共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
1.
V. A. Mullayarov V. I. Kozlov A. V. Amburskii 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2007,1(4):274-282
An analysis of amplitude variations in the noise and storm-induced impulsive VLF electromagnetic signals recorded at Yakutsk along paths above earthquakes is reported. It is shown that amplitude characteristics of storm-induced VLF signals can usefully supplement signals of radio stations as used in the radio monitoring of regions above earthquakes. The effect on these signals due to earthquakes of magnitude greater than 5 is observed as an amplitude increase within the three days following an earthquake. The pre-seismic variations in the storm-induced signal amplitude which can be regarded as precursors are generally observed as increased amplitudes (within 10 days before the earthquake) with a subsequent minimum. 相似文献
2.
N. G. Sergeeva E. Turunen O. F. Ogloblina S. M. Chernyakov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2009,49(5):682-689
The data, obtained using the methods of partial reflections and ionosphere vertical sounding on the Kola Peninsula and in Scandinavia, at Tumannyi (69.0° N, 35.7° E) and Sodankyla (67.37°N, 26.63°E) observatories, have been analyzed in order to detect earthquake responses. The strong earthquakes have been considered: one earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7 occurred at 0819:25 UT on July 17, 2006, on the western coast of Indonesia (9.33° S, 107.26° E), and another earthquake with a magnitude of 6.2 occurred 2253:59 UT on May 26, 2006, on Yava (7.94° S, 110.32° E). These earthquakes, the epicenters of which were located in the same region and at identical depths (10 km), were observed under quiet conditions in the geomagnetic field (ΣK p = 5.7 and 6.3) and during small solar flares. The response of the ionosphere to these flares was mainly observed in the parameters of the lower ionosphere in the D and E regions. It has been found out that the period of variations in the ordinary component of the partially reflected signal at altitudes of the E region increased before the earthquake that occurred on July 17, 2006. The f min variations at Sodankyla observatory started 20 h before the earthquake. The periods of these variations were 3–6 h. The same periods were found in the variations in other ionospheric parameters (foEs and h’Es). The variations in the ordinary component of partially reflected signals with periods of 2–5 hours were observed on the day of another earthquake (May 26, 2006). Internal gravity waves with periods of several hours, which can be related to the earthquakes, were detected in the amplitude spectra of the ordinary component of partially reflected signals and in other parameters in the lower ionosphere. 相似文献
3.
Two methods for diagnosing ionospheric disturbances using VLF signals received on the DEMETER satellite are considered in connection with two cases of high seismic activity: the method for analyzing a signal reception zone in order to find large-scale spatial variations and the residual signal method used to reveal time variations. Based on an analysis of the VLF signal reception zone, performed in connection with the catastrophic earthquake near Sumatra, it has been found out that the signal amplitude decreased during a month before the earthquake. As a result, it has been concluded that the zone of ionospheric disturbances extends for several thousand kilometers. It has been indicated that the residual signal method showed good agreement between the ground and satellite data when high seismic activity near Japan was analyzed. 相似文献
4.
M. J. S. Johnston 《Surveys in Geophysics》1997,18(5):441-476
New observations of magnetic, electric and electromagnetic field variations, possibly related to recent volcanic and seismic events, have been obtained on Mt. Unzen in Japan, Reunion Island in Indian Ocean, the Long Valley volcanic caldera in California, and for faults in China and Russia, California and several other locations. For volcanic events, contributions from different physical processes can be identified during the various eruption stages. Slow processes (weeks to months) include near-surface thermal demagnetization effects, piezomagnetic effects, and effects from rotation/displacement of magnetized material. Rapid processes (seconds to days) include piezomagnetic effects from instantaneous stress redistribution with explosive eruptions and electrokinetic effects from rupture of high pressure fluid compartments commonly encountered in volcanic regions. For seismic events, the observed coseismic offsets are instantaneous, provided care has been taken to ensure sensors are insensitive to seismic shaking and are in regions of low magnetic field gradient. Simple piezomagnetic dislocation models based on geodetically and seismically determined fault parameters generally match the observed signals in size and sign. Electrokinetic effects resulting from rupture of fluid filled compartments at hydrostatic to lithostatic pore pressures can generate transient signals in the frequency band 100 Hz to 0.01 Hz. However, large-scale fluid driven processes are not evident in near-field measurements in the epicentral region minutes to weeks before large earthquakes. The subset of ionospheric disturbances generated by trapped atmospheric pressure waves (also termed gravity waves and/or acoustic waves, traveling ionospheric disturbances or TID's) that are excited by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common and propagate to great distances. These are known and expected consequences of earthquakes, volcanic explosions (and other atmospheric disturbances), that must be identified and their effects removed from VLF/ULF electromagnetic field records before associating new observations of ionospheric disturbances with earthquake activity. 相似文献
5.
