共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
底栖有孔虫壳体Mg/Ca是重建深层水团古温度的主要指标。通过分析表层沉积物样品中底栖有孔虫Uvigerina peregrina壳体的Mg/Ca和δ18 O,探讨了"Mg/Ca古温度重建方法"在白令海低温水体中的可行性及其转换函数。结果表明,利用U.peregrina壳体δ18 O换算的"结壳温度"明显低于"现代水团温度",不能客观反映温度对Mg/Ca的控制作用;可能受季节性变化的影响,水深小于150m样品中U.peregrina壳体的Mg/Ca与"现代水团温度"之间并没有表现出明显的相关性,但是,在深海区两者之间却呈现出良好的指数关系:Mg/Ca=0.69*e0.43*T。该公式指出白令海低温水体中Mg/Ca对温度的敏感性约为43%℃-1,由其估算的温度误差约为0.2℃。 相似文献
2.
对南海34个站位表层沉积中的钙质超微化石进行了氧碳稳定同位素分析.结果表明,钙质超微化石δ^18O化范围为-2.656‰～0.006‰,平均为-1.517‰;δ13C值变化范围为-1.510‰～0.778‰,平均为0.140‰.通过与有孔虫同位素分析结果相比较,发现钙质超微化石δ^18O高于浮游有孔虫而低于底栖有孔虫,δ13C值低于浮游有孔虫而高于底栖有孔虫.从平面分布来看,南海表层沉积钙质超微化石氧同位素在东北和西南各存在一个小于-1.5‰的低值区,碳同位素在东北存在一个小于0的低值区.钙质超微化石与有孔虫同位素值的差异性可能与其生命效应及生活环境有关.而钙质超微化石与有孔虫同位素平面分布规律上的不同也揭示了海水温度、盐度、营养水平等海洋参数可能对超微化石和有孔虫同位素的分馏起不同控制作用. 相似文献
3.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(3)
对东海陆架泥质沉积区MD06-3040柱状样有孔虫进行了地球化学分析,获得了底栖有孔虫(Rotalinoides gaimardii)Mg/Ca和δ18O及浮游有孔虫(Globigerina bulloides)δ18O等的高分辨率记录。通过与微体化石群、沉积物粒度等古环境替代性指标对比分析,认为研究区有孔虫Mg/Ca和δ18O的变化主要受浙闽沿岸流和台湾暖流及其相关的东亚季风所控制,并推测了研究区近8千年来的古环境演变过程:8.0~4.1 cal.kaBP时期,夏季风盛行,台湾暖流和黑潮发育强盛,底层和表层海水都具有较高的温度、盐度和δ18O值,其中底层海水温度在5.7~5.2和4.6~4.1 cal.kaBP两个时期最高;4.1~0.4 cal.kaBP时期,冬季风盛行,台湾暖流和黑潮影响减弱,浙闽沿岸流发育增强,使海水温度和盐度及δ18O显著下降;0.4 cal.kaBP以来夏季风再次变强,台湾暖流和黑潮的影响随之增强,海水温度又明显上升。 相似文献
4.
用相同pH值的醋酸(HAc)-醋酸钠(NaAc)缓冲溶液,对不同大小、属种的底栖有孔虫壳体进行溶解试验,并结合壳体成分、壳壁厚度、壳壁孔的有无、大小及密度进行了综合分析.本文认为,引起有孔虫壳差异溶解的因素首先是壳体大小,其次是壳体成分和壳体结构;通过不同pH值的醋酸-醋酸钠溶液对有孔虫壳体的溶解试验,发现pH在5.5-6.0之间时(常温、常压),有孔虫壳的溶解作用最为稳定.本文还讨论了浅水底栖有孔虫的保存问题. 相似文献
5.
