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1.
H. O. Prtner B. Berdal R. Blust O. Brix A. Colosimo B. De Wachter A. Giuliani T. Johansen T. Fischer R. Knust G. Lannig G. Naevdal A. Nedenes G. Nyhammer F. J. Sartoris I. Serendero P. Sirabella S. Thorkildsen M. Zakhartsev 《Continental Shelf Research》2001,21(18-19)
Effects of global warming on animal distribution and performance become visible in many marine ecosystems. The present study was designed to develop a concept for a cause and effect understanding with respect to temperature changes and to explain ecological findings based on physiological processes. The concept is based on a wide comparison of invertebrate and fish species with a special focus on recent data obtained in two model species of fish. These fish species are both characterized by northern and southern distribution limits in the North Atlantic: eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), as a typical non-migrating inhabitant of the coastal zone and the cod (Gadus morhua), as a typical inhabitant of the continental shelf with a high importance for fisheries.Mathematical modelling demonstrates a clear significant correlation between climate induced temperature fluctuations and the recruitment of cod stocks. Growth performance in cod is optimal at temperatures close to 10°C, regardless of the population investigated in a latitudinal cline. However, temperature specific growth rates decrease at higher latitudes. Also, fecundity is less in White Sea than in North and Baltic Sea cod or eelpout populations. These findings suggest that a cold-induced shift in energy budget occurs which is unfavorable for growth performance and fecundity. Thermal tolerance limits shift depending on latitude and are characterized by oxygen limitation at both low or high temperatures. Oxygen supply to tissues is optimized at low temperature by a shift in hemoglobin isoforms and oxygen binding properties to lower affinities and higher unloading potential. Protective stimulation of heat shock protein synthesis was not observed.According to a recent model of thermal tolerance the downward shift of tolerance limits during cold adaptation is associated with rising mitochondrial densities and, thus, aerobic capacity and performance in the cold, especially in eurythermal species. At the same time the costs of mitochondrial maintenance reflected by mitochondrial proton leakage should rise leaving a lower energy fraction for growth and reproduction. The preliminary conclusion can be drawn that warming will cause a northern shift of distribution limits for both species with a rise in growth performance and fecundity larger than expected from the Q10 effect in the north and lower growth or even extinction of the species in the south. Such a shift may heavily affect fishing activities in the North Sea. 相似文献
2.
S. H. Bowen 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1984,12(1):55-59
It depends on the trophic position of a species whether its growth is limited by the quantity or quality of diet: predators are frequently limited by the quantity of diet, primary consumers frequently by the quality of diet. The protein deficiency is of decisive importance for the growth of primary consumers. The digestible protein/digestible energy ratio is most important: 4 mg/kJ are sufficient for maintenance, 20… 30 mg/kJ are necessary for maximum growth. These values can be confirmed by feeding tests with Carassius auratus. According to measurements by different methods, the organic nitrogen is present in the detritus in the form of amino acids as bonded to organis matter. Thus, Sarotherodon mossambicus assimilates 25.6 mg amino acids/kJ from detritus, whereas only 25% of these amino acids can be identified as protein. Due to the utilization of this source of diet, detrivorous fish occupy a special position in the chain of diet, thus gaining a great importance for the aquatic culture. 相似文献
3.
Oreochromis niloticus is an endemic species in the River Nile and represents the main object of fishery in the Nile Delta Lakes of which Lake Maryût is the smallest and most polluted. Due to current pollution problems, fish production in the lake greatly declined. Besides fish biology, this study considered a wide array of water databases in selected sites along the lake. Hydrologic and biologic data were compared to that of a reference fish hatchery. Water concentrations of ammonia, manganese, nickel, cadmium, lead and mercury proved hazardous to fish, whereas chromium, copper, iron, zinc, pH, alkalinity, hardness, phosphate, nitrate, and nitrite always fell within acceptable levels. Physiologic evaluation of O. niloticus pointed out improper growth, protein inadequacy, and functional impairment in fish inhabiting polluted sites, in particular the lake main basin. These were reflected by data of specific formulae as RNA/DNA and the relative RNA content (r) in cells of the liver and gill arches as well as by the relative mobilization of serum protein fractions. It seems, however, that growth competence is additionally affected by the stress impact exerted upon fish by massive population numbers in some cramped commercial ponds. 相似文献
4.
