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1.
福建南平花岗伟晶岩中的电气石研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
电气石是南平伟晶岩和围岩中分布广泛的一种副矿物,根据化学成分,它们属于镁铁锂电气石亚族,其端员为铁(黑)电气石、镁电气石和锂电气石,其间还有一系列过渡矿物。南平伟晶岩中除未发现端员锂电气石外,其他端员及过渡系列电气石均十分发育,这在国内外同类伟晶岩中十分少见。不同成分电气石分布于不同类型伟晶岩及同一伟晶岩分异演化的不同阶段。本文在对电气石的化学成分、物理性质、产状等较详阐述基础上,对它们的演变规律及形成环境进行了讨论,这对于探讨南平伟晶岩的形成及寻找稀有金属伟晶岩有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
福建南平是我国重要的花岗伟晶岩型矿田之一,伟晶岩主要产出在中-新元古代变质岩系中.伟晶岩脉的形成和加里东期西芹花岗岩具有密切的成因联系.根据伟晶岩主要矿物成分和所含Nb、Ta、Sn等元素可分为白云母-钾长石-早期钠长石型（Ⅰ）、白云母-钠长石-钾长石型（Ⅱ）、白云母-钾长石-钠长石型（Ⅲ）和白云母-钠长石-锂辉石型（Ⅳ）.对矿田中的中-新元古代变质岩系、西芹花岗岩,花岗伟晶岩中的Nb、Ta、Sn地球化学做了详细研究.认为南平伟晶岩是在区域地层和相关花岗岩中Nb、Ta、Sn含量具有高背景值的环境中产生的.伟晶岩在形成过程中,Nb、Ta、Sn元素伴随伟晶熔体的分异、演化及交代作用,其含量向晚期趋于增高,在白云母-钠长石-锂辉石伟晶岩中,Nb、Ta、Sn构成了工业矿体,而且主要以独立矿物形式存在. 相似文献
3.
福建南平花岗伟晶岩及其围岩中云母的矿物学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
白云母作为造岩矿物之一，广泛分布于南平各类伟晶岩中。随着伟晶岩类型的变化，白云母的产状、物理性质、结构、化学成分等均发生有规律的变化．特别是在Ⅳ类型伟晶岩中，白云母Rb、Cs含量的明显增高，指示了该类伟晶岩具有良好的稀有金属矿化。另外，Ⅳ类型伟晶岩夹层中发育的铝黑鳞云母，它是由变质岩系中的黑云母蚀变而来，其Rb、Cs含量更高，也是寻找稀有金属伟晶岩特征的标型矿物． 相似文献
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5.
南平花岗伟晶岩中铯沸石的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
目前在中国已发现两种铯矿物，即南平石和铯沸石，其中铯沸石主要分布在新疆、陕西、河南省的花岗伟晶岩中，在华南，南平花岗伟晶岩是迄今所报道的铯沸石的唯一产地。我们将南平钩沸石分成原生和次生两类，本文详细报道了南平铯沸石的产状、物性和光性、化学成分、Ｘ射线衍射特征、红外光谱、差热分析和形成过程。 相似文献
6.
福建南平花岗伟晶岩中绿柱石的矿物学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
福建南平花岗伟晶岩中铍矿物种类繁多,其中最主要的是绿柱石,它主要集中产出在稀有金属构成矿化的白云母－钠长石－锂辉石伟晶岩中,其中,以石英－叠层白云母结构带内最多。在不同类型或同一类型伟晶岩的不同结构带中,绿柱石的物理性质和化学成分均有一定差异,特别是化学成分中稀有碱金属的含量变化,不仅影响了它的物理性质、晶体结构、红外光谱、差热分析等一系列特征,而且和伟晶岩的稀有金属矿化强度也有密切的联系。因此,绿柱石是花岗伟晶岩中很有意义的一个标型矿物。 相似文献
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南平花岗伟晶岩中的磷酸盐矿物及地球化学演化规律 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
磷酸盐矿物是稀有金属花岗伟晶岩中最复杂的一组矿物，在中国以南平伟晶岩最为发育，目前已发现至少２２种磷酸盐矿物，其中属我国首次发现的有１４种。这些磷酸盐矿物分别形成于伟晶岩的原始花岗质岩浆结晶分异阶段和残余流体相对已结晶主体进行蚀变交代阶段。早期阶段以矿物数量众多为特征，而晚期则以磷酸盐矿物种类复杂、演化周期长而在国内独树一帜，深入研究这些磷酸盐矿物，对探讨稀有金属花岗伟晶岩的发育历史具有重要意义。 相似文献
9.
