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中国北方晚更新世哺乳类动物群的划分及其地理分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
<正> 新第三纪以来,由于青藏高原、喜马拉雅山脉与西部山脉的隆起,我国形成了西高东低的地形特点,导致了气候和环境的变迁,明显地影响了中国哺乳动物的分布。在晚更新世,中国南北动物群分化逐渐扩大,动物群更替尤为频繁。中国晚更新世地层及动物群的研究已有一段相当长的历史,发现了众多重要的遗址和化石地点,积累了丰富的资料。笔者综合有关资料,对我国北方晚更新世动物群,特别是猛犸象-披毛犀动物群的划分、地 相似文献
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顾乡屯动物群是由１９３１年尹赞勋先生在哈尔滨顾乡屯发现１９种哺乳动物化石而得名，其后在东北、内蒙古一带多处发现，由于以被毛犀、猛犸象化石最为常见，一般也称为“披毛犀－猛犸象动物群”。到目前为止该动物群至少有６４种化石，分属１８科３７属。顾乡屯组代表东北地区晚更新世河－湖相沉积，与华北萨拉乌苏组有很好的对比性，属同期异地同相沉积。顾乡屯动物群化石层位仅限于顾乡屯组地表出露部分，年龄测定结果不超过６００００─７００００ａＢ．Ｐ．，表明顾乡屯动物群相当于萨拉乌苏上部动物群，时代为晚更新世晚期。顾乡屯动物群与顾乡屯组在时代上的不一致性，是东北地区第四纪研究中应引起重视的问题。对大同第四纪火山群及我国近期火山的分布，自３０年代由尹赞勋先生做了开创和倡导性研究以来，在岩石学、地球化学、树造环境和深部岩浆源及年代学等方面的研究都已取得长足的进展。 相似文献
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顾乡屯动物群是由１９３１年尹赞勋先生在哈尔滨顾乡屯发现１９种哺乳动物化石而得名，其后在东北、内蒙古一带多处发现，由于以被毛犀、猛犸象化石最为常见，一般也称为“披毛犀－猛犸象动物群”。到目前为止该动物群至少有６４种化石，分属１８科３７属。顾乡屯组代表东北地区晚更新世河－湖相沉积，与华北萨拉乌苏组有很好的对比性，属同期异地同相沉积。顾乡屯动物群化石层位仅限于顾乡屯组地表出露部分，年龄测定结果不超过６００００─７００００ａＢ．Ｐ．，表明顾乡屯动物群相当于萨拉乌苏上部动物群，时代为晚更新世晚期。顾乡屯动物群与顾乡屯组在时代上的不一致性，是东北地区第四纪研究中应引起重视的问题。对大同第四纪火山群及我国近期火山的分布，自３０年代由尹赞勋先生做了开创和倡导性研究以来，在岩石学、地球化学、树造环境和深部岩浆源及年代学等方面的研究都已取得长足的进展。 相似文献
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黑龙江青冈晚更新世哺乳动物化石 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文记述的8种哺乳动物化石:Mammuthus primigenius,Equus hemionus,Equus sp.,Coelodonta antiquitatis,Megaloceros ordosianus,Gazella sp.,Bison exiguus,Bosprimigenius?属东北“披毛犀—猛犸象动物群”的成员,时代为晚更新世。对三门马的地层分布时代进行了讨论,认为有可能到中更新世末期甚至晚更新世早期。此外还介绍了大角鹿属各种的特征,并指出了“披毛犀一猛犸象动物群”概念的不恰当之处。 相似文献
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在青海共和盆地晚更新世河湖相沉积地层中发现了象类化石,对化石的基本特征进行了描述,依据牙片的釉质层、齿脊频率等特征初步鉴定为猛犸象类化石,并在同一层位发现了钙化树木化石.结合区域地质以及产出猛犸象属化石地层的沉积学特征、孢粉组合等的简要分析认为,共和盆地晚更新世晚期为干燥寒冷的气候环境.这一发现有助于认识中国猛犸象属动物的迁徙过程,以及青藏高原晚更新世的生物演化、气候变化和构造活动.同时,也为研究青藏高原第四纪以来生物进化、湖泊与河流演化、气候变化、古地理与古环境变迁等提供了新资料. 相似文献
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河套盆地上更新统地层发育,在盆地北侧的山前构成台地,为一套黄色、灰白色河湖相砂砾石层,夹黄绿色粉砂、细砂层,产多种哺乳动物化石,包括5目19属,其中诺氏古菱齿象化石点9处、披毛犀7处、马鹿7处、大角鹿2处,并发现了属于大角鹿演化晚期阶段的新种化石包头大角鹿。哺乳动物群化石中既有喜冷的披毛犀、普氏野马、马鹿等,也有喜温湿的诺氏古菱齿象。除了象类以树干、干草类为食、虎和鬣狗为肉食类外,其余均为以草原生存的大型食草动物。地层和化石的年龄表明该动物群较萨拉乌苏动物群更为年青,建议定名为包头动物群,地质年代为晚更新世晚期,同位素年龄为距今4.0～2.2万年,是在河套古湖周边生息繁演、适应于较为温凉气候条件和稀树草原环境下生存的一个食草动物群,末次冰期以后大多数哺乳动物已灭绝。包头动物群明显地晚于萨拉乌苏动物群,与峙峪动物群和北京周口店山顶洞动物群具有较多的相似处,应同属晚更新世晚期动物群。 相似文献
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顾乡屯组下界(限)及其测年 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
<正> 哈尔滨西郊顾乡屯因出土第四纪哺乳动物化石和人类遗迹,一直引起中外学者的关注。其化石群称之猛犸象-披毛犀动物群(Mammuthus-Coelodonta Fauna),代表晚更新世一个生物地理区,被广为引用;出土化石的地层——顾乡屯组,在东北第四系划分中占重要地位。近年在人类考古学研究中,把太平洋彼岸的美洲印第安人及其文化与我国中原文化相联系,将顾乡屯做为中原文化向我国北方→西伯利亚→阿拉斯加 相似文献
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临夏盆地晚新生代哺乳动物群演替与青藏高原隆升背景 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
临夏盆地的晚新生代沉积中富含哺乳动物化石,以晚渐新世巨犀动物群、中中新世铲齿象动物群、晚中新世三趾马动物群和早更新世真马动物群的化石最为丰富。晚新生代是青藏高原快速隆升的时期,临夏盆地的4个主要哺乳动物群在构造剧烈变化的背景下发生了显著的更替。通过对不同动物群所代表的生态特征的分析,恢复了临夏盆地晚新生代以来的气候环境演变过程:晚渐新世以温暖湿润的森林环境为主,间杂有一些开阔地带;中中新世的森林更加茂密,水体更加丰富;晚中新世演变为炎热半干旱的稀树草原环境,季节性变化加强;早更新世气候寒冷而干燥,并伴有显著的海拔升高。青藏高原在晚渐新世的隆升幅度还不足以阻挡大型哺乳动物在高原南北的交流,但到中中新世已成为明显的障碍,至晚中新世对动物迁徙的阻碍作用更加突出,而临夏盆地在早更新世已经达到相当大的高度,产生了一个高原或高山的动物群 相似文献