浮游有孔虫壳体氧同位素的古水温及古盐度意义--以东北印度洋260ka以来沉积记录为例 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以东北印度洋的两支岩心为研究对象,由稳定同位素质谱仪获得浮游有孔虫壳体Globigerinoides ruber的δ^18O.研究表明,利用壳体δ^18o计算表层海水温度必须充分考虑盐度效应的影响,在近岸的边缘海,盐度影响甚至大于温度的影响。通过分析SSTMg/Ca与SSTδ^18O的关系以及海水背景值δ^18Ow与盐度的关系,计算出了东北印度洋260ka以来各时期较准确的海水盐度值。结果表明,冰期盐度高而间冰期盐度低,且冰期时南北盐度梯度明显小于间冰期是该区显著的盐度分布和变化特征,这是特定的地理位置受南亚季风带来的蒸发-降水-淡水输入等诸多因素控制的结果。 相似文献
6.
研究中国降雨格局变化对理解东亚夏季风演化意义重大。本文分析了珠江三角洲柱状样ZJK03-Z中浅水底栖有孔虫常见种Rotalidium annectens的平均初房大小、微球型/显球型比值和壳体δ18O值,以及底栖有孔虫组合中瓷质壳的百分含量,探讨它们对由夏季风降雨引起的河口水体盐度变化的响应,得到了珠江三角洲3114—1260a BP季风降雨的强度变化,识别出了这期间14次季风降雨减少的偏干期。与南美洲Cariaco海盆的钛含量记录对比,二者一致的结果表明,珠江三角洲晚全新世的东亚夏季风降雨与热带辐合带(ITCZ)的南北移动密切相关:夏季风降雨减少,对应于ITCZ纬度位置的南移。 相似文献
7.
俄勒冈州外海水合物脊现代甲烷渗漏区的发现，为研究甲烷对活体有孔虫生态和地球化学方面的影响提供了机会。2002年在水合物脊南部高点获取一批岩心。样品经保存和染色后用来测定Uvigerina peregrina、Cibicidoidesmckannai和Globobuliminaauriculata3个底栖有孔虫属种的活体（经染色）和死体的碳同位素（δ13C）组成。有孔虫样经光学显微镜和扫描电镜检查，未发现有成岩作用或自生碳酸盐沉淀作用的迹象。渗漏区活底栖有孔虫单体记录的乎δ13C值在-0．4％--21．2％0之间，说明受高浓度甲烷碳同位素的影响。渗漏区底栖有孔虫护C平均值（由单体样品计算）范围在-1．28％--5．64％0之间，而背景区（没有甲烷渗漏）的介于-0．81％--0．85％之间。为了解环境因素对底栖有孔虫δ13C值的影响，对细菌席和蛤床两种截然不同的甲烷渗漏环境的底栖有孔虫进行研究。细菌席区的有孔虫单体比蛤床区的具有更负的δ13C值。我们解释这种差异是食物来源或共生细菌对底栖有孔虫δ13C值影响的结果，通过溶解无机碳（DIC）作用于底栖有孔虫，使其δ13C值负偏移。对比活体和死体底栖有孔虫的δ13C值，并未发现统计上的差异。这说明自生碳酸盐沉淀作用未在观测到的同位素组成中起主导作用。然而，少量极度亏损δ13C（〈-12％）的死体底栖有孔虫确实显示了自生碳酸盐岩沉积对有孔虫δ13C值影响的潜在证据。 相似文献
8.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(2)
有孔虫壳体的氧同位素值(δ18 O)是由其生长时海水δ18 O和温度决定的,在海水δ18 O已知的情况下,可以由壳体的δ18 O值估算海水温度。本文以南海北部沿岸地区9个站位的柱状沉积物中浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber为研究对象,测试了其壳体的δ18 O值。分别以相应站点夏季与冬季表层海水的实测δ18 O值代入温度公式,估算了对应的夏季与冬季的海水温度值。然后把计算结果与World Ocean Atlas(WOA)数据库相应站点的海水温度数据作比较。结果表明,计算出的夏季海水温度与WOA的夏季温度有较大差别,而计算出的冬季海水温度则与WOA的冬季海水温度基本相当。这说明δ18 Oruber记录的是该区域冬季表层海水的温度,此区域内G.ruber这一属种的生产力和沉积通量在东亚冬季风盛行期间出现了最高值。 相似文献
9.
