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1.
西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带驱龙铜矿成矿流体特征及其演化 总被引：20，自引：3，他引：17
驱龙铜矿是西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带东段典型的斑岩型铜矿床.流体包裹体研究显示,与成矿有关的包裹体主要分为液相包裹体、气相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体3类,它们的均一温度为190℃～510℃;盐度为0.5～52.5 wt%NaCleq.激光拉曼显微探针(LRM)分析表明,各类包裹体中气、液相成分以H2O为主.含子矿物多相包裹体与不同气相充填度的液相包裹体、气相包裹体共存,且均一温度相近,但盐度相差很大,表明成矿流体经历了沸腾作用.从蚀变矿物组合、流体包裹体显微测温分析及LRM分析可以看出,驱龙斑岩铜矿床成矿流体富含Cl-、SO2-4、Na 、K 、Ca2 、CO2-3,具有较高盐度和较强的Cu溶解能力. 相似文献
2.
西藏冈底斯三处斑岩铜矿床流体包裹体及成矿作用研究 总被引：22，自引：6，他引：16
对西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带中的驱龙、冲江斑岩铜矿床和与斑岩有关的帮浦铜多金属矿床进行了流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温和激光拉曼探针分析。对斑岩中斑晶石英、硅化脉石英和热液矿物硬石膏内流体包裹体的观测表明,与成矿有关的流体包裹体可以分为气相包裹体、液相包裹体、含子晶的多相包裹体等3类。它们的均一温度变化较大（191～550℃）,气相包裹体与含子晶多相包裹体的均一温度相近,主要集中于300～550℃之间。流体的盐度ω（NaCleq）为1．91％～66．75％,含石盐子晶包裹体的盐度ω（NaCleq）范围为32．70％～66．75％。激光拉曼光谱分析表明,子晶以石盐为主,并有较多的黄铜矿;气相包裹体和液相包裹体的气相中含有CO2。低密度的气相包裹体与高密度的液相包裹体、高盐度的含子晶包裹体共生,其均一温度范围一致,但盐度相差较大,指示成矿流体有不混溶作用或沸腾作用。成矿流体来自于岩浆的出溶;金属硫化物直接来源于岩浆。斑晶石英内流体包裹体中的不混溶作用与岩浆的初始沸腾有关;硅化脉石英捕获的流体包裹体与岩浆的二次沸腾有关;而硬石膏内流体包裹体的不混溶与两种不同性质流体的混合作用有关。斑晶石英中包裹体内的黄铜矿子晶是岩浆流体高金属含量的表征而不是矿化开始的标志。冈底斯成矿带内斑岩铜矿的成矿始于岩浆期后高温阶段,随后的高-中温热液阶段是流体大量沉淀矿质的重要时期。 相似文献
3.
辽宁肖家营子矽卡岩型钼(铁)矿床高盐度流体特征及演化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
肖家营子矿床是一个与中-基性侵入岩有关的矽卡岩型钼（铁）矿床,矿体主要赋存于矽卡岩体中。流体包裹体研究表明,辉钼矿化阶段以含子矿物包裹体和气液两相包裹体为主,含子矿物包裹体通过子矿物最终消失而均一,均一温度为203-440℃,盐度（NaCleq）为32．0％～52．0％,气液两相包裹体通过气泡消失而均一,均一温度为146～340℃,盐度（NaCleq）为4．3％-18．4％;石榴石矽卡岩阶段和磁铁矿化阶段主要为含子矿物包裹体,含子矿物包裹体通过气泡消失而均一,包裹体均一温度分别为505～560℃和435-541％,盐度（NaCleq）分别为43．4％-50．0％和44．9％～56．9％。流体包裹体特征和氢氧同位素分析表明,肖家营子矿床含矿流体由含一定金属成矿元素的高温、高盐度的岩浆热液和低温、低盐度的地层水或大气水组成。成矿早期为含一定金属成矿元素的高温、高盐度流体,这类流体是在降压、降温的过程中由岩浆热液演化而成;辉钼矿阶段流体为中温、高盐度流体和中．低温、低盐度的混合流体。含矿流体在演化的过程中,高温、高盐度流体由于压力和密度的转化对磁铁矿沉淀富集具有重要影响;中温、高盐度与低盐度流体的混合有利于辉钼矿富集成矿。 相似文献
4.