红磷锰铍石是一种很罕见的铍磷酸盐矿物,在国外,目前仅知发现于芬兰等几个国家,其量也极少。我国是1984年首次发现于福建南平花岗伟晶岩田中的白云母—钠长石—锂辉石型伟晶岩中,沿粗粒原生绿柱石中的微裂隙分布,是伟晶岩形成晚期热液蚀变作用的产物。本文较系统地研究了南平伟晶岩中红磷锰铍石的矿物学特征,包括产状及共生组合、物性及光性、化学成分、X射线衍射特征和红外吸收光谱分析等,最后概述了该矿物的鉴定特征。 相似文献
10.
福建南平花岗伟晶岩中的铌钽矿物学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
铌钽矿物是福建南平花岗伟晶岩中最有工业利用价值的矿物,其种类较多,根据晶体结构和成分的差异,可分成６大类,即：铌铁矿－钽铁矿类,重钽铁矿类,锡锰钽矿类,细晶石类;褐钇铌矿类;铌（钽）－铁金红石类。铌铁矿－钽铁矿还可进一步分成６个在。不同各类铌钽矿物产于不同类型伟晶岩或同一类型伟晶岩的不同矿物组合带。在详细讨论了各类铌钽矿物的产状,成分,物理性质及晶体结构等特征的基础上,探讨了它们的地球化学演化规律 相似文献
11.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1674-1679
Potassium feldspars in pegmatites of the Mama district are microclines and orthoclases. In granitoid pegmatites and undifferentiated vein pegmatites, unaffected by postmagmatic processes, the feldspars are represented by orthoclase with the X-ray triclinism (△p) as 0.0-0.4. Wherever postmagmatic solutions were active, in granitoid pegmatitic fields or zonal bodies of vein pegmatites, the feldspars are represented by microcline with △p as 0.5-1.0. At that, the ultimate microcline is recorded only in micaceous zones. There is a connection between △p and Ba content of the feldspars High concentrations of Ba interfere with order in the feldspar crystal structures. There is a definite inverse relationship between △p and Ba in feldspars containing 0.9-2.6% Ba. In feldspars which are low in Ba, △p may vary at one and the same concentration of Ba. Such state of the crystal structure of feldspars is metastable. The magnitude of △p depends upon conditions of the original crystallization and on factors conducive to orderliness in the crystal structure, as well as the interferences, specifically the effect of the admixture elements. — Authors. 相似文献
12.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(2):221-234
Two distinct series of Variscan granitic rocks have been distinguished in the Gravanho-Gouveia area of Portugal, based on field work, variation diagrams for major and trace elements, rare earth patterns and δ18O versus total FeO diagram of rocks, anorthite content of plagioclase, BaO and P2O5 contents of feldspars and AlVI versus Fe2+ diagram for magmatic muscovite. One series consists of a late-orogenic porphyritic biotite > muscovite granite (G1), less evolved beryl-columbite pegmatites and more evolved beryl-columbite pegmatites showing gradational contacts. The other series consists of post-orogenic porphyritic muscovite > biotite granodiorite to granite (G2), slightly porphyritic muscovite > biotite granite (G3) and lepidolite pegmatites. In each series, pegmatites are derived from the parent granite magma by fractional crystallization of quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite and ilmenite. Some metasomatic effects occur like muscovite replacing feldspars, chlorite in pegmatites of the first series and a late muscovite in pegmatites of the second series, probably due to hydrothermal fluids. The lepidolite pegmatites contain cassiterite and two generations of rutile. The first magmatic generation consists of homogeneous crystals and the second generation occurs as heterogeneous zoned crystals derived from hydrothermal fluids. The beryl-columbite pegmatites and lepidolite pegmatites also contain the first magmatic generation and the late hydrothermal generation of zoned columbite-group minerals. More evolved beryl-columbite pegmatites were converted into episyenite by intense hydrothermal alteration and regional circulation of fluids in the granitic rocks. 相似文献
13.
