共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
针对目前地震水氡模拟观测操作繁琐、干扰因素多等现状,引入新型水氡观测仪进行检测并与FD-125测氡仪开展对比试验研究。两款水氡观测仪在地震监测氡观测仪检测平台标准氡室校准,并依托九江地震台相同水样和环境下开展对比测量表明,在静置时间为1 h前提下,新型水氡观测仪重复性、相对误差、相对固有误差、固有本底符合技术要求,与FD-125测氡仪对比测量数据的一致性较好,但灵敏度指标有待提升。该仪器整体设计基本满足地震模拟水氡测量发展需求,可减少人工操作带来的测量误差,提升测量效率和数据质量。 相似文献
2.
异常调研是地震监测预报工作条例的基础环节,准确识别地震地球物理异常是地震预报科学难题之一。迪庆流体观测井是云南省地震地球物理观测台网滇西观测台之一,自2011年以来同步开展水位和水温观测。2021年9月,该井水位、水温测项同步出现快速上升变化,与2012年6月24日宁蒗MS 5.7地震发生前异常特征相似。为确证异常的地震前兆意义,基于客观性、基础性系统开展现场调研。通过观测系统工作状态和观测站环境变化调查,排除人为干扰,确证了异常的客观性。通过井水与井区周边地表水的化学成分对比检测,论证了异常的基础性,应为当前观测井附近区域深部活动的体现。结合以往震例,明确了异常具有的地震前兆意义,证明了本次异常调研的有效性。本次开展的震前异常调研和震后异常总结工作,可为该区域未来震情分析研判提供参考。 相似文献
3.
《水文科学杂志》2013,58(1)
Abstract Abstract Inter-basin transfer of water in India is a long-term option to correct the spatial and temporal mismatch of water availability and demand, largely owing to the monsoon climate. This paper is concerned with analysis and preliminary design of a large inter-basin water transfer system in peninsular India. The system covers four major basins and involves operation of 13 major structures. The study was carried out in three stages. First, the surface water deficit in each basin was estimated. Then the net deficit was worked out by considering the availability of groundwater. Finally, the link systems were planned to transfer the amount of water needed to meet the demands with desired reliability. 相似文献
4.
Considerable water leakages from reservoirs make it difficult to attain the planned storage capacity. In some cases water leakages give rise to suffusion followed by catastrophes. Until recently methods for locating water leakages were extremely imperfect. Geophysical methods offer good prospects in this direction. For solving these problems, it is effective to use streaming potential measurements, water flow rate observations and thermometry. Laboratory experiments were carried out in connection with the fact that water leakages from reservoirs are characterized by negative anomalies of natural currents; the more filtration discharge, the higher these anomalies are. As a result, the relationship governing the intensity of streaming potential and sand granulometric composition, electrolyte concentrations and other factors were revealed. To determine the velocity of water flowing to leakage sites, a special device, based on the relationship between the temperature of a heated body and its resistance, is applied. This device simultaneously makes it possible to measure the water medium temperature. Observations at reservoir sites were effected by moving along the reservoir non-polarizable potential electrodes and water velocity devices. Recordings were carried out automatically by the recording device of the logging apparatus. Under the conditions of ice cover on water surfaces, measurements were made through separate points by digging holes in the ice cover. Practical field observations were carried out at reservoir sites located in regions where fissured massive rocks as well as loose sediments predominate. In the first case field experiments were carried out in alpine reservoirs, in Armenia. The major water leakages were found to be concentrated on the right bank of the reservoir. In this connection it was not only possible to locate water leakage sites, but also to evaluate their relative intensity. These data were used for planning antifiltration measures. In the second case water leakages from a reservoir located in Uzbekistan in the submontane part of the Pamirs were studied. Streaming potential anomalies and high benthonic flow rates made it possible to discover high filtrations in the base and walls of the dam. Further perfection of these methods should not only permit the determination of water leakage sites and their relative intensity, but also filtration discharges in absolute units. 相似文献
5.
O. V. Zaitseva K. L. Danilov K. K. Kalnin’sh N. L. Lavrik G. A. Fokin 《Water Resources》2013,40(2):194-201
Physicochemical and bioassay methods are used to carry out a comprehensive study of the properties of two types of activated waters: “thermally activated,” i.e., thermal water, referred to as “white spring” or “cold boiling water” in folk medicine, and “melt” water after quick freeze. The test object for bioassay were apple shell mollusks Pomacea canaliculata from a laboratory culture used to carry out patented and widely tested methods of freshwater quality bioassay. Oxygen and hydrogen peroxide concentrations and pH were determined in water. The integral biological activity of water was evaluated by a method based on the use of absorption spectra to evaluate the rate of redox transformation in the quinone-hydroquinol system. Similar studies were carried out with three types of reference samples: settled original tap water, the same water cooled to the freezing point, and water artificially enriched with hydrogen peroxide. The water activated by thermal impact has been found to have higher biological activity than the original tap water. 相似文献
6.
