共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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单变量特征选择的苏北地区主要农作物遥感识别 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
遥感识别多源特征综合和特征优选是提高遥感影像分类精度的关键技术。农作物遥感识别中,识别特征的相对单一和数量过多均会导致作物识别精度不理想。随机森林(random forests)采用分类与回归树(CART)算法来生成分类树,结合了bagging和随机选择特征变量的优点,是一种有效的分类方法。单变量特征选择(univariate feature selection)能够对每一个待分类的特征进行测试,衡量该特征和响应变量之间的关系,根据得分舍弃不好的特征,优选得到的特征用于分类。本文基于随机森林和单变量特征选择,利用多时相光谱信息、植被指数信息、纹理信息及波段差值信息,设计多组分类实验方案,对江苏省泗洪县的高分一号(GF-1)和环境一号(HJ-1A)影像进行分类研究,旨在选择最佳的分类方案对实验区主要农作物进行识别和提取。实验结果表明:(1)多源信息综合的农作物分类精度明显高于单一的原始光谱特征分类,说明不同类型特征的引入能改善分类效果;(2)基于单变量特征选择算法的优选特征分类效果最佳,总体精度97.07%,Kappa系数0.96,表明了特征优选在降低维度的同时,也保证了较高的分类精度。随机森林和单变量特征选择结合的方法可以提高遥感影像的分类精度,为农作物的识别和提取研究提供了有效的方法。 相似文献
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无人机巡检是目前电力部门主推的一种巡检方式,招弧角是一种重要的电网设备、但其呈现细长的几何形状特征,其测量需要优于1 cm空间分辨率的影像.为了从无人机获取的高分辨率影像上提取招弧角,该文提出了基于随机森林、集成学习、全连接条件随机场的无人机影像分类和招弧角提取方法.首先,提取了影像的12个光谱和纹理特征.接着,建立训练样本库,训练了多个独立的随机森林分类器、并形成随机森林集成模型进行影像分类.最后,利用全连接条件随机场优化分类结果.该文采用5000张无人机影像进行了实验.实验表明,该文提出方法的整体分类精度达到85.5％,招弧角识别的正确率为98.3％、完整率为74.3％,表明该方法具有潜在的工程应用价值. 相似文献
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基于Landsat的多分类器集成遥感影像分类 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对传统的单分类器分类精度低,难以满足遥感影像分类精度要求高的问题,该文提出了一种多分类器集成分类方法。该方法有效地将支持向量机算法、C4.5决策树算法和人工神经网络算法进行了组合,实现了多种分类器集成的优势互补,在提高单个类别分类精度的基础上实现了整体精度的提高。该文基于Landsat遥感影像,利用多分类器集成分类技术,获取广州市自1987年以来的土地利用/地表覆盖数据,以平均3年为一个时段,共制作11期数据。实验结果表明,产品分类的平均精度达到88.12%,Kappa系数平均值达到0.868,高于3种基分类器的分类精度,对各种地物的分类精度也明显提高。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于误差分析的组合分类器,通过结合两种监督分类方法,提出的算法分别估计了两种监督分类方法在计算过程中的误差,给出了规则输出的置信区间,再根据置信区间的大小对两种分类方法的输出结果进行加权平均,从而得到更精确的规则输出.利用该方法对遥感图像进行分类实验,在不同训练样本分布与不同训练样本数量的情况下,比较新的组合分类器与单一分类器的精度.结果表明新的组合分类器能够取得比单一的分类器更高的分类精度.结果还显示出,两个分类器的独立性越强,组合分类器的效果越好.另外一个实验比较了新的组合分类器与和式规则组合分类器的分类精度,结果仍显示出了新方法的优越性. 相似文献
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一种利用空间和光谱信息的高光谱遥感多分类器动态集成算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《国土资源遥感》2017,(2)
针对高光谱遥感影像分类面临的小样本、分类器不稳定等问题,在总结现有多分类器动态集成算法的基础上,提出了一种利用空间和光谱信息的多分类器动态集成算法。首先,采用支持向量机等5个基分类器构建多分类器集合;其次,计算各个分类器的分类结果,将大多数分类器分类一致的像元列入样本数据;最后,根据待分类像元的邻域像元的标签分类情况,动态地选择合适的方式进行分类器集成。该算法只在空间邻域信息满足一定条件的情况下,才采用空间和光谱信息结合的方法进行处理,即利用空间信息提高算法的灵活性。采用2幅不同传感器的高光谱遥感影像数据对算法进行实验,并与现有5种多分类器动态集成算法进行对比分析。结果表明,本文提出的多分类器动态集成算法可以保持较高的分类精度,并能有效提升高光谱遥感影像分类的稳定性,对于推动高光谱遥感精细分类研究具有一定的理论和实用价值。 相似文献
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高分辨率遥感影像的随机森林变化检测方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于面向对象分析(OBIA)的遥感影像变化检测研究已取得显著的进展,代表了遥感影像变化检测的发展范式,未来是发展更加智能的解译分析方法。随机森林作为一种新的机器学习算法,其预测效果和性能稳定性要优于许多单预测器和集成预测方法。本文充分利用OBIA及随机森林机器学习算法的优势,提出了利用随机森林进行面向对象的遥感影像变化检测。首先基于熵率对影像进行超像素分割,通过最优超像素个数评价指数来获取最佳的影像分割结果,并提取每个超像素在前、后时相影像上的光谱特征和Gabor特征作为随机森林的特征输入数据,用于模型的训练。在初始像素级检测结果之上,自动进行分类样本选择并构建分类器模型,用训练好的模型来提取最终的变化区域。利用Quickbird、IKONOS、SPOT-5等3组多光谱影像进行试验,结果表明,本文方法在变化检测精度上要优于对比方法。 相似文献
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随机森林算法是近年来发展起来的一种新型算法,具有速度快、精度高等优势,综合性能优异。本文运用随机森林算法和Hymap高光谱数对几种常见的作物进行了分类识别,并与支持向量机的分类结果进行了对比,综合讨论了随机森林算法的优势与不足。实验结果表明：当实际参与训练的样本数目接近时随机森林算法的分类精度和运算速度都优于支持向量。在提取足够样本的情况下,随机森林能在保证精度的条件下节约大量时间,在大面积的遥感分类中具有较大应用潜力。 相似文献
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利用随机森林的高分一号遥感数据进行城市用地分类 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了探究国产高分一号卫星遥感影像数据面向城市用地分类的实际应用方法和效果,本文以北京市某区域为例,基于高分一号PMS数据,使用随机森林、支持向量机、最大似然法3种分类器进行了城市用地分类对比研究。结果表明,随机森林和支持向量机的总体分类精度明显优于最大似然法;最大似然法在运算时间上明显优于随机森林和支持向量机。综合分析发现,随机森林算法表现更优。它既能保证分类精度,又能保持一定的时间效率,更适合高分辨率、大数据量、多特征参数的高分一号遥感影像分类的实际生产应用。 相似文献
