共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文详细介绍了岩层真厚度计算公式,在袖珍计算器中进行计算程序编排的方法。并针对实测剖面中遇到的各种具体情况下,如何按分层计算真厚度举出一些实例。同时,对影响真厚度计算结果的各种因素,作了初步分析。 相似文献
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介绍了３种在大比例尺地形地质图上求解岩层真厚度的简便方法,导线法是根据岩层上下层面已同程点连线的长度,高程差、与岩层倾向后夹角和岩层真倾角计算岩层真厚度,水平面切割法和铅直面切割法是通过假想的平面来获得岩层上下层面的２条走向线。它们之间的距离或离程关芬别代表了岩层的最大露头宽度或铅直厚度,结合岩层真倾角很救是岩层的真厚度。 相似文献
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众所周知,根据实测地质剖面数据求岩层真厚度的计算常用列昂托夫斯基的三个公式为了在较为普及的EL-5002型(或大连DS-5型、广州8031型)可编程序计算器上得以实现岩层真厚度的计算,我们修改简化了列氏公式的表达形式,并使其输入机内的变量皆为可测得的量.现将程序所依据的简化公式、程序 相似文献
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岩层真厚度电算程序的改进 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
岩层真厚度电算程序的改进郭福生（华东地质学院地质系，江西抚州，３４４０００）迄今已发表的计算岩层真厚度的微机程序，应用起来不甚方便，且容易出现错误。其原因在于这些程序所依据的厚度计算方法存在下列问题之一：（１）对厚度正负取值未作出实质性的论证，硬性规... 相似文献
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为了迅速而正确地計算鈷孔中岩层或矿层的真厚度,本文略談一些粗浅的看法和意見,与同志們討論,并希批評指正。我們都知道在直孔中計算岩层真厚度是用M_o=Lcosα公式。M_o为岩层真厚度,L为岩层沿鈷孔方向的假厚度,α为岩心傾角。經过 相似文献
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阅读了地质知识1957年第2期中王土同志所著“在剖面不垂直岩层走向的情况下正确计算岩层真厚度的方法”一文后,认为王士把这个计算岩层真厚度的方法不必要地复杂化了。事实上在好些书本中均论证了适用于任何情况下(见附图表示的六种情况)计算岩层真厚度的普遍式,在布雅洛夫所著“构造地质学和野 相似文献
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在野外地质测量工作中,岩层真厚度历来使用标量计算。文中证明：如果规定在导线前进方向上,凡是自下部向上部测得的岩层真厚度为正厚度,反之则为负厚度,可以使用公式Ｍ＝Ｌ·［ｓｉｎβ·ｃｏｓε·ｃｏｓ（－λ）＋ｓｉｎε·ｃｏｓβ］进行岩层真厚度计算。该公式各参数的取值范围与野外实测剖面过程中各数值可能出现的范围相同,而且所有数据均可直接取于野外实测剖面数据记录表,不需要对数据作任何处理,计算过程简单准确。其计算结果不但可得出岩层的真厚度,而且还可真实地反映出岩层之间的上下关系,从而使岩层厚度具有矢量性质。 相似文献
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从列昂托夫斯基的三个传统公式到沈忠悦的一个通用公式,使岩层真厚度计算简便得多。但沈氏公式中带有绝对值,所以当连续测量地层剖面而进行厚度累计时容易出错。虽然文朴、徐开礼讨论了负厚度问题,但仍需人工选择不同公式计算或判断正负号,甚至出现文中规定的正负号变换原则与实际情况相矛盾的情形。由此可见,岩层真厚度计算的关键问题乃是厚度值的正负问题,即负厚度的识别和负号的应用。笔者等曾规定,导线从岩层下层面往上层面方向前进时所控制的岩层厚度为正厚度,导线从岩层上层面往下层面方向前进时所控制的厚度为负厚度,并在沈忠悦公式的基础上,根据岩层面法线与导线之情况相符,选择的参数可直接取自野外实测数据,避免了过程性人工换算环节。 相似文献
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Norbert B?ttcher Joshua Taron Olaf Kolditz Chan-Hee Park Rudolf Liedl 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(2):481-495
Three commonly used thermal equations of state for carbon dioxide, as well as the ideal gas law, have been compared against a large number of measurement data taken from the literature. Complex equations of state reach a higher accuracy than simple ones. The inaccuracy of the density function can cause large errors in fluid property correlations, such as heat capacity or viscosity. The influence of this inaccuracy on the results of numerical simulations have been evaluated by two examples: The first one assumes isothermal gas expansion from a volume, while the second one considers heat transport along a fracture. For both examples, different equations of state have been utilized. The simulations have been performed on the scientific software platform OpenGeoSys. The difference among the particular simulation results is significant. Apparently small errors in the density function can cause considerably different results of otherwise identical simulation setups. 相似文献
12.
