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1.
半无限含水层中带衬砌隧洞渗流解析研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
现有关于半无限含水层中隧洞渗流的解析解不能考虑衬砌部分排水的特性。假定土体和衬砌均为饱和均匀连续介质,采用土体与衬砌分算;利用复变函数解决孔口问题基本方法,对土体采用共形映射坐标变换,将土体中的渗流方程转换为与衬砌部分类似的二维Laplace方程圆环域的Dirichlet问题;通过Fourier解法,根据边界条件并利用流量连续条件,求得半无限空间中带衬砌隧洞渗流量和衬砌周边水头解析解答。分析了径深比、土体与衬砌渗透系数相对值、内壁水压力等因素对渗流量和衬砌周边水头的影响,并与数值算例进行了比较。结果表明,对浅埋隧洞该解析解仍具有较好的精度,是简便、实用的计算方法。 相似文献
2.
This paper presents an analytical evaluation on the influence of foam conditioning on groundwater inflow at shield tunnel cutting face by the force-equilibrium principle. Three key variables are highlighted, namely, the maximum foam infiltration distance, the critical infiltration distance, and the hydraulic conductivity of foam-conditioned soil or rock fissure. To capture the variation of water level induced by foam injection, a dynamic water-level equation is considered in the force-equilibrium principle. The proposed analytical equations are employed to analyze a water inflow case during shield tunneling in a weathered mylonite fault. The results indicate that the hydraulic conductivity of foam-conditioned mylonite and the infiltration distance decrease with an increase of shear stress of foam fluid. A three-dimensional finite element model is employed to validate the analytical solutions. The comparison between the observed and calculated results confirms that the proposed method can predict groundwater inflow in foam-conditioned soils. 相似文献
3.
Analytical and empirical methods used in current engineering practice for estimating inflow rate into a tunnel do not adequately account for the effect of groundwater level drawdown which triggers changes of the flow pattern as well as reductions of the hydraulic head. When there is no reservoir or a large body of water near the tunnel alignment, the groundwater recharge above the tunnel might not be fast enough to avoid a significant excavation-induced water level drawdown. This paper provides analytical methods for estimating groundwater inflow rate taking into account the groundwater table drawdown. The proposed analytical solutions presented here compare well with field observations as well as with results from numerical analysis using distinct element method which can adequately simulate the hydro-mechanically coupled behavior of joints in a rock mass. 相似文献
4.
Tunnelling and Hydrogeological Issues: A Short Review of the Current State of the Art 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Since the 1960s, there has been an increasing interest in the understanding of the hydraulic flow inside a hard rock mass, since water inflow into deep tunnels constitute a hazard, in addition to being an important factor in controlling the advancement of excavation. The characterisation of fluid flow through hard rock masses is still one of the most challenging problems faced by geologists and engineers. A rock mass is characterised by networks of discrete and ubiquitous discontinuities that strongly affect its hydraulic properties, but detailed knowledge of the discontinuity properties allows for the evaluation of the hydraulic flow in the rock mass affected by the excavation of a tunnel. A geostructural field survey is fundamental in order to correctly define the discontinuity types, settings and networks. Numerous approaches have been proposed to estimate the water inflow based on empirical relations supported by field experience and case studies, as well as analytical solutions. Often, however, these approaches are not easily applicable in standard practice and in complex scenarios. The most appropriate approach to characterising the hydraulic flow of the rock mass and to predicting in the most effective way the expected water inflow during the excavation of a tunnel is based on a detailed geological model and geostructural analysis as described in this paper. 相似文献
5.
多孔介质非饱和导水率是地下水污染预测与评价的重要参数。根据分形几何的基本原理和方法,推导出了与Campbell经验公式在形式上完全一致的多孔介质非饱和导水率的预测公式。公式中的幂指数为介质孔隙分维和随机行走分维的函数,分别体现了多孔介质的静态性质与动态性质对其中水分运动的影响,但静态性质的影响是主要的,即导水率主要受多孔介质的结构控制。根据文献中报道的大量数据,利用笔者推导的预测公式计算得到的幂指数的统计值与试验测定的幂指数的统计值基本一致,说明推导的理论公式预测多孔介质非饱和导水率是较为可靠的。 相似文献
6.