浙江海岸带表层沉积物中有孔虫的分布及其影响因子 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对浙江沿岸潮间带和水深小于20m浅海区的102个表层沉积样品的有孔虫分析,发现研究区内有孔虫的数量和组合存在明显差异。潮间带底栖和浮游有孔虫的数量明显低于浅水区,底栖有孔虫数量分布趋势是由北向南逐渐增加,而浮游有孔虫恰好与底栖有孔虫相反。除杭州湾外,潮间带的浮游有孔虫相当稀少。根据有孔虫动物群的数量及分布特点,研究区的底栖有孔虫可分为3个组合和5个亚组合。文中还叙述了玻璃状壳,似瓷状壳和胶结壳等各类壳的分布特点。最后讨论了有孔虫分布与水深、温度、盐度、搬运作用和“稀释”作用等的相互关系。 相似文献
10.
11.
Caterina Casagranda Mohamed Sadok Dridi Charles Franois Boudouresque 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,66(3-4):437-446
Abundance, population structure and production of the macro-invertebrates belonging to the functional feeding group of the shredders were studied in the Ichkeul wetland, northern Tunisia, from July 1993 to April 1994. Mean above-ground macrophyte biomass was at a maximum in September followed by a complete breakdown of the Potamogeton pectinatus L. meadow from October onward due to high salinity following an exceptionally dry winter. Only the meadow of Ruppia cirrhosa (Petagna) Grande at Tinja remained in place. Abundance of Gammarus aequicauda (Martynov 1931), Idotea chelipes (Pallas 1766) and Sphaeroma hookeri Leach 1814 was significantly related to the R. cirrhosa biomass. Gammarus aequicauda presented two recruitment periods in spring and autumn, and S. hookeri a third one in winter. The population of I. chelipes was renewed during winter by continued reproduction without any spring generation. Recruitment of all three species was not very successful during the study period. Life span of all three species was between 12 and 15 months. Despite their relatively low biomass and production rate, the shredders have a key function in processing macrophyte matter to different trophic levels through fragmentation and accelerating the decomposition of macrophyte biomass accumulated at the end of the growth season in the Ichkeul lagoon. 相似文献
12.
经济海藻繁育、养殖及综合利用是海洋农牧业及工业的重要组成部分。20世纪经过几代人的努力，我国在海带、紫菜、裙带菜及龙须菜的繁育、养殖关键技术等方面成功取得突破，为这些海藻的产业化提供坚实的保障，为我国成为世界海藻大国奠定了基础。海藻养殖产业为人们提供了食品、藻胶及其它丰富的产品，这包括保健品、功能食品、化妆品及药物等。海藻养殖产业也对人类经济、社会的发展起到重要作用，通过吸收环境中的二氧化碳、氮和磷，为海洋生态环境的改善发挥了重要作用。本文对我国海藻繁育、养殖及综合开发的历程进行简要回顾，对当前我国、中国科学院海洋研究海藻研究与应用进行了总结，对海藻研究发展的未来进行了展望；适应海藻产业从量向质的方向转变，同时兼顾生态环境效益，为我国海藻研发及应用提供参考。 相似文献
13.
对患病的单环刺螠幼体3 000～4 000只/kg肠道内病原菌进行分离鉴定、生长特性研究及药敏分析,为人工养殖单环刺螠幼体过程中出现的疾病提供治疗依据。对患病幼体肠道内的病原菌进行分离纯化、生理生化鉴定、16S rRNA基因序列分析、人工回接感染试验、生长曲线测定、最适生长温度、pH、盐度的探究;采用K-B纸片扩散法对米诺环素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、头孢唑林、四环素中度敏感,对阿奇霉素、新霉素、万古霉素、利福平、红霉素、克林霉素、阿莫西林进行药敏试验;并对抑菌效果最好的药品进行安全性检测。分离纯化后经生理生化鉴定获得一种弧菌命名为菌株SX-1,16S rRNA基因序列分析极有可能为新喀里多尼亚弧菌(Vibrioneocaledonicus),人工回接感染试验表明SX-1是单环刺螠幼体从沙底钻出,活动能力减弱,体表变红症状的致病菌,生长特性研究表明其最适生长温度、pH、盐度分别为30℃, 6.0, 35;药敏试验结果表明, SX-1对氯霉素、羧苄西林、氧氟沙星、头孢曲松高度敏感,安全性检测实验表明,氧氟沙星抑菌治疗效果明显,并对单环刺螠无伤害。从单环刺螠肠道内分离获得了一种极有可能为新喀里多尼亚弧菌(Vibrio neocaledonicus)的致病菌SX-1。对于感染该种弧菌的单环刺螠,氧氟沙星抑菌治疗效果明显,并对单环刺螠无伤害。我们的实验结果对于预防并治疗人工养殖过程中单环刺螠患病提供理论依据和治疗模式,因而具有实际指导意义。 相似文献
14.
