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1.
Prediction of Floor Water Inrush: The Application of GIS-Based AHP Vulnerable Index Method to Donghuantuo Coal Mine,China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Qiang Wu Yuanzhang Liu Donghai Liu Wanfang Zhou 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(5):591-600
Floor water inrush represents a geohazard that can pose significant threat to safe operations for instance in coal mines in
China and elsewhere. Its occurrence is controlled by many factors, and the processes are often not amenable to mathematical
expressions. To evaluate the water inrush risk, the paper proposes the vulnerability index approach by coupling the analytic
hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS). The detailed procedures of using this innovative approach
are shown in a case study in China (Donghuantuo Coal Mine). The powerful spatial data analysis functions of GIS was used to
establish the thematic layer of each of the six factors that control the water inrush, and the contribution weights of each
factor was determined with the AHP method. The established AHP evaluation model was used to determine the threshold value
for each risk level with a histogram of the water inrush vulnerability index. As a result, the mine area was divided into
five regions with different vulnerability levels which served as general guidelines for the mine operations. The prediction
results were further corroborated with the actual mining data, and the evaluation result is satisfactory. 相似文献
2.
Hydrogeological data are generally incomplete and inaccurate in amalgamated coal mines in China, which results in inaccuracy in water inrush forecasts. To enhance the precision of the prediction of water inrush from coal floor in an amalgamated coal mine, the vulnerability index method was developed using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to analyze the water inrush hazard. Six factors related to water inrush were selected and the corresponding single factor thematic map was established through geographic information system (GIS). The AHP model was built to calculate the weight of each factor. The final forecast map based on vulnerability index was acquired by superposing the six thematic maps. The forecast map was consistent with the real water inrush position. The sensitivity of the six factors was analyzed and the water-resisting layer played a significant role in controlling water inrush. Several suggestions about water inrush prevention were put forward based on the prediction results. 相似文献
3.
In order to improve the accuracy of floor water inrush assessment, the risk prediction model of floor water inrush was established by combining the principal component logistic regression analysis (PCLRA) and GIS spatial geographic analysis. In this paper, the geological data of Pandao coal mine was taken as the engineering background. First of all, main controlling factors of floor water inrush were determined and quantified. Next, PCLRA was used to determine the weight of each factor and establish the mathematical model for predicting the floor water inrush. And then, GIS’s spatial analysis and data processing function was used to draw related single factor thematic maps. Related thematic maps were weighted superposed to draw a floor water inrush zoning map based on PCLRA mathematical model. The study areas were divided into five levels by Jenks optimization method and vulnerability index initial model. And the corresponding threshold range was determined. The results show that (1) the high sensitivity factors in floor failure depth were added to evaluate the water inrush, and the fault fractal dimension was used to replace the fault structure related factors, and the main controlling factors of floor water inrush are more comprehensive; (2) the fitting degree of PCLRA model is high and the test accuracy is 83.3%; (3) the prediction results were well fitted to the actual position of water inrush (three water inrush points are located in the dangerous area, and two water inrush points are located in the relatively dangerous area). 相似文献
4.
针对传统的AHP型脆弱性指数法在权重确定方面的不足,采用熵权法对其改进,将熵权法计算的客观权重与AHP法计算的主观权重进行加权平均,综合确定各主控因素诱发突水的权重比例。在综合分析长平煤矿水文地质资料的基础上,应用GIS建立主控因素专题图并进行归一化处理,运用基于GIS的改进AHP型脆弱性指数法确定各主控因素权重,建立井田西部3号煤底板奥灰突水危险性评价模型。利用自然间断点分级法确定了分区阈值,将研究区按突水危险性的相对大小分为5个区域。评价结果符合实际,对煤矿安全生产具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
5.
