共查询到15条相似文献，搜索用时 859 毫秒
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超强吸水性蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合材料的研究 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
以蒙脱石和丙烯酸为原料,采用溶液聚合法合成了超强吸水性蒙脱石／聚丙烯酸钠复合材料,优化了该复合材料吸自来水性能的配方,即蒙脱石添加量为30％,单体的中和度为70％．交联剂用量为0．10％,引发剂用量为0．15％,在此配方下制备的复合材料吸蒸馏水倍率为420g／g,吸自来水倍率为220g／g,吸生理盐水倍率为55g／g,凝胶强度215g／cm^2。同时,该复合材料具有聚合反应便于控制且不粘容器、吸水倍率高、抗盐性能好、凝胶强度大、成本大幅度降低的优点,可广泛应用于农林园艺、生态环境治理等领域作保水剂。 相似文献
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微晶白云母/聚丙烯酸钠超强吸水性复合材料制备研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
以微晶白云母的超细粉体与丙烯酸为主要原料,采用溶液聚合法制备微晶白云母／聚丙烯酸钠超强吸水性复合材料,优化该复合材料吸自来水性能的配方,即中和度100％,丙烯酰胺用量30％,交联荆用量0．04％,白云母用量60％,引发荆用量0．40％;在此配方下制备的复合材料．吸蒸馏水倍率为420g／g,吸自来水倍率为220g／g,吸生理盐水倍率为55g／g。XRD、SEM分析表明,白云母在复合过程中没有发生结构的变化,在复合材料中均匀分散。同时,该复合材料具有反应便于控制且不粘容器、抗盐性能好、凝胶强度高,特别是白云母可添加60％,丙烯酰胺用量30％,使成本大幅降低。该产品可广泛应用于农林因艺、生态环境治理等领域作保水剂。 相似文献
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粉煤灰疏松多孔,具有一定的吸水能力,对土壤有很好的改良作用;伊利石属层状粘土矿物,具有吸水性,含钾较高,可以提高土壤肥效。采用溶液聚合法首次合成了粉煤灰-伊利石/PAA-AM高吸水复合材料,其吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率分别为1695、445、106倍,吸液性能达到和超过了国家"863"项目技术指标和国家农业部的要求。此吸水材料成本低,有利于改良土壤与改善土壤的缺钾状况。同时,还通过谱学分析(原子吸收、X衍射和红外光谱),较深入地研究了该复合材料的释钾机理。 相似文献
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粉煤灰具有一定的吸水能力,且含多种营养元素,对土壤有很好的改良效果;伊利石也具有吸水性,且含钾量高。采用溶液聚合法首次合成的粉煤灰-伊利石/丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水复合材料,其吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率分别为1 782,450,117,而国家“863计划”关于高吸水材料的技术指标分别为300,150,50;同时对复合材料的保水性、热稳定性、耐寒性及其二次吸液性能进行测试,结果表明:复合材料具有优越的保水性,25℃条件下干燥8 d,吸水凝胶还可以保持50%的吸水量;在0～120℃范围性能稳定;具有较高的二次吸液能力,可以多次使用。 相似文献
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采用焙烧-磁选法、酸洗提纯法、煅烧法均能有效减少湖北钟祥累托石粘土中的黄铁矿.实验用累托石粘土中黄铁矿含量为4.37%, 硫含量为2.32%.采用焙烧磁选法, 温度300℃、时间2.0h、二次磁选后, 累托石粘土中硫含量降为0.52%;酸洗法, 酸液浓度60%、时间1.0h、温度60℃时, 硫含量为0.57%;煅烧法, 当温度550℃、时间为0.5h时, 硫含量为0.78%.研究发现所得粘土矿物对聚合复合法制备累托石/聚丙稀酰胺-丙烯酸(钠) 吸水保水复合材料的阻聚作用不明显, 且不影响后续聚合反应最高硫含量约为0.78%.在65~70℃反应条件下, 含煅烧累托石粘土20%、丙烯酰胺15%、引发剂0.25%、交联剂0.08%, 丙烯酸中和度为80%的吸水保水复合材料的吸去离子水倍率为870, 吸自来水倍率为250, 吸生理盐水倍率为68.累托石粘土添加量在0%~30%之间时, 吸水保水复合材料的吸液倍率比不含累托石的吸水树脂高.吸水保水复合材料吸液倍率从870g/g降到84g/g时, 凝胶强度从49g/cm2上升到235g/cm2. 相似文献
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A. Gualtieri M. Bellotto G. Artioli S. M. Clark 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1995,22(4):215-222
The present work is a follow-up of the investigation on the decomposition reaction of kaolinite as a function of the defectivity of the starting material and the temperature of reaction. In the present work we study the high temperature reaction of mullite synthesis from kaolinite, from the starting point of the results obtained in the first part.Time resolved energy-dispersive powder diffraction patterns have been measured using synchrotron radiation in isothermal conditions. The apparent activation energy for mullite nucleation and growth is found to be related to the defective structure of the starting kaolinite, which thus must have an influence on the chemical homogeneity of the amorphous intermediate phase. 相似文献
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M. Bellotto A. Gualtieri G. Artioli S. M. Clark 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1995,22(4):207-217
The decomposition reaction of kaolinite has been investigated as a function of the defectivity of the starting material and the temperature of reaction. Time resolved energy-dispersive powder diffraction patterns have been measured using synchrotron radiation, both under a constant heating rate (heating rates from 10 to 100° C/min) and in isothermal conditions (in the temperature range 500 to 700° C). The apparent activation energy of the dehydroxylation process is different for kaolinites exhibiting a different degree of stacking fault density. The results of the analysis of the kinetic data indicate that the starting reaction mechanism is controlled by diffusion in the kaolinite particle. The diffusion process is dependent on the defective nature of both kaolinite and metakaolinite. At high temperatures, and at higher heating rates, the reaction mechanism changes and the resistance in the boundary layer outside the crystallites becomes the rate-limiting factor, and nucleation begins within the reacting particle. During the final stage of the dehydroxylation process the reaction is limited by heat or mass transfer, and this might be interpreted by the limited diffusion between the unreacted kaolinite domains and the metakaolinite matrix. 相似文献