共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
跨断层隔震管道分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
埋地管道在断层错动作用下的内力分析及其抗震措施一直是生命线工程的一个重要问题与研究热点。对地下管道在断层错位下的响应计算,取得的成果较多,比较经典的有Newmark-Hall方法和Kennedy方法。后来又出现基于壳模型的简化方法,如高田至郎提出的简化计算方法等。相对来讲,关于管道抗震措施的研究成果较少。本文提出一种抗震措施,进行了基于壳模型的有限元动力数值模拟,并与4种松到中密场地土条件下的埋地管道断层错位响应进行对比分析。计算结果表明,本方法中三种长度管道的最大轴向拉应变远小于埋地管道的最大轴向拉应变,而且最大轴向压应变亦不大。 相似文献
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壳有限元方法是目前较先进的分析地震活动断层作用下埋地管线反应的方法 ,但是由于受断层错动影响的管道一般较长 ,因此该方法需要较大的计算资源 .本文提出一种等效边界方法 ,可以克服现有壳有限元方法的缺点 .埋地管线在地震断层作用下的大变形反应往往只发生在断层附近 ,而离断层较远处管段的变形反应相对较小 .本文从理论上得出一个等效边界 ,以非线性弹簧的形式应用到壳单元分析模型的两端 ,替代模型以外管段的影响 .这样只需对感兴趣的发生大变形的管段进行壳单元建模型 ,从而解决了现有的壳有限元方法需要大量计算机时和资源的缺点 .与现有的壳模型固定边界方法进行比较 ,验证了等效边界方法的合理性和有效性 . 相似文献
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壳有限元方法是目前较先进的分析地震活动断层作用下埋地管线反应的方法， 但是由于受断层错动影响的管道一般较长，因此该方法需要较大的计算资源. 本文提出一种等效边界方法，可以克服现有壳有限元方法的缺点. 埋地管线在地震断层作用下的大变形反应往往只发生在断层附近，而离断层较远处管段的变形反应相对较小.本文从理论上得出一个等效边界，以非线性弹簧的形式应用到壳单元分析模型的两端，替代模型以外管段的影响. 这样只需对感兴趣的发生大变形的管段进行壳单元建模型，从而解决了现有的壳有限元方法需要大量计算机时和资源的缺点. 与现有的壳模型固定边界方法进行比较，验证了等效边界方法的合理性和有效性. 相似文献
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碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）被广泛应用于工程结构加固领域,以提高结构抵抗变形的能力。基于管道-土体相互作用三维非线性有限元分析方法,研究逆断层作用下埋地油气钢管经外包CFRP加固后的非线性响应规律和破坏模式。基于Hashin失效准则模拟CFRP受力破坏过程,与相关理论公式进行对比验证,并对加固前后逆断层错动连续埋地钢管力学响应进行分析。研究结果表明,CFRP加固钢管可显著提高其抵抗逆断层错动的能力,0°/90°为最佳缠绕角度;管道内压的施加虽抑制了管道轴向应变的增加,但当管道发生局部屈曲后,管道内压会导致管道屈曲集中于应力最大处;管道内压的施加不仅增强了CFRP加固钢管的抗变形能力,还抑制了CFRP加固钢管发生局部屈曲后应变的发展。 相似文献
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海洋地震频繁且海底土体环境复杂,当地震导致断层土体发生永久变形后,穿越断层的海底埋地管道也将受迫发生变形。为确定变形后的管道能否正常工作,需根据实际工况对其进行应变响应预测。首先通过有限元计算软件ABAQUS建立管道与走滑断层的三维实体模型,模拟管-土间的接触作用并通过等效边界方法修正模型,得到管道局部屈曲破坏形式及应变分布情况。然后,通过调整有限元模型参数对断层交角、管道工作内压、管道径厚比对管道极限塑性应变的影响进行敏感性分析,定性分析不同敏感性因素对穿越走滑断层海底管道应变响应的影响。最后,在数值模拟数据的基础上通过MATLAB软件利用基于遗传算法优化的BP神经网络实现对管道应变响应的精确预测。结果表明:穿越走滑断层管道在发生局部屈曲时,可根据轴向压缩应变突变现象确定管道局部屈曲时对应的断层位移,并且断层交角、管道工作内压和管道径厚比都会对跨断层管道应变响应产生影响。 相似文献
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采用混凝土塑性损伤本构模拟盾构管片,建立三维有限元壳-弹簧模型,开展了在45°断层错动下盾构隧道结构响应的静力弹塑性分析。研究表明,在正断层和逆断层错动下,衬砌受压损伤最大值均分布在拱顶处,衬砌受拉损伤最大值均分布在拱腰处;正断层错动下,环间螺栓易发生受拉破坏;逆断层错动下,混凝土管片易发生拉压损伤破坏。替换断层附近土体为软土的同时提高螺栓强度等级,可有效抵御较大的断层错动位移。研究对断层错动下盾构隧道的抗震措施具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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跨越断层埋地管道屈曲分析 总被引：19，自引：7，他引：19
考虑埋地管道与土介质的相互作用，分析了管道作为薄壳结构的断层位错反应。管道模型化为四结点薄壳单元结构，土介质简化为弹塑性弹簧，建立了管土相互作用的有限元分析模型。计算中，考虑了管道与土介质的材料非线性，管道几何参数，断层类型及破碎带宽，断层滑移角，埋深，内压，温度应力等因素的影响，根据计算结果描绘出管道控制点位移，应力及应变时空分布曲线；比较不同参数下管道的反应特征，总结管道反应的变化规律。最终得到结论：在大位移断层运动作用下，埋地管道反应存在明显的非线性效应，断层类型，管道埋深等因素不能忽略。 相似文献
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在考虑管道的材料非线性和几何非线性、管土相互作用的非线性和管道接口非线性的基础上,建立了由管体梁单元、三向土弹簧单元和接口单元组成的埋地非连续管道在断层位移作用下的有限元模型,并以美国密歇根大学Junhee等(2010)所做的跨断层水泥管试验为原型进行了模拟分析。有限元结果给出的水泥管最终变形、接口转角、接口位移与实验结果基本一致,表明本文提出的跨断层埋地非连续管道抗震计算的有限元分析方法具有一定的合理性。有限元结果和试验结果都表明,在逆冲断层作用下,水泥管的破坏主要是因为在管道接口处的轴向压力和弯矩的耦合作用,在断层附近的管道接口承受了较大的转动和压缩位移。本文所提出的分析方法可推广到埋地非连续管道在其它永久地面变形作用下的有限元分析。 相似文献
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输气管道作为1种薄壁壳体结构,逆冲断层引起的管道压缩变形容易使其破坏。本文以大北南疆输气管道工程为例,探讨了穿越克孜尔逆冲断层的输气管道地震安全问题。在确定管道穿越处的断层倾角、设防断层位错量、表征管土相互作用的土弹簧参数以及钢管容许应变等参数后,采用壳有限元方法,分析了穿越克孜尔逆冲断层的输气管道变形反应。分析结果显示,管道在逆冲断层作用下以压缩应变为主,管道内的最大轴向压缩应变的幅值随着交角的减小而减小。在通过探槽等方法确定断层活动位置后,该管道若以小于或等于11°的交角通过克孜尔断裂,断层引起的最大轴向压缩应变和拉伸应变均在管道相应的容许应变范围内,满足相关规范的抗震要求。 相似文献
