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1.
《Sedimentology》2018,65(1):263-302
Stratigraphic correlation of fine‐grained successions is not always straightforward. Complicating factors, such as unconformities, structural complexity, subsidence and especially minimal grain‐size variation, make the application of traditional correlation methods to fine‐grained successions problematic. Alternatively, the analysis of detailed geochemical data can allow for the determination of variations in sediment provenance, mineralogy, detrital flux and hydrothermal input. When compared with modelled clay input over time, these geochemical indicators can be used to determine changes in relative sea‐level and palaeoclimate, allowing for the identification of clinoform surfaces. As an example, this study outlines detailed correlations of chemostratigraphic packages within the lower Triassic Montney Formation in Western Canada to demonstrate the effectiveness of chemostratigraphy in defining and correlating fine‐grained clinoforms across a sedimentary basin. The data set used includes five wells and one outcrop succession, from which geochemical profiles were generated and tied directly to mineralogical data and well logs. These analyses reveal 13 distinct chemostratigraphic packages that correlate across the basin. Observed elemental and inferred mineralogical changes highlight trends in relative sea‐level and palaeoclimate, as well as episodes of inferred hydrothermal input to the Montney basin. Cross‐plots of La/Sm and Yb/Sm further suggest hydrothermal input as well as the scavenging of middle rare earth elements by phosphatic fish debris. Additionally, plots of La/Sm versus Yb/Sm, which show volcanic arc input within the Doig Formation, suggest an additional sediment source from the west during the Anisian. Pairing detrital and clay proxies demonstrates changes in relative sea‐level and, at the Smithian/Spathian boundary, the lowest relative sea‐level in the Montney Formation is observed, corresponding to a change in climate. 相似文献
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新疆焉耆盆地油气运移方向综合地球化学分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
分析了新疆焉耆盆地侏罗系原油的物性、含氮化合物含量和储层自生伊利石的同位素年龄在纵向和横向上的变化规律,探讨了焉耆盆地侏罗系油气运移方向。由上述分析可知,该区原油密度、含氮化合物含量和自生伊利石K-Ar年龄在平面上和垂向上均呈现出规律性的变化,即:平面上自南而北这些参数逐渐降低,垂向上同一构造带内随埋深减小这些参数逐渐变小。由此表明焉耆盆地侏罗系油气运移方向在平面上是从南向北,即油气先充注宝南储层,然后依次注入宝中和宝北储层;在纵向上是从深层向浅层运移,从八道湾组向三工河组和西山窑组储层中运移聚集。 相似文献
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新疆库车坳陷晚白垩世沉积的地球化学特征及意义 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
库车坳陷广泛发育的晚白垩世巴什基奇克组是新疆塔里木盆地北部地区克拉苏大型气田的主要储层,其沉积环境一直存在争议。本文依据塔里木盆地北部地区库车坳陷巴什基奇克组地球化学资料,对塔北地区晚白垩世时期发育海侵沉积进行了分析。结合野外露头剖面和钻井剖面巴什基奇克组上段新发现的大量海相钙质超微化石和沉积相特点,认为塔北地区晚白垩世时期曾发生明显的海侵作用,海水分布范围向东可达库车河地区,但沉积环境比较闭塞,古盐度指数反映水介质为咸水,古气候以干旱高温为特点。这一研究为塔西南地区和塔北地区晚白垩世地层对比奠定了基础,对本区的油气勘探和远景分析具有重要意义。 相似文献
