共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
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在合理概化研究区水文地质条件的基础上,建立地下水流数值模型,选择地下水模拟软件Visual Modflow对某厂区开采后的地下水流场进行预测评价。结果表明,单独厂区本身地下水增采虽然所引起的区域水位下降并不大,扩展范围相对比较小。但是鉴于研究区目前由于多个大型企业以及居民生活用水对地下水的开采,已经造成了该区域地下水位的明显下降,含水系统遭到了一定的破坏,使得该区域的地下水资源量正在逐步减少,建议政府水务行政职能部门严格规范控制该地区各行各业的地下水开采量,开展一水多用,开源节流等节水措施,逐步减少对地下水开采,维护地下水采补平衡。 相似文献
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沈阳中心城区水源地漏斗恢复调蓄模拟研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在沈阳市由于长期地下水超采严重,已经形成大面积地下漏斗空间,形成引发严重地质灾害的隐患。分析了沈阳市地下水漏斗可恢复性建设的水文地质条件。并结合数值模拟方法研究了沈阳市地下水漏斗区域水量恢复时间和地下水漏斗中心水位恢复程度。结果表明:在同时增加河流补给量和压缩地下水开采量条件下,2年以后地下水漏斗中心水位可达到31.67m;压缩地下水开采量或增加河流补给量,均可在4年恢复漏斗区地下水位,且沈阳城区可有效增加地下水资源量0.88×108m3。 相似文献
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华北平原鲁北地区地下水超采导致地面沉降区域特征及演化趋势预测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
鲁北地区作为华北平原地面沉降的重要组成部分,其地面沉降问题日趋严重。以滨州博兴县为工程背景,基于研究区详细水文地质与工程地质资料以及历年地面沉降监测数据,系统分析该地区地下水动态分布及地面沉降分布演化特征。以Biot多孔介质固结理论为基础,建立博兴县地面沉降三维流 固耦合数值模型,还原地面沉降发展过程并预测分析不同地下水开采方案下的沉降演化规律。研究结果表明：博兴县浅层地下水位降幅呈现南大北小特点,深层地下水形成了以县城区为中心的椭圆形地下水区域降落漏斗;地面逐渐形成了分别以博兴县城区、湖滨镇和店子镇为沉降中心的三个小型沉降区,且有相互关联扩展的趋势;地面沉降三维流固耦合模型较为理想还原了研究区地面沉降发展过程,预测在现状地下水开采方案下未来10年内地面沉降仍以较大速率继续发展,累计沉降量超500mm的区域面积不断扩大,当减小20%现状地下水开采量时是较为合理有效的开采方案。 相似文献
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《地下水》2021,(5)
富平县石川河河谷阶地区位居陕西关中腹地,自上世纪七八十年代以来由于大量开采地下水,造成地下水位持续下降,地下水开发利用的程度总体较高。本文基于1978-2012年石川河河谷区地下水监测相关基础资料,对该区域地下水开发利用程度、地下水位动态变化特征和地下水开采中的问题进行研究,结果显示:(1)1978-2012年是石川河河谷区地下水开采由无序到剧增再到逐步减少的变化期。石川河河谷区工农业地下水开采量年际变化较大,自1978年始,最大的1987年开采量达7 216.59万m~3,最小的2004年开采量仅2 433.68万m~3,最大值为最小值的近3倍。2003年以后石川河河谷区地下水开采量出现大幅回落,自此以后开采量趋于稳定。2012年后地下水开采量为3 598.3万m~3,呈波动上升态势,年均递增3.16%。(2)河谷区潜水位多呈现大幅度下降,下降幅度较大的地区是庄里—南午、南社、县城和东上官双河村一带,动态特征表现为持续下降。造成河谷区潜水位多年来呈现持续下降趋势的原因,除气象、水文因素外,与地下水的开采程度较大具有直接关系。研究结果对该区域地下水保护与可持续科学利用具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
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为探究新疆准东基地水源地地下水开采量可实行方案与地下水水位下降状况,采用Processing MODFLOW软件,对项目区进行地下水数值模拟研究。经过模拟流场形态与观测值以及对地下水动态进行拟合,提取地下水梯度场、降速场与实测资料进行对比分析。总结得出符合该地区地下水变化的地下水开采量方案。研究表明该水源地地下水开采实施方案符合该地区水资源长期发展。 相似文献
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针对近年来吉林省西部乾安县地下水过量开采带来的一系列水环境问题,采用灰色关联系数及信息熵的熵变理论开展了研究区地下水环境演化研究。选取1998~2010年地下水实际开采量与地下水可开采量序列数据,在该区灰色关联系数计算结果基础上建立了地下水系统演化方向的信息熵判别模型,揭示该区水资源利用的不均匀性;通过模型计算,1998、2004、2008及2010年研究区地下水开采量的灰色关联熵分别为3.58、3.65、3.78及3.72,整体呈现先增长后减小的趋势,表明地下水环境处于失稳状态,向着重建稳定态的过程演变。 相似文献
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《地下水》2016,(4)
渭北旱塬区作为陕西重要的粮棉基地。该区域地表水资源短缺,地下水是区域社会经济发展的重要供水水源,多年来由于农灌区盲目开采、企事业单位用水集中无序开采等缘故,地下水开采量不断增加,导致该地区地下水位持续下降。针对该区域地下水资源开发利用现状,通过对该区域"十一五"期间地下水监测资料进行分析,对区域地下水开采量及开采潜力进行计算分析。结果表明,渭北旱塬区总的可开采量为14.94亿m~3,实际开采量为13.27亿m~3,开采潜力为1.67亿m~3,开采潜力指标P为1.12,渭北旱塬区地下水总体采补平衡,部分山丘地区,开采程度较小,具有一定开采潜力。研究结果对加强渭北旱塬区地下水资源管理,保证地下水资源可持续利用和支撑区域经济社会可持续发展具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
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邢台市素有泉城之称,随着岩溶地下水开采量的增加,泉水干涸,失去了昔日的风采。为恢复和保持泉群喷涌,在回灌补源保泉研究的基础上,提出利用水库放水,通过河道内兴建拦河坝,滞蓄地表径流,将地表水转换为地下水,实现地表、地下水联合调度补充泉域地下水,从而分析最优弃水方案。 相似文献
