共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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针对山区水体、山体阴影与裸地等地类光谱混淆性,基于高分五号(GF-5)影像数据,结合高光谱特征分析构建了山区水体决策树提取模型. 先对水体和相关干扰地类进行高光谱特征分析实现特征波段选取,应用单波段阈值法、多波段谱间关系法、归一化水指数(NDWI)法进行提取实验. 通过比较以上实验不足之处,提出了单波段阈值法与构建的阴影水体指数(SWI)相结合的决策树水体提取模型,以Google Earth高清影像为参考结合实地采样得到的混淆矩阵进行精度评价. 实验结果表明:单波段阈值法与NDWI法易将山体阴影识别为水体,受裸地影响较小;多波段谱间关系法对山体阴影有一定抑制作用,受小面积裸地影响;决策树提取模型能有效抑制山体阴影和裸地影响提取完整水体. 其总体精度为89.39%,Kappa系数为0.82,显著提升了山区水体提取精度. 相似文献
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研究山区地表水体信息OLI遥感数据去阴影自动提取方法,设计基于数字高程模型与指数提取的决策树分类方法,提高水体自动识别的精度。该方法选取改进的归一化水体指数、归一化植被指数、比值植被指数、主成分分析前3个分量以及波段之间的组合运算,并结合DEM构建决策树分类规则。综合采用单波段阈值、谱间关系、植被指数和水体指数阈值完成山体水体的去阴影识别研究,与计算机自动识别分类方法比较,其精度明显提高。结果表明,决策树分类方法在精度上明显高于常用的计算机自动分类方法,可以很好地被利用于OLI遥感数据水体信息的海量、大范围提取。 相似文献
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《国土资源遥感》2020,(2)
机械性破损面容易引发水土流失、次生地质灾害等生态环境问题,但目前还缺乏其基于遥感影像的有效提取方法。选择机械性破损面分布密集的云南省螳螂川流域为研究对象,基于高分二号(GF-2)遥感影像,探讨其基于纹理特征辅助的面向对象提取方法。根据7类地物特征建立地物分类规则,在最优尺度分割的基础上,基于光谱特征的决策树A和基于"光谱+纹理"特征的决策树B进行面向对象的分类。经过精度评价分析得出,相对于传统的监督分类法和仅基于光谱的面向对象分类法,基于"光谱+纹理"特征的决策树B分类方法使Kappa系数和总精度分别提高至0. 82和86. 25%,有效地提高了机械性破损面的提取精度。 相似文献
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对于一个较小研究区提取地物信息,需要更高的空间分辨率和适合的光谱信息。以柬埔寨吴哥窟西北部为研究对象,开展基于SPOT-5影像的水体信息提取方法研究。通过分析研究区内的地物光谱特征信息,发现各地物在绿色波段和短波红外波段虽然都有下降趋势,但是水体的变化程度最大。利用这个信息建立决策树的一种水体提取模型:Band3/Band41.73并且Band1Band4。通过与NDWI法、决策树模型提取精度进行对比,证明该模型提取精度有较大提高,可有效地消除水田对提取精度的影响。 相似文献
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地理信息系统支持下的山区遥感影像决策树分类 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
山区遥感影像分类是遥感研究的一大难题。本文利用一种决策树生成算法（C 4.5算法）自动提取知识，基于知识建立决策树用于山区影像分类，并结合研究区土地利用类型与DEM空间统计关系的先验知识，在GIS空间分析的基础上进行影像分类的后处理。与传统的最大似然法分类结果相比，该方法极大地改善了山区地表覆被分类的精度，得到试验区较为可靠的遥感分类图像。 相似文献
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传统的水体信息提取主要利用水体反射与吸收光谱特征构建各种光谱指数模型,进行全局像元级的提取。然而,不同水体类型的光谱、空间形态与空间分布特征均有显著差异。对于山区图像而言,山体阴影、冰雪、裸岩等地物的干扰使全局性水体光谱指数模型难以取得很好的提取精度。面向对象的图像分析方法通过对遥感图像进行分割,从全域—局部上耦合分析水体的光谱、空间形态、空间分布与空间关系等特征,构建了通用性强的湖泊信息提取规则集,最终实现湖泊水体信息的自动化提取。通过eCognition软件对Landsat TM图像的实验结果表明,该方法可以完全避免像元级阈值水体信息提取中出现的一些错误的"零星水体",自动且高效地提取出了山区湖泊水体信息,在无云情况下提取精度达95%以上。 相似文献
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多源遥感技术在土地利用分类中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为有效提高土地利用分类精度,研究多源遥感数据的分类方法,提出了利用多源遥感技术进行土地利用分类。对居民地、耕地、林地、水体、未利用土地等土地利用类型的光谱特征及微波散射特征进行了分析,将高分一号多光谱数据与RADARSAT-2数据相结合,利用决策树分类器实现了土地利用类型的划分,其总体分类精度达到96.6%。与高分一号数据最大似然分类及RADARSAT-2数据的Freeman-Durden三分量最大似然分类进行了精度比较,结果表明,多源遥感技术可实现数据的特征互补,其分类精度优于仅采用多光谱数据或微波数据的分类精度。 相似文献
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基于DTM的水边线遥感信息提取方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水边线附近的高浊度悬沙及浅滩表层的残余水体是影响水边线信息提取的重要因素。在分析长江口区不同浓度水体与背景地物光谱特征的基础上，采用决策树分析方法进行水边线提取，在分类器的节点用水深信息作为约束条件，消除了水边线附近热流对热红外波段水边线提取的影响。同时，利用参考DTM及潮位信息实施了水边线的提取，此方法有效消除了表层残余水体对水边线提取的影响。最后运用统计学中自身一致性校验及平均偏移指数来评价提取结果。结果表明，两种方法的总体提取效果较好，精度令人满意。 相似文献