北京城市湖泊富营养化评价与分析 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23
根据2006年对北京市区不同功能重点湖泊水体进行的逐月监测,采用综合营养状态指数法,对湖泊富营养化现状进行了评价。结果表明,水源湖泊目前处于中营养状态,但在夏秋季由于温度和光照等气象条件的影响,可接近轻富营养;重要景观湖泊处于轻一中度富营养;一般景观湖泊处于中度一重度富营养状态。湖泊富营养程度随季节变化明显：盛夏和初秋形成高峰,冬、春季最低,总磷、总氮含量与叶绿素a呈显著正相关关系,尤其总磷与叶绿素a的相关性更加显著。由于城市排水管网不健全,雨污分流不彻底,暴雨期大量溢流生活污水直接向湖泊补水河道中排放;湖泊补水沿线降雨径流产生的非点源污染较严重;加上污水处理厂再生水水质较差,加重了补给湖泊富营养程度。 相似文献
7.
Regression analysis of water quality in the Iset River in an industrial zone of Sverdlovsk province was carried out. The volume
of pollution disposal in industrial wastewaters and water treatment cost are taken into account. It is shown that water-environmental
investments are insufficient and can be used more efficiently by using to improve the self-purification capacity of the water
body. 相似文献
8.
9.
Digital databases on 444 stations were used to carry out statistical analysis of regularities in the spatial distribution of Barents Sea water pollution. The analysis was focused on the concentrations in water of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and toxic organic compounds: hexachlorocyclohexanes, hexachlorobenzene, chlordans, DDT, polychlorbiphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and normal paraffins. The statistical analysis of data on pollutants was carried out along two major directions in their distribution: the vertical—in the surface and bottom water layers; and the horizontal—over water masses. Reliable differences were identified in the pollution level of different water masses of the Barents Sea. The frontal zone was found to concentrate pollution. 相似文献
10.
核电站设备的振动台试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文进行了核电站设备（IS型单级单吸清水离心泵）的动力特性测试和振动台试验，使用自由振动衰减法、白噪声激振法和半功率点法分别测出了水泵在三个方向上的自振频率和阻尼比。给出了楼板加速度时程的模拟方法。根据本文给出的模拟方法和楼板反应谱，模拟了楼板加速度时程，并进行了水泵的振动台试验。振动台试验是在水泵工作状态下进行的。 相似文献
11.
Ship board testing of a deoxygenation ballast water treatment 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
McCollin T Quilez-Badia G Josefsen KD Gill ME Mesbahi E Frid CL 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(8):1170-1178
A ship board trial of a deoxygenation method for treating ballast water was carried out during a voyage from Southampton (United Kingdom) to Manzanillo (Panama). A nutrient solution added to two ballast tanks encouraged bacterial growth, resulting in a gradual change to an anoxic environment. Samples were taken from two treated tanks and two untreated tanks to assess changes in the abundance and viability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacteria. The work was carried out before the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was agreed so only a broad indication of whether the results achieved the standard was given. For the zooplankton, the standard would have been achieved within 5 or 7 days but the phytoplankton results were inconclusive. The biological efficacy was the result of the combination of several factors, including the treatment, pump damage and an increase in the water temperature during the voyage. 相似文献
12.
Application of semi‐distributed hydrological model for basin level water balance of the Ken basin of Central India 
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下载免费PDF全文 In the present study, a semi‐distributed hydrological model soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) has been employed for the Ken basin of Central India to predict the water balance. The entire basin was divided into ten sub basins comprising 107 hydrological response units on the basis of unique slope, soil and land cover classes using SWAT model. Sensitivity analysis of SWAT model was performed to examine the critical input variables of the study area. For Ken basin, curve number, available water capacity, soil depth, soil evaporation compensation factor and threshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer (GWQ_MN) were found to be the most sensitive parameters. Yearly and monthly calibration (1985–1996) and validation (1997–2009) were performed using the observed discharge data of the Banda site in the Ken basin. Performance evaluation of the model was carried out using coefficient of determination, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, root mean square error‐observations standard deviation ratio, percent bias and index of agreement criterion. It was found that SWAT model can be successfully applied for hydrological evaluation of the Ken basin, India. The water balance analysis was carried out to evaluate water balance of the Ken basin for 25 years (1985–2009). The water balance exhibited that the average annual rainfall in the Ken basin is about 1132 mm. In this, about 23% flows out as surface run‐off, 4% as groundwater flow and about 73% as evapotranspiration. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
MRS applicability for a study of glacial sedimentary aquifers in Central Jutland, Denmark 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Konstantinos Chalikakis Mette Ryom Nielsen Anatoly Legchenko 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2008,66(3-4):176
Intensive geophysical measurements are currently being carried out in Denmark to comply with the Danish Government's environmental plans of dense hydrogeological mapping to ensure high quality non-treated drinking water supply based solely on groundwater. A MRS-TDEM combined geophysical survey was conducted to measure the applicability and the contribution of MRS to running drilling programs.Despite complicated electromagnetic noise conditions, the MRS method proved to be applicable in the Danish context. An example of the practical application of MRS combined with TDEM in two selected areas of the former County of Vejle in Denmark, demonstrates the efficiency of the technique. The MRS results clearly suggest optimal locations for water supply boreholes within subsurface structures with homogeneous resistivity conditions mapped by TDEM. These results reveal the interest of using MRS as a new geophysical tool for the Danish water supply policy, which can provide a foundation for optimising drilling site locations within areas with resistivities in the aquifer range. However, more MRS soundings need to be carried out in order to improve MRS calibration in the Danish context, which will allow quantitative MRS characterization of aquifers. 相似文献
14.