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本文以雷州半岛为研究区,利用Sentinel-2A影像数据和真实植被样本数据,综合探讨了机器学习中随机森林与支持向量机的分类效果,并与传统的最大似然法进行比较。提取Sentinel-2A影像9个波段、7个植被指数、72个纹理特征,通过递归特征消除法挑选了10个特征组合,并将其应用于3种分类方法中,对其分类效果进行比较。结果表明:①有效使用多种特征变量是提高植被类型识别精度的关键,就不同特征对植被类型识别的重要性而言,光谱特征与纹理特征相当且大于植被指数,三者重要性相差不大;②随机森林分类效果最佳,不但能对特征进行有效选择,而且能保证植被类型提取精度,提高运行效率;③基于随机森林特征选择的递归特征消除法得到的特征组合不能对其他分类器性能进行优化,对随机森林模型本身的优化效果也有限。 相似文献
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Binh T. Pham Indra Prakash Khabat Khosravi Kamran Chapi Phan T. Trinh Trinh Q. Ngo 《国际地球制图》2013,28(13):1385-1407
AbstractIn this study, the main goal is to compare the predictive capability of Support Vector Machines (SVM) with four Bayesian algorithms namely Naïve Bayes Tree (NBT), Bayes network (BN), Naïve Bayes (NB), Decision Table Naïve Bayes (DTNB) for identifying landslide susceptibility zones in Pauri Garhwal district (India). First, landslide inventory map was built using 1295 historical landslide data, then in total sixteen influencing factors were selected and tested for landslide susceptibility modelling. Performance of the model was evaluated and compared using Statistical based index methods, Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve named AUC, and Chi-square method. Analysis results show that that the SVM has the highest prediction capability, followed by the NBT, DTNBT, BN and NB, respectively. Thus, this study confirms that the SVM is one of the benchmark models for the assessment of susceptibility of landslides. 相似文献
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Iftikhar U. Sikder 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(12):1206-1223
This paper presents a granular computing approach to spatial classification and prediction of land cover classes using rough set variable precision methods. In particular, it presents an approach to characterizing large spatially clustered data sets to discover knowledge in multi-source supervised classification. The evidential structure of spatial classification is founded on the notions of equivalence relations of rough set theory. It allows expressing spatial concepts in terms of approximation space wherein a decision class can be approximated through the partition of boundary regions. The paper also identifies how approximate reasoning can be introduced by using variable precision rough sets in the context of land cover characterization. The rough set theory is applied to demonstrate an empirical application and the predictive performance is compared with popular baseline machine learning algorithms. A comparison shows that the predictive performance of the rough set rule induction is slightly higher than the decision tree and significantly outperforms the baseline models such as neural network, naïve Bayesian and support vector machine methods. 相似文献
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Conventional machine learning methods are often unable to achieve high degrees of accuracy when only spectral data are involved in the classification process. The main reason of that inaccuracy can be brought back to the omission of the spatial information in the classification. The present paper suggests a way to combine effectively the spectral and the spatial information and improve the classification’s accuracy. In practice, a Bayesian two-stage methodology is proposed embodying two enhancements: i) a geostatistical non-parametric classification approach, the universal indicator kriging and ii) the smooth multivariate kernel method. The former provides an informative prior, while the latter overcomes the assumption (often not true) of independence of the spectral data. The case study reports an application to land-cover classification in a study area located in the Apulia region (Southern Italy). The methodology performance in terms of overall accuracy was compared with five state-of-the-art methods, i.e. naïve Bayes, Random Forest, artificial neural networks, support vector machines and decision trees. It is shown that the proposed methodology outperforms all the compared methods and that even a severe reduction of the training set does not affect seriously the average accuracy of the presented method. 相似文献
