共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Sajad Haghir Chehreghani Aref Alipour Mehdi Eskandarzade 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,78(3):271-277
One important decision in design of surface mine is the selection of mine equipment and plant. Demand for mechanical excavation
is growing in mining industry because of its high productivity and excavation in large scale with lower costs. Several models
have been developed over the years to evaluate the ease of excavation and machine performance against rock mass properties.
Due to complexity of excavation process and large number of effective parameters, approaches made for this purpose are essentially
empirical. There are many uncertainties in results of these models. An attempt is made in this paper to revise the exisiting
models. Neural network models for estimation of rock mass excavatability and production rate of VASM-2D excavating machine
at Limestone quarry in Retznei, Austria, is presented. Input parameters of this model are Uniaxial compressive strength, tensile
strength and discontinuities spacing of rocks. Output is the specific excavation rate per power consumption (bcm/Kwh) as the
productivity indicator. Average of deviation between actual data and results estimated by neural network model was only 15%
which is in an acceptable range. 相似文献
2.
煤炭开采引起覆岩破断及地表下沉,覆岩及地表运移规律可反映裂隙带高度的动态演化过程。因地表下沉滞后于煤炭开采,对于废弃采空区,长期压实作用导致裂隙带高度较采动期间有所降低。基于地表点下沉速度的阶段特征将裂隙带高度的演化过程分为2个阶段,第1阶段裂隙带发育对应岩层破断逐步向上传递的过程,第2阶段裂隙带高度降低对应离层及裂隙闭合、断裂岩层受压后变形回弹及破碎岩体自然压实的过程。着眼于压实作用对裂隙带高度的影响,根据煤层采厚、垮落带和裂隙带岩层变形量及地表下沉值之间的定量关系,建立了第2阶段裂隙带高度预测模型,并结合太平煤矿实测结果进行验证,采用控制变量法分析了单一因素影响下废弃采空区裂隙带高度的演化特征。结果表明：废弃采空区裂隙带高度受控于垮落带块体强度、垮落带初始碎胀系数、采动期间裂隙带高度最大值及对应的垮落带高度、煤层埋深、地表最终下沉量等因素,太平煤矿采后15 a的裂隙带高度实测值11.36～13.00 m与理论预测值12.75 m吻合度较高,模型的可靠性得到验证。最后,应用此预测模型对武安煤矿（关停矿井）2002－2003年采空区裂隙带高度开展理论计算,结合地空瞬变电磁探测确定了地面瓦斯抽采钻孔理想的终孔位置并成功开展了地面钻孔瓦斯抽采试验。 相似文献
3.
Pan Yucong Liu Quansheng Kong Xiaoxuan Liu Jianping Peng Xingxin Liu Qi 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(4):1249-1268
In this study, determination of some machine parameters and performance prediction for tunnel boring machine (TBM) are conducted based on laboratory rock cutting test. Firstly, laboratory full-scale linear cutting test is carried out using 432-mm CCS (constant cross section) disc cutter in Chongqing Sandstone. Then, the input parameters for TBM cutterhead design are extracted; some TBM specifications are determined and then compared to the manufactured values. Finally, laboratory full-scale linear cutting test results are compared with the field TBM excavation performance data collected in Chongqing Yangtze River Tunnel. Results show that laboratory full-scale linear cutting test results, combined with some engineering considerations, can be used for the preliminary and rough design of TBM machine capacity. Meanwhile, combined with some modification factors, it can also well predict the field TBM excavation performance.
相似文献4.