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This paper presents a method combining single-indicator comprehensive evaluation and influence factor identification to measure groundwater quality. This method not only reflects groundwater quality classification with clear physical significance, but also divides the possibilities of man-made pollution in regional groundwater. The paper selects 6 063 representative groundwater wells in the North China Plain to evaluate 49 groundwater inorganic and organic index and comes to a conclusion: Controlled by geological environment and hydrogeological conditions, the groundwater quality in the North China Plain deteriorates from the bottom of maintain to coastal area, with Class I to III groundwater decreasing from 49% to 3.9% while Class V groundwater increasing from 21% to 86.9%; the quality of deep groundwater is better than that of shallow groundwater; the contribution rate of manganese, total hardness, total dissolved solids and iodide in shallow groundwater to over-III type water exceeds 50%; the contribution rate of nitrite in pollution index reaches 20%; while heavy metal and organic indexes have limited impact on regional groundwater quality. The North China Plain is an important economic area in China. Over decades, it has witnessed intense human activities, and water resource quantity demanded has been far greater than quantity supplied. Due to scarce surface water resource, groundwater becomes the pillar supporting regional economic development. This has led to increasing groundwater exploitation and development. According to statistics, the exploitation degree of shallow groundwater reaches 105% in the North China Plain and 118% in the Hebei Plain; the exploitation degree of deep groundwater reaches 143% in the North China Plain and 163% in the Hebei Plain. The serious over-exploitation of groundwater brings various geological environmental problems, with the worsening of groundwater quality being a typical one. Besides impact brought by human activities, the poor quality of natural water in the North China Plain is also an important factor. Therefore, to understand the current regional groundwater quality situation and to master influence factors and influence degree can provide reliable scientific protection for regional economic development. 相似文献
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Primary study on evaluation index system for groundwater exploitation potentiality based on the niche theories 
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下载免费PDF全文 This paper presents a method combining single-indicator comprehensive evaluation and influence factor identification to measure groundwater quality. This method not only reflects groundwater quality classification with clear physical significance, but also divides the possibilities of man-made pollution in regional groundwater. The paper selects 6 063 representative groundwater wells in the North China Plain to evaluate 49 groundwater inorganic and organic index and comes to a conclusion: Controlled by geological environment and hydrogeological conditions, the groundwater quality in the North China Plain deteriorates from the bottom of maintain to coastal area, with Class I to III groundwater decreasing from 49% to 3.9% while Class V groundwater increasing from 21% to 86.9%; the quality of deep groundwater is better than that of shallow groundwater; the contribution rate of manganese, total hardness, total dissolved solids and iodide in shallow groundwater to over-III type water exceeds 50%; the contribution rate of nitrite in pollution index reaches 20%; while heavy metal and organic indexes have limited impact on regional groundwater quality. The North China Plain is an important economic area in China. Over decades, it has witnessed intense human activities, and water resource quantity demanded has been far greater than quantity supplied. Due to scarce surface water resource, groundwater becomes the pillar supporting regional