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延边小西南岔富金铜矿床的成矿机理研究: 矿物流体包裹体的稀有气体同位素地球化学证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
小西南岔富金铜矿床是中国东部陆缘重要金铜矿床之一. 该矿床由北山和南山两个矿段组成, 北山矿段由细脉浸染状硫化物蚀变岩和数条胶黄铁矿为主的硫化物石英细脉组成, 南山矿段由磁黄铁矿为主的硫化物石英脉及纯硫化物脉构成; 它们矿石矿物的流体包裹体稀有气体的同位素实验得出: 3He/4He, 20Ne/22Ne和40Ar/36Ar比值变化分别在0.08~4.45 Ra, 8.8~10.2和306~430之间, 且南山矿段矿物流体包裹体具有较高的3He/4He, 20Ne/22Ne比值, 北山矿段的矿物流体包裹体持有较低3He/4He比值. 从其成矿流体起源与演化以及与矿化阶段的对应关系、成矿时代角度分析, 该矿床的初始热流体应是来自有地幔柱型地幔/软流圈流体参与的洋壳部分熔融产生的熔体, 并与伊泽奈崎(Izanagi ocaneic plate)板块向古亚洲大陆俯冲的大陆边缘环境相对应(123~102 Ma); 北山矿段细脉浸染型矿体是高温含矿流体上升、沸腾的前缘流体与年轻地壳流体发生强烈混合作用后的混合流体交代、结晶作用形成, 胶黄铁矿为主的硫化物石英脉是随后的高温含矿流体充填作用形成; 南山矿段磁黄铁矿为主的硫化物石英脉是中温含矿流体以充填方式为主沉淀结晶形成, 纯硫化物脉是再度上升的中温含矿流体沸腾后的富矿流体充填、沉淀结晶作用形成. 其成矿的动力学过程初步概括为: (1) 伊泽奈崎板块俯冲去气、脱水或部分熔融作用形成含流体、矿质的埃达克质岩浆; (2) 熔体与流体分离形成埃达克质岩浆和含矿热流体; (3) 含矿流体先后上升、并经二次沸腾作用最终形成细脉浸染状与脉状共生的富金铜矿床. 相似文献
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通过对我国西南“三江”地区嘎村与老厂两个大型海相火山岩型银矿床和我国东部及新疆天山地区陆相火山岩-次火山岩型银矿的地质地球化学研究,认为海相火山岩型银矿床主要产于岛弧、裂谷构造环境的次级火山-沉积盆地中,矿床具有明显的分带现象,下部为脉状-网脉状矿化,上部为产于热水沉积岩中的层状矿化(主矿体),从地表向深部成矿元素为As(Au)→Ag,Pb,Zn→Cu,嘎村矿床的层状矿体全岩Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄为(204±14)Ma,主成矿期为晚三叠世。陆相火山-次火山岩(斑岩)型银矿床银矿形成时代多晚于围岩,矿石构造以浸染状、细脉浸染状、网脉状和团块状为主。并详细地研究了陆相火山岩-次火山岩型银矿床的矿床地球化学特征和银矿床或银与萤石、卤素元素、锰的关系。 相似文献
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我国与火山岩有关的大型、超大型银矿床 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对我国西南“三江”地区嘎村与老厂两个大型海相火山岩型银矿床和我国东部及新疆天山地区陆相火山岩次火山岩型银矿的地质地球化学研究,认为海相火山岩型银矿床主要产于岛弧、裂谷构造环境的次级火山-沉积盆地中,矿床具有明显的分带现象,下部为脉状-网脉状矿化,上部为产于热水沉积岩中的层状矿化(主矿体),从地表向深部成矿元素为As(Au)→Ag,Pb,Zn→Cu,嘎村矿床的层状矿体全岩Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄为(204±14)Ma,主成矿期为晚三叠世.陆相火山-次火山岩(斑岩)型银矿床银矿形成时代多晚于围岩,矿石构造以浸染状、细脉浸染状、网脉状和团块状为主并详细地研究了陆相火山岩-次火山岩型银矿床的矿床地球化学特征和银矿床或银与萤石、卤素元素、锰的关系. 相似文献
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铜陵新桥硫铁矿床中胶状黄铁矿微尺度观察及其成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新桥硫铁矿床是铜陵矿集区代表性的层状硫化物矿床,该矿床主要由层状、似层状矿体组成,伴有矽卡岩型、热液脉型矿体．黄铁矿是层状矿体中主要硫化物矿物,以胶状、细粒．中粗粒结构,块状构造产出,后期热动力作用使得胶状黄铁矿重结晶为细粒．粗粒黄铁矿,甚至相变为磁黄铁矿．本文利用粉晶x射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和高分辨透射电镜（HR-TEM）对新桥硫铁矿床中的胶状黄铁矿物相、形貌、微结构进行研究,结果发现胶状黄铁矿基本由黄铁矿组成,表现为纳米．亚微米粒状、花瓣状和似生物状形态．粒状黄铁矿以自形一半自形立方体为主,球形、短柱状等他形为辅,粒径大约10～500nm;扫描电镜对胶状黄铁矿大量观察发现,自形．半自形黄铁矿颗粒粒径大于它形黄铁矿颗粒,显示黄铁矿从小颗粒、不规则形态向大颗粒、自形晶演化趋势．花瓣黄铁矿主要由纳米粒级自形一半自形粒状黄铁矿组成,花瓣直径介于5-10μm,类似于生物成因的草莓黄铁矿．这些形貌和微结构特征显示胶状黄铁矿为微生物参与的矿化产物;新桥硫铁矿中胶状黄铁矿形貌和微结构差异是其就位空间和演化过程差异所致．该研究为新桥矿床乃至铜陵矿集区胶状黄铁矿成因和成矿作用提供了微尺度的矿物学支撑． 相似文献
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安徽铜陵狮子山铜-金矿床流体多次沸腾及其与成矿的关系 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
安徽铜陵狮子山铜-金矿床有两种与岩浆热液有关的矿化类型: 隐爆角砾岩型和矽卡岩型. 矿床中的成矿流体至少发生过四次沸腾. 第一次发生于隐爆角砾岩阶段, 熔体-流体包裹体温度高于600℃, 盐度超过42%(质量百分比, 下同)NaCl equiv, 代表了一种富水残浆; 第二次发生于矽卡岩化过程中, 流体温度为422℃~472℃, 平均458℃, 盐度为10.2%~45.1% NaCl equiv; 第三次发生于主成矿阶段, 即石英-硫化物阶段, 其流体温度337℃~439℃, 平均390℃, 盐度3%~30% NaCl equiv; 第四次发生于成矿晚阶段, 流体温度低于350℃, 平均265℃, 盐度2.1%~40.4% NaCl equiv. 氢、氧同位素测定表明, 成矿流体主要来自岩浆. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学》2017,(11)
