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1.
观测深度对断层气（氡、汞）测量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据武山实验点1m、３m、5m三个深度的断层气Ｒn、Hg时值资料采用多元逐步回归分析方法，深入讨论了断层气测量中的干扰,重点研究了深度对断层气Rn、Hg测量的影响。结果表明：随着深度的增加，气象因素对断层气Rn,Hg测量的干扰减小，测量的可靠性测量；从Rn,Hg在垂直方向上的分布看，断层气Hg随着观测深度的增加含量增高，Rn的含量主要受岩性控制，与深度关系不密切。 相似文献
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Lake Umbozero (the second largest in the area and the deepest in Murmansk province) was studied with the aim to establish
the biogeochemical features of the distribution of chalcophile elements (Hg, Cd, Pb, As) in water, bottom sediments, and whitefish
organs and tissues. Lake Umbozero is subject to the effect of emissions and effluents of mining-and-metallurgical plants in
Murmansk province, as well as airborne anthropogenic pollution of global character. Surface and near-bed peaks were recorded
in the distribution of Pb and Cd in water mass. Those peaks can be due to phytoplankton development in surface layers and
the precipitation of dead organisms and mechanical suspension into bed layers. The mean Pb and Cd concentrations in Umbozero
water mass exceed the mean for lake water in taiga zone. Water body pollution manifests itself in an increase in concentrations
of elements, such as heavy metals, in the surface layers of bottom sediments. The largest contamination factors were recorded
for Cd and Pb. Lake pollution by highly toxic chalcophile elements also caused their accumulation in whitefish organs and
tissues: the biological accumulation coefficient is >1 for Cd in kidneys (5.8) and for Hg in kidneys, liver, and muscles (3.6,
3.3, and 2.2, respectively). 相似文献
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《Acta Geochimica》2017,(2)
To date, the Xunyang mercury(Hg) mining district is the only ongoing large-scale Hg mining district in China. To understand the influence of Hg contamination mode from the Hg mining and smelting activities, 27 sampling sites in the Xunyang Hg mining district were chosen in this study. Total gaseous mercury(TGM) in ambient air was measured using a Lumex-RA915 automatic Hg analyzer in2011. Rice samples and soil samples from rhizosphere were collected systematically and simultaneously. Total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) concentrations in rice grain and soil samples and Hg speciation with modified sequential selective extractions were measured. The local environment was seriously polluted with Hg. The TGM(302 ± 376 ng·m-3, ranging from 24 to 2220 ng·m~(-3)) in the local ambient air, THg(28 ± 30 mg·kg~(-1), ranging from 0.31 to 121 mg·kg~(-1)) and Me Hg(2.3 ± 1.9 lg·kg~(-1),ranging from 0.24 to 8.9 lg·kg~(-1)) in soil samples were at the sample level with Hg contaminated area. The THg concentration(26 ± 16 lg·kg~(-1)ranging from 4.5 to 71 lg·kg~(-1)) in most of the rice grain samples clearly exceeds the threshold level(20 lg·kg~(-1)) in the Chinese national guidelines for cereals(NY 861-2004). The inorganic mercury(IHg)(9.1 ± 5.6 lg·kg~(-1), ranging from 1.2 to 24 lg·kg~(-1)) and Me Hg(14 ± 9.8 lg·kg~(-1), ranging from 2.1 to 59 lg·kg~(-1))concentration in rice grain samples were at the same level with Hg contaminated area. The main species of Hg in paddy soils reveal strong complex Hg and residue Hg. According to the correlation analysis, a Hg pollution mode from local Hg mining and smelting was hypothesized, including Hg emission, transportation, methylation, and uptake process. 相似文献
5.