根据水位条件、施工工艺和防排水设计原则将隧道渗流计算围岩透水边界条件大致划分为4种类型,并分析了不同透水边界条件适应的施工工况。基于复变函数理论和保角映射方法,推导得出4种透水边界条件下隧道围岩内任一点孔隙水压力和隧道涌水量解析计算公式,通过与数值解的对比,印证了解析解的准确性。在此基础上,根据不同透水边界条件下隧道涌水量和围岩关键点孔隙水压力随埋深直径比（ ）的变化规律,分析了透水边界条件的变化对浅埋隧道和深埋隧道的影响,并探讨了浅埋水下隧道渗流计算中透水边界条件的选取。相关结论与认识对于隧道渗流计算和排水设计具有一定的指导作用和参考价值。 相似文献
7.
Anisotropy and bedding effects on the hydro geological regime in a confined aquifer to design an appropriate dewatering system 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A. Aryafar F. Doulati Ardejani Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2009,6(4):563-570
Prediction of groundwater inflow into mining excavations is very important in order to design an effective dewatering system to keep the mine workings dry and create prolonged cone of depression. The effects of anisotropy ratio and bedding on the hydraulic head and drawdown curves of a dewatering test carried out in a fully penetrating well in a confined aquifer have been investigated. An existing numerical finite element model has been used to perform the simulations. The results of the numerical model are compared to those from analytical Jacob and Lohman solution for estimating hydraulic heads and drawdown curves. It was found that the anisotropy ratio and bedding should not have a significant effect on drawdown and the quantity of inflow into a confined aquifer. It was further found that taking the simultaneous effects of anisotropy and bedding into account reduces the differences in the results of analytical and numerical methods. Comparison of the field data and model predictions showed that, the modelling results for a three layer anisotropic aquifer fit well to the field data than those results obtained for a single layer aquifer and the relative error decreased from 4.81 % to 2.98 %. 相似文献
8.
Ali Aalianvari Homayoon Katibeh Mostafa Sharifzadeh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(2):275-284
Water inflow and water pressure controls are needed in the design, construction, and exploitation of tunnels. The objective of this paper is to present a new system which can be appropriate for rating tunnel sites to evaluate the potential of groundwater inflow according to the preliminary site investigation data. In this paper, an evaluation model based on combining the analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy Delphi method has been presented for assessing tunnel site rating from the groundwater hazard point of view. This research treats the tunnel site classification as a group decision problem and applies the fuzzy logic theory as the criterion to calculate the weighting factors. Afterward, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine the amount of groundwater inflow into tunnels. Results of several case studies in various geological conditions roughly show that it can be used to determine the groundwater inflow into tunnels. The introduced method has been examined successfully in Ghomroud tunnel. Results from the proposed method, analytical equations, and observed groundwater inflow into Ghomrud tunnel have been compared. Results show that, because most of parameters regulating groundwater inflow into tunnels have been considered in the method, results from the method are very close to the observed groundwater inflow. Applying this method, according to preliminary investigations conducted by the designers, provides a more suitable design of the drainage system, drilling method, and tunnel support. 相似文献
9.
A. J. Desbarats 《Mathematical Geology》1994,26(1):1-21
Steady-state radial flow in three-dimensional heterogeneous media is investigated using a geostatistical approach. The goal of the study is to develop a model of the relationship between corescale hydraulic conductivities measured at the wellbore and the conductivity of the surrounding drainage region as measured by a larger scale flow experiment such as a pump test. Conductivity at the point or core-scale is modeled as a stationary and multivariate lognormal spatial random function. Conductivity of the drainage region is obtained by a weighted nonlinear spatial average over the point-scale values within. This empirical spatial averaging process is shown to yield excellent approximations of true effective drainage region conductivities calculated using a numerical flow model. The geostatistical model for point-scale conductivity and the spatial averaging process are used to determine the first and second order ensemble moments of drainage region conductivity. In particular, an expression is derived for the conditional expectation of drainage region conductivity given point-scale values measured at the wellbore. The results are illustrated in a case study of a well from a sandstone oil reservoir where both core and transient-test conductivity data from the same interval are available for comparison. 相似文献
10.