南岭及邻区分布一系列与中生代花岗岩有关的锡矿床,这些岩石可以是含角闪石黑云母花岗岩,或是(黄玉)钠长石-(铁)锂云母花岗岩,其岩石化学特征指示它们分别对应于准铝质和过铝质花岗岩.细致的矿物学研究表明它们具有完全不同的矿物学特征.准铝质含锡花岗岩的矿物学特征表现为:(1)角闪石、黑云母、条纹长石等组成特征性的造岩矿物组合:(2)标志性副矿物榍石、磁铁矿等显示其原始岩浆具有较高的氧逸度;(3)含锡矿物为锡石、黑云母、榍石等;(4)锡石的成分比较纯,微量元素含量低.过铝质含锡花岗岩的矿物学特征主要表现为:(1)铁锂云母-锂云母、钾长石、钠长石为典型造岩矿物;(2)富铝矿物黄玉是较常见的副矿物,与花岗岩铝过饱和特征相符;(3)锡石是重要的锡矿物,且富含Nb、Ta.造成两类含锡花岗岩显著矿物学差异的原因可能包括熔体的氧逸度、挥发组分和岩浆分异程度的差异.氧化型准铝质花岗岩熔体中锡以四价为主,这导致锡容易富集在含钛的造岩矿物或副矿物中,在岩浆结晶分异阶段形成富锡矿物;这些富锡矿物可成为含锡花岗岩的标志性矿物.相对还原的过铝质花岗岩熔体中锡以二价为主,不易进入造岩矿物和副矿物,常常在岩浆结晶分异阶段形成岩浆成因的锡石;因此,岩浆成因锡石成为这类花岗岩的重要成矿和找矿标志.岩浆性质和锡在两类花岗岩岩浆中地球化学行为的差异,导致形成的矿床类型有所不同.准铝质花岗岩主要形成岩体浸染型、绿泥石-石英脉型、云英岩型、矽卡岩型等矿床,而过铝质花岗岩除形成云英岩型、矽卡岩型、石英脉型等矿床外,更易形成岩体浸染型锡矿化. 相似文献
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梅子坑钼矿位于九岭钨钼成矿带,为中型石英脉型钼矿床。矿区内地层和岩浆岩钼元素含量分别是克拉克值的43倍和21倍。矿体赋存于双桥山群修水组浅变质岩系中及北西向断裂控制的裂隙密集带中;矿石主要类型为石英脉型,矿石有益组分为辉钼矿,形成于石英-黄铁矿-辉钼矿-黄铜矿早期矿化阶段。矿床可能与隐伏的燕山期细粒花岗岩、花岗斑岩岩脉有成因关系,属与燕山期岩浆活动有关的中-高温热液矿床。北西向断裂密集带,硅化、云英岩化、黄铁矿化围岩蚀变,燕山期花岗岩类及双桥山群浅变质岩系,是其主要找矿标志。 相似文献
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金川超镁铁岩侵入体及超大型硫化物矿床的成岩成矿机制 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：19
金川超镁铁岩侵入体赋存有超大型硫化物矿床 .岩体中、西段为岩浆通道 ,岩相对称分带 ,矿体产于中部的纯橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩中 ;东段产状较缓 ,岩相为垂直分带 ,矿体位于岩体底部 .各类岩石均具堆积结构 .岩石学和地球化学研究表明 :中西段以流动分异为主 ,东段为重力分异 ;原始岩浆属拉斑玄武质 ;块状矿石系压滤作用产物 ;后续岩浆的补给和混合补充了成矿物质 ;硫化物不混溶程度受挥发分制约 .对超大型岩浆硫化物矿床形成的必要条件作了阐述 相似文献
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长江中、下游铜矿床的成矿模式 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
长江中、下游铜矿床主要为斑岩型、夕卡岩型及块状硫化物型矿床.文中从成矿地质背景、矿床类型及成矿作用等三方面讨论铜矿床的成矿模式,指出成矿热液主要来自岩浆水;夕卡岩型矿床及块状硫化物型矿床的形成与斑岩型矿床的形成一致,主要与中酸性侵入岩有关. 相似文献
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In recent years, some arguments with regard to the organic mineralization of MVT lead-zinc ore deposit are focused on the thermochemical sulphate reduction in the presence of organic matter. Based on the research into the organic geochemistry and C, O, S isotopes of mineralized host rocks, mineral gas fluid inclusion and solid bitumen from Huayuan (W. Hunan, China) lead-zinc ore deposit formed in the algal limestones of Qingxudong formation, Lower Cambrian, the authors consider that a lot of organic matter occurred and participated in mineralization. The organic matter from different sources participated in the mineralization with two main forms: thermochemical sulphate reduction and thermal degradation which supplied abundant H2S for the precipitation. 相似文献
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Geological characteristics and mineralization setting of the Zhuxi tungsten (copper) polymetallic deposit in the Eastern Jiangnan Orogen 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The Zhuxi ore deposit is a super-large scheelite(copper) polymetallic deposit discovered in recent years. It grew above copper/tungsten-rich Neoproterozoic argilloarenaceous basement rocks and was formed in the contact zone between Yanshanian granites and Carboniferous-Permian limestone. Granites related to this mineralization mainly include equigranular, middle- to coarse-grained granites and granitic porphyries. There are two mineralization types: skarn