准确圈定煤矿工作面底板突水预警重点监测区域,实现监测位置和潜在突水点位置在空间上的匹配,是突水灾害预警急需解决的问题之一。为研究煤矿工作面底板突水灾害预警重点监测区域评价技术,采用水文地质分析、GIS空间分析及ANN预测等技术手段,建立了底板突水灾害预警重点监测区域评价指标体系,提出了将不连续指标转化为连续指标的方法,建立了评价模型,研发了重点监测区域评价GIS系统,实现了煤矿底板突水灾害预警重点监测区域GIS与ANN耦合评价技术,最后以赵庄煤矿5303回采工作面底板突水监测预警为例,利用研发的系统圈定了该工作面重点监测区域。研究表明,确定预警重点监测区域的影响因素主要有含水层水压、含水层富水性、含水层防（隔）水煤岩柱厚度、老空区危险性指数、断层危险性指数、陷落柱危险性指数和封闭不良钻孔危险性指数,利用分段函数可以有效将不连续指标转化为连续指标,研发的评价系统可以实现煤矿突水灾害预警监测位置自动评价,评价结果与现场揭露及水害预警系统监测结果一致。 相似文献
6.
Evaluation and zoning of groundwater hazards in Pingshuo No. 1 underground coal mine,Shanxi Province,China 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Coal mining safety has been compromised with water inrushes from aquifers either overlying or underlying the coal seams. Detailed studies of the associated hydrogeological conditions in China have led to different approaches to mitigate the water inrush risks from these two types of aquifers—the ‘three diagram method’ for overlying-aquifer water inrushes and the ‘vulnerability index method’ for underlying-aquifer water inrushes. The ‘three diagram method’ consists of: (1) aquifer water-abundance distribution charts derived from a geographic information system and analytic hierarchy process based water-abundance index model; (2) a fracture height map showing mining-induced fractures above the coal seam, established with stratified numerical simulations; and (3) a comprehensive partition map identifying the overlying-aquifer water inrush risk. The ‘vulnerability index method’ uses site-specific data to establish thematic maps for major factors that affect the underlying-aquifer water inrushes, whereas the weight of each control factor is determined by the analytic hierarchy process. The calculated vulnerability index is indicative of water inrush risks. The effectiveness of these methods is illustrated with a case study at the Pingshuo No. 1 underground coal mine, Shanxi Province, China. 相似文献
7.
Groundwater inrushes often occur in the coal mines of China. One of the water sources is the aquifers underlying the coal
seams. Because such a water hazard is affected by many factors, data collected from various sources need to be evaluated to
predict its occurrence. This paper introduces an innovative approach in which the water inrush risk is represented by the
vulnerability index. This method combines the geographic information system and the artificial neural network. The artificial
neural network is used to estimate the weight of each factor. Unlike the traditional prediction method in which two controlling
factors are often evaluated without regard to their relative importance, this new approach incorporates multi-factors and
describes the non-linear dynamical processes. 相似文献
8.
The prediction and prevention of floor water inrush is directly related to the safety of the coal mine production. The previous evaluation method of floor water inrush was more one-sided and lacked main control factors related to mining conditions. In order to evaluate the floor water inrush more accurately, under the project background of geological data of Wanglou coal mine, stope width, mining depth, fault scale index, water pressure, water abundance and thickness of aquifer were selected as main controlling factors of floor water inrush. Combined with the subjective weight analytical hierarchy process and the objective weight variation coefficient method, the weight coefficients corresponding to the main controlling factors were obtained respectively. The thematic map of the risk assessment of coal seam floor water inrush was drawn by combining the constructed comprehensive weight vulnerability index model and geographic information system. The results show that: ① according to the actual geological data of mine, two fault related factors were removed. And stope width and mining depth were increased as the main controlling factors to evaluate floor water inrush. It is easier to compare and calculate the weight of evaluation factors. ② The constructed comprehensive weight vulnerability index model can comprehensively evaluate the risk of floor water inrush. And the results of the evaluation are more accurate. ③ The related thematic maps can directly reflect the risk of floor water inrush, which is of guiding significance for the prediction and prevention of coal seam floor water inrush. 相似文献
9.
从地质构造、含水层、隔水层、开采条件等方面详细分析了赵官井田10煤层底板突水的影响因素,确定了断层强度指数、褶皱分维值、"底板充水含水层组"水压、"底板充水含水层组"富水性、奥灰富水性、隔水层厚度、泥岩比率、底板破坏深度8个主控因素作为10煤层底板突水危险性评价的决策指标,并建立了各主控因素专题图;运用层次分析法(AHP)确定了各主控因素的权重系数,建立了基于"脆弱性指数法"的底板突水危险性评价模型,对10煤层底板突水危险性进行了定量评价,结果表明:在井田的南部煤层露头处脆弱性指数小,突水可能性较小;在井田的北部,特别是在井田东北部,脆弱性指数大,突水危险性较大。 相似文献
10.