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Tibetan Plateau, with its unique characteristics and its impact on the global environment, ecology and climate, is an important research region of the international scientific community. The development of international cooperation in the field of Tibetan Plateau was reviewed and the quantitative statistics and data in accordance with the SCI papers of international cooperation in the field of Tibetan Plateau were analyzed during the 35 years of 1980-2014. The experience of international cooperative research in the field of Tibetan Plateau from starting stage to rapid development to tend to mature stage of development was summarized. International cooperative research has become the main organization of research in the field of Tibetan Plateau. Tibet Plateau international collaboration changing from single academic discipline to multi academic disciplines was analized. Changes in major countries of international cooperation research and independent research in the field of Tibetan Plateau were compared and suggestions for strengthening international cooperative research in the field of Tibetan Plateau for China in the future were put forward. 相似文献
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地理本体的研究进展与分析 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
地理本体是地理信息科学中的一个新兴的和正在发展的研究领域,从提出至今仅有10年的历史。因此,有重点系统分析地理本体研究的发展历程与进展,对中国在此方面的研究定位具有重要意义。文章在深入分析科学领域本体的定义基础上,进行了地理本体定义,探讨了地理本体的研究意义,列举了国际上与地理本体相关的主要计划与学术会议,详细剖析了当前国内外的地理本体理论研究与应用方面取得的进展。地理本体研究已成为国际GIS领域一个重要的新兴研究方向并得到了蓬勃发展,而国内在这方面的研究才刚刚开始,只有少数学者开展了一些探索性的思考和研究。因此,中国应紧跟国际地理本体的研究动态,积极开展我国自己的地理本体理论、方法和应用研究。 相似文献
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Kate Manzo 《Geoforum》2003,34(4):437-456
This paper explores the rise of rights-based development (RBD) and its endorsement by prominent international institutions (such as the United Nations) and International Development Agencies (IDAs) like the World Bank. It situates RBD in global political context and analyses it in relation to the international politics of development, especially the politics of neo-liberal adjustment policies in Africa. The paper shows how RBD emerged against a backdrop of debate about four international issues associated with neo-liberalism and its discontents, namely globalisation and uneven development; capability and good governance; human rights and human development; and NGOs in the politics of development. Debates about those four issues keep repositioning the state as the central actor in RBD, and holding the state accountable for development (or the lack thereof) under international law. The paper’s basic point is that state-centric RBD is paradoxical and highly political. Greater accountability is being demanded of states––especially in Africa––from the same neo-liberal forces (such as the World Bank) charged with weakening state capacity, undermining democracy, and diminishing state authority. In terms of international power relations and the politics of development, RBD does signal something of a willingness to rethink certain aspects of the dominant neo-liberal agenda. And yet adjusted states are being subjected––in the name of RBD––to novel methods of international surveillance and forms of conditionality. States are ultimately held responsible for human rights violations, even when it is non-state actors (and their neo-liberal policies) that caused those rights to be violated in the first place. RBD is, therefore, a partial answer (at best) to the questions of empowerment and change raised by critics of neo-liberalism. 相似文献