economic development. This has led to increasing groundwater exploitation and development. According to statistics, the exploitation degree of shallow groundwater reaches 105% in the North China Plain and 118% in the Hebei Plain; the exploitation degree of deep groundwater reaches 143% in the North China Plain and 163% in the Hebei Plain. The serious over-exploitation of groundwater brings various geological environmental problems, with the worsening of groundwater quality being a typical one. Besides impact brought by human activities, the poor quality of natural water in the North China Plain is also an important factor. Therefore, to understand the current regional groundwater quality situation and to master influence factors and influence degree can provide reliable scientific protection for regional economic development. 相似文献
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Evaluation of groundwater potential and eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province has become an important commodity grain base in our country after the construction of more than a century. Groundwater is the main water source for industrial and agricultural production and daily life in the area. With the large-scale development and construction in this area, there are a series of ecological and environmental geological problems, such as the reduction of groundwater resources, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of local agriculture and society as well as economy. Based on the characteristics of three-dimensional flowof groundwater in Sanjiang Plain, this paper adopts the simulation software Visual MODFLOW to evaluate groundwater exploitation potential. The results show that overall there is a certain exploitation potential of Sanjiang Plain groundwater but it is unevenly distributed, and overdraft phenomenon exists in seven farms such as Baoquanling and Chuangye. Based on analytic hierarchy process, the evaluation result of eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain shows that 94.5% of the region features good geological environment quality, medium stability and medium bearing capacity. The study can provide geological evidence for optimal allocation of water resources, land planning and regulation, and the high and stable yield of the commodity grain base in Sanjiang Plain. 相似文献
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高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境及氟的赋存形式与地氟病患病率的关系──以华北平原为例 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
在华北平原，地方性氟中毒疾病（简称地氟病）主要由于饮水中含氟量高（超过１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ）而引起，属饮水型病区。本文分析了地氟病致病的主要环境因素，讨论了形成高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境，并以河北邢台地区山前平原浅层地下水系统为例，应用地下水地球化学模拟的理论和方法，对研究区浅层地下水系统氟的水文地球化学进行定量研究，从统计学的角度研究了浅层高氟地下水中氟的组分存在形式与地氟病患病率的相关关系。 相似文献
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华北平原深层地下水的超采已引起了一系列的环境地质问题。为了从区域上认识深层地下水的超采情况以及由此引发的环境地质问题,分别以地下水开采潜力系数(深层地下水可利用量/现状开采量)、地面沉降量、多年平均水位下降速率为指标对地下水超采情况进行了计算和分析。结果表明,不同方法的计算结果具有一定的一致性。从区域上来看,深层地下水总体上处于超采状态,已无开采潜力。地下水开采程度指标采用以2003年为现状年的开采量,因此更多反映的是开采程度现状。利用地面沉降和多年平均水位下降速率计算的超采结果更多地反映了深层地下水开采历史所产生的环境地质问题。 相似文献
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传统的地下水开采潜力评价方法主要采用单个指标进行评价,难以全面科学地反映地下水开采潜力的影响要素。地下水的空间分布、动态变化受到经济社会发展、开采技术等多个因素影响,也与自身调节有关,这与生态位理论的观念吻合。文中提出地下水生态位的定义、计算公式;对河北平原9个主要城市进行地下水生态位计算、聚类分析,分析其地下水开采潜力;并与传统方法的评价结果进行对比。结果表明：除保定、秦皇岛和廊坊外,其他城市的两种方法的评价结果大致相似;差异分析说明地下水生态位的评价方法更全面、科学合理且符合实际。生态位理论将为地下水开采潜力评价分析提供一种新的、甚至是根本性的尝试。 相似文献