K. Machmerth 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1984,12(5):479-489
A tabular survey is given from literature concerning seven extraction techniques, 14 thin-layer chromatographic detection techniques and 15 spray reagents. From the possibilities represented in this way, a newly composed method is described which can be carried out in any routine laboratory within one hour and has proved successful in situations of average of the drinking water supply. 1 l water is extracted with 25 ml CCl4, the extract is concentrated in the vacuum to 1 ml and chromatographed with n-hexane on a prefabricated foil. Detection is carried out with 10% methanolic molybdophosphoric acid. The detection limit is at 0.5 μg. 相似文献
15.
The results of geochemical studies of water composition in an oligotrophic bog are analyzed. The specific features of the formation of the bog water composition in various phytocenoses are shown. The amounts of elements carried out with the runoff from the oligotrophic bog are assessed. 相似文献
16.
Water Quality of the River Yamuna in the Delhi Stretch: Key Determinants and Management Issues 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The assessment of water quality of the River Yamuna in the Delhi stretch was carried out by determining changes in the concentration levels of 19 physico‐chemical parameters. It was observed that vegetation plays an important role in acting as a biological sink for mineral nutrients, thereby restoring the water quality. It is proposed that restoration of the inundation pattern of floodplains would greatly help in re‐aeration of the overlying water and re‐absorption of pollutants through mud/water exchanges. 相似文献
17.
K. K. Edel’shtein A. V. Goncharov M. G. Ershova V. V. Puklakov N. G. Puklakova D. I. Sokolov 《Water Resources》2010,37(2):234-244
The methodological features and results of two soil surveys of the Senezh Reservoir carried out in 1992 and 2006 as a part
of multidisciplinary limnological studies of this large recreation water body with the aim to monitor its ecological state
and prepare recommendations for water protection measures are analyzed 相似文献
18.
19.
Ali Ismet Kanli Zsolt Pronay Peter Tildy Endre Toros Boriszlav Neducza Peter Nagy 《Acta Geophysica》2018,66(6):1397-1411
The west channel of the ancient Deák Ferenc which was constructed in 1875 in Hungary was used for controlling the water amount and the east channel was used for the shipping. In the study, four geophysical nondestructive methods were used to this old channel which needs the restoration and reinforcement works. The high-frequency seismic and acoustic measurements were carried out, the resistivity measurements were carried out to map the resistivity distribution of the slab, the seismic direct wave method was used to map the seismic velocities for understanding the stability conditions of the walls and the ground penetrating radar measurements were carried out on the slab and on the walls. The results of integrated study showed us that voids, faults and cracks were detected and the inhomogeneous construction materials were used in the slab. The obtained results emerged that the usage of nondestructive geophysical methods is essential in all stages of restoration and reinforcement works, especially for the ancient structures. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2009,67(3-4):176-187
Intensive geophysical measurements are currently being carried out in Denmark to comply with the Danish Government's environmental plans of dense hydrogeological mapping to ensure high quality non-treated drinking water supply based solely on groundwater. A MRS-TDEM combined geophysical survey was conducted to measure the applicability and the contribution of MRS to running drilling programs.Despite complicated electromagnetic noise conditions, the MRS method proved to be applicable in the Danish context. An example of the practical application of MRS combined with TDEM in two selected areas of the former County of Vejle in Denmark, demonstrates the efficiency of the technique. The MRS results clearly suggest optimal locations for water supply boreholes within subsurface structures with homogeneous resistivity conditions mapped by TDEM. These results reveal the interest of using MRS as a new geophysical tool for the Danish water supply policy, which can provide a foundation for optimising drilling site locations within areas with resistivities in the aquifer range. However, more MRS soundings need to be carried out in order to improve MRS calibration in the Danish context, which will allow quantitative MRS characterization of aquifers. 相似文献