共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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为了探究层理对煤矿开采过程中煤岩声发射特征的影响,在寺河矿采集煤样,根据煤样制作要求,分别沿轴向垂直层理方向和平行层理方向加工煤样。利用RMT-150B岩石力学实验系统和CDAE-1全数字化声发射检测及分析系统,对煤样加载过程中的应力-应变、声发射特征进行测试分析。测试结果显示:轴向垂直层理煤样不仅具有较高的岩石力学强度和声发射强度,而且声发射特征具有较强的突变性和滞后性。声发射特征的差异性体现了在加载过程中,轴向垂直层理煤样以整体变形、破坏为主,轴向平行层理煤样以局部变形、破坏为主,这为煤矿井下动力灾害的监测、预报提供了指导。 相似文献
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开展煤矿区碳排放的系统评价和减排路径的综合分析,是落实我国碳达峰与碳中和愿景的具体行动。针对煤矿区碳排放源边界不清、核算模型缺乏及碳中和背景下发展方向等问题开展分析。通过文献查阅、资料收集等方法,厘清煤矿区碳排放源边界,并建立碳排放量核算模型,明确煤矿区低碳绿色发展方向。结果表明:煤矿区碳排放(CH4和CO2)来源可划分为自然排放和人为排放两大类,并细分为5种类型,针对不同碳排放源提出相应的数学模型;同时煤矿区要加大节能和低碳技术的投入,提高综合资源的利用程度和瓦斯的监测力度,加强绿色矿山修复和建设,积极参与碳市场和碳排放权交易及培育适应市场的管理模式等一系列措施,逐步实现低碳、绿色产业体系;此外,煤矿相关单位应高瞻远瞩,深入分析并发挥政府的低碳环保政策的作用,与相关高校加强合作,在我国碳减排目标下,大力推动煤制氢技术的发展,突破CO2-ECBM和CCUS关键技术中的运输、封存选址、安全稳定性评价、成本降低等瓶颈问题,以期在双碳背景下碳减排过程中实现经济、环保双重效益。 相似文献
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A. V. Pynzar’ 《Astronomy Reports》2016,60(3):332-343
The dependence of the emission measure on the dispersion measure due to the Galactic background has been derived for 120 directions in the Galaxy. This analysis has yielded the mean electron density, effective thickness of the electron layer, and the volume filling factor of the clouds of ionized gas along the line of sight. The pulsar J1745?2900, which lies in a direction close to the direction toward the center of the Galaxy, is located at least 100 pc closer to the observer than the source Sgr A* along the line of sight. The scatter-broadened angular size of J1745?2900 is determined by the turbulent medium in the Sagittarius Arm. 相似文献
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Spectral analysis of the registered data of natural VLF noise at the frequencies of 0.7, 1.2, and 5.3 kHz for 1997–2006 as well as of direction-finding data of atmospherics in the frequency range of 3–60 kHz for 2002–2006 has been carried out. The analysis has shown that in VLF noise envelope spectra and direction-finding data there are diurnal maxima that coincide with the periods of the Earth’s rotation relative to the Sun (1440 min) and relative to the stars (1436 min). The highest amplitude in spectral components coincides with the period of the Earth’s rotation relative to the Sun, and it is observed for the radiation registered form the southwesterly direction. It has been shown that not only the X-ray emission the Sun but also the X-ray emission of the galaxy affect the level of ionosphere D layer ionization. 相似文献
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V. V. Fidelis 《Astronomy Reports》2006,50(10):809-813
Observations of the blazar 1ES 1959+650, which has been identified as a point source of tera-electron-volt gamma-ray emission, were carried out on the GT-48 Cherenkov telescope of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory from the middle of July to the middle of August 2004. Our analysis of data with an effective exposure time on-source of six hours under good weather conditions shows a clear excess of detected photons (with energies E ≥ 1 TeV) in the direction of this source, with a statistical significance of 5.2σ. Using observations of the Crab Nebula in 2002–2004 and the parameters of Cherenkov flashes similar to those observed for 1ES 1959+650 yields an estimated flux for this object of 2.0 ± 0.7 Crab (≥1 TeV). Comparison with the 2–12 keV emission of this source indicates a correlation between the mean fluxes in the two energy ranges in various observing periods. 相似文献
