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本文以中国地震局分析预报中心在APnet网上发布的地震目录为基础,对照<中国地震年鉴>、<中国震例>和哈佛大学的CMT目录,逐一筛选编制了一个包括震型(包括孤立型、主余型、多震型)、震级(包括面波震级和体波震级)、主压(张)应力P(T)轴方向、主破裂面等参数在内的震源参数目录.震级(面波震级)和地震类型采用<中国震例>或<中国地震年鉴>中的结果,体波震级、主压(张)应力P(T)轴方向采用CMT目录结果,大多数主破裂面参数是根据<中国震例>或<中国地震年鉴>中发表的主破裂面方向,选用CMT目录中相应的节面参数,少数地震的主破裂面参数是根据<中国地震年鉴>中发表的烈度分布的长轴方向,在CMT目录中选用相应的一个节面参数.在筛选过程中,对震群型地震只选用其中一个地震列入本研究的震源参数目录中,这样一共筛选出了101次地震.根据地震主破裂面的滑动角λ把发震断层分为走滑断层、逆断层和正断层三种情况,相应地把这三种性质断层上发生的地震分别称为走滑断层地震、正断层地震和逆断层地震. 相似文献
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本文根据西德戈丁根(Goettingen)台自1903年装置维肖尔式地震仪以来,连续观测的八十余年记录,选编了中国及其邻区的地震目录。另一方面又根据中国自己编制的中国地震目录已有的几种版本中,汇编了一份1903——1985年M7.0地震最新公布的数据的目录。本文对这两套目录所提供的地震次数及其参数,作了初步对比。为研究中国仪器记录地震所测参数的时间连贯性提供了一个重要机会。本文同时还列出了上述各个中国地震在目前世界上最主要的十四种地震目录中所给出的参数。这使我们能在纵(1903——1985年同一仪器的连续记录中),横(戈丁根台目录、中国目录以及世界主要的十四种目录)两方面来研究中国地震。 相似文献
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福建省历史强震目录的复核与评述 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
１９９５年出版的《中国历史强震目录》对１９８８年出版的《中国地震简目》所收录的福建历史强震目录作了全面的修订。增、删、改地震１６次,占原目录同一时段地震数的６１．５％。本文通过核查,分析地震史料,利用中国东部烈度衰减规律,参考现今闽台地震的实际烈度资料,并考虑台湾强震波及影响,对历史强震参数变动较大的１１次地震进行了复核与评述,认为其大部分地震参数的变动是需要商榷的。为此,对所增、删、改的地震分别 相似文献
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全球大地震及中国中强地震目录(1999年 1～3月) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应广大读者要求,我们从1999年开始定期公布全球 7级以上大地震和中国 4级以上中强地震目录.地震参数取自中国地震局分析预报中心的<中国地震速报台网观测报告>和<中国地震月报目录>. 相似文献
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应广大读者要求 ,我们定期公布全球 7级以上大地震和中国 4级以上中强地震目录。地震参数取自中国地震局分析预报中心的《中国地震速报台网观测报告》和《中国地震月报目录》。其中 :发震时间为北京时 ( BJT) ;震中位置除给出经纬度外还给出了参考地区名 ,以供查阅时参考 ;震源深度 33N表示该地震为通常意义上的浅源地震 ;震级 MS为面波震级 ,ML 为近震震级 ,MW为矩震级 (取自美国 PDE报告 )。表 1 世界地震目录 (2 0 0 0年 1 0～ 1 2月 ,M≥ 7.0 )编号 发震时间 月 -日 -时 :分 :秒 震中位置 φ/ (°) λ/ (°) 深度/ km… 相似文献
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历史地震目录修订问题 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国地震目录历经四次大规模的修订,已渐趋完善,然而,由于资料的不足和认识的差异,对地震目录中,特别是历史地震目录中一些参数的确定,甚至地震的增删,还存在不同看法和外议,给实际使用造成一定困难。本文针对目前历史地震目录确定中存在的多观点状态,提出四个方面的问题,希望引起历史地震工作者讨论,以期共同制定一个能为大家接受的历史地震参数确定方法的规约。 相似文献
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应广大读要求,我们定期公布全球7级以上大地震和中国4级以上地震目录。地震参数取自中国地震局分析预报中心的“中国地震速报台网观测报告”和“中国地震月报目录”。其中：发震时间为北京时(BJT);震中位置除给出经纬度外还给出了参考地区名,以供查阅时参考;震级Ms为面波震级、ML为近震震级、Mw为矩震级(取自美国PDE报告)。 相似文献
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应广大读者要求,我们定期公布全球 7级以上大地震和中国 4 级以上中强地震目录.地震参数取自中国地震局分析预报中心的<中国地震速报台网观测报告>和<中国地震月报目录>.其中:发震时间为北京时(BJT);震中位置除给出经纬度外还给出了参考地区名,以供查阅时参考;震源深度33N表示该地震为通常意义上的浅源地震;震级MS为面波震级,ML为近震震级,MW为矩震级(取自美国PDE报告). 相似文献
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应广大读者要求 ,我们定期公布全球 7级以上大地震和中国 4级以上中强地震目录。地震参数取自中国地震局分析预报中心的“中国地震速报台网观测报告”和“中国地震月报目录”。其中 :发震时间为北京时 (BJT) ;震中位置除给出经纬度外还给出了参考地区名 ,以供查阅时参考 ;震源深度 33N表示该地震为通常意义上的浅源地震 ;震级 MS为面波震级、ML为近震震级、MW为矩震级 (取自美国 PDE报告 )。表 1 世界地震目录 (2 0 0 1年 4～ 6月 ,M≥ 7.0 )编号发震时间月 -日 -时 :分 :秒震中位置φ/(°)λ/(°)深度/km震 级MS MW地 区1 0… 相似文献
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Peaks in the Cascade Range in northern Washington State are on average ～800 m higher than in southern Washington. The influences of differential valley excavation and variations in hillslope length and average slope on these altitudinal trends were tested using a 3‐dimensional model for isostatic rock uplift and calculations of hillslope length and slope respectively. The magnitude of isostatic peak uplift calculated by the model is highly dependent on the flexural rigidity (D) and the related effective elastic thickness (Te) of the crust of this region. Crustal rigidity was constrained using published estimates and by estimating the depth of the seismogenic zone in the area (D > 1 × 1023 Nm and Te > 24 km). With these constraints, isostatic compensation due to differential erosion added < 700 m and 300 m, or < 25% overall, of height to peaks in the northern and southern Cascades, respectively. Deeper valley incision in the northern Cascades accounts for < 300 m of the 800 m difference in peak altitudes between north and south. Similarly, variation in valley spacing and slope account for < 350 m of the difference in mean altitude between northern and southern regions. Hence, at least several hundred m difference in altitude between the northern and southern regions of the Cascades in Washington must be due to tectonic, geologic, or geophysical factors rather than surficial and geomorphic effects like isostatic response to valley incision and hillslope geometry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A list of volcanic eruption plumes observed to ascend into or near the stratosphere since 1883 shows that the volcanoes divide readily into two groups, one at low and one at higher latitudes. A model for the rise of a buoyant volcanic plume rise as applied to volcanic eruptions is corrected for realistic temperature profiles and for the finite vertical extent of the resultant debris clouds. The utility of the model can be questioned, however, owing to the highly uncertain and variable nature of the efficiency of use of heat energy of buoyant rise. The observed correlation of stratospheric plumes with climatic effects indicates that those plumes nearer the equator have the largest impact on surface temperatures. Analysis of the observations also suggests that injection of debris into the stratosphere is more important in determining the effect on climate than either the total volcanic explosivity of the eruption or the actual height reached within the stratosphere. 相似文献