由于自然和人为因素的影响,三峡水库鱼类资源一直在发生变化,为掌握三峡水库蓄水后典型支流香溪河鱼类群落的现状及历史变化,于2020年7月—2021年4月使用多网目复合刺网和地笼对香溪河鱼类群落进行实地采样,并结合历史数据进行比较分析。研究期间共采集到鱼类55种,隶属于7目14科,鲤科鱼类种类数最多,以杂食性鱼类和湖泊定居性鱼类为主,优势种为贝氏?(Hemiculter bleekeri)、短颌鲚(Coilia bratchygnahus)、似鳊(Pseudobrama simoni)和翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus),其相对重要性指数(IRI)分别为5502、3828、2567和1109。鱼类物种多样性指数在春季最高,夏季最低。刺网单位捕捞努力量渔获个体数和单位捕捞努力量渔获量在夏季最高,冬季最低。与三峡水库蓄水前相比,香溪河鱼类中长江上游特有鱼类减少4种,外来鱼类增加3种。湖泊定居性种类持续增加,喜流水性种类减少,鱼类优势种发生较大变动。2020—2021年香溪河鱼类组成与1987年的相似性指数为0.29,与2012—2013年的相似性指数为0.53,反映三峡水库蓄水前后香溪河... 相似文献
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千岛湖(新安江水库)是我国大水面生态渔业发展的典型湖库,其渔业主要以鲢、鳙等滤食性鱼类增殖为主,对鱼食性鱼类资源的研究和关注相对匮乏。而鱼食性鱼类是水生食物网的顶级捕食者,对维持水生态系统结构和功能具有重要作用。近年来,受过度捕捞、生境退化等影响,千岛湖鱼食性鱼类资源下降明显。鉴于此,2021年3月—2022年12月,逐月在千岛湖收集4种同域共存的鱼食性鱼类样品1032尾,包括翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、大眼鳜(Siniperca knerii)和斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri),系统研究并比较了4种鱼食性鱼类年龄、生长、繁殖等生活史策略的分化特征。结果表明,千岛湖4种鱼食性鱼类优势年龄组均未超过3龄,说明其种群呈现低龄化现象。生长式型上,翘嘴鲌和蒙古鲌属正异速生长,而大眼鳜和斑鳜属负异速生长,说明4种鱼食性鱼类具有不同的生长策略。条件系数(CF)的变化趋势与繁殖活动密切相关,其中大眼鳜的条件系数最高(1.92%±0.03%),其次为斑鳜(1.72%±0.02%)和蒙古鲌(1.14%±0.01%),翘嘴鲌的条件系... 相似文献
6.
长江天鹅洲故道是长江江豚首个迁地保护区,其中充足而适口的饵料鱼类资源是长江江豚种群健康发展的保障。为此,根据2017年10月—2021年4月对长江天鹅洲故道进行的7次鱼类调查数据,结合禁捕前的历史数据,对其鱼类群落结构演变进行了分析,并针对长江江豚饵料鱼的供应状况对天鹅洲故道内鱼类资源管理提出了建议。调查期间,共采集到鱼类57种,其中,蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)和鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)等大中型鱼类生物量明显增加,而?(Hemiculter leucisculus)和似鳊(Pseudobrama simoni)等小型鱼类生物量呈现下降趋势。鱼类群落优势种逐渐由太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis)、短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)和?等小型鱼类转变为鳙、蒙古鲌和拟尖头鲌(Culter oxycephaloides)等大中型鱼类,尤其是新近出现的拟尖头鲌种群发展迅速。同时,短颌鲚和?等小型鱼类的体重在减小,而鲢、鳙等大中型鱼类规格在持续提高。长江江豚以小... 相似文献
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8.
The objective of this paper is to compare the trend of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) bioaccumulation in three species of Lake Ontario salmonids with similar diet patterns and habitat. The concept of bioenergetics, which relates the growth and energy expenditure of a fish directly to its food consumption, is integrated into the study of pollutant accumulation. The resulting bioaccumulation model is a comprehensive approach that combines the physiological information of the fish, such as diet, metabolism, respiration, habitat, age and species, with the environmental conditions in the lake. The three species of salmonids studied are Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush), Brown Trout (Salmo trutta), and Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The model, which relies on a lakewide water quality and fish sampling database from the Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, is applied to study the pattern of total body burden of PCBs over the life span of the fish. Results from the model compare favorably to the data, and the observations clearly demonstrate the relative effects of food and water contamination on the time-dependent accumulation of PCBs in the bodies of fish. It is observed that different species sharing the same habitat and exposed to similar water contaminant concentrations are exhibiting marked difference in the body accumulation of PCBs. This difference is successfully reproduced with the model through judicious representation of their diet preferences and generically-governed metabolisms. 相似文献
9.