西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床成因研究——来自流体包裹体的证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甲玛铜多金属矿床位于西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带东段,是近年来勘探发现的超大型斑岩-矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床。通过冷热台显微观察与测温、扫描电镜、激光拉曼探针测试,对甲玛矿床各成矿阶段典型矿物的流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体富含挥发分,临界相均一的流体来自岩浆超临界流体出溶,主成矿阶段具有沸腾包裹体组合特征,有机质包裹体荧光效应显著。显微测温结果显示,岩浆-热液阶段斑岩中石英斑晶的流体包裹体均一温度范围为250～540℃,含石盐子晶高盐度包裹体盐度范围为35～61(wt%)NaCl.eq,中等盐度的临界均一的气液包裹体盐度范围为3～29(wt%)NaCl.eq,岩浆期后热液阶段斑岩、角岩中石英脉的流体包裹体均一温度范围为210～410℃,盐度范围为33～41(wt%)NaCl.eq,与其不混溶共生的中低盐度气液两相流体包裹体盐度范围为5～25(wt%)NaCl.eq。矽卡岩阶段矿物均一温度范围为130～360℃,盐度范围为3～41(wt%)NaCl.eq,从岩浆热液过渡阶段到石英-硫化物阶段均一温度与盐度呈阶梯式降低趋势。斑岩体石英的流体包裹体中含有较多黄铜矿子矿物,岩浆结晶分异过程中已经具成矿元素的富集。激光拉曼探针测试结果显示,成矿早期至主成矿期矿物流体包裹体气相成分主要为CO2、CH4和N2,各阶段矿物流体包裹体气相成分具有继承性。成矿流体为高温度高盐度,富含CO2、CH4的流体。成矿流体主要源于岩浆,后期混有大气降水。当岩浆热液上升时因压力的突然释放造成高温含矿热流体发生减压沸腾,CO2和CH4等气体大量逃逸,导致成矿物质快速沉淀。矿床在成因上与岩浆-热液成矿作用密切相关。 相似文献
5.
云南哈播斑岩铜(-钼-金)矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
哈播斑岩Cu-(Mo-Au)矿床产于哀牢山富碱斑岩带的南段,形成于青藏高原后碰撞阶段构造转换环境,属于陆-陆碰撞型斑岩矿床.根据脉体的交切关系,确定哈播矿床各种脉的演化序列为早期石英脉→石英-黄铜矿脉→石英辉钼矿脉.脉中流体包裹体的岩相学、显微测温和激光拉曼光谱分析等研究结果显示,各期脉中均有富气相包裹体、富液相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体,各种包裹体的气相均含有CO2、SO2、H2O等气体.各期脉中多种包裹体并存并具有相似的均一温度范围,富液相包裹体均一温度149～427℃,盐度ω(NaCleq)6.0％～15.0％;富气相包裹体均一温度205～405℃,盐度ω(NaCleq) 3.4％～19.0％;含子矿物多相包裹体均一温度305～516℃,盐度w(NaCleq) 33.5％～61.0％.哈播矿床的初始成矿流体由稳定共存、不混溶的低盐度流体和高盐度流体组成,高盐度流体是哈播矿床成矿元素迁移的主要载体.成矿流体在400℃左右发生“二次沸腾”、分相,温度下降和挥发分持续逃逸可能是Cu-Au成矿的诱因.Mo元素在成矿流体多次沸腾、分相过程中,持续优先分配进入高盐度流体中而逐步富集;温度下降,使含钼硫化物在流体中溶解度降低、沉淀,形成石英-辉钼矿±黄铜矿脉. 相似文献
6.
地堡那木岗铜(金)矿床位于西藏多龙矿集区,探明储量达大型规模;矿床的成矿过程分为岩浆作用阶段、钾长石-硫化物阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段、碳酸盐-黄铁矿阶段和氧化作用阶段,其中石英-多金属硫化物阶段和碳酸盐-黄铁矿阶段为主要成矿阶段;为查明成矿流体特征,确定矿床成因类型,对取自深部矿石中的碳酸盐脉(均为碳酸盐-黄铁矿成矿阶段含黄铁矿黄铜矿石英脉)开展流体包裹体的岩相学观察和显微测温分析。分析结果表明,上述矿物中主要发育富液相、富气相和含子矿物三相包裹体。其中,富液相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为:t=80~600℃、w(NaCl,eq)=4.48%~18.79%;富气相包裹体的均一温度和盐度分别为:t=240~560℃、w(NaCl,eq)=5.09%~9.73%;含子矿物三相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为:t=240~560℃、w(NaCl,eq)=36%~72%。综合分析认为,地堡那木岗铜(金)矿床成矿流体发生了强烈的沸腾作用,流体沸腾作用是该矿床的重要成矿机制。通过与国内外典型斑岩型矿床与高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床的流体包裹体特征进行对比,其与斑岩型矿床的中高温、高盐度流体特征相似。因此,推测地堡那木岗矿床的成因类型为斑岩型铜(金)矿床。 相似文献
7.
