共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 108 毫秒
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在北极东北航道东西伯利亚海和楚科奇海交汇的关键区域,利用四景2012年北极夏季Radarsat-2 SAR海冰图像,通过图像分类提取了海冰密集度;同时采用NASA TEAM算法,基于海洋二号(HY-2)卫星扫描微波辐射计亮温数据反演了对应区域的海冰密集度;并引入美国冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)发布的SSMIS海冰密集度产品进行了对比研究。通过不同来源海冰密集度数据的分析发现HY-2、SAR和SSMIS的结果在4个研究区域上的分布趋势基本吻合;但在海冰边缘区,由SAR图像分类得到的海冰密集度高于HY-2和SSMIS的反演结果,说明了高分辨率的SAR图像在监测边缘区小尺寸浮冰上有优势。三种数据中,原始分辨率相同(25 km)的HY-2与SSMIS的结果最为相近,而HY-2同SAR的相关性与SAR同SSMIS的相关性一致。在冰边缘,HY-2的反演值偏低于SAR和SSMIS的结果,这是受该处较高水汽含量影响的结果,也是未来发展HY-2微波辐射计反演算法需要重点改进的地方。 相似文献
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风云三号D星搭载的微波成像仪(microwave radiation imager,MWRI)可提供被动微波数据以实现全北极尺度的海冰面积和海冰边缘线研究。基于MWRI数据获取北极海冰面积和海冰边缘线的相关研究较少,且精度验证工作不足。使用基于6种算法的MWRI数据的海冰密集度结果,提取北极的海冰面积和海冰边缘线,将专用传感器微波成像仪/探测仪(special sensor microwave imager/sounder, SSMIS)和先进微波扫描辐射计(advanced microwave scanning radiometer2,AMSR2)数据作为对比,使用中分辨率成像光谱仪(Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS)融合产品(2019年8月26日—12月31日)评估精度。结果表明, MWRI数据的海冰面积随时间变化的趋势与MODIS融合产品基本保持一致。MWRI提取的海冰边缘线相比SSMIS更接近MODIS融合产品获得的结果,均方根误差约为20～30 km。这些差异主要和数据间时空分辨率有关。总之, MWRI具... 相似文献
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北极冰面融池对于研究北极海冰质量平衡、海洋混合层热收支和盐量收支等具有重要意义。为了获得准确的融池覆盖率,本研究提出了一种利用无人机进行北极海冰融池及冰面粗糙度信息提取的方法。在第7次中国北极科学考察期间,利用无人机获取加拿大海盆周边浮冰区冰面航拍影像,针对海冰航拍图像特殊性改进了基于暗原色先验的图像去雾算法,对拼接后的航拍图像进行融池识别,计算得到航拍区域的融池覆盖率。同时利用航拍影像三维建模得到海冰表面相对高程和冰面粗糙度,继而对融池覆盖率和海冰表面粗糙度分布规律进行研究。结果表明,在本次航拍区域,海冰粗糙度大的区域具有更多小面积的融池,而融透的、面积大的融池多出现在粗糙度小的平整冰区。 相似文献
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利用1994年10月南极区域的6景SIR-C影像,评估了L波段和C波段下13种主要的SAR极化特征参数区分海冰、海水信息的能力。结果表明:L波段下有6种参数能较好地区分海冰和海水,它们是:散射熵、交叉极化比HV/VV、同极化比VV/HH、同极化相关系数ρHH-VV、HV极化后向散射系数、Alpha角;另外,HH极化后向散射系数、交叉极化比HV/HH具有一定的区分海冰和海水的能力;其余5种难以区分海冰和海水。C波段下有4种参数能较好地区分海冰和海水,他们是:散射熵、同极化相关系数ρHH-VV、HV极化后向散射系数、同极化比VV/HH;HH极化后向散射系数、交叉极化比HV/VV、Alpha角和VV极化后向散射系数这4种参数具有一定的区分海冰和海水的能力;其余5种难以区分海冰和海水。且总体来看,L波段区分海冰和海水的能力好于C波段。这为海冰探测的研究提供了有用的参考。 相似文献
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HY-2是中国自主研发的海洋卫星。 本文研究了利用HY-2卫星扫描微波辐射计亮温数据反演北极海冰密集度的方法。参考NASA TEAM方法,我们对典型海区光谱梯度率和极化梯度率进行了统计分析,确定了计算海冰密集度所需的亮温特征值;利用天气滤波器有效去除了开阔海域由于大气中水蒸气、云中液态水、降雨等现象引起的海冰密集度计算错误。本文计算了2012年全年的北极海冰密集度产品并对产品精度进行了初步验证,验证结果表明：三个海冰类型已知区域的海冰密集度结果与理想值比较接近,多年冰密集度的反演精度需要进一步提高;本文结果与美国冰雪数据中心和德国不来梅大学提供的两种业务化海冰密集度产品一致。本研究为利用HY-2卫星监测极区海冰密集度变化,发布实时产品奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《极地研究》2014,(4)
HY-2是中国自主研发的海洋卫星。本文研究了利用HY-2卫星微波扫描辐射计亮温数据反演北极海冰密集度的方法。参考NASA TEAM方法,我们对典型海区光谱梯度率和极化梯度率进行了统计分析,确定了计算海冰密集度所需的亮温特征值;利用天气滤波器有效去除了开阔海域由于大气中水蒸气、云中液态水、降雨等现象引起的海冰密集度计算错误。本文计算了2012年全年的北极海冰密集度产品,并对产品精度进行了初步验证,验证结果表明:三个海冰类型已知区域的海冰密集度结果与理想值比较接近,多年冰密集度的反演精度需要进一步提高。本文结果与美国冰雪数据中心和德国不来梅大学提供的两种业务化海冰密集度产品一致。本研究为利用HY-2卫星监测极区海冰密集度变化,发布实时产品奠定了基础。 相似文献
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南大洋海冰分布是南极考察过程中影响破冰船航行的重要因素,也是南极研究的重要内容之一。目前国际上不同机构发布的南大洋海冰分布图,大多是球面投影,不能直接用于主流的瓦片地图发布。将极方位立体投影海冰图转换为目前主流的网络墨卡托投影地图,并利用合适的图像重采样方法,按照不同级别比例尺进行瓦片切割和编号存储,最终实现海冰影像地图的发布共享是本文的主要研究内容。笔者对不同的图像重采样方法进行了比较,分析了最邻近点采样方法、双线性内插和双三次卷积重采样方法的优劣,针对本文的研究优选双线性内插方法进行影像地图瓦片的切割,并最终叠加融合在Google地图上,实现了Google底图、准实时海冰影像图与破冰船走航位置的集成显示,为雪龙船的冰区航行提供了重要的数据支撑。 相似文献