This paper summarizes the data on oriented intergrowths of minerals in pegmatites of the Il’meny Mountains. Two-feldspar, two-mica, biotite-amphibole, biotite-pyroxene, and pyroxene-amphibole intergrowths have been revealed in syenitic and miaskitic pegmatites. The orientation of exsolution products has been studied in sunstone (aventurine) and moonstone feldspars, nepheline, and cancrinite. Corundum-biotite-feldspar and two-mica intergrowths and exsolution lamellae occur in stellate corundum from corundum-feldspar veins. Syntactic intergrowths of various amphiboles and chlorites have been detected in pegmatoid ultramafic rocks. Regular quartz-feldspar (graphic) and two-feldspar intergrowths are typical of granitic pegmatites. Two-mica, columbite-samarskite, columbite-ilmenorutile, zircon-xenotime, cassiterite-ilmenorutile, cassiterite-ixiolite, cassiterite-tantalite, tantalite-stibiotantalite, fergusonite-columbite, pyrochlore-fergusonite, and beryl-cordierite intergrowths have been found in granitic pegmatites as well. New intergrowth laws have been established for many pairs of minerals. 相似文献
14.
P. Černý 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1971,30(4):343-355
Graphic intergrowths of alkali feldspar+quartz, and plagioclase+quartz, occur together in pegmatites in the eastern part of the Czechoslovak Moldanubicum. They form zones between the finer-grained wall zone and the central blocky feldspar+quartz core. The normative Or-Pig-Q compositions of the graphic intergrowths and the Or-Ab-An contents of their feldspars show broad variations generally, but have a restricted range within individual pegmatites. At two localities studied in more detail, coexisting feldspars show gradual changes in composition, from the margins up to the innermost graphic pegmatite, compatible with fractional crystallization along the feldspar solidus-solvus intersection in the Or-Ab-An-Q-H2O system, at different vapour pressures in different pegmatites. Two models are demonstrated for low and high pressure cases. The feldspar compositions from central blocky zones deviate from the magmatic fractional crystallizations paths; this corresponds with the general assumption that they crystallized from supercritical gaseous fluids.In these and in similar pegmatites, coexisting alkali feldspar+quartz and plagioclase + quartz intergrowths are interpreted as the last products of cotectic crystallization from an ultimately fractionated granitic magma. Positive correlation of Ab solid solution and quartz content in the potassic intergrowths suggests that these characteristics may be indicative of the relative pressure and temperature effective during their crystallization, when compared in pegmatites of the same bulk composition. 相似文献
15.
An initial phase of an extensive geochemical study of pegmatites from the Black Hills, South Dakota, indicates potassium feldspar composition is useful in interpreting petrogenetic relationships among pegmatites and among pegmatite zones within a single pegmatite. The and ratios and Li and Cs contents of the feldspars within each zoned pegmatite, to a first approximation, are consistent with the simple fractional crystallization of the potassium feldspar from a silicate melt from the wall zone to the core of the pegmatites. Some trace element characteristics (i.e. Cs) have been modified by subsolidus reequilibration of the feldspars with late-stage residual fluid. ratios of the potassium feldspar appear to be diagnostic of the pegmatite mineral assemblage. The relationship between and mineralogy is as follows: Harney Peak Granite (barren pegmatites) > 180; Li-Fe-Mn phosphate-bearing pegmatites = 90?50; spodumene-bearing pegmatites = 60?40; pollucitebearing pegmatites < 30. Although the ratios suggest that the pegmatites studied are genetically related by fractional crystallization to each other and the Harney Peak Granite, overlapping ratios and the general increase in Sr and Ba with decreasing indicate the genetic relationship is much more complex and may also be dependent upon slight variations in source (chemistry and mineralogy) material composition and degrees of partial melting. 相似文献
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17.
According to their material sources, China’s pegmatities can be divided into two broad types: (1) the crust-source pegmatites derived mainly from the upper continental crust, which can be subdivided into metamorphic differentiated, mixed metasomatic and anatectic magmadifferentiated pegmatites, and (2) the mantle-source pegmatites generated from the mantle, including those related to late differentiates and carbonatites. In space, carbonatites are usually accompanied with alkaii syenite. The criteria of discriminating the two-source pegmatites of China are listed as follows:
- Rock-forming minerals (micas and feldspars);
- REE distribution patterns;
- Zr/Hf ratios in zircons; and
- Species of apatite and REE contents.
18.
