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研究了在给定桩顶轴向动位移条件下非线性粘弹性嵌岩桩纵向振动的混沌运动。假定基桩材料满足非线性弹性和微分型线性粘弹性本构关系、桩周土反力及阻尼分别与位移及速率成正比,得到基桩的运动方程为非线性偏微分方程。利用Galerkin方法将方程简化,并对简化后的系统进行了数值模拟计算,得到了土反力、土阻尼、桩身阻尼比较大、比较小和很小等情形下不同参数时基桩运动的时程曲线、相平面图、功率谱图、Poincare截面及分岔图等。结果表明纵向振动的非线性粘弹性桩可以呈现周期运动、准周期运动、分岔或混沌运动。 相似文献
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刚-柔性桩复合地基中桩荷载传递规律试验研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
为了解刚-柔性桩复合地基中刚性桩和柔性桩的荷载传递规律,在温州地区选择了2幢采用刚-柔性桩复合地基的建筑物进行原位试验。试验前在钻孔灌注桩桩身埋设了钢筋应力计,在水泥搅拌桩桩身埋设了振弦式应变计,在建筑物施工过程中同步检测传感器的变化情况。试验结果表明,不同部位及不同类型桩荷载传递规律不同,中部刚性桩摩阻力相对于边部刚性桩重心下降,刚性桩荷载传递长度大于柔性桩。无褥垫层刚-柔性桩复合地基中部刚性桩在层数低时会出现负摩阻力,有褥垫层刚-柔性桩复合地基中在施工期间始终存在负摩阻力。中部桩端承力要高于边部桩端承力。 相似文献
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分析了刚性桩复合地基中垫层、桩及桩间土的共同作用机理,考虑复合地基中桩、土变形协调,提供一种计算复合地基桩土应力比的方法;在此基础上研究复合地基中垫层模量、桩端持力层模量、桩土相对刚度比、桩长径比、面积置换率等因素对复合地基桩土应力比的影响,分析刚性桩复合地基的承载特性。 相似文献
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刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的振动台试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为研究刚性桩复合地基的抗震性能,设计并完成了刚性桩复合地基1:10比尺的振动台试验。试验采用柔性容器这一较新的技术较好地模拟了地基在地震作用下的振动变形。此外,为解决模型与原型难以较好相似的问题,模型中尝试采用了在基础底板施加竖向力、在结构上附加阻尼器等措施。通过大量激振试验,对刚性桩复合地基的地震反应性态、柔性容器的效果等问题进行了研究。结果表明,柔性容器能够较好地解决模型试验的边界问题,刚性桩复合地基具有良好的抗震性能,桩身应变在地震作用下均未达到极限值,上部结构特性对桩身变形有一定影响,振动使土体对基础的约束减弱,但对桩的约束增强。 相似文献
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针对工程实践中出现的问题,将打入桩的自由段简化为入土端嵌固、锤击端简支的压杆模型,建立桩的振动微分方程,研究锤击轴向力对桩振动频率的影响,并对比锤击初阶频率与桩振动基频的关系得出锤击作用引起柔性桩共振的规律,提出了避开共振影响范围,解决现场工程问题的方法. 相似文献
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柔性基础下刚性桩复合地基沉降分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以剪切位移法为基础,假定桩周摩阻力与桩-土相对位移之间为弹塑性关系,推导了柔性基础下刚性桩复合地基的沉降计算公式;通过算例,探讨了桩顶沉降、桩身应力、桩周摩阻力、中性层等分布规律,并将中性层位置及桩端应力等计算结果与有限元及差分计算结果比较,得到了相一致的结论,证明了所采用方法的正确性。 相似文献
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刚性桩复合地基中性面深度及桩土应力比的简化计算主要基于桩侧摩阻力线性分布假设,当桩身较长时,桩端侧摩阻力的计算值会远大于实际值,致使中性面深度及桩土应力比的计算结果与实际差别较大,故有必要对线性分布模式予以修正。据此将桩侧摩阻力分布简化为分段线性模式,考虑负摩阻力作用及桩上、下刺入变形,根据褥垫层-桩-土变形协调关系推导了刚性桩复合地基中性面深度、桩顶面桩土应力比、中性面桩土应力比计算公式。最后通过模型试验与工程实例验证,计算值与实测值吻合较好。 相似文献
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《岩土工程技术》2019,(6)
海相软土特性对刚性桩复合地基形成有很大影响,但其影响机理尚不够清晰,工程实践中常被工程相关人员所忽略,造成大量的工程质量问题。依托多个近年来典型工程实例的综合分析、研究成果,主要研究了海相软土的固结沉降、结构性、低渗透性等特性对刚性桩复合地基的影响机理。结合多个工程事故实例的计算分析及现场实测数据,佐证了研究成果的合理性。研究结果认为,海相软土地区刚性桩复合地基应用时,必须充分考虑海相软土固结沉降、高灵敏度、挤土施工扰动等特性的影响,并经现场试验性施工,明确处理效果后方可实施,否则不应直接采用。由于桩端持力层不同,固结沉降引起两种典型复合地基破坏模式:如果桩端悬浮在软土层中,桩端将发生显著的向下刺入变形,桩间土发生塑性变形;如果桩端落在硬土层上,桩体将先发生强度破坏,然后桩间土破坏;宏观上则表现为复合地基沉降长期不收敛甚至出现加速下沉。因挤土施工扰动影响,被基桩挤排的海相软土可视为流体,利用流体总是向最小阻力路径流动的性质,分为三种不同排土路径:沿桩侧塑性区向上排土、沿场地内整体向上排土、沿场地周边薄弱处侧向排土。由于桩间海相软土地基承载力很低,在上部荷载作用下应保证有足够的土拱高度。提出了海相软土地区刚性桩复合地基工程实践中的应对措施及建议。 相似文献
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根据桩端土应力扩散的规律,建立了桩端扩散虚土桩模型。基于该模型对非均质土中桩-土纵向耦合振动进行研究。利用复刚度传递多圈层平面应变模型,得到桩与虚土桩桩侧土的剪切复刚度。结合边界条件、初始条件和连续条件,对扩散虚土桩和实体桩动力方程从底层往顶层逐层进行求解,得到桩顶动力响应的频域解析解和时域半解析解。通过对桩端扩散虚土桩扩散角、扩散层厚度、桩侧土非均质性和桩长的影响进行计算分析,得到基于扩散虚土桩法桩-土纵向振动响应特性。研究结论可为桩基础动力设计和动态检测提供理论依据。 相似文献
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分析了半刚性桩复合地基的桩土受力特点,通过数值计算方法,得到半刚性桩复合地基的沉降随桩 长、置换率、桩身强度等因素变化的关系。 相似文献
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Load Transfers During Vibratory Driving 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The vibratory driving technique consists in applying a vibratory load onto a profile to reduce the ground resistance and allow penetration of the profile under its own weight. The vibratory action is produced by counter-rotating eccentric masses actuated within the exciter block. A proper definition of this mechanical action is fundamental for vibratory driving analyses. The vibratory force transferred from the vibrator onto the pile during