scheelite(copper) and granite scheelite mineralization. The former is large scale and has a high content of scheelite, whereas the latter is small scale and has a low content of scheelite. In the Taqian-Fuchun Basin, its NW boundary is a thrust fault, and the SE boundary is an angular unconformity with Proterozoic basement. In Carboniferous-Permian rock assemblages, the tungsten and copper contents in the limestone are both very high. The contents of major elements in granitoids do not differ largely between the periphery and the inside of the Zhuxi ore deposit. In both areas, the values of the aluminum saturation index are A/CNK1.1, and the rocks are classified as potassium-rich strongly peraluminous granites. In terms of trace elements, compared to granites on the periphery of the Zhuxi ore deposit, the granites inside the Zhuxi ore deposit have smaller d Eu values, exhibit a significantly more negative Eu anomaly, are richer in Rb, U, Ta, Pb and Hf, and are more depleted in Ba, Ce, Sr, La and Ti, which indicates that they are highly differentiated S-type granites with a high degree of evolution. Under the influence of fluids, mineralization of sulfides is evident within massive rock formations inside the Zhuxi ore deposit, and the mean SO_3 content is 0.2%. Compared to peripheral rocks, the d Eu and total rare earth element(REE) content of granites inside the Zhuxi ore deposit are both lower, indicating a certain evolutionary inheritance relationship between the granites on the periphery and the granites inside the Zhuxi ore deposit. For peripheral and ore district plutons, U-Pb zircon dating shows an age range of 152–148 Ma. In situ Lu-Hf isotope analysis of zircon in the granites reveals that the calculated e_(Hf)(t) values are all negative, and the majority range from -6 to -9. The T_(DM2) values are concentrated in the range of 1.50–1.88 Ga(peak at 1.75 Ga), suggesting that the granitic magmas are derived from partial melting of ancient crust. This paper also discusses the metallogenic conditions and ore-controlling conditions of the ore district from the perspectives of mineral contents, hydrothermal alteration, and ore-controlling structures in the strata and the ore-bearing rocks. It is proposed that the Zhuxi ore deposit went through a multistage evolution, including oblique intrusion of granitic magmas, skarn mineralization, cooling and alteration, and precipitation of metal sulfides. The mineralization pattern can be summarized as "copper in the east and tungsten in the west, copper at shallow-middle depths and tungsten at deep depths, tungsten in the early stage and copper in the late stage". 相似文献
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WenDi Chen WenLan Zhang RuCheng Wang ZhuYin Chu Rong Xiao Di Zhang XuDong Che 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2016,59(11):2121-2141