Frankie Thielen Uwe Weibel Jürgen Hirt Marcel Münderle Michael Marten Horst Taraschewski Bernd Sures 《Limnologica》2008,38(1):76-85
The fish fauna in the northern part of the upper river Rhine close to the city of Karlsruhe (Germany) was analyzed by collecting fish from the cooling-water intake of a power plant (impingement method) between 1989 and 2001. With this method a total of 36 fish species were recorded. The results were compared between the years as well as with other studies on the fish fauna in this area. Particularly with regard to the physical structure of the river bed and banks, the pre-technical situation of the river Rhine has not been restored. However, the number of fish species has been augmented since the 1970s mainly due to improvements in the water quality and almost all autochthonous fish species are present again. Altogether only three introduced fish species (Sander lucioperca L., Lepomis gibbosus L., and Carassius auratus gibelio were found in this study. Among the long-distance migrating species three freshwater spawners (Lampetra fluviatilis, Petromyzon marinus and Salmo trutta trutta) were detected in addition to the catadromous eel. The eudominant fish species varied between years, i.e. the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, was the eudominant species 1989, whereas this species occurred in much lower numbers during the subsequent sampling campaigns. This clearly indicates that the high dominance of eels is mainly caused by stocking activities in the upper Rhine. In the following years roach, Rutilus rutilus was the eudominant fish species. Overall a positive development of the fish fauna in the upper Rhine over the last 15 years could be observed in terms of fish populations as well as in terms of species richness. 相似文献
10.
洪泽湖鱼类群落结构及其资源变化 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
根据2017-2018年在洪泽湖湖心、成子湖湾、保护区湖湾和淮河入湖口进行的鱼类资源调查,结合历年渔业捕捞统计数据,分析了该水域的鱼类群落结构及资源变化趋势.调查共采获鱼类51种,隶属10目16科41属,其中鲤形目种类最多,占总数的62.7%;群落优势种为鳙（Aristichthys nobilis）、（Hemiculter leucisculus）、鲫（Carassius auratus）、刀鲚（Coilia nasus）等7种,鱼类群落的丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数处于一般至较丰富水平.不同类型湖区间鱼类种类及优势种组成存在一定差异,其中湖心、淮河入湖口的生物多样性指数整体高于成子湖湾、保护区湖湾.与历史资料相比,洪泽湖鱼类的物种数量下降,鱼类资源组成结构发生较大变化,鱼类个体小型化趋势明显,捕捞强度过大、水位波动和水质污染是洪泽湖渔业资源衰退的主要因素. 相似文献
11.
呼伦湖鱼类群落结构及其渔业资源变化 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
根据2014-2015年在呼伦湖进行的鱼类资源拖网调查,结合历年渔业捕捞资料,分析该水域的鱼类群落结构及渔业资源发展趋势.结果表明:本次调查共采获鱼类21种,隶属4目6科21属,其中鲤形目种类最多,占总数的81.0%;群落优势种为贝氏(Hemiculter bleekeri)、红鳍原鲌(Cultrichthys erythropterus)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)和瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii),鱼类群落的丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数均偏低.东部、西部湖区间的鱼类群落组成存在一定差异,其中西部湖区的鱼类物种数量较少,但大中型鱼类比例及生物多样性较高.与历史资料相比,呼伦湖鱼类的物种数量下降,优势种组成发生较大变化,鱼类个体小型化趋势明显,而捕捞强度过大、湖泊富营养化加剧及气候水文条件变化是导致呼伦湖渔业资源衰退的主要因素. 相似文献
12.
