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选址问题是GIS最基本的任务之一。选址通常是考虑一定条件下的空间位置优化,很难将人类的活动情况作为优化因素考虑进来。本文结合东莞市小山小湖社区公园的选址工作,通过分析海量出租车的OD（上下车）记录数据,在选址任务中引入居民实际居住与出行情况作为参考。通过提高人口分布密度这一重要选址影响因素的精度,进而改进小山小湖社区公园的选址情况,这种方法是对传统分析方法的有效补充和创新。基于出租车轨迹数据的选址方法与传统的选址方法相结合,更有效、合理地提高了选址的可靠度。 相似文献
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城市人群的出行特征通过车辆轨迹数据隐含的行为信息可以体现,但传统的单维度模型将不再适用于轨迹数据隐含的多维信息的挖掘.本文将海口市中心城区根据路网划分区域,使用能够挖掘多维信息的非负稀疏约束下张量分解基于"滴滴出行"轨迹数据,从时空维度挖掘居民出行规律并进行区域功能特征识别.结果表明:居民出行时间符合工作日,休息日的早... 相似文献
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利用手机话单数据分析城市个体居民移动活动的时间熵和空间熵特征,一方面探讨了从原始话单记录中进行出行识别的必要性,另一方面提出了一种考虑空间邻近性的轨迹近似熵特征分析方法。其中,出行识别可以克服手机定位数据采样频率较低的缺陷;近似熵分析方法具有强空间鲁棒性,可以减少因手机定位数据空间精度较低带来的影响。实证结果表明,城市居民出行活动既具有强烈的目的地选择倾向,同时也具有强烈的移动路径选择偏好。 相似文献
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宋绪钦 《测绘科学技术学报》2005,22(3):222-225
Delaunay三角网分析技术在大范围、多候选地选址情况下解决大型设施选址问题具有优势.文中分析了大型设施选址问题的考虑因素与选址模型,以此为基础,根据我国资本市场二板市场建设需要考虑的因素,根据我国各地资本市场的发展水平和经济发展水平,利用Delaunay图分析技术,确定我国资本市场二板市场的合理场址为武汉市. 相似文献
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基于完善的交通规划理论和模型,以某市为例,借助RS技术的空间数据获取能力和GIS技术的空间分析能力,综合考虑最短出行距离、最短出行时间以及网络节点人口密度3个因素,研究分析某市的道路交通可达性,并对现有的道路交通网络进行评价,为未来城市道路交通规划以及城市建设提供科学可靠的参考依据。 相似文献
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在分析传统的配送中心选址模型优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于GIS的物流配送中心选址模型。该模型采用多因素参与决策的方法,结合GIS技术与空间分析方法确定最佳选址地点,最后以张家界市永定区某街道配送仓库的选址为例对模型进行了实现。 相似文献
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室内地标在室内位置信息服务（location based service,LBS）中发挥着重要作用。针对室外地标提取方法不能完全适用于更为复杂的室内环境的问题,提出了一种显著度定量评价模型用于在室内环境中提取地标。以大型商场的室内环境为研究对象,从视觉、认知、空间3个方面分析影响室内兴趣点（point of interest,POI）显著性的主要因素,并用这些因素构建了室内POI整体显著度评价模型。选择武汉市群光购物中心室内的POI数据进行显著度计算,依据显著度的差异性提取了多层地标,反映不同粒度的室内区域空间知识。提取的多层地标可以作为室内智能导航系统中的重要标识,为在复杂的大型商场内实现快速寻路、多粒度路径导引提供关键线索。 相似文献
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利用遥感技术进行工程预选址,能够克服困难地区交通不便、环境恶劣等困难,但使用商业遥感影像成本较高,借助Google Earth提供的坐标信息,以及开放网络资源提供的高分辨率遥感影像进行工程预选址能够达到事半功倍的效果。文中利用Google Earth进行二次开发,获取某区域的三维坐标点集,建立数字高程模型。在此基础上,叠加影像制作该区域三维场景,并结合该区域遥感地质解译等相关资料,在三维场景中进行综合分析,实现工程预选址。实验表明,在三维场景中进行选址分析更直观、真实,选址工作更具有针对性,可缩小感兴区范围,节省大量时间。 相似文献
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Modeling pedestrian shopping behavior using principles of bounded rationality: model comparison and validation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Models of geographical choice behavior have been dominantly based on rational choice models, which assume that decision makers
are utility-maximizers. Rational choice models may be less appropriate as behavioral models when modeling decisions in complex
environments in which decision makers may simplify the decision problem using heuristics. Pedestrian behavior in shopping
streets is an example. We therefore propose a modeling framework for pedestrian shopping behavior incorporating principles
of bounded rationality. We extend three classical heuristic rules (conjunctive, disjunctive and lexicographic rule) by introducing
threshold heterogeneity. The proposed models are implemented using data on pedestrian behavior in Wang Fujing Street, the
city center of Beijing, China. The models are estimated and compared with multinomial logit models and mixed logit models.