The polymetallic Dushiling W-Cu deposit is a large, altered, skarn-type deposit, located in the northeastern part of the Miao'ershan-Yuechengling pluton, China. Two types of granite have been identified in the deposit: a medium-grained porphyritic biotite granite, and a medium- to fine-grained biotite granite. Both are spatially and temporally related to ore bodies, suggesting they may be the source of mineralization in the deposit. A medium- to fine-grained porphyritic biotite granite is exposed at the surface in the region of mineralization. U-Pb dating of zircons yielded magmatic ages of 423 Ma for the medium-grained porphyritic biotite granite and 421 Ma for the medium- to fine-grained porphyritic biotite granite, while a younger age(217 Ma) obtained for surface samples indicates later diagenesis. Thus, magmatism occurred during the Caledonian and Indosinian, respectively. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of the two Caledonian granites show that both are calc-alkaline and peraluminous.They are moderately enriched in Cs, Rb, U, and REE, and strongly depleted in Sr,Ba,P,and Ti; they show similar REE behavior,including negative Eu anomalies. These geochemical similarities suggest that the two granites were derived from the same source,although they were emplaced during different stages of the evolution of the magma. Furthermore, the granites are associated with mineralization, suggesting they were the source of mineralization in the Dushiling W-Cu deposit. Sm-Nd ages of scheelite from the Dushiling W-Cu deposit indicate that metallogenesis occurred at 417±35 Ma, while the two types of titanite, intergrown with scheelite, yield U-Pb ages of 423–425 Ma(in altered granite sample) and 218 Ma(in skarn sample). These ages place the main mineralization event in the late Caledonian, and later magmatic-hydrothermal activity occurred in the Indosinian. The ages obtained for the Dushiling W-Cu deposit in the western Nanling Range, northern Yuechengling, together with the occurrence and ages of the Niutangjie W deposit in southern Yuechengling, provide insight into the process of ore concentration during the Caledonian and Indosinian. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,(5)
The predominant types of high-grade iron deposits in China include skarn, sedimentary metamorphic(banded ironformation, BIF-type), continental/submarine volcanic-hosted and magmatic Fe-Ti-Voxide deposits. Based on a comprehensive review of current studies on these deposits, this paper suggests that the oxygen concentration in atmosphere played an important role for the formation of BIFs, whereas the tectonic setting and deep magmatic differentiation processes are more important for the other types. Notably, both high temperature and high pressure experiments and melt inclusion studies indicate that during the differentiation, high temperature magmas could develop iron-rich magma via liquid immiscibility but not pure oxide melt("iron ore magma"). Fe-P melt could be generated directly by liquid immiscibility under hydrous and oxidized condition. The formation of high-grade iron deposits is mostly associated with the processes related to multiple stages of superimposition, e.g., desiliconization and iron enrichment, removal of