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《北京测绘》2019,(11)
珊瑚礁对于海洋生态环境研究具有重要意义,通过分析珊瑚礁的分布以及生长状况可以对海洋生态环境进行评估。本文以南海珊瑚岛近岸海域为研究区域,选取中巴地球资源四号(CBERS-04)卫星影像数据,利用支持向量机(SVM)分类方法对近岸珊瑚礁底质进行分类,分类结果进行矢量化输出,对珊瑚礁数量和面积进行统计,与Worldview-2卫星多光谱影像数据分类矢量结果进行对比分析。实验结果表明,利用中巴地球资源卫星数据对于珊瑚礁分类是可行的,其中利用20m空间分辨率多光谱数据与5m空间分辨率全色波段数据融合后的影像数据,对于珊瑚礁信息提取效果最好。但由于空间分辨率及波段光谱设置的限制,其对于浅水区小面积珊瑚礁和深水区珊瑚礁提取能力较弱。 相似文献
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ALOS卫星是日本宇航研究开发机构（JAXA）于2006年1月24日成功发射的新一代陆地观测卫星,其全色影像的最高空间分辨率是2.5 m,多光谱影像的分辨率是10 m,在土地资源调查与监测领域中有一定的应用潜力。本文通过与同为2.5 m和10 m分辨率的SPOT5影像在卫星参数、影像质量、应用精度等方面进行比较试验,研究ALOS卫星在土地领域中的应用效果和应用潜力。 相似文献
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资源3号卫星影像作为我国首颗民用高分测绘卫星,已在国内许多科研政府机关取得应用,推动了国产卫星产业发展。本文对资源3号卫星影像与同一量级分辨率的SPOT 6卫星影像,从影像构像性能的角度进行比较。选取了影像清晰度、信噪比、信息熵、边缘能量4个客观参数评估同地区同季节下资源3号卫星全色波段数据与SPOT 6全色波段数据的光谱特征,并对其进行分析比较。得出资3影像在信息量、信噪比方面与国外卫星不分伯仲,但对于地物边缘细节的分辨能力上仍有一定差距。 相似文献
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资源三号卫星的发射成功,填补了我国卫星立体测绘的空白,可以提供优于5m地面分辨率级别的立体影像,为1:5万地形图测制提供了一种新的选择。本文主要探讨了运用资源三号卫星采集的立体影像数据进行1:5万地形图更新的可行性及优势。 相似文献
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森林火灾是最为常见的灾害之一,严重危及人类生命安全。及时准确监测森林火灾的发生及火场状况,对应对火灾及减少损失至关重要。当前,森林火灾卫星遥感监测主要以低空间分辨率的卫星遥感为主,空间分辨率过低导致无法探测规模较小火灾及掌握详细火场态势。针对这一问题,结合近些年中高空间分辨率卫星观测、共享及处理能力的发展,本文从森林火灾卫星遥感监测的基本原理、当前可用中高空间分辨率卫星数据及其特点、中高分辨率森林着火区监测算法,以及数据共享与云端存储与计算等4个技术环节,对森林火灾中高分辨率卫星遥感监测当前研究现状与存在问题进行了总结,阐述了近实时中高空间分辨率森林火灾监测系统的可行性。近实时中高空间分辨率森林火灾监测系统可对已有低空间分辨率森林火灾监测体系形成重要补充,依托其空间分辨率的优势有助于及早、准确发现小规模火情,进而为森林火灾的防治与管理提供更好支撑。 相似文献
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This study analyzed the relationship between the spatial resolution and the hard classification effect based on pixel-based image classification, and then discussed how to determine appropriate spatial resolution. Thematic maps of winter wheat derived from 250 m MODIS image, 19.5 m China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS) image, and 2.44 m QuickBird image were used to examine the classification effect as a case study. It indicated that the “Pareto Boundaries” and the “within-class variability” could be used to determine the coarsest and the highest resolution for hard classification, respectively. The methods proposed in this study should be useful to guide how to select appropriate spatial resolution for land cover mapping. 相似文献
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为地球资源卫星工程设想的一个应用系统。该系统将包括五个分系统,它们是：·数据接收和记录分系统；·数据预处理和常规产品生产分系统；·应用分析和专家分系统；·数据模拟和评价分系统；·数据分配和用户服务分系统除去常规的卫星接收和预处理系统外,将深入探讨重要的应用分析和专家分系统,这个分系统基本由图像处理、地理信息系统并结合专家知识的应用模型组成。它以预处理分系统的产品(图像数据)作为输入,并利用建立在计算机内人的智能模型,输出若干种类的向量形式的专题图。显然,应用分析和专家分系统不仅比通常图像分析系统有更高的分类精度并考虑在图像解释过程中具有人工智能化。整个应用系统应该是地球资源卫星系统不可分割的重要部份,它能把实时和有效的动态数据提供给各类用户为经济建设服务,同时有可能提供总的统计信息和整个国家或广大地区的专题图。这样的结果对国家宏观规划和决策是非常有用的。这一应用系统将担负检验并决定地球资源卫星任务的最后有效性。 相似文献
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对地观测技术的快速发展为水环境定量遥感监测提供了多源遥感数据的有利支撑,然而多源数据空间尺度差异引起的遥感数据和定量产品的不一致性严重制约了水环境科学研究和业务化应用。针对多源遥感数据的空间尺度转换和尺度误差问题,本文提出一种模拟遥感成像过程点扩散函数(PSF)的多源遥感数据空间尺度转换方法。以高空间分辨率GF-1卫星16m遥感数据为基础,模拟了常用的内陆水环境监测卫星Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI(30m)、Terra/Aqua MODIS(250m、500m、1000m)数据,系统研究了高动态浑浊水体(以鄱阳湖悬浮颗粒物监测为例)多源定量遥感监测的空间尺度误差,并对比分析了常用的多源数据尺度转换方法(基于遥感反射率数据平均法和基于悬浮颗粒物产品平均法)的有效性。结果表明,基于点扩散函数的空间尺度转换方法与传统方法具有较高的相关性,基于遥感反射率数据平均法的水环境定量遥感产品的误差水平低于基于悬浮颗粒物产品平均法;相对于南海等相对平稳水体的低空间尺度误差水平(0.5%),在高动态浑浊的内陆或近岸水环境遥感监测中,由空间尺度变化引起的产品误差可达±5%左右。因此,在高精度水环境定量遥感发展应用的需求和多源多尺度遥感数据协同的背景下,本文研究对于提高多源遥感监测产品的一致性和应用能力具有重要理论和现实意义。 相似文献