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Detailed information on the spatiotemporal dynamic in surface water bodies is important for quantifying the effects of a drying climate, increased water abstraction and rapid urbanization on wetlands. The Swan Coastal Plain (SCP) with over 1500 wetlands is a global biodiversity hotspot located in the southwest of Western Australia, where more than 70% of the wetlands have been lost since European settlement. SCP is located in an area affected by recent climate change that also experiences rapid urban development and ground water abstraction. Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery from 1999 to 2011 has been used to automatically derive a spatially and temporally explicit time-series of surface water body extent on the SCP. A mapping method based on the Landsat data and a decision tree classification algorithm is described. Two generic classifiers were derived for the Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 data. Several landscape metrics were computed to summarize the intra and interannual patterns of surface water dynamic. Top of the atmosphere (TOA) reflectance of band 5 followed by TOA reflectance of bands 4 and 3 were the explanatory variables most important for mapping surface water bodies. Accuracy assessment yielded an overall classification accuracy of 96%, with 89% producer’s accuracy and 93% user’s accuracy of surface water bodies. The number, mean size, and total area of water bodies showed high seasonal variability with highest numbers in winter and lowest numbers in summer. The number of water bodies in winter increased until 2005 after which a decline can be noted. The lowest numbers occurred in 2010 which coincided with one of the years with the lowest rainfall in the area. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamic of surface water bodies on the SCP constitutes the basis for understanding the effect of rainfall, water abstraction and urban development on water bodies in a spatially explicit way. 相似文献
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Large area tree maps, important for environmental monitoring and natural resource management, are often based on medium resolution satellite imagery. These data have difficulty in detecting trees in fragmented woodlands, and have significant omission errors in modified agricultural areas. High resolution imagery can better detect these trees, however, as most high resolution imagery is not normalised it is difficult to automate a tree classification method over large areas. The method developed here used an existing medium resolution map derived from either Landsat or SPOT5 satellite imagery to guide the classification of the high resolution imagery. It selected a spatially-variable threshold on the green band, calculated based on the spatially-variable percentage of trees in the existing map of tree cover. The green band proved more consistent at classifying trees across different images than several common band combinations. The method was tested on 0.5 m resolution imagery from airborne digital sensor (ADS) imagery across New South Wales (NSW), Australia using both Landsat and SPOT5 derived tree maps to guide the threshold selection. Accuracy was assessed across 6 large image mosaics revealing a more accurate result when the more accurate tree map from SPOT5 imagery was used. The resulting maps achieved an overall accuracy with 95% confidence intervals of 93% (90–95%), while the overall accuracy of the previous SPOT5 tree map was 87% (86–89%). The method reduced omission errors by mapping more scattered trees, although it did increase commission errors caused by dark pixels from water, building shadows, topographic shadows, and some soils and crops. The method allows trees to be automatically mapped at 5 m resolution from high resolution imagery, provided a medium resolution tree map already exists. 相似文献
