共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
高煤阶煤与中低煤阶煤在孔隙结构特征方面存在明显差异,分形理论为定量描述高煤阶煤储层孔隙特征提供了有效手段。基于扫描电镜、压汞实验和孔渗测试,以华北地区最大镜质体反射率(Ro,max)在19%~295%之间的9个煤样为研究对象,采用分段回归的方法对各样品进行不同孔径段分形维数计算,并讨论了孔隙结构分形维数与孔隙体积百分比、Ro,max、孔隙度和渗透率的关系。结果表明,高煤阶煤微小孔发育,半封闭孔含量较高,孔隙连通性一般,且孔隙结构具有明显的分段分形特征,同一煤样的超大孔(孔隙半径r＞5 μm)、大孔(05 μm＜r＜5 μm)、中孔(005 μm＜r＜05 μm)和微小孔(r＜005 μm)的分形维数依次减小;各煤样超大孔、大孔、中孔分形维数均随Ro,max增加而增加,随对应孔隙体积百分比增加而减小;孔隙度或渗透率与超大孔、大孔和中孔、微小孔分形维数分别呈二次相关、线性正相关、负相关;各分形区间分形维数分布的偏度和峰度与孔隙度或渗透率分别呈高度正相关和负相关,这为高煤阶煤孔隙度、渗透率提供了理想的线性方程(y=ax+b)预测模型。 相似文献
3.
分形理论是宏观上定量评价储层非均质性的有效手段。以阳泉新景矿高煤级煤样品压汞数据为基础,建立分形几何模型,定量描述了孔隙结构。实验结果表明:样品孔隙以纳米孔为主,孔径、比表面积及孔容也集中分布在纳米孔段。煤样孔径65 nm以上的孔隙具有显著的分形特征,分维值分布范围为2.89~2.99,体积增量呈现阶段式的变化,孔隙结构复杂;孔径65 nm以下孔隙几乎无分形特征,比表面积增量与孔径在对数坐标中呈线性关系;基于分形特征及分子运动规律,将储层孔隙以孔径65 nm为界划分为扩散孔和渗透孔2个大类6个小类。分维值与体积孔隙中值半径、总孔隙体积呈负相关,与孔径65 nm以上的孔隙体积、比表面积呈正相关,与孔隙度无相关性。分形分维值对储层结构具有较全面的表征能力,可以作为综合指标在煤储层孔隙研究中加以应用。 相似文献
4.
《地质科技情报》2016,(5)
页岩孔隙结构具有良好的分形特征,孔隙结构的分形维数能定量描述孔隙结构的复杂程度。以辽河东部凸起为例,应用高压压汞方法研究了页岩孔隙结构及其不规则性,计算了页岩孔隙分形维数。研究结果表明,辽河东部凸起太原组页岩孔隙分形无标度区为0.09~60μm,孔隙分维数为2.378~3.007,随着分形维数的增大,页岩的非均质性增强,压汞实验得出的页岩孔径分布特征也证明了页岩的孔隙分形维数可以用来定量描述页岩储层岩石孔隙结构的微观非均质性;数学拟合表明分形维数与有机质含量相关性差,反映页岩中无机孔隙为主体孔隙类型;分形维数与石英含量呈较弱的正相关而与黏土矿物含量呈较强的负相关性,表明黏土矿物含量对页岩孔隙结构影响明显。分形维数与页岩的渗透率和孔隙度均具有很好的负相关性,分形维数越大,岩心的渗透率和孔隙度越小,表明分形维数越大,孔隙结构越趋于复杂,不利于气体的渗流和产出。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
针对深厚表土层对煤炭资源开采可能带来的安全生产及地表环境破坏问题,利用分形理论方法研究了鲁西南地区大埋深粘土的微孔隙发育规律。研究表明,该区深部粘土孔隙累计分布与孔径大小之间在双对数坐标下具良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.90以上。说明深部粘土中孔隙分布的分形结构是客观存在的,而分维值能真实地反映粘土孔隙特征,可作为一个综合指标,它也是土体孔隙定量描述的有效途径。这种粘土的孔径大于1μm左右时,其分维值在2.5~2.6。同时得出︰孔隙孔径2μm左右是该区深部粘土孔隙性质变化的界限。 相似文献
8.