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Personalized travel route recommendation using collaborative filtering based on GPS trajectories 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Travelling is a critical component of daily life. With new technology, personalized travel route recommendations are possible and have become a new research area. A personalized travel route recommendation refers to plan an optimal travel route between two geographical locations, based on the road networks and users’ travel preferences. In this paper, we define users’ travel behaviours from their historical Global Positioning System (GPS) trajectories and propose two personalized travel route recommendation methods – collaborative travel route recommendation (CTRR) and an extended version of CTRR (CTRR+). Both methods consider users’ personal travel preferences based on their historical GPS trajectories. In this paper, we first estimate users’ travel behaviour frequencies by using collaborative filtering technique. A route with the maximum probability of a user’s travel behaviour is then generated based on the naïve Bayes model. The CTRR+ method improves the performances of CTRR by taking into account cold start users and integrating distance with the user travel behaviour probability. This paper also conducts some case studies based on a real GPS trajectory data set from Beijing, China. The experimental results show that the proposed CTRR and CTRR+ methods achieve better results for travel route recommendations compared with the shortest distance path method. 相似文献
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基于随机森林算法的城市不透水面信息提取——以长春市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了快速、准确地掌握不透水面的空间分布及满足动态变化信息现实需求，本文基于多分类器集成学习的思想，引入随机森林算法，以Landsat8影像为数据源，长春市为实验区，选取光谱特征、纹理测度、空间变换后的独立分量等25个特征变量进行分类研究，根据OOB误差进行重要性分析并试验得出最优的分类模型，实现高精度不透水面信息的提取，最后与传统参数分类法进行比较。结果表明：随机森林算法的总体精度可以达到94%，高出最大似然分类法5.9%，支持向量机算法0.77%，Kappa系数为0.914 3，均方根误差为0.104 3，不透水面的提取精度达95.54%，可以精确地得出所需信息，为城市建设与规划提供有效的专题数据。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTTree species distribution mapping using remotely sensed data has long been an important research area. However, previous studies have rarely established a comprehensive and efficient classification procedure to obtain an accurate result. This study proposes a hierarchical classification procedure with optimized node variables and thresholds to classify tree species based on high spatial resolution satellite imagery. A classification tree structure consisting of parent and leaf nodes was designed based on user experience and visual interpretation. Spectral, textural, and topographic variables were extracted based on pre-segmented images. The random forest algorithm was used to select variables by ranking the impact of all variables. An iterating approach was used to optimize variables and thresholds in each loop by comprehensively considering the test accuracy and selected variables. The threshold range for each selected variable was determined by a statistical method considering the mean and standard deviation for two subnode types at each parent node. Classification of tree species was implemented using the optimized variables and thresholds. The