Rare-element pegmatites in the Voron’i tundras, Kola Peninsula, Russia, contain late abundant Rb mineralization. Individual
Rb minerals are Rb-dominant feldspars and micas that form continuous solid solution series with K analoques. The feldspars
contain from 17 to 86 mol % RbAlSi3O8 (5.5–25 wt % Rb2O) and 1–5 mol % CsAlSi3O8, and the muscovite contains 2.6–9.4 wt % Rb2O. The Li micas are members of the lepidolite-polylithionite series and their Rb-dominant analogues. They form a continuous
series of solid solutions with the Rb concentrations varying from 0.09 to 0.54 apfu., K concentrations varying from 0.82 to
0.33 apfu, and Cs concentrations varying from 0.02 to 0.18 apfu The maximum Rb2O concentration in the newly found mineral voloshinite, an Rb analogue of lepidolite, is 12.2 wt %. The Rb-rich feldspars
and micas sometimes crystallized directly or were formed via cation exchange with the young fluid. The Rb minerals are spatially
and genetically closely associated with pollucite. It is supposed that initially Rb was contained in a high-temperature pollucite
solid solution and was released from it at decreasing temperature as a result of a reaction with the aqueous fluid and notably
enriched the latter. It is shown that Rb mineralization is generally typical of pollucite-bearing pegmatites. 相似文献
19.
Scott A. Wood Anthony E. Williams-Jones 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,114(2):255-263
The ratios Na/Li, K/Li, Na/Cs and K/Cs have been calculated for exchange equilibria among the Li and Cs silicates spodumene, petalite, eucryptite, and pollucite, and the alkali feldspars albite and K-feldspar plus quartz, in pure water and in chloride solutions at temperatures from 100° to 700°C and pressures from 0.5 to 4 kbar, using available thermodynamic data for minerals and the modified HKF equation of state for aqueous species. For exchange equilibria between Li-bearing aluminosilicates and the alkali feldspars, the activities of the alkali metals in solution under most of the conditions investigated follow the order Li>Na>K, and Na/Li and K/Li decrease with decreasing temperature. For exchange equilibria between pollucite and the alkali feldspars the order is Na>K>Cs in solution; Na/Cs and K/Cs increase strongly with decreasing temperature. The absolute values of these alkali metal ratios are in good agreement with the few available experimental data. The effect of chloride ion pairing on the calculated ratios is slight and does not consistently improve agreement between theory and experiment. These results suggest that the alteration of eucryptite, petalite or spodumene to albite and/or K-feldspar should be a normal consequence of the closed system evolution of rare element pegmatites upon cooling, in agreement with the ubiquity of such phenomena world-wide. On the other hand, alteration of pollucite to albite or K-feldspar upon cooling is only likely to occur if external fluids, with very high Na/Cs and/or K/Cs ratios, gain access to the pegmatite. Owing to the heterogeneity of rare element pegmatites, the fluid need not be external to the entire pegmatite, but could be simply external to the particular zone containing pollucite. Fluids in equilibrium with typical subsolidus rare metal pegmatite assemblages will invariably have high Li contents, thus explaining the common occurrence of Li-metasomatic halos about pegmatites. These same fluids are predicted to have relatively low Cs contents, in apparent agreement with the lesser role of Cs relative to Li in metasomatic halos. However, preferential formation of complexes of the alkali metals with fluoride, borate or aluminosilicate components potentially could alter the calculated alkali metal behaviors. 相似文献
20.
新疆阿尔泰造山带是我国重要的稀有金属矿床矿产资源基地,尤以富Li和富Be伟晶岩型矿床广泛发育为特色。本研究选择阿尔泰造山带卡鲁安-阿祖拜矿田富Li和富Be伟晶岩型矿床开展典型解剖,以贯穿岩浆阶段-伟晶岩阶段的白云母矿物为研究主线,探讨不同矿化类型伟晶岩中云母的成分演化规律、花岗岩与伟晶岩的成因联系。矿物学特征显示富Be伟晶岩中发育大量磷酸盐矿物,而富Li伟晶岩含较多橙色锰铝榴石、锂云母而缺乏典型的Fe-Mn磷酸盐。白云母成分分析显示,从白云母花岗岩→富Be伟晶岩→富Li伟晶岩,白云母总体呈Nb含量和Nb/Ta值降低,指示白云母花岗岩、富Be伟晶岩经历了不同程度的分离结晶作用,也代表了富Li伟晶岩的岩浆分异演化程度更高。尽管利用云母成分变化(尤其是K、Rb、Cs等大离子亲石元素)模拟岩浆结晶演化过程,显示可由初始花岗质岩浆经瑞利分离结晶作用依次形成白云母花岗岩→富Be伟晶岩→富Li伟晶岩的假设。但研究区年代学、矿物学、同位素证据指示富Li伟晶岩和富Be伟晶岩具有不同的熔体性质和形成时代。因此,应用云母成分探讨伟晶岩的成因联系应当建立在花岗岩-伟晶岩系统具有合理的时空分布和其它支持源自同一... 相似文献