岩浆岩体严重影响井田的煤质、储量等,对采区工作面布置、巷道掘进及回采工作造成严重的影响,因而探测岩浆岩侵入煤层的范围对煤矿安全高效生产具有重大意义。在总结岩浆岩侵入体的地质特征基础上,建立岩浆侵入煤层地震地质模型,通过正演,对多种属性进行交互分析,发现主频能量属性与振幅类属性对岩浆岩反应较为敏感,并且随着岩浆岩厚度的逐渐增加能量类与振幅类属性逐渐降低。通过对QN煤矿103工作面高密度三维地震资料连井剖面10煤进行属性分析,发现频带宽度、中心频率、主振幅属性可以较好地识别岩浆侵入区。通过对勘探区10煤层进行频带宽度、中心频率和主振幅属性分析识别岩浆侵入区,其识别结果与钻孔实际揭露吻合较好,证明采用地震属性识别技术可以识别煤层岩浆岩侵入区范围。 相似文献
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Localization of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces in overburden: field measurements and prediction 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
V. Palchik 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(1):68-80
The locations of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock interfaces in the overburden of Donetsk Coal Basin were identified using an original experimental device. The device traps methane from horizontal fracture zone (100–fold coal seam thickness) over an active longwall mining excavation. Presence or absence of horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces is correlated with physical characteristics of the overburden, such as thickness, uniaxial compressive strength of overburden rock layers, location of rock layer interfaces and thickness of extracted coal seams. As a result, a combined criterion based on these physical characteristics is proposed to predict the presence of overburden horizontal fracturing in coal mine operations. 相似文献
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矿井地质透明化是智能化煤矿建设的基础,三维地质建模是实现矿井地质透明的重要手段,以往采掘工作面地质建模存在插值算法不符合地质规律、多源异构地质数据融合程度低,以及煤矿生产装备与地质信息耦合少等问题。提出煤矿采掘工作面地质信息数字孪生的概念,采用离散光滑插值(Discrete Smooth Interpolation,DSI)算法,利用钻探数据及地震构造解释数据地质建模,建立DSI平行相似约束后迭代计算得到的地质综合模型。开发了三维地质建模软件,实现了点(地质点)、线(地质界线、地层界线)、面(三维地质界面)、体(封闭地质体)4种地质对象的构建,在体对象基础上开发了立方网功能,基于区域统计学算法对体对象内的空间数据进行属性插值。使用建模软件构建掘进、回采工作面数字孪生的地质模型载体,接入微震监测系统、电阻率监测系统、随掘地震监测系统、随采地震监测系统实时监测数据,实现工作面地质信息数字孪生,反映采掘扰动下的地质变化;为煤矿掘进生产提供基于地质模型的场景仿真和掘进规划巷道断面曲线下发,指导掘进机自主掘进,提供掘进前方地质异常距离预警,保障掘进地质安全;为回采工作面提供基于地质模型的场景仿真和规划截割曲线,指导采煤机自主规划截割,提供回采前方地质异常构造位置、应力集中区位置距离预警,提高回采工作的安全性。该技术在内蒙古鄂尔多斯唐家会煤矿进行了应用,为安全、高效采掘工作提供地质保障。 相似文献
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悬臂式隧道掘进机的工作性能一般采用其进行隧道铣挖的瞬时切割速率来综合度量,它是其进行隧道铣挖施工的适应性及其设备选型的重要依据。为了预测悬臂式隧道掘进机铣挖瞬时切割速率,结合其主要受隧道围岩岩性与施工设备条件控制的特点,本文首先选取岩石单轴抗压强度、岩石质量指标和悬臂式隧道掘进机截割功率作为预测指标,建立出铣挖瞬时切割速率预测模型;然后,考虑影响因素的模糊不确定性特点,提出基于模糊推理理论（包括模糊化、模糊规则库、模糊推理机和去模糊化）的铣挖瞬时切割速率预测方法。该方法不仅可全面反映隧道围岩岩性及施工设备条件的影响,还可反映相应各影响因素的模糊不确定性。最后,通过与现有方法分析和实测结果的比较分析,表明了本文模型与方法的合理与可行性。 相似文献
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J. Trčková 《Environmental Geology》1998,35(4):245-250
Experimental modelling methods are used for prediction of deformation and groundwater outflows at the bottom of an open-pit
mine during the excavation of brown coal. Thermal gas-bearing artesian water exerts an uplift pressure on the impervious subsoil
of the coal seam and threatens the stability of the mine bottom. The breakthrough of the mine bottom would seriously affect
the groundwater regime and may endanger mining activities. The mining is carried out within the protection zones of the Carlsbad
spa springs. Results of model studies are used to determine protective hydrogeological and mining measures for providing the
maximum protection for the open-pit mine and the spa springs.
