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青海德尔尼铜(锌钴)矿床Re-Os年龄及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东昆仑德尔尼大型铜(锌钴)矿是赋存在蛇绿岩中的块状硫化物矿床,8件块状硫化物矿石的Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为(295.5±7.2) Ma,略小于矿区玄武质熔岩的锆石U-Pb平均年龄(308.2±4.9) Ma,矿床形成于晚石炭世-早二叠世,属于阿尼玛卿洋盆扩张期。成矿时代早于矿区北部印支期花岗岩,证明德尔尼矿床的成因与印支期花岗岩无直接关系。矿石组构、矿物组合和岩石地球化学研究指示,矿床为海底喷流沉积-热液叠加成矿,具有类似于塞浦路斯型块状硫化物矿床的构造背景和矿物组合特征。矿区及外围填图发现,德尔尼铜矿体主要产出在角砾状蛇纹岩中,部分位于蛇纹岩与含碳铁硅质岩之间,这种特殊的赋矿层位可能与晚古生代特提斯洋的快速扩张、岩浆补给少、变质橄榄岩迅速抬升有关。 相似文献
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扬子地块西南缘红泥坡矿床是近年来新发现的大型铜矿床。本文通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼成分分析和硫化物原位S同位素分析,揭示了红泥坡铜矿床的成矿物质来源、成矿流体来源及矿质沉淀机制。该矿床成矿过程分为火山-沉积期和热液成矿期。热液成矿期石英+方解石+硫化物阶段(Ⅰ)的石英中发育纯CO2包裹体、水溶液-CO2包裹体、含固相的水溶液-CO2包裹体、含固相的水溶液包裹体以及富液相两相水溶液包裹体。各类包裹体成群分布,均一温度(106～500℃)和盐度(8.8%～59.8%)变化大。激光拉曼分析表明成矿流体中挥发分成分为H2O、CO2和少量CH4。火山-沉积期黄铁矿原位δ34S值为9.18‰～9.34‰,为海水硫和岩浆硫的混合硫;热液成矿期硫化物的原位δ34S值为4.42‰～5.26‰,为岩浆硫和少量地层硫的混合硫。综合矿床成矿时代、流体包裹体及S同位素组成特征,认为古元古代火山-沉积作用形成含Fe和Cu的矿源... 相似文献
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安徽新桥块状硫化物矿床地球化学特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
新桥块状硫化物矿床发育双层结构,地球化学特征也呈现出明显的“二元性”和垂向变化。下部网脉状蚀变矿化岩石SiO2、Al2O3、K2O和Na2O等含量较高,上部层状块状矿石和含矿岩石Fe2O3、FeO、CaO、MgO及SiO2等明显富集。稀土含量相对较低,上部层状块状矿层平均值为10.73×10-6,下部通道相蚀变矿化岩石平均值为126.1×10-6。重晶石δ34S值为+16.2‰,硬石膏δ34S值为+11.2‰,黄铁矿δ34S值为+1.5‰～+4.7‰。含矿硅质岩δ18O为+12.0‰～+13.9‰,下部通道相含黄铁矿石英脉δ18O值为+13.3‰～+18.6‰。自下部网脉状矿化到上部层状块状矿层,从粗晶细晶到变胶状胶状黄铁矿,δ34S、δ18O和δ30Si值逐渐降低,206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb平均值逐渐增高。 相似文献
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新疆小热泉子铜矿床成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新疆小热泉子铜矿床位于古板块缝合带上,在石炭纪为火山喷流沉积环境.矿体具明显的沉积和后期热液改造特征,硫同位素δ(34S)值为-0.11‰～11.10‰,平均为5.73‰,接近大气降水的δ(34S)值.δ(DH2O)为-78.1‰～-77.0‰,明显低于变质水区域值,而接近于岩浆水区域值(-80‰～-40‰),在δ(18O)-δ(D)相关图上,数据点落在近岩浆水区域,表明成矿流体可能为次火山热液与地下水的混合流体.小热泉子铜矿床中黄铁矿的w(Se)高(0.009 5%～0.37%),w(S)/w(Se)值为143～2 137,反映成矿与岩浆热液作用关系密切.矿石中石英的流体包裹体均一温度反映出两阶段热液成矿的特征.矿床硫化物K-Ar同位素年龄显示,矿床的模式年龄有2个年龄段:斑点状闪锌矿与结核状闪锌矿的模式年龄分别为387.2,444.9 Ma,二者组成的等时线年龄为339.1 Ma,与地层年龄早石炭世较接近,可作为火山喷流沉积成矿阶段的起始时间;浸染状黄铜矿的模式年龄为230.2 Ma,可作为热液期中后期的成矿年龄.综合分析矿床成矿特征和地球化学数据认为,该矿床为火山喷流沉积-热液叠加改造型矿床. 相似文献
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兰坪盆地西缘发育一系列脉状铜矿床,科登涧铜矿床是其组成之一。该矿床矿体主要产出于上三叠统崔依比组(T3c)中基性火山岩内部的断层破碎带中。热液期成矿作用可大致划分为2个成矿阶段:主成矿阶段主要发育大量含铜硫化物石英脉,晚成矿阶段主要发育贫硫化物方解石脉。流体包裹体结果表明,主成矿期石英和成矿后期石英/方解石中均主要发育两相水溶液包裹体,含CO2包裹体极少出现。主成矿期石英脉中包裹体均一温度变化幅度较小,集中在180~240℃,盐度(Na Cleq,质量分数)集中在8%~14%。成矿流体主要表现出盆地热卤水的特征,这与兰坪盆地内其它Pb、Zn、Cu等贱金属矿床的成矿流体特征较为一致。成矿流体的δ18O值为3.5‰~5.5‰,δD值为-62‰~-38‰,介于岩浆水/变质水和大气降水之间。热液硫化物黄铜矿、黄铁矿、斑铜矿的δ34S值显示较低的负值(-20.8‰~-9.4‰),明显有别于赋矿围岩(安山岩)的δ34S值(11.1‰~11.6‰),推测该矿床成矿所需还原硫主要来自于地层硫酸盐。综合分析认为,该矿床成矿物质主要来源于地层,成矿流体主要为源于大气降水或建造水的盆地热卤水。 相似文献