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内蒙古银额盆地西部路井凹陷油气地球化学特征
与油气源 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
通过对银额盆地西部路井凹陷华力西晚期侵入岩、侏罗系、白垩系等不同层系所获原油的族组分、全油同位素、原油生物标记化合物、原油伴生气组分、同位素地球化学特征的分析,探讨了不同层系原油的生油母质类型、沉积环境和生烃母质的演化程度。对上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组、侏罗系、白垩系烃源岩沉积环境进行分析,并与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组生物标志化合物的对比,认为路井凹陷不同层段所获得的原油与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组烃源岩具有良好的亲缘关系,原油地球化学特征及生物标志化合物差异的原因是不同位置干泉组上段与下段烃源岩的贡献不同。 相似文献
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济阳坳陷青东凹陷低熟油生烃机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青东凹陷勘探程度低,油气资源潜力尚未得到充分认识,开展凹陷内低熟油成因机理的研究有利于评价油气资源潜力并指导油气勘探工作。原油的物理及地球化学特征表明低熟油主要分布于凹陷边缘的沙四上亚段储层中。油源对比显示低熟油主要来自凹陷内沙四上亚段低熟烃源岩。研究区沙四段烃源岩具备形成低熟油的地质和地球化学条件：沙四段泥页岩有机质丰度高,有机质类型以腐泥型(I)和腐泥-腐殖型(II1)为主;泥页岩与蒸发岩共生的咸化还原环境因富含高矿化度地层水而有助于有机质早期转化生烃;烃源岩中的可溶有机质经过低温化学反应、细菌活动、生物催化作用等可形成低熟油。该研究对青东凹陷油气勘探工作有重要指导意义,寻找低熟油气藏是研究区未来重要的勘探方向。 相似文献
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为了探讨西藏南部江孜一带侏罗系/白垩系界线时期海洋沉积环境的变化,本研究对采自藏南江孜甲不拉沟剖面的样品进行了常量、微量和稀土元素分析。Fe2O3+MgO与TiO2、Al2O3/SiO2关系判别图显示,从晚侏罗世维美组到早白垩世甲不拉组,研究区构造运动相对平静,基本上以大洋岛弧的构造演化为主,继承性明显。Mn、Fe、V、Co、Ni、REE等指标元素和U/Th、V/Cr、Sr/Ba、Lan/Ybn、V/(V+Ni)等比值结合显示,沉积条件从维美组浅海富氧、高盐、高沉积速率的环境演化为早白垩世甲不拉组深海、水体分层、沉积速率降低、具有明显深海沉积特征的环境。地化数据分析结果总体上与岩性成因分析相一致,即从维美组砂岩的浅海相沉积到甲不拉组下部的粉砂岩和上部的钙质泥岩、黑色页岩,水体经历了由浅到深的变化过程。 相似文献
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赛汉塔拉凹陷位于二连盆地腾格尔坳陷西部,是二连盆地低熟油分布区。采用有机地球化学和生物标志物分析方法,对赛汉塔拉凹陷下白垩统腾二段低熟原油和油砂样品进行了地球化学特征和油源对比研究。赛汉塔拉凹陷腾二段低熟油具有饱和烃含量相对较低、非烃和沥青质含量相对较高的族组成特征,正构烷烃分布以前峰型为主,主峰碳为C21或C23,Pr/Ph低(0.29~0.59),Pr/nC17 较低(0.29~0.58),Ph/nC18较高(0.57~1.37),C29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)为 0.27~0.40、C29甾烷ββ/(αα+ββ)为0.29~0.39,伽马蜡烷指数多为0.31~1.34,三环萜烷含量低,反映出原油生成于半咸水—咸水还原环境,生源以藻类输入为主。油源对比研究认为,赛汉塔拉凹陷腾二段低熟油有两种来源:一种是来自下伏腾一段烃源岩咸水环境成熟早期阶段生烃;另一种是来自洼槽中心低成熟的腾二段烃源岩自生自储。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组黑色岩系中首次发现主要呈纹层状、脉状等顺层分布于油页岩或凝灰岩中的碳酸质岩浆—热液喷流型沉积岩（简称喷积岩）,具有重要的研究价值。通过野外露头和钻井取心观察,薄片鉴定,扫描电镜、电子探针、全岩元素分析等测试方法,对上述碳酸质喷积岩的岩石学、矿物学、地球化学以及与生烃母质关系特征进行了初探。结果显示,按物质来源、形成方式和结构构造可将长7油层组碳酸质喷积岩划分为碳酸质喷爆岩、碳酸质喷溢岩、碳酸质喷流岩三大类型,三者主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素等地球化学特征具有岩浆碳酸岩和热水沉积岩的双重特征,且与生烃母质的发育具有正相关性。因此,碳酸质喷积岩在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组黑色岩系沉积期发育,且对长7油层组生烃研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
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The analysis of oil trapped during secondary migration 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