广东地区某公路岩溶隧道水害分析及其数值模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
结合岩溶区公路隧道的实际情况,研究隧道涌水量计算的关键因素,并通过降水量、降水强度和入渗强度定量分析隧道涌水量。文章根据大宝山的实际情况,采用降水入渗法和地下径流模数法计算隧道两侧洞口段雨季涌水量,针对强降水过程,分析隧道可能出现的最大涌水量。研究结果表明:隧道排水能力理论上可满足降雨的排水要求,但实际排水能力受工程施工材料、工程的不均匀性以及长期的淤堵等因素影响。文章明确了广东地区公路岩溶隧道水害影响因素,考虑临界状态和破坏状态的水压力建立岩溶隧道涌水模拟模型,水压力临界值随隧道衬砌结构厚度的增加逐渐增大。 相似文献
11.
Analytical approach for time‐dependent groundwater inflow into shield tunnel face in confined aquifer 
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下载免费PDF全文 Prediction of time‐dependent groundwater inflow into a shield tunnel is a significant task facing engineers. Published literature shows that there is no available method with which to predict time‐dependent groundwater inflow into a tunnel. This paper presents a prediction approach for time‐dependent groundwater inflow into a tunnel in both anisotropic and isotropic confined aquifers. The proposed solution can predict groundwater inrush from the tunnel cutting face. To obtain the time‐dependent groundwater flow quantity, the concept of a horizontal‐well pumping test based on the theory of a point source is adopted. Multiple factors, eg, drawdown, thickness of aquifer, conductivities, and specific storage, are taken into account. Both groundwater inflow to the cross section of a tunnel face in the y‐z plane and total tunnel inflow are obtained. Based on the proposed approach, the time‐dependent groundwater inflow to a tunnel can be classified as either a uniform or non‐uniform flow. The proposed approach is applied to analyse groundwater inflow of 2 field cases: (1) Metro line No. 7, Guangzhou City and (2) an underground tunnel in Huizhou, Guangdong Province. Results show that the proposed method can predict the measured values, and drawdown‐related curves are also derived. In addition, the calculated results also reveal that the effect of hydraulic conductivity kz on the total groundwater inflow differs from that of hydraulic conductivities kx and ky and the thickness of the aquifer. 相似文献
12.
特长岩溶隧道涌水预测的系统辨识方法 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
本文首先对隧道标高附近及其以上庞大空间内的岩溶水进行系统识别与划分，同时完成对每个系统结构与功能的不同精度的描述。根据各个系统与隧道的空间关系及其它相关信息，确定系统向隧道供水的可能性，并进行分级；根据可能成为隧道充水水源的系统的径流量及导水通道的水力学特征，对隧道涌水量作出预测。本文通过地球化学、深部物探及常规勘探等手段，利用上述方法对正在建设的渝怀铁路圆梁山特长隧道的涌水量及隧道疏干影响范围进行了评估。 相似文献
13.
For accurately calculating the maximum saturated depth over the landfill barrier and analyzing the variation of liquid head with inflow time, a new method is presented that considers the unsteady-state condition. Based on the principle of water balance and the extended Dupuit assumption, the solution of the new method can be calculated. Also, this method is capable of revealing the effect of the multilayered drainage media. One of the advantages of the method presented in this paper is that it can be used to draw a phreatic surface in layered drainage media under unsteady-state condition and estimate the location of the maximum liquid depth, for both homogeneous conditions and two-layered drainage conditions. Based on the developed analysis method, the effects of a parametric variation on the maximum saturated depth and the variation of saturated depth with time are presented. The calculated results show that with the increase of slope gradients of cover system, the saturated depth of cover system is easy to reach a stable value. Moreover, when the drainage layer consists of two layers with different thickness and hydraulic conductivity, the increase of hydraulic conductivity of the upper drainage layer will make it easier for the saturated depth of cover system to reach a stable and lower value. 相似文献
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15.