Results show that the heuristic models are the best for all the decisions that are modeled. Validation tests are carried out
through multi-agent simulation by comparing simulated spatio-temporal agent behavior with the observed pedestrian behavior.
The predictions of heuristic models are slightly better than those of the multinomial logit models. 相似文献
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Accessibility Futures 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study uses accessibility as a performance measure to evaluate a matrix of future land use and network scenarios for planning purposes. The concept of accessibility dates to the 1950s, but this type of application to transportation planning is new. Previous research has established the coevolution of transportation and land use, demonstrated the dependence of accessibility on both, and made the case for the use of accessibility measures as a planning tool. This study builds off of these findings by demonstrating the use of accessibility‐based performance measures in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area. This choice of performance measure also allows for transit and highway networks to be compared side‐by‐side. For roadway modeling, zone‐to‐zone travel time matrix was computed using stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) assignment with travel time feedback to trip distribution. A database of schedules was used on the transit networks to assign transit routes. This travel time data was joined with the land use data from each scenario to obtain the employment, population, and labor accessibility from each traffic analysis zone (TAZ) within specified time ranges. Tables of person‐weighted accessibility were computed for 20 minutes with zone population as the weight for employment accessibility and zone employment as the weight for population and labor accessibility. Maps of accessibility by zone were produced to show the spatial distribution of accessibility across the region. The results show that a scenario where population and employment growth are concentrated in the center of the metropolitan area would produce the highest accessibility no matter which transportation network changes are made. However, another scenario which concentrates population growth in the center of the metropolitan area and shifts employment growth to the periphery consistently outperforms the scenario representing the projected 2030 land use without any growth management strategy. 相似文献
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购物导航系统是一种采用科学的手段、先进的方法提高顾客购物效率的软件系统。以中关村购物广场为研究对象,提出了利用地理信息系统路径规划技术为主体,并在地理信息系统逻辑网络的基础上设计购物中心网络数据结构,建立适于路径分析的购物广场导航电子地图数据的整体设计方案。在经典Dijkstra网络分析技术和智能购物导航需求的基础上,设计了目标明确型、多店铺高效型、消磨时间型3种购物导航路径分析算法;并利用C#和ArcEngine 9.3组件,开发出一套具有信息查询、路径规划等功能,并有利于优化购物环境的购物广场导航系统。 相似文献
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个体轨迹数据已经广泛用于人群活动的研究中。在静止的局部空间开展的活动是个体日常生活的基本元素,在轨迹数据中对应停留部分。因此学者常从轨迹数据中识别停留来研究个体活动信息。然而,轨迹数据的时间采样间隔会对停留识别带来影响。针对该问题,首先提出了一个框架,量化不同持续时间长度的活动在不同时间采样间隔的轨迹数据中被识别为停留的概率。其次,考虑到个体出行网络依赖于停留识别结果,基于该框架,研究分析了时间采样间隔对出行网络分析结果的影响。最后,利用该框架分别对深圳市居民出行调查数据和手机轨迹数据进行了分析。研究表明,在面向人群活动的研究和应用中,该框架能支持时间采样间隔的选择决策和面向活动类型的研究结果评价。 相似文献
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网络的普及使得网上购物这种消费模式也随之发展起来,目前,网上购物已经融入了人们的日常生活之中,并成为密不可分的一部分。本文提供了这样一个平台,特别针对消费者进入超市购物的需求,并将这一环境作为论题,将Java编程语言作为设计与实现这一网上超市购物模式的开发工具。最后,对该模式的总体设计与实现过程分别进行了论述。 相似文献
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合理进行线下广告牌投放位置的选择对商家宣传品牌以及扩大营销市场具有十分积极的作用。由于商业数据较难获取,以往研究多停留在宏观理论层面,未能对线下广告选址的实际布局进行细尺度分析。以北京为研究区,通过耦合某大型家装品牌线下广告到店转化率和路网、感兴趣点数据等表征地理特征和商业经济特征的多源空间数据,构建了基于随机森林的广告到店转化率预测模型（
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Pluvial flash flood (PFF) can cause serious traffic disruption in big cities. We conducted interdisciplinary research by integrating flood modeling and traffic analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal pattern of the interplay between these two processes. A simplified simulation tool, which is capable of building a road network model, assigning trip paths with the effect of road closures, and evaluating travel delay and vehicle volume redistribution in a given PFF scenario, was developed to capture the traffic disruption in the face of PFF events. Modeling outputs from a case study in the city center of Shanghai showed that the delay of vehicles diverted to dry links or trapped in flooded links may reach 0.5 to 8 times the travel time in no‐flood scenarios. Overall, approximately 1–7% of vehicle volumes on flooded links would be redistributed onto dry links (more likely major arterial roads). However, the vehicle volume variation during each time interval demonstrated evident disparity with the spatiotemporal change of flood inundations. Simulating and mapping the congestion can largely facilitate the identification of vulnerable links. Future research will test the method in other intra‐urban areas and try to bridge the gap between modeling outputs and smart city planning and management. 相似文献