The possible seismic ionospheric effects before two strong earthquakes in Italy, which took place near Rome station (January 7, 1962, M = 6.0; April 5, 1998, M = 5.3), have been studied using the data of several European stations for ground-based vertical sounding of the ionosphere. An analysis of the behavior of the foF2 critical frequencies for the earthquake that occurred on January 7, 1962, made it possible to simultaneously consider the effects, originating during earthquake preparation under quiet geomagnetic conditions and caused by the magnetic strom that began on January 10, 1962, using a unified technique. It has been indicated that the distinguished precursor effects of two considered earthquakes with magnitudes not more than 6.0 are localized in the region with an epicentral distance of about 400 km, whereas the disturbances caused by the magnetic storm are of a planetary character. The amplitude of foF2 seismic ionospheric disturbances is much smaller than the maximal variations caused by the magnetic storm; however, the absolute value of this amplitude is a factor of 1.5 as large as the standard deivation from the monthly median. 相似文献
6.
A possible mechanism of earthquake triggering by ionizing radiation of solar flares is considered. A theoretical model and results of numerical calculations of disturbance of electric field, electric current, and heat release in lithosphere associated with variation of ionosphere conductivity caused by absorption of ionizing radiation of solar flares are presented. A generation of geomagnetic field disturbances in a range of seconds/tens of seconds is possible as a result of large-scale perturbation of a conductivity of the bottom part of ionosphere in horizontal direction in the presence of external electric field. Amplitude-time characteristics of the geomagnetic disturbance depend upon a perturbation of integral conductivity of ionosphere. Depending on relation between integral Hall and Pedersen conductivities of disturbed ionosphere the oscillating and aperiodic modes of magnetic disturbances may be observed. For strong perturbations of the ionosphere conductivities amplitude of pulsations may obtain ~102 nT. In this case the amplitude of horizontal component of electric field on the Earth surface obtains 0.01 mV/m, electric current density in lithosphere –10–6 A/m2, and the power density of heat release produced by the generated current is 10–7 W/m3. It is shown that the absorption of ionizing radiation of solar flares can result in variations of a density of telluric currents in seismogenic faults comparable with a current density generated in the Earth crust by artificial pulsed power systems (geophysical MHD generator " Pamir-2” and electric pulsed facility " ERGU-600”), which provide regional earthquake triggering and spatiotemporal variation of seismic activity. Therefore, triggering of seismic events is possible not only by man-made pulsed power sources but also by the solar flares. The obtained results may be a physical basis for a novel approach to solve the problem of short-term earthquake prediction based on electromagnetic triggering phenomena. 相似文献
7.
ＡｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅＵＬＦｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｅｌｅｃｔｒｏ－ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎＸｉｎｇ－ＣａｉＬＩ；（李兴才）Ｈｕｉ－ＸｉｎＣＡＯ；（曹惠馨）Ｔｉｅ－ＨｏｎｇＹＵ；（俞铁宏）ａｎｄＺｈｉ－ＹｏｎｇＣＨＥＮ；（＠２陈智勇）（Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ... 相似文献
8.
Feng Jiang Xiaobin Chen Yan Zhan Guoze Zhao Hao Yang Lingqiang Zhao Liang Qiao Lifeng Wang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2016,173(1):269-284
The shifting correlation method (SCM) is proposed for statistical analysis of the correlation between earthquake sequences and electromagnetic signal sequences. In this method, the two different sequences were treated in units of 1 day. With the earthquake sequences fixed, the electromagnetic sequences were continuously shifted on the time axis, and the linear correlation coefficients between the two were calculated. In this way, the frequency and temporal distribution characteristics of potential seismic electromagnetic signals in the pre, co, and post-seismic stages were analyzed. In the work discussed in this paper, we first verified the effectiveness of the SCM and found it could accurately identify indistinct related signals by use of sufficient samples of synthetic data. Then, as a case study, the method was used for analysis of electromagnetic monitoring data from the Minxian–Zhangxian ML 6.5 (MW 6.1) earthquake. The results showed: (1) there seems to be a strong correlation between earthquakes and electromagnetic signals at different frequency in the pre, co, and post-seismic stages, with correlation coefficients in the range 0.4–0.7. The correlation was positive and negative before and after the earthquakes, respectively. (2) The electromagnetic signals related to the earthquakes might appear 23 days before and last for 10 days after the shocks. (3) To some extent, the occurrence time and frequency band of seismic electromagnetic signals are different at different stations. We inferred that the differences were related to resistivity, active tectonics, and seismogenic structure. 相似文献
9.