The Smith and Bretherton model for fluvial landsurfaces consists of a pair of partial differential equations: one governing water flow and one governing sediment flow. Numerical solutions of these equations have been shown to provide realistic models of the evolution of fluvial landscapes. Further analysis of these equations shows that they possess scaling laws (Hack’s Law) that are known to exist in nature. The preservation of these scaling laws in simulations is highly dependent on the numerical method used. Two numerical methods, both optimized for overland flow, have been used to simulate these surfaces. The implicit method exhibits the correct scaling laws, but the explicit method fails to do so. These equations, and the resulting models, help to bridge the gap between the deterministic and the stochastic theories of landscape evolution. Slight modifications have been made to this model to make the resulting surfaces more realistic. The most successful of these was the addition of an abrasion term to assist in the channelization of rivers. 相似文献
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Amin Jamshidi Mohammad Reza Nikudel Mashallah Khamehchiyan Reza Zarei Sahamieh Yasin Abdi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(10):568
As known, P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness are non-destructive tests, which have been used for many years in geological, geotechnical, and civil engineering as an index tests for a quick assessment of rocks mechanical properties due to its rapidity and easiness, and non-destructiveness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness with some of mechanical properties of travertine building stones by empirical equations. Moreover, we have compared the accuracy of P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness to estimate the mechanical properties of rocks. For this purpose, 15 types of travertine have been collected from various quarries of Iran and tested. The tests include the determination of P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness, and mechanical properties include the unconfined compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, and point load strength. Using data analysis, empirical equations have been developed for estimating the mechanical properties from P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness. To check the validity of the empirical equations, a t test was performed, which confirmed the validity of the proposed empirical equations. Moreover, the results show that P-wave velocity appears to be more reliable than the Schmidt hardness for estimating the mechanical properties. Consequently, we propose empirical equations avoiding from cumbersome and time consuming tests for determining the mechanical properties of rocks. 相似文献
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The variational technique of data assimilation using adjoint equations has been illustrated using a nonlinear oceanographic
shallow water model. The technique consists of minimizing a cost function representing the misfit between the model and the
data subject to the model equations acting as constraints. The problem has been transformed into an unconstrained one by the
use of Lagrange multipliers. Particular emphasis has been laid on finite difference formulation of the algorithm. Several
numerical experiments have been conducted using simulated data obtained from a control run of the model. Implications of this
technique for assimilating asynoptic satellite altimeter data into ocean models have been discussed. 相似文献
16.
Optimization of analytical equations of groundwater seepage into tunnels: A case study of Amirkabir tunnel 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this study, with investigation of validity limits of analytical equations in computing groundwater seepage discharge into tunnels in different values of r/h (tunnel radius/water table height above tunnel), using optimization by regression analysis, we have tried to converge the results of analytical equations for any value of r/h. There are various experimental, analytical and numerical methods by which it is possible to calculate the amount of groundwater seepage into tunnels. Due to their simplicity and practical base theory, analytical methods have been applied more frequently. Studies imply that amount of real seepage into tunnel is significantly less than what is anticipated from analytical equations; on the other hand, the results of seepage calculations using these equations are depended on tunnel geometry and medium conditions. Previous investigations confirmed that in a tunnel for which, r/h is more than 0.4; these results are highly different both from one another and from the real seepage inflow. In this paper, optimization has been successfully performed on analytical equations so that the results of these methods are converged to each other for any value of r/h. 相似文献
17.
Numerical simulation of typhoon surges along the coast of Taiwan 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A numerical model has been designed to study the storm surge induced by typhoon along the coast of Taiwan. The governing equations
have been expressed in spherical coordinate system, and a finite difference method has been used to solve them. In the system
of hydrodynamical equations, the nonlinear advection and lateral eddy viscosity terms are prominent in shallow coastal waters.
Air pressure gradient and wind stresses are the driving forces in the model of typhoon surge. The model has been verified
with storm surges induced by Typhoons Herb in 1996, and by typhoons Kai-Tak and Bilis in 2000. 相似文献
18.
Wanwilai Kraipech Wu Chen Tom Dyakowski Andrzej Nowakowski 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):100-115
Many empirical models have been used widely for designing hydrocyclones in industry. These empirical models consist of a set of design equations. Most of the design equations are based on the correlations obtained experimentally, using dimensionless similarity numbers. These equations have their limitations due to the specific systems used for model development. Therefore, in many cases, they cannot be used with confidence to predict the design of an individual separator, or the overall plant configuration that is required to meet different user requirements. A modified version of the existing design equations presented by previous researchers was developed. The design equations, describing four fundamental parameters: pressure drop, flow recovery to underflow, corrected cut size and classification function, were modified by fitting with set of experimental data to obtain the system-specific constant parameters. These modified design equations were then called, the fine-tuned design equations. Four sets of fine-tuned design equations describing all the fundamental parameters were constructed and used to predict the separation performance of many hydrocyclone operational systems at the Dow Chemical Company, Texas, USA. The performance of these equations is evaluated, and the limitations of their use are discussed, thus providing useful insights into hydrocyclone design. 相似文献
19.
A numericl method for solving consolidation problems of layered soils is developed. Starting from the governing differential equations for the coupled poro-elastic medium, the governing partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations by means of the appropriate displacement functions and Laplace-Fourier transformation. Once the fundamental solution in the transformed domain has been found, the solution in the physical domain is obtained by numerically inverting the transformations. A series of soil consolidation problems have been solved and validated against existing solutions in order to compare the feasibility and the accuracy of the present technique. 相似文献
20.
Quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) has been attempted over the Narmada Catchment following a statistical approach.
The catchment has been divided into five sub-regions for the development of QPF models with a maximum lead-time of 24 hours.
For this purpose the data of daily rainfall from 56 raingauge stations, twice daily observations on different surface meteorological
parameters from 28 meteorological observatories and upper air data from 11 aerological stations for the nine monsoon seasons
of 1972–1980 have been utilized. The horizontal divergence, relative vorticity, vertical velocity and moisture divergence
are computed using the kinematic method at different pressure levels and used as independent variables along with the rainfall
and surface meteorological parameters. Multiple linear regression equations have been developed using the stepwise procedure
separately with actual and square root and log-transformed rainfall using 8-year data (1972–1979). When these equations were
verified with an independent data for the monsoon season of 1980, it was found that the transformed rainfall equations fared
much better compared to the actual rainfall equations. The performance of the forecasts of QPF model compared to the climatological
and persistence forecasts has been assessed by computing the verification scores using the forecasts for the monsoon season
of 1980. 相似文献