Received: 16 August 1996 · Accepted: 9 June 1997 相似文献
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为了科学评价冻岩露天矿边坡稳定性,并采用有效措施保证冻岩边坡工程的安全建设和运营,分析了岩石在不同温度条件下多个物理力学参数的变化规律,结果表明,冻结态使岩石的强度得到一定的提高,而冻融循环使岩石的强度产生一定的削弱。由于岩体具有介质和结构的双重属性,冻融循环作用对岩体的介质和结构面损伤均较显著,可以通过改进的Hoek-Brown岩体强度准则分析冻融环境中的岩体强度。基于木里聚乎更矿区冻岩露天煤矿边坡的调查分析,总结归纳了该区冻岩边坡的破坏现象和类型,在冻融循环作用下冻岩边坡的破坏模式基本为浅表部的渐进式破坏。 相似文献
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焦作矿区演马庄井田突水地质条件分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
井下突水的相关因素主要是岩性、层间距、构造、水压和开采因素，而地质条件即岩性、层间距和构造控制着突水的分布。本文通过对焦作矿区演马庄井田突水介质条件（岩性、层间距）和突水构造条件的研究，对井田内突水危险地带进行了预测，所得结论对井巷工程设计和煤矿生产具有一定意义。 相似文献
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Pan Yucong Liu Quansheng Liu Qi Bo Yin Liu Jianping Peng Xingxin Cai Tao 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(2):653-676
Acta Geotechnica - Many methods have been proposed to predict the field excavation performance of tunnel boring machine (TBM). They can usually predict the general trends of the field rock cutting... 相似文献
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矿山开采对采动影响区域内的围岩形成扰动,弱化岩体力学性质,其参数劣化规律是数值模拟与分析计算的主要问题之一。以铜坑矿92#矿体连续采矿顶板诱导崩落试验采场为对象,运用卸荷岩体力学理论,确立了开挖卸荷岩体力学参数计算模拟的计算流程。结合有限元数值模拟方法,建立了岩体卸荷等效模型,进行了6步连续卸荷的计算,得到了地下连续采矿顶板卸荷岩体力学参数的变化规律,并运用多项式实现了卸荷岩体力学参数与卸荷量变化值的函数拟合,获得了采动卸荷岩体力学参数的劣化规律。结果显示,卸荷第6步时,计算不收敛,表明此时顶板已经完全破坏而发生崩落;在卸荷过程中,岩体力学参数均呈逐渐弱化的趋势,其中内摩擦角、凝聚力和弹性模量随开挖卸荷的推进呈逐渐减小的趋势,最终的参数分别相当于初始值的55%、50%和50%,但泊松比呈逐渐增大的趋势,最终值相当于初始值的1.15倍。其结果说明了采动卸荷导致了岩体质量的劣化,卸荷岩体力学参数与卸荷量的函数为采动卸荷力学响应的动态分析提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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煤矿开采已形成系列和成套的先进机械设备,煤矿与化工矿山既有各自的特殊性也有一定的共性,化工矿山引进应用一些采煤机械设备可以优化和创新开采技术方案,如:机械切割开采技术——连续采煤机与掘进机,工作面支护技术——液压支柱与液压支架,胶带输送技术——大倾角胶带机。通过加强沟通交流,加强试验研究,积极探索,可以促进非煤矿山开采技术的优化和创新。 相似文献
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煤矿开采岩体稳定性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
煤矿开采岩体稳定性研究一直是人们普遍关注的课题。本文对影响岩体稳定性的因素进行了分析,提出了岩体稳定性的研究方法,并以协庄矿为例,对顶板稳定性进行了预测,为煤矿开采岩体稳定性预测提供了一条途径。 相似文献
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离层水害严重影响煤矿安全,明确其突水致灾机理及防控技术的研究现状对促进煤矿安全生产具有重要作用。本文系统地总结论述了离层动态发育机制、突水致灾机理和突水预测预控技术3个方面的研究进展。离层随工作面推进过程呈现动态发育的特征,当某一层位离层具备密闭可持续的离层空间、补水通道、稳定的补给水源、突水通道这4个条件后即存在突水致灾的可能。进而,当离层存在上位高强度岩层破断产生的强冲击、离层积水产生的静水压、采场持续性回采活动的强扰动3个动力源中的一个(及以上)时,离层即发生涌突水。对离层水害的治理可从预防和预控两个角度入手,预防手段包括基于实用矿山压力理论、关键层理论构建离层发育层位预判模型及通过调整工作面推进速度和采高、运用绿色开采技术等减缓覆岩的运移和沉降,预控手段包括超前疏放水、钻孔截流、地面排水等。最后,指出了当前离层水害的研究过程中亟待攻克的难题,如积水探测技术不够精准、超前疏放水技术体系不够完善等,并展望了光纤探测技术、“地面+井下”抽疏(截)联动预控方法、一种无损采矿方法等防治离层水害的新方向。 相似文献
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Kouame Joseph Arthur Kouame Fuxing Jiang Sitao Zhu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(3):1141-1149
Today one of the world’s largest coal mining producers is China. Mining, especially coalmines had been the major sources of income to Chinese people. The mining activity offers many great opportunities to country and its population. Unlike in Ivory Coast where the active involvement of many people in artisanal mining activities in Ivory Coast is mainly due to the high rate of abject poverty and the low price of agricultural produce. With the increasing depth of mining, rock burst is on the rise. China’s deep mining industry faces such a threat. A major problem of deep mining is high ground stress, which is the major factor of rock burst. Due to the complexity of the rock burst mechanisms, complexity of induced factors as well as suddenness and randomness of rock burst occurrences, studies of rock burst prediction and control for safe mine exploitation is far from satisfying. The purpose of this paper is to examine of rock burst phenomenon in order to understand both stability in rock mechanics and the prediction of instability disasters in rock mechanics for application in the Ivory Coast mining sector with reference to the current Chinese mining industry. 相似文献