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Some lifelines, such as gas and oil transmission lines and water and sewer pipelines, have been damaged in recent earthquakes. The damages of these lifelines may cause major, catastrophic disruption of essential services for human needs. Large abrupt differential ground movements that result from an active fault present one of the most severe effects of an earthquake on a buried pipeline system. Although simplified analysis procedures for buried pipelines across strike-slip fault zones that cause tensile failure of the pipeline have been proposed, the results are not accurate enough because of several assumptions involved, such as the omission of flexural rigidity of the pipe, simplification of soil resistant characteristics, etc. Note that the omission of flexural rigidity cannot satisfy equilibrium conditions for pipelines across a ‘reverse’ strike-slip fault that causes compressions in the pipeline. This paper presents a refined analysis procedure for buried pipelines that is applicable to both strike-slip and reverse strikeslip faults after modifying some of the assumptions used previously. Based on the analytical results, this paper also discusses the design criteria for buried pipelines which are subjected to various fault movements. Parametric responses of buried pipeline for various fault movements, angles of crossing, buried depths and pipe diameters are presented. 相似文献
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跨越断层埋地管线地震反应数值分析 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
跨越断层埋地管线在地震中的破坏是非常严重的,地震本身和管土相互作用体系中都存在很多不确定性因素,所以管线在断层运动过程中反应比较复杂。本文利用有限元理论和数值模拟手段,建立了管土作用模型,采用非线性接触问题研究方法详细地分析了管线由断层运动而产生的反应,对影响管线的各种因素进行了分析,包括位错量、跨越角度、断层运动形式、埋设深度、初始轴向力、断层裂缝宽度、填覆土质和管径。通过研究,得到一些初步结论。 相似文献
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穿越逆冲断层的埋地管道非线性反应分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
穿越逆冲断层的埋地管道在地震作用下,容易发生局部屈曲或整体失稳等形式的破坏,研究逆冲断层作用下的埋地管道地震反应规律,对管道抗震设计及施工等具有重要的意义。本文将埋地管线及周围土体从半无限地球介质中取出,分别以空间薄壳单元和实体单元进行离散,采用非线性接触力学方法模拟管、土之间的滑移、分离及闭合现象;采用线性位移加载模拟断层的错动,考虑了系统初始应力状态的影响,对土体未开裂前的管土相互作用系统进行了拟静力数值分析;分析了位错量、土体刚度、埋设深度、径厚比及跨越角度对埋地管道反应的影响,得出了一些有益的结论。 相似文献
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The performance of pipelines subjected to permanent strike–slip fault movement is investigated by combining detailed numerical simulations and closed-form solutions. First a closed-form solution for the force–displacement relationship of a buried pipeline subjected to tension is presented for pipelines of finite and infinite lengths. Subsequently the solution is used in the form of nonlinear springs at the two ends of the pipeline in a refined finite element model, allowing an efficient nonlinear analysis of the pipe–soil system at large strike–slip fault movements. The analysis accounts for large strains, inelastic material behavior of the pipeline and the surrounding soil, as well as contact and friction conditions on the soil–pipe interface. The numerical models consider infinite and finite length of the pipeline