梯级小水电的开发一定程度上破坏了河流连通性并阻碍了鱼类洄游通道。黑水河流域松新坝址为了满足鱼类上行产卵修建了松新鱼道,然而作为洄游物种生命周期中的关键行为,鱼类下行洄游的需求也同等重要。为了寻求一种可行、高效、低损伤的下行过鱼方式,了解河流中不同环境因素对鱼类下行效率的影响,本研究在金沙江下游支流黑水河松新水电站补水通道开展鱼类下行过坝效果评估研究。针对两种鲤科鱼类(棒花鱼Abbottina rivularis和短须裂腹鱼Schizothorax wangchiachii)幼鱼和两种鳅科鱼类(短体副鳅Paracobitis potanini和红尾副鳅Paracobitis variegatus)幼鱼各放鱼90尾,定量分析鱼种、水体透明度、放鱼位置、流量、水温、水位等因素对鱼类下行效率的影响。结果表明:棒花鱼、短须裂腹鱼、短体副鳅、红尾副鳅的下行率依次为22.22%(20尾)、28.89%(26尾)、8.89%(8尾)、15.56%(14尾);幼鱼下行成功率与上游河道水温呈正相关趋势,且放鱼位置、鱼种、上游河道水温和流量均对鱼类下行成功率有显著影响。通过构建二元Logistic回归模型识... 相似文献
13.
湖南沅水五强溪水库鱼类资源现状及其历史变化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
水电工程对鱼类生境和资源多样性具有重大的影响.于2012年4月-2014年3月,对湖南省沅水五强溪水库鱼类资源进行调查,以了解五强溪水库建成20年后鱼类资源的现状及多样性变化.结果表明,在五强溪水库共采集鉴定鱼类86种(包括引进种5种),隶属7目18科58属.种类组成以鲤形目种类数最多,占总种类数的66.28%.在五强溪水库库尾、库区和坝下江段,鱼类物种数分别为54、67和52,其中,库区与坝下江段之间鱼类群落为中等相似,库区与库尾、库尾与坝下江段之间鱼类群落为中等不相似.在生态类型上,水库鱼类呈现多样化特征,以湖泊定居性、杂食性和底栖性鱼类居多,分别占总种类数的68.60%、55.81%和41.86%.各江段渔获物组成存在一定差异,但黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)、鲤(Cyprinuscarpio)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)等在各江段均占有较高比例.渔获物产量和规格以库区较高,库尾、坝下江段偏低,鱼类小型化现象明显.与五强溪水库建成前相比,本次调查水库库区江段鱼类种类减少46种,降幅为40.71%,一些常见经济鱼类如鳤(Ochetobius elongatus)、白甲鱼(Onychostoma sima)、瓣结鱼(Brevifilis brevifilis)、长吻鮠(Leiocassis longirostris)等没有发现. 相似文献
14.
供给侧改革与科技创新耦合助推西藏渔业资源养护 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
由于西藏生态环境脆弱、生态系统结构简单、生产力低下以及高原鱼类生长缓慢、资源补充周期长、对生境高度适应和依赖等特点,高原水域水生生态更容易受到外界的影响.尤其近几十年以来,外来鱼类入侵、水电水利设施的兴建、过度捕捞、水质环境恶化,导致162种青藏高原鱼类中,处于极危、濒危、易危或野外绝灭鱼类就有35种,超过了20%,在雅鲁藏布江中游,常见的6种裂腹鱼类中,有3种鱼类处于濒危状态,因此推动西藏渔业资源养护刻不容缓.供给侧改革和科技创新,将为西藏渔业资源养护注入新的活力.通过科学引导放生行为,规范和加强增殖放流行为,积累和推广本土鱼类繁育技术,密切关注西藏水生态系统,将会推动西藏渔业资源养护工作迈上一个新台阶,也会助推西藏"精准扶贫"进程. 相似文献
15.
Breeding ornamental fish in wastewater was a successful solution not only to decrease sanitary risks but also to encourage fish growth. In fact, the secondary treated effluent was used to grow a walking catfish (Clarias batrachus), a western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis; Poeciliidae), and a leopard pleco (Glyptoperichthys gibbiceps). The growth rate of fish reared in final treated wastewater was significantly higher than of treated effluent (25 and 50%) and the relative growth rate during 2 months reached 2, 4, and 2.5, respectively. Bacterial loads were important in the gills compared to other fish organs (intestine, skin, and edible muscles). However, the total aerobic germs ranged between 2 × 103 and 3.4 × 103 cfu/g in the edible fish species cultured in secondary treated effluent. The pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila was absent in all examined fish muscles. However, the presence of tested fishes did not prevent the reduction of the treatment biological parameter (BOD and COD) at half, in the three treated wastewater proportions (25, 50, and 100%) and thereafter, they clearly participated to the tertiary biological treatment of used water. Further bacteriological and physico‐chemical analyses indicated that the use of treated wastewater in aquaculture is safe and risks to human health are reduced. 相似文献
16.