邹平地区与火山岩浆热液作用有关的铜矿床主要可划分为2种类型：一类为斑岩-火山角砾岩型,另一类为浅成低温热液型;代表性矿床分别为王家庄斑岩一火山角砾岩型铜（钼）矿床和南洞子浅成低温热液型铜（金）矿床。流体包裹体研究表明：王家庄铜（钼）矿床成矿流体的均一化温度和盐度偏高,出现了富气相的两相水溶液包裹体、富液相的两相水溶液包裹体和含子晶的三相水溶液包裹体共存现象,加温后,富气相包裹体均一到气相,同期富液相包裹体均一到液相的特征,这表明成矿流体在形成和演化过程中曾发生过沸腾作用。南洞子铜（金）矿床成矿流体均一温度和盐度偏低,以上3种包裹体共存的现象不明显,说明成矿流体在形成和演化过程中沸腾作用不强。上述2类矿床矿化脉石英中的δ^18OH2O-δD投影点飘离岩浆水范围,参照流体包裹体研究结果,证明邹平地区与火山岩浆热8液作用有关的铜矿成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,后期混人大气降水。相比之下,浅成低温热液铜矿成矿流体中的大气降水混入量多。 相似文献
8.
秘鲁Don Javier斑岩铜钼矿床流体包裹体特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Don Javier斑岩铜钼矿床位于南美安第斯成矿带中段,秘鲁中南部-智利北部巨型斑岩铜钼金多金属成矿带上,矿区主要出露Yarabamba超群花岗闪长岩岩基和英安斑岩岩体,矿体呈筒状,主要赋存在英安斑岩体及其围岩中,受NW向断裂构造控制。在野外地质调查的基础上,文章对矿床流体包裹体特征进行研究,并结合矿体产出形态特征,对成矿流体来源及演化进行探讨。对黄铁矿-石英和黄铜矿(辉钼矿)-石英2个成矿阶段的石英流体包裹体研究结果表明,成矿阶段矿石中发育富气相-液相、气液两相及含NaCl子矿物三相3种类型的原生流体包裹体,流体包裹体均一温度为287～499℃,含NaCl子矿物包裹体的盐度w(NaCleq)为30%～42%,密度为1.08～1.21 g/cm3,成矿流体属于中高温、高盐度的NaCl-H_2O体系,为岩浆热液来源的成矿流体。流体包裹体特征还表明,流体的沸腾作用是引起成矿流体中矿质发生沉淀富集的重要成矿机制。 相似文献
9.
新华龙钼矿床位于中国东北地区吉林省东部,是一个新发现的斑岩型钼矿床。矿床产于花岗闪长斑岩中。矿床成矿阶段包括石英-浸染状辉钼矿、石英-网脉状辉钼矿、石英-黄铁矿-黄铜矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐化5个阶段。流体包裹体实验结果表明：流体包裹体的类型主要为气液两相包裹体,其次为纯气相和纯液相包裹体,还有少量含子矿物的多相包裹体。流体包裹体的均一温度为172～385 ℃,盐度(w(NaCl))为8.51%～45.44%。从早阶段到晚阶段成矿流体温度具有规律的演化,均一温度分别为360～390 ℃、270～350 ℃、250～260 ℃、220～230 ℃、170～190 ℃。其中:含子矿物多相包裹体均一温度为272～385 ℃,盐度为35.79％～45.44％,密度为1.07～1.08 g/cm3;气液两相包裹体均一温度为172～381 ℃,盐度为8.51％～23.36％,密度为0.70～0.99 g/cm3。激光拉曼光谱分析表明,包裹体的气体成分主要为CO2、H2O、N2和CH4。包裹体岩相学及测温表明,流体由早期的高温、高盐度、含二氧化碳的含矿流体在主成矿阶段发生流体包裹体的沸腾、CO2逸出、温度降低等过程,导致大量金属硫化物沉淀。结合氢氧同位素特征,初步确定该矿床的成矿流体主要以岩浆水为主,后期有大气水的加入。流体沸腾是新华龙钼矿床成矿的重要机制。 相似文献
10.
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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