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江苏沿海地区深层地下水开发利用现状及环境地质问题 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
江苏沿海地区深层地下水在开发利用过程中，由于开采布局不合理和存在“三集中”(开采层次集中、开采地段集中、开采时间集中)以及水文环境地质条件脆弱等因素，出现水位逐年下降，并形成区域性降落漏斗，致使部分地段地下水资源枯竭、水质成化和诱发地面沉降等诸多环境地质问题。本文着重分析沿海地区深层地下水开发利用的6个阶段(初级、城市开采、城市超采、区域超采、区域控制开采和区域压缩开采阶段)、区域降落漏斗的3个发展过程(1986年、1995年和2002年)和因深层水超量开采诱发的水资源枯竭、水质成化和地面沉降等环境地质问题的发育特征及演化趋势，从地下水资源管理和可持续发展的角度，提出深层水的保护规划、浅层咸水、海水资源的开发利用、实行强制节水、污水资源化和发展海洋性产业的对策建议。 相似文献
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Jiansheng Shi Zhao Wang Zhaoji Zhang Yuhong Fei Yasong Li Feng’e Zhang Jingsheng Chen Yong Qian 《地学前缘(英文版)》2011,2(4):593-598
A series of environmentalegeological problems have been caused by over-exploitation of deep
groundwater (i.e., confined aquifer water) in the North China Plain. In order to better understand the status
of deep groundwater over-exploitation and the resultant environmentalegeological problems on a regional
scale, the over-exploitation of groundwater has been assessed by way of the groundwater exploitation
potential coefficient (i.e., the ratio of exploitable amount of deep groundwater to current exploitation),
cumulative land subsidence, and long-term average lowering rate of the groundwater table. There is a good
correlation among the results calculated by the different methods. On a regional scale, deep groundwater
has been over-exploited and there is no further exploitation potential under the current conditions. The
groundwater exploitation degree index takes the exploitation in 2003 as the reference for the calculations,
so the results mainly reflect the degree of current groundwater exploitation. The results of over-exploitation
of deep groundwater obtained by land subsidence data and long-term average rate of depression of the water
table mainly reflect environmentalegeological problems caused by exploitation of deep groundwater. 相似文献
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Analysis of the negative effects of groundwater exploitation on geological environment in Asia 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper summarizes the negative effects on geological environment caused by groundwater exploitation and its distribution. There are seven main types of the geological environment negative effects, which are generally as follows:(1) Constant decrease of groundwater level is mainly distributed in China(East Asia), India(South Asia), Tajikistan(Central Asia) and Saudi Arabia(West Asia);(2) land subsidence occurs mainly in eastern plains of East Asia and west Siberian Plain of North Asia;(3) seawater intrusion occurs mainly in China, Japan and South Korea in East Asia, Philippines and Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the Indian coastal areas in South Asia;(4) groundwater level decline caused by groundwater exploitation in oil fields;(5) mining collapse is mainly in 50° to 70° north latitude band;(6) the total area of karst collapse in China of East Asia is as much as 197.05 km~2; and(7) ground fracture is mainly distributed in the North China Plain, Fenwei Plain and the Yangtze River Delta. Asia can be divided into 6 zones in terms of the geological environment negative effect caused by groundwater exploitation. According to analysis, with the increasing intensity of human activities, geological environment issues become more and more serious, therefore it is vital to control the human activities within the scope of 5× 10~5 people/km~2 to 9.9× 10~5 people/km~2 for the effective control of the size of the affected area by geological environment problems. 相似文献