东部平原湖泊区是我国淡水湖泊最集中的地区,分布着我国的五大淡水湖等诸多湖泊.然而,江湖阻隔对该区域湖泊的生物多样性造成严重威胁.本文选取东部平原的9个湖泊,对江湖阻隔前后鱼类功能性状（3组分类性状和6个连续性状）和功能多样性指数的变化规律开展了研究.结果表明,9个湖泊的鱼类总物种数由江湖阻隔前的140种减少为江湖阻隔后的100种,平均物种数由79.6种减少到52.1种（减少34.4%）.江湖阻隔后鱼类群落的功能性状和功能多样性指数发生了显著变化,洄游性鱼类（包括河海洄游和江湖洄游）物种占比（由39.7%降至32.6%）和鱼食性物种占比（由31.1%降至25.2%）显著下降,而非洄游性物种占比（由60.3%升至67.5%）和浮游生物食性物种占比（由13.5%升至15.5%）显著上升.连续型性状中,平均营养级（由3.14降至3.10）显著下降、平均生长速率（由0.57 a-1升至0.65 a-1）显著上升.阻隔后的物种数（SR）、功能丰富度指数、功能离散度指数和功能分散指数显著低于阻隔前.本研究表明江湖阻隔后鱼类群落不仅物种丰富度下降,且功能性状趋向同质化（或单一化）发展,致使功能多样性下降.研究结果可为东部平原湖泊的渔业资源管理及湖区生态修复和保护提供重要的理论依据. 相似文献
17.
水位洪枯变化对菜子湖江湖过渡带鱼类物种和功能多样性的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
水位的洪枯变化通过江湖连通影响泛滥平原湖泊鱼类的组成和分布,因而江湖过渡带是反映泛滥平原生态系统鱼类交流和多样性变动的关键区域.尽管如此,针对江湖过渡带鱼类群落随水位洪枯变化的研究十分匮乏.本研究以菜子湖江湖过渡带为例,分别在洪水和枯水期选取包括静水和流水生境的样点对鱼类群落进行系统的调查采样,探讨水位洪枯变化对菜子湖江湖过渡带鱼类物种和功能多样性的影响.共采集到鱼类6目12科37属52种,其中,洪水期和枯水期物种数差异显著,分别采集到鱼类50和42种,而静水生境和流水生境物种数差异不明显,分别采集到鱼类47和48种.与洪水期相比,枯水期山溪河流性鱼类的物种数、重量、尾数和优势度百分比分别减少了7.3%、6.3%、14.4%和12.0%;与静水生境相比,流水生境山溪河流性鱼类的物种数、重量、尾数和优势度百分比分别增加了5.3%、14.6%、18.0%和22.3%.SIMPER分析结果显示,麦穗鱼（Pseudorasbora parva）、蛇鮈（Saurogobio dabryi）、（Hemiculter leucisculus）、鲤（Cyprinus carpio）、鲫（Carassius auratus）、短颌鲚（Coilia brachygnathus）、似鳊（Pseudobrama simoni）、翘嘴鲌（Culter ilishaeformis）、达氏鲌（Culter dabryi）、光唇蛇鮈（Saurogobio gymnocheilus）和无须鱊（Acheilognathus gracilis）是引起水位洪枯变化以及不同生境类型鱼类群落结构差异的主要物种.优势度分析结果表明枯水期和静水生境的优势种鱼类相似,重要值较高的优势种鱼类为鲤、鲫、和似鳊;而洪水期和流水生境的优势种鱼类同样相似,重要值较高的优势种鱼类为麦穗鱼、蛇鮈、光唇蛇鮈和短颌鲚.通过双因素方差分析解析了水位洪枯变化和不同生境类型对鱼类物种和功能多样性的影响.发现洪枯水位变化仅对物种多样性指数中的物种数（Richness）产生显著差异,而对功能多样性的3个指数（功能丰富度指数（FRic）、功能离散指数（FDiv）和功能分散指数（FDis））均有显著影响.洪水期鱼类的Richness、FRic、FDiv和FDis指数均显著高于枯水期.同时,静水生境条件下的FRic指数要显著高于流水生境.本研究发现,与传统的物种多样性相比,基于功能性状的功能多样性对水位的洪枯变动更为敏感,河流周期性洪泛是泛滥平原生态系统中鱼类功能补充的重要方式. 相似文献
18.