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铜厂铜-铁矿床在成矿时代、成矿物质来源及矿床成因等方面存在较大争议,限制了其成矿模式的建立以及进一步的找矿实践. 利用黄铜矿Re-Os同位素对该矿床进行定年,并利用LA-MC-ICP-MS技术对黄铜矿、黄铁矿及磁黄铁矿等硫化物开展原位硫同位素研究. 分析结果显示,5件黄铜矿Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为484±34 Ma（MSWD=8.7）,表明铜厂铜-铁矿床形成于早古生代加里东期. 铜厂铜-铁矿床上部铜矿床中黄铜矿（+9.75‰~+13.1‰）和黄铁矿（+9.22‰~+13.9‰）的δ34S值略高于下部铁矿床中黄铜矿（+8.66‰~+10.9‰）、黄铁矿（+8.85‰~+11.0‰）和磁黄铁矿（+7.93‰~+9.28‰）. 计算得到早期成矿热液的δ34S∑S值约为+10.6‰,晚期成矿热液的δ34S∑S值约为+12.3‰,说明矿床硫是地幔硫混染海水硫形成的,热化学还原在海水硫酸盐还原过程中起到关键作用. 铜厂铜-铁矿床的形成可分为两期:新元古代晋宁期,Rodinia超大陆裂解导致勉略宁地区发生海底火山喷发形成富含Fe、Cu的初始矿源层;早古生代加里东期,大陆边缘持续的裂解和裂陷形成勉略海槽并导致强烈的岩浆活动,富含挥发分及硫的岩浆热液混合海水硫,并从细碧岩中萃取Fe、Cu等成矿物质,早期成矿热液在铜厂地区深部形成铁矿床,随着磁铁矿和硫化物的沉淀,成矿热液演化到晚期阶段并沿断裂构造带向上运移,在铜厂地区浅部形成铜矿床. 相似文献
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青海德尔尼铜(锌钴)矿床产出在北西或北西西向超镁铁质岩带中,对其矿床成因长期以来一直存在争议。文中对德尔尼矿床主矿体不同类型硫化物矿石的Cu同位素组成进行了分析,通过与现代海底正在形成的赋存在超镁铁质岩(蛇纹石化橄榄岩)中的块状硫化物矿床进行类比,从构造背景和矿床地质角度探讨了矿床成因,得出以下主要认识:(1)阿尼玛卿构造带可能存在大型拆离断层,超镁铁质岩体和硫化物矿体的产出均与北西向发育的长期活动拆离断层有关;(2)德尔尼矿床属古代海相火山成因块状硫化物矿床,为赋存在超镁铁质岩体中的一个特殊类型(或称为"德尔尼型");(3)硫化物原生矿石Cu同位素组成均为负值,呈富轻Cu同位素特征,表明矿床经历了广泛的后期热液叠加过程。德尔尼矿床控矿构造、岩体特征和后期叠加成矿过程的深入研究不仅对矿床成因认识和找矿具有重要意义,而且为现代海底慢速-超慢速扩张洋中脊超镁铁质岩热液系统成矿研究提供了参考。 相似文献
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桦树沟铜矿床位于北祁连加里东造山带西段。铜矿体赋存于镜铁山BIF型铁矿床桦树沟矿区FeⅤ矿体下盘,矿体受断裂构造控制,矿化岩石主要为铁碧玉岩、石英绢云母千枚岩和碳质千枚岩,围岩蚀变可见硅化、碳酸盐化、绢云母化和绿泥石化。文章对块状铜矿石(富铜矿体)和脉状铜矿石(千枚岩型铜矿体)进行了野外地质特征、矿物学和硫同位素对比研究。富铜矿体与地层产状基本一致,块状矿石矿物组合为黄铜矿+少量黄铁矿+石英+碳酸盐矿物+重晶石,黄铜矿低S、Cu,高Fe。脉状矿石主要表现为石英-碳酸盐-硫化物脉沿千枚理或裂隙产出,矿石矿物组合为黄铜矿+黄铁矿+黝铜矿+镜铁矿+石英+碳酸盐矿物+绢云母+绿泥石,黄铜矿低S高Fe。块状铜矿石中黄铜矿的δ34S变化范围为15.6‰~17.4‰,暗示硫主要来自同期海水。脉状矿石中硫化物的δ34S值低于块状矿石中黄铜矿的δ34S值,黄铜矿、黄铁矿的δ34S值变化范围分别为13.2‰~16.2‰和9.3‰~13.4‰,暗示硫可能主要来自受还原的硫化物和硫酸盐矿物。以上研究表明块状铜矿石和脉状铜矿石可能为不同热事件的产物,结合前人研究成果,笔者认为桦树沟铜矿床为海底喷流沉积叠加后期热液改造成因。绿泥石温度计指示后期热液成矿温度为222℃左右。 相似文献
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河北兴隆县高板河矿床是我国典型的中元古代喷流-沉积(SEDEX)型多金属硫化物矿床,其矿石及赋存围岩类型多样,目前不同类型矿石的主导成矿机制及其成因关系尚存争议。本文聚焦该矿床代表性矿石的硫同位素特征,发现与富锰黑色页岩密切相关的条带状/纹层状黄铁矿矿石和含锰白云岩赋矿的块状、浸染状及脉状硫化物矿石的硫同位素组成呈明显的两端元分布特征：前者主要由自形程度较好的黄铁矿微晶组成,相对富集重的硫同位素(δ34S值在+6.7‰～+27.1‰之间);而后者以粗粒他形黄铁矿为主,硫同位素组成明显偏轻(δ34S值总体在-10.0‰～+5.0‰之间)。不同于传统SEDEX模型强调局限盆地硫化水体环境,本文结合前人对该时期海平面及沉积相变化的认识,提出高板河矿化是海侵向海退转化过程中局部热液喷流活动加强的产物。底板黑色页岩上覆于浅水台地相碳酸盐岩地层以及其下部赋存白云质结核等地质证据指示该套富锰黑色页岩属于海侵成因。海侵过程使得潮下带深水区域形成局部硫化水体环境,低浓度海水硫酸盐几乎完全被还原,使得具有明显沉积特征的条带状/纹层状黄铁矿矿石富集重的硫同位素,其... 相似文献
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慢速—超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
西南印度洋中脊具有慢速—超慢速扩张速率和斜向扩张的特征,是全球洋中脊系统研究的热点之一,也是研究海底构造环境、热液活动、地幔深部过程及其动力学机制的重要区域。在前人工作的基础上较为详细地介绍了西南印度洋中脊的研究历史、地形划分、扩张速率及其构造特征,归纳了西南印度洋中脊热液活动及岩石地球化学特征,探讨了超慢速扩张洋脊和超镁铁质岩系热液系统的特殊性,并认为超慢速扩张洋脊广泛暴露的地幔岩及其蛇纹石化作用、超镁铁质岩系热液系统以及热液硫化物成矿作用是西南印度洋中脊今后研究的重要内容。 相似文献