results show that (1) the proposed procedure can accurately map the tree species distribution, with an overall accuracy of over 86% for both training and test stages; (2) critical variables for each class can be identified using this proposed procedure, and optimal variables of most tree plantation nodes are spectra related; (3) the overall forest classification accuracy using the proposed method is more accurate than that using the random forest (RF) and classification and regression tree (CART). The proposed approach provides results with 3.21% and 7.56% higher overall land cover classification accuracy and 4.68% and 10.28% higher overall forest classification accuracy than RF and CART, respectively. 相似文献
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Data mining techniques are used to discover knowledge from GIS database in order to improve remote sensing image classification.Two learning granularities are proposed for inductive learning from spatial data,one is spatial object granularity,the other is pixel granularity.We also present an approach to combine inductive learning with conventional image classification methods,which selects class probability of Bayes classification as learning attributes.A land use classification experiment is performed in the Beijing area using SPOT multi-spectral image and GIS data.Rules about spatial distribution patterns and shape features are discovered by C5.0 inductive learning algorithm and then the image is reclassified by deductive reasoning.Comparing with the result produced only by Bayes classification,the overall accuracy increased by 11% and the accuracy of some classes,such as garden and forest,increased by about 30%.The results indicate that inductive learning can resolve spectral confusion to a great extent.Combining Bayes method with inductive learning not only improves classification accuracy greatly,but also extends the classification by subdividing some classes with the discovered knowledge. 相似文献
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结合随机森林面向对象的森林资源分类 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对森林资源分类研究较少且缺少相对简单有效的方法的情况,提出一种结合面向对象和随机森林的森林资源分类方法。面向对象分割技术可减少“椒盐效应”,随机森林分类算法具有高准确度、抗噪声能力强、性能稳定等优势。鉴于此,通过调整面向对象的分割参数,构造最优特征空间及估算随机森林中决策树的数量等,构建了最优的面向对象随机森林分类模型。另外,选择了SVM算法作对比试验。试验结果显示,本文分类算法的总体精度达到83.34%,Kappa系数为0.7892,明显高于SVM,能够有效提高森林资源分类的精度。 相似文献
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Data mining techniques are used to discover knowledge from GIS database in order to improve remote sensing image classification. Two learning granularities are proposed for inductive learning from spatial data, one is spatial object granularity, the other is pixel granularity. We also present an approach to combine inductive learning with conventional image classification methods, which selects class probability of Bayes classification as learning attributes. A land use classification experiment is performed in the Beijing area using SPOT multi-spectral image and GIS data. Rules about spatial distribution patterns and shape features are discovered by C5.0 inductive learning algorithm and then the image is reclassified by deductive reasoning. Comparing with the results produced only by Bayes classification, the overall accuracy increased by 11% and the accuracy of some classes, such as garden and forest, increased by about 30%. The results indicate that inductive learning can resolve spectral confusion to a great extent. Combining Bayes method with inductive learning not only improves classification accuracy greatly, but also extends the classification by subdividing some classes with the discovered knowledge. 相似文献