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《Marine pollution bulletin》1986,17(3):113-117
Ni, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Fe were determined in water and suspended matter samples and Mn in suspended matter samples from the Southern Bight region of the North Sea. Four distinct areas, comprising the Rhine estuary, the Dutch coastal waters, the centre of the Bight, and the English coastal water can be distinguished on the basis of the distribution of the trace metals. The total concentrations of all metals were high in the Rhine estuary, decreased in a seaward direction to reach very low values, comparable to continental shelf water, in the centre of the Bight, and increased again towards the English coast. Elevated concentrations of dissolved Cu, Ni, Cd and Zn near the English coast are not only due to river inputs. Over the entire region, the fraction of Cd, Ni and Zn in solution was consistently more important than the fraction in the suspended particulate phase. In contast, the fraction of Fe and Mn in the solid phase was consistently greater than the fraction in solution. Total concentrations of Fe, Mn and Cu are more dictated by the suspended particulate matter concentration than Cd, Ni and Zn. 相似文献
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Barry Saltzman 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1964,57(1):153-160
Summary A possible formal approach to a closed steady-state theory of the mean axially-symmetric variables is outlined. The approach involves alternating iterative solutions of the energy and momentum equations. In these equations the effects of transient eddy phenomena of all frequencies are assumed to be parameterized in terms of the mean symmetric variables. 相似文献
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The earth's largest positive geoid height anomalies are associated with subduction zones and hotspots. Although the correlation with subduction has been noted for many years, the correlation with hotspots is fully evident only when the subduction-related geoid highs are removed from the observed field. Using the assumption that subducted lithospheric slabs are uncompensated and are thermally re-equilibrated with the asthenosphere at the maximum depth of earthquakes, the expected geoid anomaly over subduction zones is calculated. This field provides a satis-factory fit to the observed circum-Pacific high. Subtraction of this predicted anomaly leaves a residual field which is correlated, at greater than the 99% confidence level, with the distribution of hotspots. Broad residual geoid highs occur over the central Pacific and the Africa/eastern Atlantic regions, the same areas where the hotspots are concentrated. The mass anomalies associated with hotspots and subducted slabs apparently control the location of the earth's spin axis. 相似文献
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Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb were determined in filtered water, suspended particulate matter, and bottom sediments from a 2000 km section of the Ob and Irtysh Rivers. Dissolved Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni concentrations are similar to, or higher than, results from other Russian Arctic and large world river-estuaries. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb in suspended particulate matter are generally comparable to results from other Russian Arctic and large world rivers and estuaries. Comparison of trace metal ratios in crustal material and suspended particulate matter and bottom sediment suggests that the source of Cr, Cu and Ni is continental weathering. Particulate Cd and Pb are elevated relative to their crustal abundance, suggesting a source of these metals to the Ob-Irtysh in addition to continental weathering. 相似文献
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Pore water testing and analysis: the good,the bad,and the ugly 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
The increasingly common practice of collecting and assessing sediment pore water as a primary measure of sediment quality is reviewed. Good features of this practice include: pore water is a key exposure route for some organisms associated with sediments; pore water testing eliminates particle size effects; pore water analyses and tests can provide useful information regarding contamination and pollution. Bad features include: pore water is not the only exposure route; pore water tests lack chemical or biological realism: their "sensitivity" relative to other tests may be meaningless due to manipulation and laboratory artifacts; many sediment and surface dwelling organisms are not directly influenced by pore water. Bad features can become ugly if: other exposure pathways are not considered (for toxicity or bioaccumulation); manipulation techniques are not appropriate; pore water tests are inappropriately linked to population-level effects. Pore water testing and analyses can be effective tools provided their limitations are well understood by researchers and managers. 相似文献