目前“双碳”减排的背景下,砂岩咸水层是最具潜力的二氧化碳封存介质,其孔隙结构特征决定了流体的运移及封存效率,对其进行研究具有重要的科学意义。分形维数常用于定量表征砂岩孔隙结构在三维空间中的分布规律,但以往对砂岩孔隙迂曲度分形特征进行研究时,多依赖于孔隙率、平均孔隙半径、平均迂曲度等特征值计算分形维数,并不能很好的反映岩石孔隙排列分布及孔隙连接的非均质性。文章将砂岩孔隙结构概化为具有迂曲度的毛细管,首先通过核磁共振成像（MRI）技术获取岩石片层图像,以盒维数法获得孔径分布分形维数;随后以孔径分布分形维数为目标值,结合不同迂曲度下的毛细管数量与孔径的分形标量关系,迭代计算迂曲度分形维数。与传统的分形维数计算方法相比,该研究确定的迂曲度分形维数更能体现岩石内部不同孔隙排列方式引起的迂曲度差异。 相似文献
9.
煤的孔隙-裂隙结构特征是研究储层渗透性的关键问题。为了定量描述孔隙-裂隙结构的复杂程度,以黄陇侏罗纪煤田永陇矿区郭家河井田原生结构煤和碎裂结构煤为研究对象,基于压汞实验数据和扫描电镜（SEM）图像,采用Menger分形模型和计盒维数方法,分别计算不同煤体结构煤的孔隙-裂隙分形维数;同时采用不同孔径段的孔隙体积比作为权重值,计算得到孔隙综合分形维数,探讨孔隙-裂隙结构分形维数和渗透率之间的关系。研究结果表明,脆性构造变形作用对孔隙整体复杂性,裂隙孔、渗流孔复杂性以及微观裂隙复杂程度均具有积极改造作用,对吸附孔结构复杂性具有均一化作用;微观裂隙分形维数与渗透率具有较高非线性关系,脆性构造作用改造下形成的碎裂煤,其具有的孔隙-裂隙结构优势配比是决定储层高渗透性的关键。因此,建议优先考虑弱脆性变形的碎裂结构煤为主体的断层、向斜和背斜区域进行煤层气抽采。 相似文献
10.
研究石煤（腐泥煤）的孔渗特征,对于深入了解页岩气的吸附/解吸特征具有重要意义。基于分形几何原理,推导出煤岩不同类型孔隙和毛细管压力曲线的分形几何模型,并将孔隙分形维数分为渗透分维数和扩散分维数分别计算。根据压汞实验数据分析,利用双对数图计算了安康地区石煤孔隙结构的分形维数。研究结果表明:石煤渗透分维数Ds介于2.524~2.917,其与挥发分产率、水分含量、灰分产率和迂曲度呈正相关关系,与变质程度及平均孔径呈负相关关系;扩散分维数Dk介于2.488~2.931,其与变质程度、挥发分产率、水分含量和平均孔径呈正相关关系,与灰分产率和迂曲度呈负相关关系;在物性方面,渗透分维数随孔隙度增大而减小,渗透性的分形表征与扩散分维数呈负相关关系,这说明渗透孔越不均一,煤岩孔隙度就越大,而扩散孔的均一化程度可以为评价石煤储层物性提供重要依据。 相似文献
11.