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This paper outlines the fundamental roles sea ice plays during the spring Arctic climate, and it demonstrates the use of passive microwave remote sensing in measuring climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. It discusses the theoretical concepts underlying passive microwave remote sensing of sea ice, and it summarizes the historical use of satellite microwave radiometry in the Arctic region. In addition, this paper discusses the derivation of climatically important sea ice variables, including sea ice extent, concentration, multiyear ice fraction, and snow melt onset, with additional comments on the precision and accuracy of the remote sensing estimates. It also discusses interannual trends in sea ice extent and presents interannual trends in snow melt onset dates. Finally, this paper provides a brief discussion on the future directions in passive microwave remote sensing of climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):315-322
This paper outlines the fundamental roles sea ice plays during the spring Arctic climate, and it demonstrates the use of passive microwave remote sensing in measuring climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. It discusses the theoretical concepts underlying passive microwave remote sensing of sea ice, and it summarizes the historical use of satellite microwave radiometry in the Arctic region. In addition, this paper discusses the derivation of climatically important sea ice variables, including sea ice extent, concentration, multiyear ice fraction, and snow melt onset, with additional comments on the precision and accuracy of the remote sensing estimates. It also discusses interannual trends in sea ice extent and presents interannual trends in snow melt onset dates. Finally, this paper provides a brief discussion on the future directions in passive microwave remote sensing of climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. 相似文献
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南极冰盖物质收支与不稳定性对全球气候变化和海平面升高有着重要影响,而冰盖厚度和冰下地形则是研究南极冰盖的物质平衡、动力及不稳定性极为重要的参数。自20世纪50年代以来,国际上针对南极冰盖开展了大量的冰雷达以及重、磁测量,这些测量结果被汇集并形成冰厚和冰下地形数据库,进而服务于冰盖模式和地球系统研究,最新推出的成果便是BEDMAP 2(Bedrock Mapping Project 2)。首先介绍了BEDMAP 2的数据来源、结构以及数据处理,并讨论了数据的质量评价,然后分析了BEDMAP 2中展示的整个南极冰盖与冰下地形及其特点。最后,对于BEDMAP 2对中国在南极冰盖考察和研究方面的作用进行了一些讨论与展望。 相似文献
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研究发现,AMSR-E的垂直极化的18.7 GHz(V18.7)和36.5 GHz(V36.5)的亮温比值在一年冰覆盖区域主要是相应频段的海冰微波发射率之比,而在多年冰覆盖区域受海冰微波发射率和海冰温度共同影响,并且海冰年龄越大亮温比值也越大。应用强度比参数可以比较好地确定冬季一年冰与多年冰之间的阈值,其中,在该阈值处,强度比梯度达到最大。该阈值呈现明显的季节性变化规律,在冬季阈值比较稳定,而在夏季受海水的影响变化范围比较大。应用强度比方法确定的多年冰范围,与NASA Team2(NT2)方法相比在大西洋扇区差异非常小;而在太平洋扇区出现比较大的差异。对比发现强度比法确定的多年冰范围一般大于NT2法。 相似文献
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Reconstructions of the Late Quaternary glacial history of the Kara Sea area show repeated build-up of ice-sheet domes over the shallow epicontinental Kara Sea. Inferred ice divides were situated over the central Kara Sea, and the ice sheet repeatedly inundated the surrounding coastal areas of western Siberia. Geological fingerprinting of the Kara Sea ice sheet include end moraine zones, raised beaches, tills, glaciotectonic deformations and coarsening-upward sediment sequences, reflecting isostatic rebound cycles. This paper reviews evidence from several areas along the perimeter of the Kara Sea, suggesting that peripheral sites were critical for the initiation of the large Kara Sea ice sheet. Ice-sheet inception progressed with the formation of local ice caps that later coalesced on the adjacent shelf with globally falling sea levels, eventually merging and growing into a large ice dome. 相似文献