The no. 11 coal seam in the deep area of Hancheng mining area is mining in recent years, which is threatened by the water inrush from the Ordovician limestone aquifer. Coal-floor water inrush is governed by the water abundance of coal-floor aquifer, the water-resisting performance of coal-floor aquitard, and the pathway connecting the water source and the working face. To make an accuracy risk assessment of water inrush from the no. 11 coal seam floor, a GIS-based vulnerability index method (VIM) is adopted for its superior comprehensive consideration of more controlling factors, powerful spatial analysis, and intuitively display functions. This study firstly established an index system including the water pressure of the coal-floor aquifer, the unit water inflow, the thickness, the core recovery percentage, the thickness ratio of brittle rocks to ductile rocks, the thickness of effective aquitard, and the accumulated length of faults and folds, of which the former six indexes governed the water abundance of the coal-floor aquifer which was combined with the last two factors to determine the risk of coal-floor water inrush. Secondly, the thematic map of each controlling factor is established by GIS using the geological prospecting data, and the weight of each factor is determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) after consulting the expert review panel. At last, a vulnerability index is obtained and used to assess the risk of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam. The risk of water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam of the study area was ranked to three zones: the southeastern shallow area in red color is the dangerous zone, the wide northwestern area in green color is the safe zone, and the transition area in yellow color is the moderate-risk zone. Compared with the actual water-inrush incidents, the risk assessment result was verified to achieve an accuracy of 82.35%, which is proved to be a dependable reference for the prevention and controlling of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam in Hancheng mining area. 相似文献
11.
邢台煤矿下组煤开采水文地质条件评价及突水危险性预测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为安全开采下组煤,详细分析了矿区奥灰水文地质条件,以研究煤层底板突水因素、突不机理为切入点,利用地理信息系统技术,对下组煤开采之前奥灰突水的危险性进行了预测,即可分为３个区（安全区、可能突水区、突水区）,同时提出下组煤先期开采的范围为－２１０ｍ水平以上范围。 相似文献
12.
以平顶山十三矿己四采区底板灰岩的突水危险性评价为例,将熵权法(EW)和模糊层次分析法（FAHP）耦合在一起,确定了突水影响因素的权重,并建立了突水危险性评价模型。结果显示:十三矿己四采区二1煤底板标高-150~-350 m区域,不受底板灰岩水的影响,属于安全区;标高-350~-700 m 且不受断层影响的区域属于较安全区;标高-700 m以下及标高-350~-700 m且受断层影响的区域属于突水危险区。在前期突水资料少和数据量有限的条件下,EW-FAHP法能够较为客观地确定突水影响因素权重。 相似文献
13.
煤层底板突水因素众多,突水系数法作为传统的方法所能考虑的突水影响因素种类很有限,不能全面的描述煤层底板突水的复杂机理。为保障煤矿的安全生产,本文以底板突水脆弱性理论为基础,对曹村井田II^#煤层底板突水危险性进行评价,为煤矿今后的安全生产起指导作用。 相似文献
14.
深埋煤层采场顶板泥砂溃涌灾害是由于泥岩顶板遇水发生松散崩解,在矿压作用下泥砂集中溃入井下的综合性灾害,其灾害发生受到含水层、矿山压力、地质构造等多因素影响。以黄陇煤田照金煤矿为研究区,在灾害发生机理研究的基础上,讨论了灾害发生的主要影响因子,最终选取洛河组含水层富水性、煤层到洛河组含水层距离、宜君组砾岩厚度、煤层上覆杂色泥岩厚度、煤层到杂色泥岩距离、单位面积断层密度、褶皱构造分布和煤层开采厚度8个主控因素,采用层次分析权重赋值方法,确定影响灾害发生的各主控因素权重,构建煤层顶板泥砂溃涌灾害危险性评价数学模型;绘制主控因素专题图并进行栅格赋值,通过信息融合叠加方法将各因素进行叠加,最终形成多源信息融合的照金煤矿煤层顶板泥砂溃涌灾害综合分区。研究结果表明,照金煤矿ZF202工作面所在区域该类灾害发生的危险性高,与实际开采过程中曾发生的“4·25”重大事故发生区域较为吻合,说明本次危险性评价模型构建合理,分区结果可用于指导矿井的开采布设与泥砂溃涌灾害防治。移动阅读 相似文献
15.