Jianhui Yang Igor Bondino Mohamed Regaieg Arthur Moncorgé 《Computational Geosciences》2017,21(5-6):849-862
Pore network modelling (PNM) has been widely used to study the multiphase flow and transport in porous media. Although a number of recent papers discussed the PNM validation on core-scale parameters such as permeability, relative permeability and capillary pressure; quantitative predictive potential of PNM on pore by pore basis has rarely been studied. The aim of this paper is to present a direct comparison between PNM simulations and corresponding micro-model experiments at the same scale and the same geometry. A number of well-defined and constrained two-phase flow in porous medium experimental scenarios were utilized to validate the physics solving part in PNM (filling rules, capillary and viscous pressure). This work validates that a dynamic pore network flow solver can predict two-phase flow displacements for these experiments for drainage situations at both pore and plug scales. A glass-etched micro-model is used to quantify the accuracy of a dynamic PNM solver on pore and core levels. Two-phase drainage micro fluidic experiments at different flow conditions are performed on micro-models. PNM simulations are performed on the same pattern and flow conditions as used in micro-model experiments. The two-phase distribution extracted from experiment images is registered onto rsults of PNM simulations for direct pore to pore comparison. Pore-scale matching level is found at around 75 % for all three test cases. The matching level of core-scale parameters such as S w c and oil-phase permeability varies from case to case; the relative error to micro-model experiment measurements varies from 15 to 60 %. Possible reasons leading to discrepancies on core-scale parameters are discussed: missing considerations during validation of the combination of uncertainty in both simulator input parameters and experiments are seen as the principal factors. 相似文献
12.
13.
《岩土力学》2017,(Z2):41-50
为分析孔洞数量及孔径对大理岩力学特性的影响,对含不同孔洞数量及孔径的大理岩进行单轴压缩试验,并对破坏前后的试件进行CT扫描,研究其损伤裂纹空间分布特征。试验结果表明,孔洞数量及孔径对试件的强度参数、破坏形式及损伤程度等均有较大的影响,主要具体表现为(1)随着孔洞数量及孔径的增加,试件的弹性模量、峰值强度、起裂应力和起裂应力水平逐渐减小;(2)随着孔洞数量及孔径的增加,试件在破坏过程中的拉剪裂纹增多、远场裂纹减小,且在破坏后的破坏形式逐渐由拉剪破坏过渡到剪拉破坏,破坏后的损伤程度逐渐增加;(3)单轴压缩条件下的含孔试件,其破坏过程在试件的前后方向表现为由一方向另一方逐渐破坏,在试件的上下方向表现为由圆孔所在平面向上下两端逐渐破坏;(4)单轴压缩条件下的含孔岩样损伤分布在试件的前后方向上表现为由一方向另一方的逐渐减小,上下方向上则表现为由圆孔向上下两端逐渐减小,需注意的是由于损伤的叠加效应多孔试件在其上下方的最大损伤面并非位于圆孔处而是位于两圆孔的中间处。 相似文献
14.
虽然页岩气的勘探已经在北美以及中国取得了突破,但是对页岩中孔隙空间的形成与发育仍然存在较大的争议,页岩中是否存在有效的孔隙,这些孔隙与气体的赋存有何联系都需要解答。本文对不同地区、不同岩石类型以及不同热成熟度的页岩进行微观分析,对比前人的研究,同时结合四川盆地龙马溪组页岩的实际分析数据,将页岩划分为富有机质页岩和含粉砂质泥页岩。富有机质页岩中有机质纳米孔是主要的孔隙类型,同时也是气体聚集与吸附的主要空间,有机质孔隙度与有机质含量、热成熟度密切相关;含粉砂质泥页岩中以粒间、粒内溶蚀孔为主,由于有机质含量较少,因而受热成熟影响很小。对页岩的孔隙形成机理分析发现,富有机质页岩孔隙度与有机质含量呈正相关,特别是与初始有机碳含量密切相关,因此恢复初始有机碳的含量是评价页岩含气量与含气性的关键。在热演化程度较低时（Ro < 0.6%）,页岩中有机质孔隙不发育,页岩几乎不含气;随着热演化程度升高（Ro = 0.8%）,页岩微孔隙发育,此时页岩以吸附气为主;随着热演化程度增大（Ro > 1.2%）,微孔逐渐向中孔和宏观孔转化,总的比表面积减小,页岩中游离气含量开始增加,吸附气含量减少。 相似文献
15.