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Marc Peters Harald Strauss James Farquhar Charlotte Ockert Benjamin Eickmann Cristiane L. Jost 《Chemical Geology》2010,269(3-4):180-196
The role of sulfur in two hydrothermal vent systems, the Logatchev hydrothermal field at 14°45′N/44°58′W and several different vent sites along the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (SMAR) between 4°48′S and 9°33′S and between 12°22′W and 13°12′W, is examined by utilizing multiple sulfur isotope and sulfur concentration data. Isotope compositions for sulfide minerals and vent H2S from different SMAR sites range from + 1.5 to + 8.9‰ in δ34S and from + 0.001 to + 0.051‰ in Δ33S. These data indicate mixing of mantle sulfur with sulfur from seawater sulfate. Combined δ34S and Δ33S systematics reveal that vent sulfide from SMAR is characterized by a sulfur contribution from seawater sulfate between 25 and 33%. This higher contribution, compared with EPR sulfide, indicates increased seawater sulfate reduction at MAR, because of a deeper seated magma chamber and longer fluid upflow path length, and points to fundamental differences with respect to subsurface structures and fluid evolution at slow and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges.Additionally, isotope data uncover non-equilibrium isotopic exchange between dissolved sulfide and sulfate in an anhydrite bearing zone below the vent systems at fluid temperatures between 335 and 400 °C. δ34S values between + 0.2 to + 8.8‰ for dissolved and precipitated sulfide from Logatchev point to the same mixing process between mantle sulfur and sulfur from seawater sulfate as at SMAR. δ34S values between ? 24.5 and + 6.5‰ and Δ33S values between + 0.001 and + 0.125‰ for sulfide-bearing sediments and mafic/ultramafic host rocks from drill cores taken in the region of Logatchev indicate a clear contribution of biogenic sulfides formed via bacterial sulfate reduction. Basalts and basaltic glass from SMAR sites with Δ33S = ? 0.008‰ reveal lower Δ33S lower values than suggested on the basis of previously published isotopic measurements of terrestrial materials.We conclude that the combined use of both δ34S and Δ33S provides a more detailed picture of the sulfur cycling in hydrothermal systems at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and uncovers systematic differences to hydrothermal sites at different mid-ocean ridge sites. Multiple sulfur isotope measurements allow identification of incomplete isotope exchange in addition to isotope mixing as a second important factor influencing the isotopic composition of dissolved sulfide during fluid upflow. Furthermore, based on Δ33S we are able to clearly distinguish biogenic from hydrothermal sulfides in sediments even when δ34S were identical. 相似文献