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R. Fensholt A. Anyamba S. Huber S.R. Proud C.J. Tucker J. Small E. Pak M.O. Rasmussen I. Sandholt C. Shisanya 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Since 1972, satellite remote sensing of the environment has been dominated by polar-orbiting sensors providing useful data for monitoring the earth's natural resources. However their observation and monitoring capacity are inhibited by daily to monthly looks for any given ground surface which often is obscured by frequent and persistent cloud cover creating large gaps in time series measurements. The launch of the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite into geostationary orbit has opened new opportunities for land surface monitoring. The Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) instrument on-board MSG with an imaging capability every 15 min which is substantially greater than any temporal resolution that can be obtained from existing Polar Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) systems currently in use for environmental monitoring. Different areas of the African continent were affected by droughts and floods in 2008 caused by periods of abnormally low and high rainfall, respectively. Based on the effectiveness of monitoring these events from Earth Observation (EO) data the current analyses show that the new generation of geostationary remote sensing data can provide higher temporal resolution cloud-free (<5 days) measurements of the environment as compared to existing POES systems. SEVIRI MSG 5-day continental scale composites will enable rapid assessment of environmental conditions and improved early warning of disasters for the African continent such as flooding or droughts. The high temporal resolution geostationary data will complement existing higher spatial resolution polar-orbiting satellite data for various dynamic environmental and natural resource applications of terrestrial ecosystems. 相似文献
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Within-season forecasting of crop yields is of great economic, geo-strategic and humanitarian interest. Satellite Earth Observation now constitutes a valuable and innovative way to provide spatio-temporal information to assist such yield forecasts. This study explores different configurations of remote sensing time series to estimate of winter wheat yield using either spatially finer but temporally sparser time series (5daily at 100 m spatial resolution) or spatially coarser but denser (300 m and 1 km at daily frequency) time series. Furthermore, we hypothesised that better yield estimations could be made using thermal time, which is closer to the crop physiological development. Time series of NDVI from the PROBA-V instrument, which has delivered images at a spatial resolution of 100 m, 300 m and 1 km since 2013, were extracted for 39 fields for field and 56 fields for regional level analysis across Northern France during the growing season 2014-2015. An asymmetric double sigmoid model was fitted on the NDVI series of the central pixel of the field. The fitted model was subsequently integrated either over thermal time or over calendar time, using different baseline NDVI thresholds to mark the start and end of the cropping season. These integrated values were used as a predictor for yield using a simple linear regression and yield observations at field level. The dependency of this relationship on the spatial pixel purity was analysed for the 100 m, 300 m and 1 km spatial resolution. At field level, depending on the spatial resolution and the NDVI threshold, the adjusted R² ranged from 0.20 to 0.74; jackknifed – leave-one-field-out cross validation – RMSE ranged from 0.6 to 1.07 t/ha and MAE ranged between 0.46 and 0.90 t/ha for thermal time analysis. The best results for yield estimation (adjusted R² = 0.74, RMSE =0.6 t/ha and MAE =0.46 t/ha) were obtained from the integration over thermal time of 100 m pixel resolution using a baseline NDVI threshold of 0.2 and without any selection based on pixel purity. The field scale yield estimation was aggregated to the regional scale using 56 fields. At the regional level, there was a difference of 0.0012 t/ha between thermal and calendar time for average yield estimations. The standard error of mean results showed that the error was larger for a higher spatial resolution with no pixel purity and smaller when purity increased. These results suggest that, for winter wheat, a finer spatial resolution rather than a higher revisit frequency and an increasing pixel purity enable more accurate yield estimations when integrated over thermal time at the field scale and at the regional scale only if higher pixel purity levels are considered. This method can be extended to larger regions, other crops, and other regions in the world, although site and crop-specific adjustments will have to include other threshold temperatures to reflect the boundaries of phenological activity. In general, however, this methodological approach should be applicable to yield estimation at the parcel and regional scales across the world. 相似文献