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Georg Kaufmann 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,131(2):281-292
In this paper the effect of a delayed onset of glaciation in the Barents Sea on glacial isostatic adjustment is investigated. The model calculations solve the sea-level equation governing the total mass redistributions associated with the last glaciation cycle on a spherically symmetric, linear, Maxwell viscoelastic earth for two different scenarios for the growth phase of the Barents Sea ice sheet. In the first ice model a linear growing history is used for the Barents Sea ice sheet, which closely relates its development to the build-up of other major Late Pleistocene ice sheets. In the second ice model the accumulation of the Barents Sea ice sheet is restricted to the last 6 ka prior to the last glacial maximum.
The calculations predict relative sea levels, present-day radial velocities, and gravity anomalies for the area formerly covered by the Weichselian ice sheet. The results show that observed relative sea levels in the Barents Sea are appropriate for distinguishing between the different glaciation histories. In particular, present-day observables such as the free-air gravity anomaly over the Barents Sea, and the present-day radial velocities are sensitive to changes in the glaciation history on this scale.
A palaeobathymetry derived from relative sea-level predictions before the last glacial maximum based on the second ice model essentially agrees with a palaeobathymetry derived by Lambeck (1995). The additional emerged areas provide centres for the build-up of an ice sheet and thus support the theory of Hald, Danielsen & Lorentzen (1990) and Mangerud et al. (1992) that the Barents Sea was an essentially marine environment shortly before the last glacial maximum. 相似文献
The calculations predict relative sea levels, present-day radial velocities, and gravity anomalies for the area formerly covered by the Weichselian ice sheet. The results show that observed relative sea levels in the Barents Sea are appropriate for distinguishing between the different glaciation histories. In particular, present-day observables such as the free-air gravity anomaly over the Barents Sea, and the present-day radial velocities are sensitive to changes in the glaciation history on this scale.
A palaeobathymetry derived from relative sea-level predictions before the last glacial maximum based on the second ice model essentially agrees with a palaeobathymetry derived by Lambeck (1995). The additional emerged areas provide centres for the build-up of an ice sheet and thus support the theory of Hald, Danielsen & Lorentzen (1990) and Mangerud et al. (1992) that the Barents Sea was an essentially marine environment shortly before the last glacial maximum. 相似文献
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揭示气候变化的南极冰盖研究新进展 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
南极冰盖是气候的产物，对气候也有反馈作用，冰盖物质平衡变化与全球海平面升降息息相关，并引发地球系统内的一系列变化，南极冰盖是记录全球变化信息的良好载体，具有信息量大，时间序列长，保真性能强，分辨率高以及可进行现代过程定量研究等其他介质无法取代的独特优点，随着科学技术的发展和人类对全球问题的日益重视，南极冰盖与全球变化研究这一领域将会以高起点，多学科互相交叉，渗透为特色，成为未来南极研究的热点领域。 相似文献