One of the primary geotechnical problems encountered during tunnel construction involves the inflow of groundwater into the tunnel. Heavy inflows make tunnel construction difficult and result in higher costs and delays in construction period. Therefore, it is essential to estimate the volume and rate of water inflow that is likely to appear in the tunnel. In this research, water inflow to the tunnel was calculated using numerical hydromechanical analysis. Effect of rock mass properties including fracture characteristics (normal and shear stiffness, hydraulic aperture, dilation angle, and fracture nonlinear behavior) on inflow was studied using a two-dimensional distinct element method. Results show that fracture properties play important role in inflow to the tunnel and must be considered in prediction of inflow to the tunnel. Based on numerical analysis results, inflow of groundwater into the tunnel increases with the increasing of normal and shear stiffness, dilation angle, and hydraulic aperture of rock mass fractures. The measured inflow with considering nonlinear fracture behavior was more than the calculated inflow with linear constitutive behavior. 相似文献
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渗透系数是表征裂隙岩体透水性能的一个重要参数,当水压力较小时,岩体的渗透系数变化不明显,但在高水压力条件下,岩体的渗透系数会发生明显变化,这给我们在进行渗流分析时带来了一定的困难,因为多数情况下是将渗透系数当作定值来计算的。在高压水条件下,基于非达西流方程,推导了裂隙岩体的渗透系数与水压力之间的表达式,并给出了常规压水或低水压力、高压压水时水力劈裂前后渗透系数的计算公式。现场压水试验结果表明,当岩体发生水力劈裂后,渗透系数增加明显,此时可以通过压水量和水压力的变化量来计算裂隙岩体的渗透系数。通过几个抽水蓄能电站的高压压水试验结果验证了裂隙岩体水力劈裂前后渗透系数的变化规律,并与实际裂隙岩体的渗透系数进行了比较,其误差在10%左右,表明本文给出的渗透系数表达式的合理性和准确性,为水利水电工程的渗流分析及渗漏量的计算提供了渗透系数选择的依据。 相似文献
18.
涌水灾害问题广泛存在于隧洞工程的建设之中,它直接关系到施工进度、洞室稳定性及人身安全。目前国内外学者研究出大量的隧洞涌水量预测计算方法,但不同计算方法具有不同的适用条件和优缺点,选取合理的计算方法对于计算结果的准确性至关重要。本文将当前广泛应用的隧洞涌水量预测计算方法分类总结为4种:经验公式法、解析公式法、数值计算法和物理模拟法。经验公式法多来源于大量工程案例的总结,着重于相似地质条件下隧洞涌水量计算;解析公式法则基于严密的理论推导过程,计算过程快速简洁;数值计算法适用于复杂水文地质条件下涌水问题的计算;物理模拟法借助于试验的手段,直观地显现出隧洞的涌水规律。本文对现有计算方法的理论原理、适用条件和优缺点进行了详细的总结,并展望了隧洞涌水问题的未来研究方向。 相似文献
19.
竖管测定法可现场测定河床的渗透系数.采用人工梯度法和自然梯度法两种方法,对普拉特河位于卡尼市(KearneyCity)东南河段河床的垂直、水平和任意方向的渗透系数进行了野外现场测定.10个测点的垂向渗透系数的平均值为30.51m/d,一个测点的水平方向渗透系数为97.2m/d,其各向异性比率约为3.结果表明:普拉特河床沉积物剖面上具有一定的各向异性,平面上为非均匀介质. 相似文献
20.
When tunneling is carried out beneath the groundwater table, hydraulic boundary is altered, resulting in seepage entering into the tunnel. The development of flow into the tunnel induces seepage stresses in the ground and the lining is subjected to additional loads. This can often cause fine particles to move, which clog the filter resulting in the long‐term hydraulic deterioration of the drainage system. However, the effect of seepage force is generally not considered in the analysis of tunnel. While several elastic solutions have been proposed by assuming seepage in an elastic medium, stress solutions have not been considered for the seepage force in a porous elasto‐plastic medium. This paper documents a study that investigates the stress behavior, caused by seepage, of a tunnel in an elasto‐plastic ground and its effects on the tunnel and ground. New elasto‐plastic solutions that adopt the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion are proposed for a circular tunnel under radial flow conditions. A simple solution based on the hydraulic gradient obtained from a numerical parametric study is also proposed for practical use. It should be noted that the simple equation is useful for acquiring additional insight into a problem on a tunnel under drainage, because only a minimal computational effort is needed and considerable economic benefits can be gained by using it in the preliminary stage of tunnel design. The proposed equations were partly validated by numerical analysis, and their applicability is illustrated and discussed using an example problem. Comments on the tunnel analysis are also provided. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献