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John Langdale 《Geoforum》1985,16(1):1-13
Growth of electronics funds transfer (EFT) is examined in the context of the internationalisation of the banking and finance industry. EFT has grown in response to the internationalisation of the industry and in turn has facilitated its development. Reasons for the geographical diversification of transnational banks and other financial institutions are discussed. The growing interdependence between international financial centres of New York and London is highlighted as is the emergence of Asian financial centres of Tokyo, Hong Kong and Singapore. Various types of international EFT systems are examined including SWIFT and leased networks operated by transnational banks. In addition, entry of non banking institutions into the international EFT area is considered. Competition between banks as well as between banks and non-banking institutions is examined in the context of these EFT developments. 相似文献
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“从最高到最深”—从第17届国际沉积学大会看沉积学研究前沿 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
第17届国际沉积学大会于2006年8月27日至9月1日在日本福冈市召开。做为四年一次的国际沉积学盛会,大会讨论了微生物过程和沉积成岩作用、深海与陆缘沉积过程及产物、沉积记录与重大地质环境演化、火山-沉积大地构造,以及与人类活动密切相关的环境沉积学与资源问题等热点领域,其中大多将会继续成为未来若干年内国际沉积学的重要发展方向,并可能成为今后理论沉积学创新的重要生长点。但是在本次大会上,对陆相（或非海相）沉积与大陆构造、活动古地理、盆地流体动力学及相关成岩作用的研究并未形成热点。与国际沉积学研究强国相比,认为我国沉积学研究是危机与机会共存;我们不仅在服务国民经济方面,而且在国际沉积学前沿研究领域应该占有重要地位。 相似文献
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国际温室气体减排情景方案比较分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在整理、介绍主要国际组织、国家、研究机构和一些学者所提出的温室气体减排情景方案、减排目标和设想的基础上,对当前国际上主要的温室气体减排情景方案的温室气体减排目标、大气温室气体浓度目标和温度控制目标进行了归纳、比较和综合分析。研究结果表明：①国际组织和主要国家对温度升高的控制目标总体以2℃为主,即到21世纪末,将大气温度控制在不高于工业革命前2℃的范围内;②国际组织和主要国家的温室气体减排方案一般都倾向于在2050年将大气温室气体浓度控制在450×10-6~550×10-6CO2e（二氧化碳当量）的范围内,但各个方案中有关具体的减排责任分配、减排措施和减排量分歧仍然较大;③在确定温室气体减排目标和减排配额时,国际组织和主要国家一般都按照“共同但有区别”的原则,倾向于为发达国家制定减排目标,但也有个别方案认为发展中国家也应承担量化的减排义务。 相似文献
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Marco Verweij 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):453-461
Since the 1950s, the governments of the riparian countries of the Rhine have attempted to protect the ecosystems of the river
basin through international cooperation. Before 1987, their relations were unproductive and antagonistic. International programs
for the protection of Rhine were far less effective than domestic policies. From 1987 onwards, international cooperation on
the protection of the Rhine has been exemplary, and has led the way in domestic and international water protection policies.
Many existing frameworks of international relations are not able to offer an adequate account of this wholesale change. In
this article, an attempt is undertaken with the help of grid-group theory.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Strategy Analysis of the Marine Science Projects of National Science Foundation of the United States
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an international research funding institution with significant influence. As one of the main bodies of marine science research grant, NSF plays nonsubstitutable role in the development of marine science, the establishment of international research programs and projects, and the construction of infrastructures in the marine field. By mainly analyzing the area focus of NSF support, grant distribution and change trend, project application and acceptance rate in recent years, we summarized its funding characteristics and trends in marine science, and finally put forward four suggestions for reference to the efficient management of China's funding institutions. 相似文献