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An expansive clayey rock belonging to the Asturias Carboniferous of NW Spain has been petrophysically characterized before, during and after swelling tests. The evolution of the microfissuring and the induced deterioration have been studied by acoustic emission during tests and by ultrasonic techniques before and after swelling/contraction cycles. A good correlation has been found between the AE curves and swelling strain. Damage due to the generation and growth of microfissures is most important during the first moments of each swelling/contraction cycle. Microfissures mainly develop in the direction of the foliation planes, as can be shown by linear crack density and measurements of the propagation velocity of longitudinal waves. 相似文献
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E. E. Lekht O. Ramirez Hernandes A. M. Tolmachev I. I. Berulis 《Astronomy Reports》2004,48(3):171-184
The results of monitoring the water-vapor maser at λ=1.35 cm in Sgr B2 are presented. The observations were carried out on the 22-m radio telescope of the Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory (Russia) in 1982–1992. A strong flare of the maser radiation associated with Sgr B2(N) was detected in this period. The absolute strength of this flare is comparable to the megamaser emission observed in Orion in 1979–1987. The flare is probably due to a strengthening of the flow of material from the rotating accretion disk, in which are embedded the three ultracompact HII regions K1, K2, and K3. A subsequent excitation of emission features at increasingly higher radial velocities was observed, associated with a gradient of VLSR along the direction of the outflow. The large width of the lines (>0.86 km/s) could reflect a complex structure for the maser spots, such as a chain or filamentary structure, as has been observed in Orion and S140. 相似文献
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甲烷是最主要的非二氧化碳温室气体,受到越来越多的重视。煤炭甲烷是我国最主要的甲烷排放源类型,我国也是世界煤炭甲烷排放量最大的国家,煤炭甲烷的有效排放管控与高效开发利用兼具温室气体减排、能源气体开发利用和灾害气体防治三重意义。基于系统调研和研究工作积累,概述了煤炭甲烷排放管控背景,总结了全球与代表性国家煤炭甲烷排放及其管控现状,阐释了我国煤炭甲烷开发利用与排放管控历程及发展趋势,讨论和前瞻了我国煤炭甲烷减排路径与减排潜力。已有研究工作表明:我国煤炭甲烷排放主要来自煤炭地下开采风排瓦斯,且较长时期内仍是我国煤炭甲烷的主要来源;随着我国关闭矿井增多,由此产生的关闭矿井甲烷排放量呈增长趋势,是我国煤炭甲烷不容忽视的来源。随着碳中和目标的提出,温室气体减排的政策导向逐渐成为我国煤炭甲烷排放管控的重点,明确了煤炭甲烷减排方向。我国煤炭甲烷排放管控形成了以煤层气勘探开发利用、煤矿瓦斯抽采利用、关闭/废弃矿井瓦斯抽采利用、乏风瓦斯利用等全浓度利用,煤炭采前、采中和采后全周期利用为特征的关键技术路径。我国煤炭甲烷排放管控面临巨大压力和严峻挑战,诸多政策、机制、技术问题亟待破解。突破复杂地质条件适配性煤层... 相似文献
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M. M. Molodenskii L. I. Starkova V. A. Kutvitskiĭ V. L. Merzlyakov 《Astronomy Reports》2009,53(3):275-280