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Studies of sulfur and lead isotopic compositions in hydrothermal deposits are an important tool to determine the source and processes of both sulfur and lead, and to understand the origin of hydrothermal ore deposits. Here, the sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of sulfide minerals have been studied for different hydrothermal fields in the East Pacific Rise (EPR), Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), Central Indian Ridge (CIR), Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR), and North Fiji Basin (NFB). The sulfur isotopic compositions of the studied sulfide samples are variable (δ34S 0.0 to 9.6‰, avg. δ34S 4.7‰; n = 60), being close to the associated igneous rocks (~ 0‰ for, e.g., basalt, serpentinized peridotite), which may reflect the S in the sulfide samples is derived mainly from the associated igneous rocks, and a relatively small proportion (< 36%) of seawater sulfur incorporated into these sulfides during mixing between seawater (δ34S 21‰) and hydrothermal fluid. In contrast for a mixed origin for the source of S, the majority of the lead isotopic compositions (206Pb/204Pb 17.541 ± 0.004 to 19.268 ± 0.001, 207Pb/204Pb 15.451 ± 0.001 to 15.684 ± 0.001, 208Pb/204Pb 37.557 ± 0.008 to 38.988 ± 0.002, n = 21) of the sulfides possess a basaltic Pb isotopic composition, suggesting that the lead in the massive sulfide is mainly leached from local basaltic rocks that host the sub-seafloor hydrothermal systems in sediment-free mid-ocean ridges and mature back-arc basins. Furthermore, sulfide minerals in the super-fast and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges (MORs) exhibit less spread in their the δ34S values compared to sulfides from super-slow, and slow spreading MORs, which is most easily explained as a lesser degree of fluid-rock interaction and hydrothermal fluid-seawater mixing during hydrothermal ore-forming process. Additionally, the S and Pb isotope compositions of sulfides are controlled by the fluid processes for forming seafloor massive sulfide deposits. We demonstrate that the variable sulfur and lead isotopic compositions exhibit a relationship with the sulfur and lead sources, fluid–rock interaction, and fluid–seawater mixing. 相似文献
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广西武宣盘龙铅锌矿喷流沉积成矿作用:稀土元素和硫同位素证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
盘龙铅锌矿是桂中地区典型的大型铅锌矿床.文章系统地总结了该矿床的地质特征,初步提出了矿床的成因类型.研究结果表明:盘龙铅锌矿位于大瑶山西侧铅锌多金属成矿带南段,矿体顺层发育于下泥盆统上伦组白云岩中.矿床中发育层状、条纹-条带状构造、同沉积角砾岩和层间揉皱等,沉积特征明显,矿化与白云岩化、重晶石化及硅质岩关系比较密切.稀... 相似文献
17.
内蒙古赤峰市白音诺尔铅锌矿沉积喷流成因:地质和硫同位素证据 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