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Carbon verification, which can guarantee the reliability and credibility of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission data, is the most important part of the daily operations of the carbon emission right trading system. Many international institutions, countries and regions have conducted research on and have practiced carbon verification policies and systems. Through comparative analysis of the international carbon verification policies and systems, they can provide experience for Chinese unified national carbon market to start supporting carbon verification. The paper study concludes that (1) carbon verification systems developed by international institutions focus on the scientific level of verification methods; (2) carbon verification policies and systems issued by important countries and regions draw on International Standardization Organization (ISO)14064 standards based on their national conditions and focus on the scientific level and reasonableness of verification methods; (3) major international experience includes complete verification policies and systems, strict standard verification procedures, diversified verification forms and a focus on key emission sources. Based on the differences in China’s carbon emissions characteristics caused by unbalanced regional economic development and the conditions of carbon verification in seven pilot carbon trading areas, this thesis proposes the following suggestions: pushing forward the establishment of carbon verification policies and systems by accelerating legislation on climate changes; facilitating carbon verification in a coordinated manner; regulating key GHG emission sources; establishing and improving supervision on carbon verification; and intensifying international exchanges and cooperation.
相似文献20.
S. A. Pourhashemi B. Khoshmaneshzadeh M. Soltanieh D. Hermidasbavand 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2012,9(1):57-67
In evaluating international treaties, in particular, the United Nations Framework on Climate Change Convention, this paper shows that necessary preparations have not been made to protect the rights of individuals who are refugees or have been forced to migrate from their homeland. Immigrants are deprived of the most essential human rights, such as language, culture, and having a right to a healthy living environment. The current legal administration has not made the necessary contingencies for responding to the environmental consequences of immigration and is extremely inefficient in expanding this phenomenon. This paper seeks to address the question of to what extent existing forms of legal and operational protection can apply in climate change-related displacement in general and cross-border displacement in particular. In this work some strategies have been proposed for dealing with these existing gaps. It is expected that analyzing these gaps and determining the international community??s duties and commitments (governments and international organizations) can result in efficient management of this crisis and prevent the outbreak of chaos across the globe. 相似文献