During secondary migration, there is an opportunity for oil to be trapped as fluid inclusions (FIs) within framework grains such as quartz and within diagenetic cements that have a crystalline structure. Oil saturation on migration pathways remains relatively low, so typically fewer oil inclusions get trapped compared with samples from an oil column. Geochemical analysis of the much smaller amounts of inclusion oil present in samples from interpreted oil migration pathways has been attempted for two samples from the Champagny-1 and Delamere-1 wells in the Vulcan Sub-Basin, northern offshore Australia. A combination of petrographic analysis, bulk geochemical inclusion analysis and log evaluation confirmed that both samples were from oil migration pathways. Despite the small number of oil inclusions, reliable geochemical data were acquired from both samples that were significantly above the levels detected for the system and outside-rinse blanks. The FI oil trapped on the interpreted oil migration pathway in Champagny-1 was generated from clay-rich marine source rock with little terrigenous organic matter input. It was generated at peak oil window maturity and correlates best with oils derived from the Late Jurassic Lower Vulcan Formation. In contrast, the Delamere-1 FI oil contains evidence of greater input of terrigenous organic matter and was generated at early oil window maturity. This FI oil also contains a signature of a biodegraded component, which could have been generated either from the Middle Jurassic Plover Formation, or from an older source rock. These data indicate that it is feasible to geochemically map migration pathways across prospects or basins, and to analyse palaeo-oil compositions in oil zones where the few inclusions get trapped. This also suggests that the few oil inclusions that sometimes occur in Proterozoic or Archaean rocks may be analysable in the future, which would provide relatively pristine and robust data on the composition and diversity of Earth’s early biosphere. 相似文献
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古近系沙河街组是东营凹陷最重要的成藏组合。在前人研究基础上 ,系统采集该组 6 0 0余块烃源岩样品和 30个油田 186个原油样品 ,分别进行了多项有机地球化学测试。结合其沉积序列和地球化学分析结果 ,将沙河街组烃源岩划分为咸水湖相 (沙四段上部 )、半咸水深湖相 (沙三段下部 )和淡水湖相 -三角洲 (沙三段中部 )三种成因类型 ,它们分别对应欠充填、平衡充填和过充填的湖泊类型 ,代表了陆相断陷盆地烃源岩三种最基本的成因模式 ;并发现沙河街组烃源岩存在强烈的非均质性 ,尤其在平衡充填过程中表现更为突出 ,这种非均质性与湖平面的升降变化密切相关 ,据此提出了波动湖相沉积。通过深入的油 -源对比工作 ,确立了咸水湖相和半咸水深湖相烃源岩为东营凹陷的主力源岩。还探讨了有机质的赋存状态和油气运移方式 ,指出咸水湖相烃源岩形成的油气以侧向运移为主 ,形成的油气藏分布在盆地的边缘 ;半咸水深湖相烃源岩形成的油气以垂向运移为主 ,形成的油气藏主要分布在盆地的中心 ,油藏类型主要为隐蔽性油气藏 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地西部车排子凸起新近系沙湾组成藏体系与富集规律 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
准噶尔盆地西部车排子凸起远源成藏,新近系油气藏和油气显示基本都在一套厚砂层和其上的薄砂层中,厚砂层和薄砂层之间存在密切的油源联系。针对这一成藏现象,利用区域构造、油源对比、输导体系、化验证据、成藏特征等手段,系统研究车排子的成藏体系。结果表明,车排子轻质油源岩为侏罗系,主要来自昌吉凹陷西部,油气运移指向为东南到西北方向。区域构造运动形成的白垩系与侏罗系的不整合面和红车断裂的长期活动使得油气能从深部生烃区向浅层凸起区长距离运移。沙湾组一段区域展布的厚砂层高效的横向输导作用是车排子凸起油气规模富集的关键,喜马拉雅期小断层的纵向沟通促成了沙湾组二段薄砂岩性体的最终成藏。白垩系与侏罗系的不整合面-红车断裂-沙湾组一段厚砂层的紧密接触、良好匹配构成了复式、高效的输导格架。通过成藏体系研究,归纳总结了车排子地区的成藏模式,并提出沙湾组二段岩性油气藏和一段上倾尖灭或超覆油气藏是最有利的勘探方向。 相似文献