位于大兴安岭中段的内蒙古赤峰市白音诺尔铅锌矿产于二叠系黄岗梁组地层中,矿体分布受褶皱构造控制。矿体主要由层纹状、浸染状、块状构造矿石构成。矿区内矿化类型以层纹状、层状矿化为主,晚期为脉状矿化。矿床矿石硫化物硫同位素分析表明,早期矿化与晚期矿化具有不同的硫同位素特征：早期矿化硫化物的δ34Ｓ值(平均-4.31‰)明显小于晚期矿化硫化物的δ34Ｓ值(平均值为-1.83‰)。综合研究表明,白音诺尔铅锌矿是沉积喷流型铅锌矿床,受到燕山期岩浆热液活动叠加,主成矿期发生于二叠纪。 相似文献
18.
V.V. Ryabov O.N. Simonov S.G. Snisar A.A. Borovikov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):945-961
The source of sulfur in giant Norilsk-type sulfide deposits is discussed. A review of the state of the problem and a critical analysis of existing hypotheses are made. The distribution of δ34S in sulfides of ore occurrences and small and large deposits and in normal sedimentary, metamorphogenic, and hypogene sulfates is considered. A large number of new δ34S data for sulfides and sulfates in various deposits, volcanic and terrigenous rocks, coals, graphites, and metasomatites are presented. The main attention is focused on the objects of the Norilsk and Kureika ore districts. The δ34S value varies from -14 to + 22.5‰ in sulfides of rocks and ores and from 15.3 to 33‰ in anhydrites. In sulfide-sulfate intergrowths and assemblages, δ34S is within 4.2-14.6‰ in sulfides and within 15.3-21.3‰ in anhydrites. The most isotopically heavy sulfur was found in pyrrhotite veins in basalts (δ34S = 21.6‰), in sulfate veins cutting dolomites (δ34S = 33‰), and in subsidence caldera sulfates in basalts (δ34S = 23.2-25.2‰). Sulfide ores of the Tsentral’naya Shilki intrusion have a heavy sulfur isotope composition (δ34S = + 17.7‰ (n = 15)). Thermobarogeochemical studies of anhydrites have revealed inclusions of different types with homogenization temperatures ranging from 685 °C to 80 °C. Metamorphogenic and hypogene anhydrites are associated with a carbonaceous substance, and hypogene anhydrites have inclusions of chloride-containing salt melts. We assume that sulfur in the trap sulfide deposits was introduced with sulfates of sedimentary rocks (δ34S = 22-24‰). No assimilation of sulfates by basaltic melt took place. The sedimentary anhydrites were “steamed” by hydrocarbons, which led to sulfate reduction and δ34S fractionation. As a result, isotopically light sulfur accumulated in sulfides and hydrogen sulfide, isotopically heavy sulfur was removed by aqueous calcium sulfate solution, and “residual” metamorphogenic anhydrite acquired a lighter sulfur isotope composition as compared with the sedimentary one. The wide variations in δ34S in sulfides and sulfates are due to changes in the physicochemical parameters of the ore-forming system (first of all, temperature and Pch4) during the sulfate reduction. The regional hydrocarbon resources were sufficient for large-scale ore formation. 相似文献
19.