impurity, and remobilization and re-precipitation of iron. According to the temporal evolution, the high-grade iron deposit could be divided into multi-episode superimposition type(temporally discontinuous mineralization) and multi-stage superimposition type(temporally continuous mineralization). The former is represented by the sedimentary metamorphic iron deposit, and the latter includes those related to magmatic-hydrothermal fluids(e.g., skarn,volcanic-hosted and magmatic types). 相似文献
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矽卡岩型矿床是云南北衙金多金属矿区的一种主要矿床类型,受岩体、构造及层位等控制,其有利找矿空间为中酸性岩体与碳酸盐岩的接触带.以岩石物性为纽带,实现目标地质体与地球物理场的转换,提取有效信息.接触带中低电阻率、岩体的低密度性、铁矿的高磁性和高极化率等都是矽卡型铁矿床的特有地球物理属性.通过地质地球物理等多元信息的层层约束,解析不同级次的成矿要素问题,实现对隐伏矽卡岩型铁矿床的定位,建立地球物理勘探模式,并在矿区外围开展方法有效性的验证,取得了良好的勘探效果,提出一套适应于北衙地区及类似成矿地质背景下的隐伏矽卡岩型铁矿床定位预测方法. 相似文献
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西藏班戈日阿铜多金属矿床位于班戈-腾冲多金属成矿带,是近年来新发现的矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床,已探明资源量达中型规模。最新研究和找矿成果显示矿带呈北西向展布,受燕山晚期白垩纪花岗岩类岩体侵入作用控制,矿体分布于岩体与下白垩统灰岩地层接触带及附近部位。在空间上,矿床主要分为三个矿段：主矿体分布在矿区中西部,目前在西矿段已圈定5个（条）铜矿体,矿体呈似层状、透镜状,其中最大的Cu13号矿体长221 m,平均厚9 m,沿倾向已控制延深100 m以上,铜品位：0.45%~2.01%,平均0.9%。主要金属矿物为黄铜矿、磁铁矿。中矿段已经圈定3条矿体,成矿元素除铜外,铅、锌、银含量也较高,为铜多金属矿体。矿体呈似层状、透镜状。其中以Cu-23号矿体最大,长达300 m,矿体最宽处达110 m。矿体平均品位Cu1.48%,Pb 1.25%,Zn 2.52%,A g 32.52×1-0 6。本文在矿区地质特征研究的基础上,通过对1：5万水系沉积物测量成果分析,对比中、西矿段成矿条件,对矿区东段进行了预测评价,指出该矿区具有较好的铜多金属找矿前景。同时建议对已圈定的1：5万水系沉积物异常开展1：1万土壤地球化学测量工作,进而圈定该区铜多金属矿带或矿（化）体,为矿区深入勘查工作提供依据。 相似文献
18.
东溪-南关岭金矿为北淮阳东段发现的第一个原生金矿,产于磨子潭-晓天中生代火山盆地边缘,容矿围岩为安山质-英安质火山岩,矿化和蚀变受桐柏-桐城深大断裂带的次级构造带控制。该金矿发育陡倾斜的脉状矿体和缓倾斜的似层状矿体,成因类型为冰长石-绢云母型浅成低温热液金矿。火山岩盆地之下的变质基底可能起到了初始矿源层作用,桐柏-桐城断裂带及其次级构造破碎带为重要的导岩导矿构造,早白垩世强烈的岩浆活动提供了热源、动力源和部分矿源。参照国内外类似金矿的特征,认为本区成矿地质条件良好,有可能隐伏着与石英正长岩体有关的细脉浸染型矿化,晓天火山盆地具有良好的找矿前景。 相似文献
19.
A number of lead-zinc sulphide deposits have been discovered in recent years in dolo- mitic rocks of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Dadu River valley region, Sichuan Province, China. The lead-zinc mineralization is closely associated with a black siliceous exhalite that has been traced over 50 km of strike. This makes Dadu River valley the most extensive stratiform non-ferrous sulphide horizon having been discovered to date in China. In a previous study by the first author (LIN), these deposits were recognised as belonging to the broad spectrum of lead-zinc sedimentary exhala- tive (SEDEX) deposits. In this paper, seismites and seismogenetic structures occurring in close association with the Dadu River valley mineralized zone are described. The close spatial and temporal relationship between the seismites and mineralization provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that the lead-zinc SEDEX deposits formed in direct response to earthquake activities around the Sinian-Cambrian boundary. The earthquakes are postulated to be an effective dynamic mechanism for triggering the upward migration of deep circulating ore fluids along synsedimentary growth faults and their exhalation onto the sea-floor to form the extensive deposits of stratiform lead-zinc sulphide ore. 相似文献