本文利用DEMETER卫星VLF频段电场和磁场频谱数据对DEMETER卫星运行期间2005年至2009年澳大利亚甚低频(Very Low Frequency)通信台NWC发射的通信信号造成的电离层电磁响应的日变化、季节变化及年变化特征进行了统计分析,统计结果表明电磁响应日变化显著,夜间电场强度明显增强可达40dB,磁场变化略小也可为15dB左右,而季节变化不显著,年变化主要受太阳活动的影响,太阳活动越强,电磁响应越小.为解释数据分析结果,对地-电离层电磁波传播过程采用传递矩阵方法进行了模拟计算,模拟结果与数据分析的结果一致.我们认为这种随时间变化的特点可能由250km以下电离层电子密度分布特征导致,因此研究250km以下的电离层电子密度变化可能对寻找地震电离层电磁异常有重要意义. 相似文献
10.
ELECTROMAGNETIC ANOMALOUS PULSES BEFORE AND AFTER EARTHQUAKES(M>6.0) IN CHINA CONTINENT IN 2008 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 In this paper,we provided the electromagnetic anomaly phenomena prior to five earthquakes with magnitude MW>6.0 occurring in China continent in 2008.The electromagnetic data in frequency bands 800~0.1Hz are recorded at two stations located in Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (URQ) and Tonghai,Yunnan Province (TH).The time series of four horizontal components of the electromagnetic field at the stations are converted to the spectra using Fast Fourier Transform.The relationship between the electromagnetic anomalous phenomena and the earthquake events is studied through analyzing the temporal variation of electromagnetic spectra and comparing them with earthquake events.This study provides the new examples for electromagnetic anomaly phenomena before the earthquakes.The following features can be found.①The obvious anomalous power spectrum density (PSD) of electromagnetic fields in frequency band of 128~0.5Hz appeared before earthquakes.The anomalous PSD is related to the earthquake magnitude and the epicenter distance.The anomaly size of magnetic PSD is about 1-3 orders of magnitude bigger than the background field before Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake.② The changes of parameters are also related with frequency of the signal;The ELF signal strength observed at seismic stations is significantly related with distance between the stations or the measured magnetic and electrical field components and the source of earthquake.We also found that the field strength attenuated faster in area closer to the source than in far area.It is clear that the magnetic signals have higher signal noise ratio than the electric data.③ The amplitudes are also related with the azimuth of the earthquake to station and with the frequency of the data.④ The anomalous pulses showed cluster phenomenon in time. 相似文献
11.
本文收集了若干甘肃及邻区中强震前地震波速度比异常的资料,並初步总结了该区1970年至1983年发生的中强震前地震波速度异常的时空特性。也讨论了该区和其它地区地震波速度比异常特性的区别。十几年的工作表明,V_S/V_P观测资料应用到该区的地震预报中是有可能的。最后,简单地讨论了速度异常研究中的一些问题。 相似文献
12.
Numerical simulation of the variations in the total electron content of the ionosphere observed before the Haiti earthquake of January 12, 2010 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We present the results of a study of the abnormal variations in the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere observed before the earthquake of January 12, 2010, in Haiti. Global and regional maps of TEC relative (%) deviations from the quite background state are built for January 9–12, 2010. Using the UAM (Upper Atmosphere Model) global numerical model of the upper atmosphere of the Earth, the variations in the electric potential in the ionosphere and TEC are calculated using external seismic current above faults between the Earth and the ionosphere as a lower boundary condition. The numerical simulation results are compared with observations. It is shown that the simulated variations in the TEC at a specified current density of about 1 × 10?8 A/m2 on an area of 200 km (latitude) × 4000 km (longitude) above the focus represent all main features of the observations: prevalence of increased TEC values (positive disturbances), neighboring negative disturbances of lower magnitudes, localization, magnetic conjugacy of high-intensity effects in the Southern Hemisphere, and disappearance of disturbances around midday. Methodological recommendations are given to reveal variations in the TEC related to the preparation of seismic events. 相似文献
13.
本文首先清理了近年来我国一些中强地震前后波速比异常概况。在21个震例中,有7次震前提出过不同程度的预报意见,12次是震后总结发现异常的,2次震后总结未发现异常。其次,讨论了利用天然地震资料探索地震波速度异常的几个问题:(1)现有较密的区域电信传输台网需提高观测精度,使得较大的前兆异常量不致于被误差所掩盖;(2)使用多台和达法探索波速比异常时必须注意其方向性效应,而且,若能把单台波速比法与多台波速比法平行对照使用,效果可能更好些;(3)要注意远台与近台出现异常的早晚与反应的程度;(4)高值点反映地震前兆的信息较小,而低值却可能携带某些前兆信息;(5)不会有固定不变的异常区,应该考虑到异常区的变迁。 相似文献
14.