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冀东油田南堡凹陷南堡2号构造带烃源岩地球化学特征与油源对比 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
南堡凹陷南堡2号构造带主要含油层段为古近系东营组东一段砂岩及奥陶系灰岩。对典型井老堡南1井原油与烃源岩的多项有机化学指标分析表明:南堡2号构造带烃源岩形成的沉积环境为陆相浅湖弱还原环境;东一段与东二段烃源岩表现出未成熟的特征;东三段与沙河街组烃源岩表现出成熟的特征,其生烃深度门限在3100m左右,主力生烃门限为3700m以下的沙河街组。通过油、岩饱和烃色谱-质谱参数综合对比,东营组一段的原油主要来自沙河街组一段的烃源岩,为"下生上储"油气藏;而奥陶系原油主要来自沙三段的烃源岩,为"新生古储"油气藏。 相似文献
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应用烃类流体包裹体GOI和成分研究凝析气藏成藏过程：以准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
The Grains containing Oil Inclusions(GOI)data in currently gas/condensate-beating Jurassic and Cretaceous reservoir sandstones of Well Pen 5(the Mosuowan area of central Junggar Basin,NW China)are generally greater than the empirical threshold line of 5%.This is consistent with the gas-condensate section originally containing a palaeo-oil column.In order to assess the origin of the oil trapped in the oil inclusion and its relationship to the free oil/gas-condensate,a detailed molecular geochemical study was carried out for correlation between the free and inclusion oils.The paleo oil is most likely sourced from the Lower Permian Fengeheng Formation,which generated hydrocarbons primarily during Late Triassic and the oils were later secondarily altered and dysmigrated along faults likely during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous.In contrast,the current reservoired oil/gas-condensate mainly derived from the Middle Permian Lower Wuerhe Formation,whose peak generation time last from Late Cretaceous even to the present.This paper showed that integrated oil-bearing fluid inclusion analyses have likely allowed a complex multi-phase charge history to be recognized and resolved with a high degree of confidence. 相似文献
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辽河盆地西部凹陷欢-双地区下第三系油田水体系及地球化学场 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
油田水体系的地球化学场中蕴含着丰富的石油地质学含意,其研究对指导油气勘探和开发有重要的意义。辽河盆地西部凹陷欢-双地区下第三系油田水可划分为六个体系,即:(1)沙四段油田水体系,(2)沙三段下部油田水体系,(3)沙三段中-上部油田水体系,(4)沙二段油田水体系,(5)沙一段油田水体系和(6)东营组油田水体系。虽然这六个体系的油田水均为低矿化度的重碳酸钠型水,但其矿化度和还原系数场不尽相同;这些不同不仅表现在油田水体系之间的地球化学场异常区面积有差异,而且地球化学场异常区位置也有变化。一般认为油田水体系中矿化度场的正异常区和还原系数场的负异常区为有利的油气聚集区和保存区。 相似文献
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油页岩地球化学特征及其记录的古湖泊学信息是揭示油页岩成矿富集规律的关键佐证。根据含油率、TOC、岩石热解、元素分析、生物标志化合物检测及有机显微组分分析,精细刻画了松辽盆地北部ZY1井青一段油页岩的地球化学特征,并分析了其记录的古湖泊学信息,探讨了古湖泊对油页岩有机质富集的控制作用。结果表明：青一段发育8层中等偏好品质的油页岩,下部为高品质油页岩富集层段;油页岩的含油率和TOC质量分数相关性极好,处于未熟—低成熟度演化阶段,生烃潜力大;油页岩中含丰富的萜类和甾类化合物,有机质类型主要为Ⅰ型,有机质来源主要为层状藻占优势的湖泊水生生物。地球化学参数指示,青一段下部古湖泊生产力呈现3个低→高的旋回,对应的古湖泊水体盐度呈现为3个半咸水-咸水旋回、古湖泊水体氧化还原性表现为还原-强还原-还原的厌氧环境,其中旋回Ⅱ后期湖泊生产力最高,对应的水体盐度最高、还原性最强。表明湖泊富营养化造成的高湖泊生产力是青一段高品质油页岩有机质富集的物质基础,盐度分层控制下强还原的湖底环境是高品质油页岩有机质富集的良好保存条件。 相似文献