为克服层次分析法主观确权的弊端,同时避免熵权客观确权与主控因素实际重要程度相悖的错误,以山西长治三元煤矿3号煤层底板奥灰突水危险性评价为例,将熵权与层次分析耦合确定煤层底板突水主控因素权重并建立脆弱性指数模型,采用K均值聚类法对脆弱性指数值进行聚类分区,确定阈值3个,按照突水危险程度将研究区分为安全区、相对安全区、过渡区和危险区4个区域。经对比验证评价结果符合实际情况。 相似文献
16.
AHP法是煤层底板突水预测预报的关键技术之一,但传统基于“1~9”标度的AHP法往往存在一致性效果不够理想等问题.通过对AHP法的改进研究,提出了基于“10/10~18/2”标度的改进AHP法型脆弱性指数法评价技术.以成庄矿3#、9#和15#煤层底板奥灰突水脆弱性评价为例,在建立各主控因素专题层图基础上,应用基于“10/10~18/2”新标度的改进AHP法,确定了各主控因素的权重;进一步建立了煤层底板奥灰突水的脆弱性评价模型,得出了各煤层脆弱性评价分区.研究表明,改进的AHP法构建的判断矩阵具有较好的一致性;通过与传统突水系数法评价结果对比可知,基于GIS的改进AHP型脆弱性指数法评价能够真实反映多因素影响下煤层底板突水的非线性动力过程,评价结果更为吻合实际. 相似文献
17.
地应力是影响矿井突水的重要因素之一,是存在于地壳中的重要能量场条件。采用现场应力解除法对开滦矿区多个矿井进行了地应力测试,分析了研究区现今地应力分布规律,在此基础上,建立了煤层底板突水危险性与岩石力学性质及地应力之间的相关关系和模型,对范各庄矿12煤层底板和东欢坨矿12-2煤层底板突水危险性进行了评价。研究结果表明,本区地壳浅部现代地应力作用较强,整体处于近东西向挤压应力场中,在挤压应力作用下,煤岩层应力状态主要表现为水平主应力大于垂直主应力,原岩应力主要由构造应力和自重应力场构成。煤层底板突水危险性受岩石力学条件和地应力所控制,当岩石破裂压力大于水压（Pf〉Pw）,则不产生突水;若岩石破裂压力小于水压时,则有可能突水。当承压水的水压（Pw）小于最小水平主应力（σhmin）时,不会产生突水。只有当承压水的水压（Pw）大于最小水平主应力（σhmin）时,存在突水危险性。范各庄矿12煤层底板和东欢坨矿12-2煤层底板破裂压力（Pf）和最小主应力（σhmin）均大于其底板岩体承受的水压（Pw）,本区在无构造破坏卸压条件下是不会发生底板突水的。 相似文献
18.
19.
针对当前煤层底板突水预测存在的问题,在突水概率指数法预测预报系统的基础上,用matlab开发出了一套新型煤层底板突水预测系统软件。通过对地质、水文地质等信息数据进行分析处理,从而确定导致煤层底板突水的主控因素及次级影响因素,并分别赋予其相应的权重值,将各因素在底板突水中所起的作用定量化。特别是对于不同矿区不同控制因素的影响,其相应权重值的大小可以灵活改变。建立赋权求和数学模型,绘制出各个主要控制因素的专题图,并根据各个主要控制因素的不同权重值,叠合绘制出底板突水概率指数法突水分区图。同时计算出煤层底板突水概率指数。将系统软件应用于工程实际,预测效果与实际情况相吻合。 相似文献
20.
中国煤矿水害基本特征及其主要影响因素 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
分析了中国煤矿水害发生发展的基本规律,研究了中国煤矿水害的基本特征及其产生原因。较为系统地论述了我国煤矿水害防治技术存在的主要问题、技术难关以及生产企业对矿井水害防治技术的基本需求。重点分析了深部煤炭资源开发过程中高承压水底板突出机理及其防治技术和废弃矿井老空水突出机理与防治技术。提出了中国煤矿水害防治技术和矿井水文地质安全保障体系建设的发展趋势。 相似文献