《地震地磁观测与研究》2016,(1)
断裂带土壤气浓度测量是活动断裂地震危险性评价的重要手段之一。根据郯庐断裂带山东段安丘—莒县断裂和黄线弧形断裂断层土壤气中Rn、CO2和Hg的浓度,探讨断层气体地球化学特征。测量结果表明:安丘—莒县断裂Rn、CO2和Hg的浓度异常明显,且Rn和CO2的浓度异常具有较好的相关性。郯庐断裂带山东段沂沭断裂土壤气中,Rn和CO2浓度异常沿断裂由南向北变小,二者浓度异常与断裂活动性有一定关系。 相似文献
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M. Díaz-Asencio C.M. Alonso-Hernndez Y. Bolanos-lvarez M. Gmez-Batista V. Pinto R. Morabito J.I. Hernndez-Albernas M. Eriksson J.A. Sanchez-Cabeza 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,59(4-7):108
The vertical distribution of Hg and Pb were determined in a sediment core collected from the Sagua estuary (North Cuba) that receives input from the Sagua river, one of the most polluted rivers discharging into the Cuban coastal environment. Depth profiles of metal concentrations were converted to time-based profiles using the 210Pb dating method and confirmed with the 137Cs fallout peak. The mean mass accumulation rate was estimated to be 0.17 ± 0.04 g cm−2 y−1 (mean sediment accumulation rate 0.52 ± 0.13 cm y−1) and the core bottom was estimated to date back about 130 years. The historical sedimentary record showed a strong enrichment of mercury concentrations in the past decades, caused by the incomplete treatment of industrial wastes from a chlor-alkali plant with mercury-cell technology in the Sagua river basin. Lead fluxes to sediments showed a gradual increase from the 1920s to present, which agrees with a population increase in Sagua la Grande City. Fluxes of both metals have increased the past 25 years, with values reaching a maximum of 0.5 and 3.9 μg cm−2 y−1 for Hg and Pb, respectively. 相似文献
7.
采用流动采样、定点观测分析方法,对滇西北地区部分典型活动断裂带上天然出露的温泉,进行水汞背景值(本底值)调查和观测研究,得出各点位温泉中水汞的正常变化范围、空间分布特征,以及与活动构造的关系,用于滇西北地区地震短临跟踪加密观测,以及强震现场周围的前兆异常监视工作。 相似文献
8.
汞观测中干扰因素的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过实验及机理的分析研究表明：１．测汞仪气路中硅胶管对汞的的吸附水平受其本身温度的影响。温度升高，吸附汞的能力下降，释放其吸附汞的速度加快。在一定的温度下，硅胶管存在一个管内吸附汞与通过其中的气体中汞的释放和吸附的平衡；２．观测室温度的变化，除通过影响仪器气路（如硅胶管等）的温度百而影响观测结果外，主要是影响观测测室内壁汞进入空气的量，而影响空气汞本底，严重时可引起本底值值发生数十位的变化；３ 相似文献
9.
In this study, some toxic metal such as Pb, Cd and Hg analyzes have been done in the nearshore surface sediments. Sediment samples have been collected from five parts from the European and Anotolian Shores of the Bosphorus during 2003-2004. Total Pb, Cd and Hg contents vary between <0.01μgg(-1) and 238μgg(-1); <0.01μgg(-1) and 0.92μgg(-1); 0.001μgg(-1) and 0.45μgg(-1), respectively. Contamination Factor (CF) values of Pb and Cd range between 1 and 3 whilst CF values of Hg are lower than 1 in all the stations. It means that there are no Hg metal enrichment by natural or anthropogenic inputs contrary to moderately contamination for Pb and Cd metals throughout the Bosphorus sediments. 相似文献
10.
Contamination with As, Cd and Hg, their spatial and temporal distribution are reported from the coastal wetland sediments of the northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. The content of As, Cd, Hg and TOC in surface sediments is 8.1 ± 5.8 μg g?1, 0.08 ± 0.14 μg g?1, 0.034 ± 0.028 μg g?1 and 0.45 ± 0.39%, respectively. The mean sedimentation rates are 0.93–1.37 cm year?1 during 1920s to 2008 determined by 210Pb and 137Cs dating in three cores. The vertical profiles of As, Cd and Hg content in the cores retrieved from Qin and Nanliu River estuaries show increasing trends during 1985–2008 due to anthropogenic impact caused by local economic development. Locally the surface sediments have potential ecological risk of As to benthos according to the NOAA sediment quality guidelines. 相似文献
11.
根据大连双井测汞震例，用最小二乘法原理，就汞测量预测地震进行了定理化研究，给出适宜本地区的经验预测公式，取得初步研究成果。 相似文献
12.
Hg contents ranging from 0.026 to 0.19 and 0.1 to 344 ppm were measured by activation analysis in a number of pyrite and sphalerite samples, respectively. The release of Hg based on stepwise heating shows a correlation with metamorphic grade of the pyrite samples and with Fe content of the sphalerite samples. Experiments were undertaken to study the equilibration of Hg at different temperatures in Hg-doped laboratory prepared ZnS and FeS2. On subsequent volatilization, trends in the Hg release were observed which paralleled those in the sulfide minerals. 相似文献
13.
