,华蓥山断裂带强烈活动诱发地震是飞一段震积岩形成的动力机制。 相似文献
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作者对浙西寒武系碳酸盐岩做系统调查时发现,在开化裴岭脚产出的大陈岭组碳酸盐岩中含有大量的液化泥晶脉、微同生变形构造、角砾岩及与之伴生的浊积岩等典型的地震-海啸沉积标志。根据震积岩特征及其在剖面上的分布,该地大陈岭期的地震活动可以分为两期:第一期以震积岩(A,液化亮晶脉和泥晶脉)、啸积岩(B,具丘状层理或平行层理的内碎屑白云质灰岩)、震浊积岩(C,具递变层理或鲍马序列且层面上有槽模构造的砾屑白云质灰岩或砂屑白云质灰岩)和背景沉积(D)组成的A-B-C-D沉积序列为特征;第二期为震积岩(A,液化亮晶脉和泥晶脉、震裂岩、震褶岩和内碎屑角砾岩等)和沉积背景(D)组成的A-D沉积序列。而在常山白石和芳村的大陈岭组剖面,上述特征不明显,但局部能看到液化变形构造。往南东至江山的碓边则不见震积岩特征。从震积岩的分布上分析,浙西大陈岭期的地震活动不受控于江绍深断裂,应与开化—淳安大断裂的形成有关,是开化—淳安大断裂形成于早古生代的一个证据。此外,值得一提的是,这是确凿的后震旦纪的“Molartooth”。 相似文献
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大陆边缘震积岩序列──以金沙江中段震积岩为例 总被引：30，自引：1，他引：30
通过对金沙江中段震积岩的研究，建立了大陆边缘震积岩序列。该序列包括递交断裂层、震碎角砾岩、震褶岩及层内断层、滑塌巨角砾岩、震积角砾岩及震浊积单元，它具有原地相的地震扰动层和异地相的滑来震积层双层结构，两层之间被震积不整合面所分隔。该序列反映了一次地震事件的全过程，将为地质学家识别大陆边缘地震事件提供对比标准。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献