vibratory driving is however generally neither well defined nor understood, in particular when using simplified closed form solutions for the analysis of pile driving. Few authors have pointed out the very low ratio observed between the force measured in the pile and the nominal inertial force developed by the eccentrics, but without offering a theoretical framework to explain and predict this low ratio. The objective of this paper is to develop a better understanding of the so-called ‘efficiency factor’ of the vibratory driving process. Analytical solutions are presented, along with more advanced numerical simulations. Theoretical solutions are illustrated with reference to field measurements collected at different test sites. 相似文献
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挤扩支盘桩极限承载力的预测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用双曲线方法对110根挤扩支盘桩的极限承载力进行预测,并与直杆桩预测结果进行对比。结果表明由于支盘桩受力性状复杂,加载前期和中期预测精度较高,后期较低,误差超过15%;支盘桩的沉降曲线出现台阶时预测值与实测值误差较大;支盘桩极限承载力的预测精度与工程地质条件和桩本身的参数密切相关,桩身参数和地质条件相同条件下各桩预测精度比较接近。总体上直杆桩的预测结果优于支盘桩。 相似文献
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根据PDA对打桩过程中的桩身内拉压应力、锤击能量及初打极限承载力的监测,从而评价所选择的沉桩方法是否合理,场地地层情况与监测结果是否吻合,以及优化基桩持力层的选择,从而更好的为工程服务。 相似文献
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This paper presents a non‐linear coupled finite element–boundary element approach for the prediction of free field vibrations due to vibratory and impact pile driving. Both the non‐linear constitutive behavior of the soil in the vicinity of the pile and the dynamic interaction between the pile and the soil are accounted for. A subdomain approach is used, defining a generalized structure consisting of the pile and a bounded region of soil around the pile, and an unbounded exterior linear soil domain. The soil around the pile may exhibit non‐linear constitutive behavior and is modelled with a time‐domain finite element method. The dynamic stiffness matrix of the exterior unbounded soil domain is calculated using a boundary element formulation in the frequency domain based on a limited number of modes defined on the interface between the generalized structure and the unbounded soil. The soil–structure interaction forces are evaluated as a convolution of the displacement history and the soil flexibility matrices, which are obtained by an inverse Fourier transformation from the frequency to the time domain. This results in a hybrid frequency–time domain formulation of the non‐linear dynamic soil–structure interaction problem, which is solved in the time domain using Newmark's time integration method; the interaction force time history is evaluated using the θ‐scheme in order to obtain stable solutions. The proposed hybrid formulation is validated for linear problems of vibratory and impact pile driving, showing very good agreement with the results obtained with a frequency‐domain solution. Linear predictions, however, overestimate the free field peak particle velocities as observed in reported field experiments during vibratory and impact pile driving at comparable levels of the transferred energy. This is mainly due to energy dissipation related to plastic deformations in the soil around the pile. Ground vibrations due to vibratory and impact pile driving are, therefore, also computed with a non‐linear model where the soil is modelled as an isotropic elastic, perfectly plastic solid, which yields according to the Drucker–Prager failure criterion. This results in lower predicted free field vibrations with respect to linear predictions, which are also in much better agreement with experimental results recorded during vibratory and impact pile driving. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献