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There are now a wide range of techniques that can be combined for image analysis. These include the use of object-based classifications rather than pixel-based classifiers, the use of LiDAR to determine vegetation height and vertical structure, as well terrain variables such as topographic wetness index and slope that can be calculated using GIS. This research investigates the benefits of combining these techniques to identify individual tree species. A QuickBird image and low point density LiDAR data for a coastal region in New Zealand was used to examine the possibility of mapping Pohutukawa trees which are regarded as an iconic tree in New Zealand. The study area included a mix of buildings and vegetation types. After image and LiDAR preparation, single tree objects were identified using a range of techniques including: a threshold of above ground height to eliminate ground based objects; Normalised Difference Vegetation Index and elevation difference between the first and last return of LiDAR data to distinguish vegetation from buildings; geometric information to separate clusters of trees from single trees, and treetop identification and region growing techniques to separate tree clusters into single tree crowns. Important feature variables were identified using Random Forest, and the Support Vector Machine provided the classification. The combined techniques using LiDAR and spectral data produced an overall accuracy of 85.4% (Kappa 80.6%). Classification using just the spectral data produced an overall accuracy of 75.8% (Kappa 67.8%). The research findings demonstrate how the combining of LiDAR and spectral data improves classification for Pohutukawa trees. 相似文献
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西南喀斯特山区地形起伏较大,地物分布较为破碎,致使传统的光谱特征一次分类方法的精度较低。本文基于高分辨率无人机正射影像和地形指标,充分利用无人机遥感影像空间特征、光谱特征、纹理特征及地形特征,采取面向对象CART决策树算法与分层策略提取了研究区土地覆盖类型。研究表明,结合空间地形因子和分层策略的方法减少了破碎区地物间的相干扰,故具有较高的分类精度,总体分类精度达91.2%,Kappa系数为0.87,较传统一次分类精度提高了9.8%,Kappa系数提高了0.13。该方法对西南喀斯特地区土地覆盖解译精度较好,可为土地利用监测提供参考。 相似文献
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用基于知识的决策树方法分层提取矿区土地类型——以湖北大冶为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以湖北大冶为研究区,采用多时相陆地卫星遥感图像,通过不同波段组合,以及ironoxide指数和归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)等,详细分析了各地表地物光谱特征和空间特征,建立了研究区分类知识库表,采用决策二叉树法进行分类,得到了高精度分类结果图。基于不同时相分类结果的变化检测,通过对研究区水体污染、矿区复垦、耕地变化等分析,认为从1986～2002年,研究区水质虽有一定改善,但矿区植被退化严重,耕地大量减少,停产矿区复垦仅为20%,为合理保护矿区生态环境和科学管理采矿企业提供了有用资料。 相似文献
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针对天绘一号卫星高分辨率影像,采用面向对象分类方法对怀柔水库区域进行水体信息提取,在多尺度分割的基础上,统计地物的光谱信息、形状因子和亮度均值等,建立水体信息的特征集,充分利用高分辨率的特点提取水体信息,同时选取了参数相近的SPOT和RapidEye两幅国外高分影像进行对比研究,使用相同方法进行水体提取,对实验过程和结果进行了对比分析。针对提取结果,采用野外采样和矢量图分析两种方法综合进行精度评价,根据采样数据得到的精度分别为96.97%,95.45%,92.42%,分析实验结果的矢量图,其中天绘影像水体提取面积为5 537 412.5㎡,SPOT影像为5 398 225㎡,RapidEye影像为5 053 262.5㎡,对实际水域的面积覆盖分别达到了101.40%,98.85%,92.54%,天绘影像的整体精度较高,但在细节表现上较为模糊,主要误差来自于对湿地的误分。实验制定了适用于天绘影像的水体提取方法和规则,分析不同因素对分割与分类结果的影响,同时,我们比较了天绘影像与国外同级别高分影像的优劣性,为天绘影像的进一步应用提供了参考。 相似文献