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中国高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项建设进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国从"十一五"末实施高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项,全面建设具备高空间分辨率、高时间分辨率、高光谱分辨率和高精度观测能力的自主、先进的对地观测体系,加强和完善相关基础设施,构建稳定的运行系统,并积极满足中国资源环境、农业、防灾减灾等方面的重大战略需求,着力强化各行业和区域应用能力,促进高分辨率对地观测数据广泛应用,推动中国空间信息产业快速发展,为中国从航天大国迈向航天强国,有效适应经济发展新常态促进信息消费、扩大内需提供有力支撑。 相似文献
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对陆态网223个全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS）测站6 a实测对流层天顶延迟（zenith total delay，ZTD）的时空特性进行了分析，结果表明，各测站ZTD平均值随大地高指数递减，衰减因子与纬度近似线性关系，其时域变化呈现年周期和半年周期，周期、振幅、初相位与地域分布有关。综合采用周期函数及格网函数，建立了中国大陆区域ZTD经验模型SHAtrop。模型提供区域内分辨率为2.5°×2.0°的格网，用户使用时，先在相应格网内插得到对应参数，再利用三角函数得到椭球面ZTD，最后利用指数函数计算ZTD。实测ZTD的数据验证结果表明，SHAtrop的均方根误差（root mean square，RMS）为3.4 cm，优于常见经验模型。SHAtrop采用较多测站，对高程改正更精细；使用时只需要输入经纬度与时间，使用方便，能满足中国区域GNSS用户实时定位导航的ZTD改正需求。 相似文献
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Abolfazl Abdollahi Hamid Reza Riyahi Bakhtiari Mojgan Pashaei Nejad 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(3):423-430
Currently, methods of extracting spatial information from satellite images are mainly based on visual interpretations and drawing the consequences by human factor, which is both costly and time consuming. A large volume of data collected by satellite sensors, and significant improvement in spatial and spectral resolution of these images require the development of new methods for optimal use of these data in order to produce rapid economic and updating road maps. In this study, a new automatic method is proposed for road extraction by integrating the SVM and Level Set methods. The estimated probability of classification by SVM is used as input in Level Set Method. The average of completeness, correctness, and quality was 84.19, 88.69 and 76.06% respectively indicate high performance of proposed method for road extraction from Google Earth images. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):233-254
Abstract The vision of a Digital Earth calls for more dynamic information systems, new sources of information, and stronger capabilities for their integration. Sensor networks have been identified as a major information source for the Digital Earth, while Semantic Web technologies have been proposed to facilitate integration. So far, sensor data are stored and published using the Observations & Measurements standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) as data model. With the advent of Volunteered Geographic Information and the Semantic Sensor Web, work on an ontological model gained importance within Sensor Web Enablement (SWE). In contrast to data models, an ontological approach abstracts from implementation details by focusing on modeling the physical world from the perspective of a particular domain. Ontologies restrict the interpretation of vocabularies toward their intended meaning. The ongoing paradigm shift to Linked Sensor Data complements this attempt. Two questions have to be addressed: (1) how to refer to changing and frequently updated data sets using Uniform Resource Identifiers, and (2) how to establish meaningful links between those data sets, that is, observations, sensors, features of interest, and observed properties? In this paper, we present a Linked Data model and a RESTful proxy for OGC's Sensor Observation Service to improve integration and inter-linkage of observation data for the Digital Earth. 相似文献