Ryohei Takahashi Hiroharu Matsueda Victor M. Okrugin Naotatsu Shikazono Shuji Ono Akira Imai Elena D. Andreeva Koichiro Watanabe 《Resource Geology》2013,63(2):210-223
In Kamchatka, Central Koryak, Central Kamchatka and East Kamchatka metallogenic belts are distributed from northwest to southeast. K–Ar age, sulfur isotopic composition of sulfide minerals, and bulk chemical compositions of ores were analyzed for 13 ore deposits including hydrothermal gold‐silver and base metal, in order to elucidate the geological time periods of ore formation, relationship to regional volcanic belts, type of mineralization, and origin of sulfur in sulfides. The dating yielded ore‐forming ages of 41 Ma for the Ametistovoe deposit in the Central Koryak, 17.1 Ma for the Zolotoe deposit and 6.9 Ma for the Aginskoe deposit in the Central Kamchatka, and 7.4 Ma for the Porozhistoe deposit and 5.1 Ma for the Vilyuchinskoe deposit in the East Kamchatka metallogenic belt. The data combined with previous data of ore‐forming ages indicate that the time periods of ore formation in these metallogenic belts become young towards the southeast. The averaged δ34SCDT of sulfides are ?2.8‰ for the Ametistovoe deposit in Central Koryak, ?1.8‰ to +2.0‰ (av. ?0.1‰) for the Zolotoe, Aginskoe, Baranievskoe and Ozernovskoe deposits in Central Kamchatka, and ?0.7 to +3.8‰ (av. +1.7‰) for Bolshe‐Bannoe, Kumroch, Vilyuchinskoe, Bystrinskoe, Asachinskoe, Rodnikovoe, and Mutnovskoe deposits in East Kamchatka. The negative δ34SCDT value from the Ametistovoe deposit in Central Koryak is ascribed to the contamination of 32S‐enriched sedimentary sulfur in the Ukelayat‐Lesnaya River trough of basement rock. Comparison of the sulfur isotope compositions of the mineral deposits shows similarity between the Central Koryak and Magadan metallogenic belts, and East Kamchatka and Kuril Islands belts. The Central Kamchatka belt is intermediate between these two groups in term of sulfur isotopic composition. 相似文献
20.
古代与现代海底黑矿型块状硫化物矿床矿石地球化学比较研究 总被引：33，自引：1，他引：33
选择西南太平洋冲绳海槽现代海底烟囱硫化物矿床、日本小坂矿山上向黑矿（第三纪）和中国西南呷村黑矿型矿床（三叠纪）进行了矿石地球化学比较研究。黑矿型矿床矿石吨位－品位模式与其他火山成因块状硫化物（ＶＭＳ）矿床类似，矿田（２０－５０ｋｍ＾２）矿石吨位与单个喷气－沉积型（Ｓｅｄｅｘ）矿床相当，金属总量４－６Ｍｔ，为矿田范围内热液流体搬运的最大金属量。与洋脊环境ＶＭＳ矿床相比，岛弧裂谷环境产出的黑矿型矿床相 相似文献