Abu Sayeed Shafiuddin Ahmed Mohammad Belal Hossain Saad Mohammad Omar Faruque Babu Moshiur Rahman Jun Sun Mohammad Shafiqul Islam Sarker 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(1):83-96
Sediment samples from the Gomti River basin were investigated to determine and evaluate trace metal concentrations,their biological effect,and potential ecological and human health risks for adults and children.The mean concentrations of trace metals were organized in the descending order of mercury(Hg)(0.08 mg/kg)>chromium(Cr)(0.06 mg/kg)>lead(Pb)(0.05 mg/kg)>arsenic(As)(0.02 mg/kg)>cadmium(Cd)(0.01 mg/kg).The current study illustrated that metals were attributed to the area from natural sources and different anthropogenic sources especially from industries.However,the concentration levels were lower than the sediment quality guidelines(SQGs)based on the effect-range classifications of threshold effect concentration(TEC)and probable effect concentration(PEC).Therefore,the concentration of the elements showed no adverse biological effects on aquatic organisms.The evaluated potential ecological risk index also revealed the low toxicity to the aquatic environment.Moreover,the applied sediment quality indices,geo-accumulation index(Igeo),contamination factor(CF),and contamination severity index(CSI)suggested that the contamination levels of the elements were in the acceptable range,and the contamination had not notably impacted on the sediment quality.The risk index(HI)concerning age groups was significantly less than the threshold limit of 1 indicating that the contamination had no non-carcinogenic risk effect.The total carcinogenic risk(TCR)was less than a risk value of 1×104.Hence,the current study suggests that immediate remediation is not required due to an absence of alarming conditions in the study area.Proper monitoring of the attribution of the metal elements should be done for the betterment of human and environmental health。 相似文献
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Mercury contamination of fish is dependent upon a system’s ability to transform inorganic Hg into biologically available forms; however, fish biometrics also play an important role. To assess long term trends in Hg concentrations in sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis) a polynomial model, corrected for fish length, was used to evaluate temporal trends and spatial variability, while growth rates were estimated using the Von Bertalanffy length-at-age model. Hg concentrations showed no decrease over time, and generally remained near recommended consumption levels (0.5 mg kg−1). Previously reported spatial differences in Hg concentrations were not supported by the data once the models were corrected for fish length. Growth rate variation accounted for a large part of the previously published spatial differences. These results suggest that inclusion of fish biometrics is necessary to facilitate an accurate interpretation of spatial and temporal trends of contaminant concentrations in long term estuarine and marine monitoring programs. 相似文献
17.
Endo T Hisamichi Y Haraguchi K Kato Y Ohta C Koga N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(10):1774-1780
We analyzed Hg, Zn and Cu concentrations in the liver and muscle of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) from the coast of Ishigaki Island, Japan. The Hg concentration in the muscle increased proportionally with body length in the tiger sharks, whereas that in the liver increased rapidly after maturity (defined by a length of over 2.7 m). Muscle Hg levels were higher than liver concentrations in immature sharks, with the inverse trend observed in mature sharks. Notably, the Zn and Cu concentrations in the liver tended to decrease with increasing body length. This rapid increase in hepatic Hg concentration concurrent with the onset of maturity in sharks may result from the continuous intake of Hg via food and the slower growth of mature sharks. The high concentrations of the essential metals Zn and Cu in immature sharks may be explained by the physiological demands related to rapid growth. 相似文献
18.
本文通过对红河断裂北段相态汞的构造地球化学特征研究,认为表生条件下土壤汞主要以氯化汞和硫化汞存在。可用土壤相态汞进行活动断层勘查,其中反映较好的有气态汞、总汞、氯化汞和硫化汞。红河断裂上部较高的气态汞含量反映其强烈活动性。本文最后讨论了表生条件下土壤相态汞的可能转化模式。 相似文献
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中强震前地下水中汞（Ｈｇ）含量的异常变化特征１引言１９９０年１月－１９９２年１２月，作者在滇西地震预报实验场和甘肃河西地震重点监视区分别选择了一些观测井孔、泉点，观测水中汞含量的变化，探索其与地震活动的相关性。对于在观测期间发生的几次中强地震，大多数... 相似文献
20.
Carrick M. Eggleston 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1993,55(4):240-249
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to observe, at the atomic scale, Cr(III) adsorbed to hematite (001) surfaces from aqueous solution. The Cr(III) adsorbates are relatively immobile, but estimated activation energies for surface self-diffusion are lower than those for water or hydroxyl substitution in aqueous Cr(III). Possible causes are effects of STM imaging (artifacts), high ligand-substitution rates for adsorbed species, or participation of substrate Fe (III) ligand exchange. STM imaging of suitable aqueous surface complexes is shown to be feasible, and constitutes a new way to study the relationships between microscopic and macroscopic chemical behavior of adsorbed species in aqueous systems. 相似文献