基于2017—2022年在雅砻江甘孜以下干流及部分支流的鱼类监测数据,采用多样性指数和多元统计方法分析了该流域的鱼类群落结构。通过在雅砻江干流和6条支流21个采样点的监测及相关文献调研共获得鱼类98种,包括9种国家二级重点保护鱼类和28种长江上游特有鱼类。除干流下游Margalef丰富度指数外,其他区域多样性指数值相差不大;干流上、中、下游和6条支流间鱼类生物多样性不存在显著差异。Cluster分析和NMDS分析表明鱼类群落可以分成6组,ANOSIM检验表明6组间存在显著性差异,6组在海拔和河流等级上存在极显著和显著性差异。分别计算6个聚类组的优势种和常见种,并从栖息类型、食性和产卵类型上进行分析,结果显示6组在栖息类型和产卵类型上差异显著。二滩库区和鳡鱼河静缓流河段优势种为翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)等,建议加强对下游流域外来物种的监测,避免发生大规模生物入侵现象。自1980s以来,雅砻江下游流域鱼类种类组成发生了明显变化,推测与梯级电站修建运行等造成生境改变有关。 相似文献
19.
低头坝养鱼对上下游局域栖息地和鱼类群落时空格局的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河流鱼类的群落特征会随栖息地环境的变化而发生变化.为了解鱼类群落对低头坝养鱼的响应程度,2013—2014年共6次调查了乌龙河(长江下游支流)两个可涉水河段样点(上游坝和下游坝)的环境因子、鱼类多样性及其群落结构.共采集到5目10科21属24种鱼类,以鲤形目鲤科最多,占总数的58.3%.通过解析时空动态变化与局域栖息地条件对鱼类群落的影响,发现季节因素对鱼类群落结构无显著影响,而鱼类群落所在空间位置(上游坝,下游坝)对群落结构差异具有较显著影响,其中上游中华鳑鲏(Rhodeus sinensis)、(Hemiculter leucisculus)、棒花鱼(Abbottina rivularis)、大鳍鱊(Acheilognathus macropterus),下游食蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)的多度决定了这种差异;而3个栖息地变量(溶解氧浓度、电导率和流速)均对鱼类群落特征具有显著性影响.栖息地环境差异对河流上、下游鱼类群落的影响较大,具体体现在下游样点鱼类的捕获重量、捕获数量、密度、多样性明显下降,推测利用低头坝养鱼是造成这些现象的重要原因. 相似文献
20.
AbstractFlow regimes play an important role in sustaining biodiversity in river ecosystems. However, the effects of flow regimes on riverine fish have not been clearly described. Therefore, we propose a new methodology to quantitatively link habitat conditions (such as flow indices and physical habitat conditions) to the occurrence probability (OP) of fish species. We developed a basin-scale fish distribution model by integrating the concept of habitat suitability assessment with a distributed hydrological model in order to estimate the OP of fish, with particular attention to flow regime. A generalized linear model was used to evaluate the relationship between the probabilities of fish occurrence and major environmental factors in river sections. A geomorphology-based hydrological model was adopted to simulate river discharge, which was used to calculate 10 flow indices. The occurrence probabilities of 50 fish species in the Sagami River in Japan were modelled. For the prediction accuracy, field survey results that included at least five observations of both the presence and the absence of each species were required to obtain relatively reliable prediction (accuracy > 60%). Using the developed model, important habitat conditions for each species were identified, which showed the importance of low-flow events for more than 10 species, including Hypomesus nipponensis and Rhinogobius fluviatilis. The model also confirmed the positive effects of natural flow and the negative effect of river-crossing structures, such as dams and weirs, on the OP of most species. The suggested approach enables us to evaluate and project the ecological consequences of water resource management policy. The results demonstrate the applicability of the fish distribution model to provide quantitative information on the flow required to maintain fish communities.
Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Guest editor M. AcremanCitation Sui, P., Iwasaki, A., Saavedra, V.O.C., and Yoshimura, C., 2013. Modelling basin-scale distribution of fish occurrence probability for assessment of flow and habitat conditions in rivers. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (3–4), 618–628. 相似文献