Barik Tapan K. Swain Surya N. Sahu Bijayalaxmi Tripathy Bibarani Acharya Usha R. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):26-35
Marine ecosystems provide a wide variety of diverse habitats that frequently promote migration and ecological adaptation. The extent to which the geographic distribution of marine organism has reshaped by human activities remains underappreciated. The limitations intrinsic to morphology-based identification systems have engendered an urgent need for reliable genetic methods that enable the unequivocal recognition of fish species,particularly those that are prone to overexploitation and/or market substitution. In the present study, however, an attempt has been taken to identify two locally adapted fish species, Siganus sutor(Valenciennes, 1835) and Seriolina nigrofasciata(Rüppell, 1829) of order Perciformes, which happens to be the first record in Odisha coast,Bay of Bengal. The diagnostic characteristics of Siganus sutor are: dorsal fin XIII-10, anal fin VII-9, pectoral fin 15,pelvic fin II-3, while that of Seriolina nigrofasciata dorsal fin VI-I-35, anal fin I-17, pectoral fin 16, pelvic fin 5. All COI barcodes generated in this study were matched with reference sequences of expected species, according to morphological identification. Bayesian and likelihood phylogenetic trees were drawn based on DNA barcodes and all the specimens clustered in agreement with their taxonomic classification at the species level. The phylogeographic studies based on haplotype network and migration rates suggest that both the species were not panmitic and the high-frequency population distribution indicates successful migration. The result of this study provides an important validation of the use of DNA barcode sequences for monitoring species diversity and changes within a complex marine ecosystem. 相似文献
15.
The aim of the present study was to investigate seasonal and spatial patterns of soil oxygen consumption, nitrification, denitrification and fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in a tidal salt marsh of the Lagoon of Venice, Italy. In the salt marsh, intact soil cores including overlying water were collected monthly at high tide from April to October in salt marsh creeks and in areas covered by the dominant vegetation, Limonium serotinum. In May, cores were also collected in areas with vegetation dominated by Juncus maritimus and Halimione portulacoides. In laboratory incubations at in situ temperature in the dark, flux rates of oxygen and DIN were monitored in the overlying water of the intact cores. 15N-nitrate was added to the overlying water and nitrification and denitrification were measured using isotope-dilution and -pairing techniques. The results show that highest soil oxygen consumption coincided with the highest water temperature in June and July. The highest denitrification rates were recorded in spring and autumn coinciding with the highest nitrate concentrations. Soil oxygen consumption and nitrification rates differed between sampling sites, but denitrification rates were similar among the different vegetation types. The highest rates were recorded in areas covered with L. serotinum. Burrowing soil macrofauna enhanced oxygen consumption, nitrification and denitrification in April and May. The data presented in this study indicate high temporal as well as spatial variations in the flux of oxygen and DIN, and nitrogen transformations in the tidal salt marshes of the Venice lagoon during the growth season. The results identify the salt marshes of the Venice lagoon as being metabolically very active ecosystems with a high capacity to process nitrogen. 相似文献
16.