The mass of pore water present in the rock matrix of a crystalline rock mass is significant and its influence on fracture groundwater and future deep repositories needs to be understood. Yet, the rock matrix has a hydraulic transmissivity generally well below 10−10 m2 s−1 inhibiting sampling of pore water by conventional sampling techniques. Various innovative techniques for the chemical and isotopic characterisation of pore water in crystalline rocks are applied and evaluated. Direct sampling of pore water was facilitated by collecting seepage water in a specially designed borehole located at a depth of 420 m in the Äspö underground research laboratory (Äspö HRL), Sweden, over a period of 7.5 a. During the entire time span, seepage waters collected from different sampling sections showed constant, but individual chemical and isotopic compositions. Compositional differences compared to nearby fracture groundwaters indicate that the collected waters originated from the low-permeability rock mass without mutual influence via more conductive microfractures within the metre scale. They are interpreted as representing pore water in a transient state of diffusive interaction with different types of old palaeowaters which have periodically characterised the fracture network at the Äspö HRL over geological times (thousands to hundreds of thousands of years). 相似文献
16.
The effectiveness of carbon capture and geologic storage depends on many factors, including and especially the permeability of the reservoir’s caprock. While caprock integrity is generally assumed if petroleum has been preserved, it is poorly constrained in reservoirs containing only saline waters, and CO2 leakage poses a potential risk to shallow aquifers. Naturally-occurring He accumulates in pore waters over time with the concentration being strongly dependent on the long term flux of fluid through the caprock. Furthermore, a small fraction of pore-water He diffuses into quartz and this may be used as a proxy for He concentrations in pore water, where dissolved gas samples are difficult to obtain, such as in deep sedimentary basins. In this paper He contained in quartz grains is measured and compared to previously measured pore water concentrations. Quartz was purified from core samples from the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and the Great Artesian Basin, South Australia. Quartz separates were heated at 290 °C to release He from the quartz. The quartz from the San Juan Basin and high purity quartz from the Spruce Pine Intrusion, North Carolina was repeatedly impregnated at varying pressures using pure He, heated and analyzed to build He sorption isotherms. The isotherms appear linear but vary between samples, possibly due to fluid inclusions within the quartz grains as high purity quartz samples partition only 1.5% of He that partitions into San Juan Basin samples. Concentrations of He in the pore water were calculated using the He-accessible volume of the quartz and the air–water He solubility. The mean San Juan Basin He pore water concentration was 2 × 10–5 cc STP He/g water, ∼400 times greater than atmospheric solubility. Great Artesian Basin samples contain a mean He concentration of 3 × 10–6 cc STP He/g water or 65 times greater than atmospheric solubility. However, pore water He concentrations in both the San Juan and Great Artesian Basins differ by up to an order of magnitude compared to samples collected with an alternate method. The reason for the offset is attributable to either partial saturation of the pore volume or a lack of He equilibrium between quartz and pore water. Coating of clay or other mineral phases on quartz grains, which tends to reduce the effective diffusion coefficient, may cause the latter. This technique of assessing permeability is promising due to the abundance of existing core samples from numerous basins where carbon sequestration may ultimately occur. 相似文献
17.
Kido Ryunosuke Higo Yosuke Takamura Fukushi Morishita Ryoichi Khaddour Ghonwa Salager Simon 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(7):1745-1761
Acta Geotechnica - Water retention characteristics are important for modeling the mechanical and hydraulic behavior of partially saturated sand. It is well known that the soil water characteristic... 相似文献
18.