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Oil families and their source rocks in the Weixinan Sub-basin, Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Baojia Huang Xianming Xiao Dongsheng CaiR.W.T. Wilkins Mingquan Liu 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(2):134-145
Thirty-one crude oils and 15 source rocks were selected for molecular geochemical and isotopic analyses in order to establish the genetic relationships between discovered oils and petroleum source rocks in the Weixinan Sub-basin, Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea. Three groups of oils were recognized. Group I oils are only found in the upper section of the Liusagang Formation, with a moderate abundance of C30 4-methylsteranes, low oleanane contents and lighter δ13C values, showing a close relation to the shale occurring in the upper section of the Liusagang Formation. Group II is represented by the majority of the discoveries and is distributed in multi-sets of reservoirs having different ages. The oils are characterized by a high abundance of C30 4-methylsteranes, low to moderate abundance of oleanane and heavy δ13C values, and shows a good correlation with the lacustrine shale and oil shale in the middle section of the Liusagang Formation. Group III oils occurred in the lower section of the Liusagang Formation. The oils have a lower concentration of C30 4-methylsteranes, relatively high abundance of oleananes and their δ13C values are intermediate. Oils of this group correlated well with the shallow lake-delta mudstone of the lower section of Liusagang Formation. These oil-source genetic relationships suggest a strong source facies control on the geographic distribution of oil groups within the Weixinan Sub-basin. The geochemical data indicate shale in the middle section of the Liusagang Formation has an excellent oil generation potential and the lower and upper sections contain dark shale and mudstone with good to fair oil potential. Future exploration or assessment of petroleum potential of the sub-basin could be improved by considering the proposed genetic relationship between the oil types and source rocks, as well as their distribution. 相似文献
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三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系主要发育两套烃源岩,分别为哈尔加乌组上段和哈尔加乌组下段,油气藏形成的源控作用十分明显。通过烃源岩和原油地球化学的分析以及油源对比,发现不同类型原油的形成与分布严格受控于对应源岩的分布范围。分析表明,马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩系油气成藏的主控因素是优质烃源岩、强充注油源断裂和有利火山岩相带的合理配置。根据烃源岩与储层的配置关系,石炭系油气藏的形成可以概括为两种模式:一种为风化壳型成藏模式,油气聚集在石炭系火山岩顶部受风化淋漓作用改造的优质储层中,其中的油气来自下部烃源岩,运移通道为与烃源岩相沟通的油源断裂;另一种模式为内幕型成藏模式,储层为流体溶蚀改造的储层,其中聚集的油气来自邻近火山喷发间歇期沉积的炭质泥岩。 相似文献