corresponding to various angles β between the pipeline axis and the normal to the fault plane. Using the proposed closed-form nonlinear force–displacement relationship for buried pipelines of finite and infinite length, axial strains are in excellent agreement with results obtained from detailed finite element models that employ beam elements and distributed springs along the pipeline length. Appropriate performance criteria of the steel pipeline are adopted and monitored throughout the analysis. It is shown that the end conditions of the pipeline have a significant influence on pipeline performance. For a strike–slip fault normal to the pipeline axis, local buckling occurs at relatively small fault displacements. As the angle between the fault normal and the pipeline axis increases, local buckling can be avoided due to longitudinal stretching, but the pipeline may fail due to excessive axial tensile strains or cross sectional flattening. Finally a simplified analytical model introduced elsewhere, is enhanced to account for end effects and illustrates the formation of local buckling for relative small values of crossing angle. 相似文献
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The present paper addresses the mechanical behavior of buried steel pipes crossing active strike-slip tectonic faults. The pipeline is assumed to cross the vertical fault plane at angles ranging between zero and 45 degrees. The fault moves in the horizontal direction, causing significant plastic deformation in the pipeline. The investigation is based on numerical simulation of the nonlinear response of the soil–pipeline system through finite elements, accounting for large strains and displacements, inelastic material behavior of the pipeline and the surrounding soil, as well as contact and friction on the soil–pipe interface. Steel pipes with D/t ratio and material grade typical for oil and gas pipelines are considered. The analysis is conducted through an incremental application of fault displacement. Appropriate performance criteria of the steel pipeline are defined and monitored throughout the analysis. The effects of various soil and line pipe parameters on the mechanical response of the pipeline are examined. The numerical results determine the fault displacement at which the specified performance criteria are reached, and are presented in diagram form, with respect to the crossing angle. The effects of internal pressure on pipeline performance are also investigated. In an attempt to explain the structural behavior of the pipeline with respect to local buckling, a simplified analytical model is also developed that illustrates the counteracting effects of pipeline bending and axial stretching for different crossing angles. The results from the present study can be used for the development of performance-based design methodologies for buried steel pipelines. 相似文献
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地震断层作用下的埋地管道等效分析模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地震作用下,活动断层附近的埋地管道易发生强度屈服、局部屈曲或整体失稳等形式的破坏,建立准确、高效的埋地管道在断层作用下的计算模型,对管道的抗震设计和震后安全状态评估具有重要的实用价值。本文采用非线性弹簧模拟远离断层处埋地管道的反应,基于管土之间小变形段管道处于强化阶段,提出一种改进的管土等效分析模型,进一步减小了管土之间大变形段的分析长度,从而提高了有限元分析效率。该模型采用ALA推荐的方法计算管土间的滑动摩擦力,可以考虑土体种类的影响;用Kennedy方法确定管道的计算长度。通过与精确模型比较,验证了管土等效模型的合理性和有效性。 相似文献