作为重要的免疫基因, NK-lysin参与了鱼类非特异性免疫系统对抗病原感染的免疫应答过程。在之前的研究中, 我们已经发现重要经济鱼类大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)体内存在2种类型的NK-lysin基因。在本文中我们报道了1种新型大黄鱼NK-lysin基因Lcnkl3, 并对基因序列、表达特征及其多肽片段的抗菌活性进行了分析。Lcnkl3基因的开放阅读框长度为435 bp, 编码144个氨基酸残基, 其多肽序列Lcnkl3中包含Saposin B结构域及6个高度保守的半胱氨酸残基。系统进化分析表明Lcnkl3与大黄鱼Lcnkl2最为相似, 与其他鱼类NK-lysin多肽则差异较大。Lcnkl3基因在未受感染的大黄鱼各组织中具有不同的基础表达量, 表达水平最高的组织为心脏。在病原诱导的免疫应答过程中, Lcnkl3基因在各组织不同感染阶段的表达模式存在差异。源于Lcnkl3成熟肽序列的多肽片段对不同细菌的抑制和杀灭效果差异显著。以上结果表明Lcnkl3属于大黄鱼NK-lysin基因家族, 并参与了大黄鱼对抗病原感染的免疫过程。 相似文献
17.
为鲆鲽鱼耐低温标记辅助育种研究和应用提供候选基因,并了解耐寒相关基因在低温下的表达图示,作者通过同源克隆以及5?/3?RACE的方法扩增得到了牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)CIRP和HMGB1基因。组织表达谱分析显示,这两个基因在脑、鳃、心脏、肌肉、肝脏、肠等组织均有表达,但HMGB1基因在鳃中表达较弱。低温胁迫后,两基因随着胁迫时间的延长其表达量在肌肉中都出现先上升后下降的趋势:在0~12 h逐渐上升并达到最大值,然后下降恢复至最初水平。但在肝脏和脑组织中的变化趋势却不同,低温胁迫后0~2 h HMGB1基因在脑中的表达量上升至最高,然后下降至最初水平,在肝脏中变化不大。而CIRP基因在低温胁迫后0~2 h在肝脏中表达量处于上升趋势,然后下降至初始水平,在脑中变化不大。由此推测,这两个基因在低温条件下都参与了机体对外界的抵抗,特别是在抵抗外界寒冷的主要组织—肌肉中发挥作用,可能共同参与了机体的免疫反应,对低温胁迫环境下的鱼体进行保护,可以作为鱼类耐低温标记筛选的候选基因。 相似文献
18.
研究了海洋真菌介导邻-、间-、对-溴苯乙酮的不对称还原反应。具体考察了Rhodotorulamucilageinosa GIM 2.157对邻-、间-、对-溴苯乙酮的催化活性和对映选择性,并综合考察了反应温度、pH、反应时间和底物浓度等因素对还原产物的产率及立体选择性的影响。确定最佳反应条件:反应温度为25℃,反应体系的pH为7,反应时间为24 h,底物浓度为10 mmol/L。在最佳条件下,产率以及立体选择性均99%。 相似文献
19.
A few species in the genus Grateloupia (Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta) have been investigated in detail with respect to morphological observations and molecular analyses.In this study,the authors document the vegetative and reproductive structures of two new species of Grateloupia,G.dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao,sp.nov.and G.yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan,sp.nov.They both have the morphological character that carpogonial ampullae and auxiliary cell ampullae are the simple Grateloupia-type.The two species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by their distinctive morphological features respectively.Based on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene sequences,the phylogenetic tree obtained in the study indicated that they are both embedded within the Grateloupia clade.G.dalianensis clusters a subclade with G.asiatica,and G.yinggehaiensis forms a single monophyletic subclade with G.hawaiiana. 相似文献
20.
Vertical and horizontal distribution of meiofauna in mangrove sediments in Transkei, southern Africa
The depth-distribution profiles of meiofauna in four transects in the Mngazana River, Transkei were studied during summer 1980. Highest densities [±1000(100 cm3)−1] were encountered within the top 10 cm of the sediment. Nematodes dominated (80%) and the remainder was made up of ciliates, oligochaetes, gastrotrichs, and low numbers of polychaetes, copepods, kinorhynchs and various crustacean larvae. Among chemical parameters Eh correlated most consistantly with distribution, particularly at the lower tidal levels. Temperature and pH appeared to be of lesser importance. The maximum estimated depth of penetration was on average 72 cm at the HW levels; 32 at MW and 23 at LW. The mean dry biomass was estimated at 1073 mg m−2; 941 mg m−2 and 196 mg m−2 at these tidal levels respectively. The importance of preliminary studies designed to estimate the depth distribution of meiofauna is discussed. 相似文献