页岩气储层作为一种非常规储集体,对于其孔隙类型,目前国际上尚没有统一分类方案。由于其孔隙结构的特殊性,常规孔隙表征方法也难以对页岩气储层的孔隙特征进行有效的表征。为此,在充分调研和系统总结国际上有关页岩气储层孔隙分类现状的基础上,结合页岩储层的特殊性,提出了页岩气储层孔隙的产状结构综合分类方案。该方案综合考虑了孔隙定性观察和定量测定的信息。根据定性观察的孔隙产状,把页岩气储层的孔隙类型划分为与岩石颗粒发育无关的和与岩石颗粒发育有关的两个大类。前者即为裂缝孔隙,后者为岩石基质孔隙。岩石基质孔隙大类又进一步分成了发育在颗粒和晶体之间的粒间孔隙、包含在颗粒边界以内的粒内孔隙和发育在有机质内的有机质孔隙。年轻的浅埋藏沉积物中只含有粒间和粒内孔隙,这些孔隙随着埋藏和压实而大大减少。随着埋深的增加,伴随着烃类的热成熟,有机孔隙开始发育,同时,随着烃类热成熟过程中有机酸的排放,导致溶解孔隙的形成。再结合定量测定的孔隙结构信息,把孔隙划分为微孔隙、中孔隙和宏孔隙。综合上述不同产状孔隙类型的结构特征,即构成了文中的产状结构综合分类。同时,鉴于页岩气储层的特殊性以及难以用研究常规油气储层的方法和手段进行表征,文中介绍了目前最常用的页岩气储层孔隙表征的定性半定量观测和定量检测方法。前者包括透射电子显微镜、聚焦离子束抛光和场发射扫描电子显微镜方法,后者包括压汞分析、低压氮气吸附、低压二氧化碳吸附和核磁共振等方法。 相似文献
19.
伊拉克艾哈代布油田白垩系生物铸模孔及体腔孔发育的灰岩储层特征及成因分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
伊拉克地区艾哈代布油田白垩系(含)生物灰岩的生物铸模孔和体腔孔普遍发育,是主要的储集空间。本文综合利用铸体薄片观察、物性实验数据和压汞曲线等资料对该类储层的特征和成因进行分析。生物铸模孔以绿藻铸模孔为主,常发育在生物碎屑滩和藻屑滩中;发育的体腔孔主要为底栖有孔虫和浮游有孔虫体腔孔,在滩间凹地及台坪中常见。研究区灰岩储层的平均孔隙度在20%～25%,为中高孔储层,渗透率与孔隙结构和孔隙组合类型密切相关。生物铸模孔和晶间微孔组合储层的孔隙结构相对较好,平均渗透率约在2×10-3～10×10-3μm2之间,为中高孔-中低渗储层;体腔孔和晶间微孔组合储层的孔隙结构相对较差,平均渗透率小于2×10-3μm2,属于中高孔低渗储层。生物铸模孔及体腔孔灰岩储层的发育受控于沉积环境和同生期溶蚀作用。藻屑滩沉积在较局限的环境,因同生期的暴露溶蚀作用,发育铸模孔。滩间凹地、台坪等相对静水环境沉积物中有孔虫含量较高,原生的有孔虫体腔孔发育。由于这两类孔隙分布相对"孤立",主要靠晶间隙连通,形成了储层的中高孔和低渗透的特征。 相似文献
20.
Two approaches of generating pore networks of porous media are presented to capture the pore fabric. The first methodology extracted pore structure from a computer simulated packing of spheres. The modified Delaunay tessellation was used to describe the porous media, and modified Nelder–Mead method in conjunction with three pore‐merging algorithms was used to generate the pore size and coordination number distributions of the randomly packed spheres. The Biconical Abscissa Asymmetric CONcentric bond was used to describe the connection between two adjacent voids. This algorithm was validated by predicting pore structure of a cubic array of spheres of equal radius with known pore sizes, throat sizes and coordination number distributions. The predicted distributions of pore structure agreed well with the measured. Then, the algorithm was used to predict pore structure and permeability of randomly packed spherical particles, and predicted permeability values were compared with published experimental data. The results showed that the predicted permeability values were in good agreement with those measured, confirming the proposed algorithm can capture the main flow paths of packed beds. The second methodology generated an equivalent pore network of porous media, of which the centers of voids were located in a regular lattice with constant pore center distance. However, this network allowed for matching both main geometrical and topological characteristics of the porous media. A comparison of the two approaches suggested that the second approach can also be used as a predictive tool to quantitatively study the microscopic properties of flow through porous media. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献