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Probabilistic permanent fault displacement hazard via Monte Carlo simulation and its consideration for the probabilistic risk assessment of buried continuous steel pipelines 
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下载免费PDF全文 Permanent fault displacements (PFDs) because of fault ruptures emerging at the surface are critical for seismic design and risk assessment of continuous pipelines. They impose significant compressive and tensile strains to the pipe cross‐section at pipe‐fault crossings. The complexity of fault rupture, inaccurate mapping of fault location and uncertainties in fault‐pipe crossing geometries require probabilistic approaches for assessing the PFD hazard and mitigating pipeline failure risk against PFD. However, the probabilistic approaches are currently waived in seismic design of pipelines. Bearing on these facts, this paper first assesses the probabilistic PFD hazard by using Monte Carlo‐based stochastic simulations whose theory and implementation are given in detail. The computed hazard is then used in the probabilistic risk assessment approach to calculate the failure probability of continuous pipelines under different PFD levels as well as pipe cross‐section properties. Our probabilistic pipeline risk computations consider uncertainties arising from complex fault rupture and geomorphology that result in inaccurate mapping of fault location and fault‐pipe crossings. The results presented in this paper suggest the re‐evaluation of design provisions in current pipeline design guidelines to reduce the seismic risk of these geographically distributed structural systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Shantanu Joshi Amit Prashant Arghya Deb Sudhir K. Jain 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
Presently available simplified analytical methods and semi-empirical methods for the analysis of buried pipelines subjected to fault motion are suitable only for the strike-slip and the normal-slip type fault motions, and cannot be used for the reverse fault crossing case. A simple finite element model, which uses beam elements for the pipeline and discrete nonlinear springs for the soil, has been proposed to analyse buried pipeline subjected to reverse fault motion. The material nonlinearities associated with pipe-material and soil, and geometric nonlinearity associated with large deformations were incorporated in the analysis. Complex reverse fault motion was simulated using suitable constraints between pipe-nodes and ground ends of the soil spring. Results of the parametric study suggest that the pipeline's capacity to accommodate reverse fault offset can be increased significantly by choosing a near-parallel orientation in plan with respect to the fault line. Further improvement in the response of the pipeline is possible by adopting loose backfill, smooth and hard surface coating, and shallow burial depth in the fault crossing region. For normal or near normal orientations, pipeline is expected to fail due to beam buckling at very small fault offsets. 相似文献