本文对菏泽地震为例,从频数及能量两方面对地震不均匀空间颁的分形特征进行研究,并探讨其预报含义。结果表明,地震频数及地震能量空间分布均表现出统计意义上的自相似特征,并且前者的分布结构较后者列为复杂。菏泽地震前几年的“降维”中视为中期预报的一个显著指标,而动态均值则可作为判断“降维”的一个较好标准;ｔ检验表明能量分布的降维较频数分布更为显著,并且其对中强地震孕育过程各阶段的反映似也列为灵敏,降维之后的 相似文献
15.
Seismoionospheric disturbances in the parameters of the ionospheric F 2 and sporadic E layers at the chain of the Japanese stations for vertical sounding of the ionosphere before strong crustal earthquakes with M>6.5 during the period from 1968 to 1992 have been considered. The dependence of the disturbance time of appearance in the ionospheric parameters on the earthquake magnitude and epicentral distance, obtained for each specific earthquake using the selected series of ionospheric stations, made it possible to consider these disturbances among medium-term precursors of earthquakes. The velocity of the disturbance front apparent motion has been determined based on the model of horizontal radially-isotropic disturbance propagation from the projection of the impending earthquake epicenter to the ionospheric altitudes. The conclusion has been made that the distinguished seismoionospheric disturbances follow the boundary of the earthquake preparation region, expanding on the Earth’s surface. 相似文献
16.
基于1900—2015年中国大陆地区浅源地震阴历目录,依据地震活跃特征确定固体潮调制阴历日期和调制比阈值,并利用固体潮调制比时空扫描方法回顾性地研究近年来西北地区发生的3次中强地震,即2013年甘肃岷县漳县MS6.6、2015年内蒙古阿拉善MS5.8和2016年青海门源MS6.4地震前, 区域小震的固体潮调制比时空演化过程.研究结果显示:岷县漳县MS6.6和阿拉善MS5.8地震前震中区域出现固体潮调制比异常,门源MS6.4地震前震中附近的固体潮调制比异常演化时间较长; 西北地区3次中强震均发生在固体潮调制比时空扫描的高值异常集中地区及周围区域,扫描时间窗长度和固体潮调制比异常区域的大小可能与中强震的强度有一定的相关性. 相似文献
17.
通过地震活动特征分析、 研究地震活动基本规律, 对于了解大地震的孕育过程及地震前兆有重要意义。 采用“RTL(Region-Time-Length)”算法和“区域网格点密集值”算法对河北地区中强震前的地震活动特征进行分析研究。 利用RTL算法对河北地区1970年以来的MS5.0以上地震在时间和空间上进行回顾性检验, 以震例6年前地震目录为计算数据。 时间扫描结果显示, 4次地震震前地震活动平静, 1次地震震前地震活动增强。 空间扫描结果给出了震例震前三年以1年尺度滑动的扫描图像, 与时间结果对应相吻合。 区域网格点密集值算法所选资料与RTL算法相同, 对研究震例中的三次较大地震(ML≥6.0)进行震前三年尺度滑动的空间扫描。 结果显示, 随着时间滑动, 截至发震前, 震中附近区域网格密集值逐渐减小, 趋于平静。 通过综合应用两种方法, 发现地震活动平静的低值点和地震活动增强的高值点对地震的发生有一定的指示意义。 相似文献
18.
19.
《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2007,69(13):1513-1523
In this study, the variations of average amplitude of the very-low-frequency (VLF) signal thunderstorm origin propagating over areas of strong (magnitude >5) earthquakes are considered. Despite the non-stationary state of thunderstorms, a decrease in the amplitude of its VLF signals was usually detected 3–6 days before an earthquake, with subsequent recovery on the day of the event. The effect is similar to the attenuation of the signal amplitude of low-frequency radio stations that is observed for several days before the occurrence of an earthquake. These influences of earthquakes on thunderstorm VLF signals are recorded along different paths (different azimuths and different distances to the earthquake epicenter). The probability that an earthquake of strong magnitude will induce changes in the thunderstorm VLF signal is 60–70%. 相似文献
20.
唐山7.8级地震震后异常综合分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对唐同山７．８级地震各前兆学科共１８９个测项的震后变化进行了归类统计与分析，讨论了震后变化的５种类型数量上的差异特征与后续地震的关系，分析了震后异常的分布特征与后续地震区及其地震活动异常的对应关系，认为利用前兆学科的震后变化的某些综合特征配合测震学进行了震后趋势判断有实用价值。 相似文献