The effect of the auroral ring on the polarization of the solar corona during the solar eclipse of March 29, 2006 is studied. The angle and degree of polarization for emission arising from the combination of two partially polarized components is calculated. The emission of each component is described in terms of the Stokes parameters, and the corresponding parameters added. The position angle and degree of polarization are found for all cases realized in observations of the polarized corona with polarizing filter positions of 0°, 60°, 120° and 0°, 45°, and 90°. These calculations indicate that singular polarization points (saddles with index ?1/2) arise at a distance of about 1R⊙ from the limb. A model for the total emission of the corona is constructed, which is used to calculate deviations of the polarization plane from the tangential direction (with respect to the limb). 相似文献
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植物挥发性有机物的气候与环境效应研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植物挥发性有机物(Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds,BVOCs)是大气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的主要组分,具有重要的气候与环境效应。在梳理和总结既有研究成果的基础上,立足于BVOCs的大气化学过程,阐述了BVOCs不同组分的化学反应过程及其在大气臭氧(O3)和二次有机气溶胶(SOA)污染形成中的作用,指出了BVOCs在O_3和SOA污染形成中的重要性,以及BVOCs影响地球气候的2种主要途径:1通过形成SOA以气溶胶的形式影响地球大气辐射平衡;2参与地球碳循环,影响CH_4和CO等温室气体的寿命。进而,分别总结了BVOCs通过上述2个途径对地球气候影响的研究成果;阐述了BVOCs观测技术的现状与排放量估算模型的发展历程,分析了模型的优缺点与模型间的传承关系及其与气候系统模式耦合的现状。同时展望了BVOCs气候与环境效应亟需深入研究的问题,包括BVOCs氧化机制、产物的理化性质、耦合BVOCs排放及大气化学过程的地球系统模式研制等。 相似文献
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为研究不同孔洞-裂隙（简称"孔-隙"）赋存条件下的裂纹扩展规律,利用RFPA软件,对不同裂纹倾角及不同非均质系数下的岩体破坏进行数值模拟分析,获得其裂纹扩展过程、声发射规律、应力-应变曲线,同时与原试验结果进行对比验证。结果表明:完整试样裂纹沿着剪切方向产生,含孔-隙试样裂纹沿裂隙尖端及孔口侧边产生;翼裂纹贯穿试件的同时,在预制裂纹尖端或孔口侧边产生水平方向的次生裂纹,并产生分叉,非均质系数影响次生裂纹走向;压载前期试样以拉破坏为主,压载后期以拉-剪组合破坏为主,次生裂纹的产生与剪切破坏有关;声发射累计能量与声发射累计数前期缓慢增大,后期迅速增大,预制裂纹倾角越小,非均质系数越大,声发射累计能量越大;不同裂纹倾角及不同非均质系数试件的应力-应变曲线均经历3个阶段:弹性变形阶段、非线性变形阶段及残余变形阶段,孔-隙的存在降低了试样的峰值强度,影响试件的脆性度。研究结果为进一步认识孔-隙相互作用规律提供了参考。 相似文献
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A. V. Pynzar’ 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(2):123-129
Based on data on the dispersion measure and the interstellar-scattering parameters of the pulsar B1642–03, which is observed in the direction of the emission nebula S27 around the early-type star ζ Oph, it is concluded that this nebula makes a relatively small contribution to its dispersion measure (～9?23%) and scattering angle (～9?16%). It is shown that the distance to B1642–03 is 2.2–2.6 kpc. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区低渗储层长61构造裂缝主要形成期应力环境判识 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
开展储层裂缝预测研究,首先必须认识构造裂缝形成的期次及其古应力状态。通过上三叠统延长组长61储层岩石声发射实验得出的古构造历史有效最大主应力记忆出现率,厘定鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区长61储层构造裂缝形成时最大主应力介于79.12~89.99 MPa之间。通过岩石古应力分期、裂缝充填物包裹体测温和期次测定,结合区域构造应力场演化分析,确定延长组储层构造裂缝主要形成期为燕山期。通过露头区地层和覆盖区定向岩心共轭裂缝或节理应变测量,恢复了沿河湾地区燕山期构造运动三轴应力状态,即最大主应力(δ1)方向为NW-SE向,优势方位129°∠10°,最小主应力(δ3)优势方位36°∠7°,中间主应力(δ2)近于垂直。裂缝主要形成期及其古应力状态研究成果为沿河湾探区长61低渗储层构造裂缝分布和发育规律定量预测研究提供了地质依据。 相似文献
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We analyze the suitability of digital equipment with CCD arrays for polarization measurements of solar coronal emission during eclipses. The effect of errors in the method on the derived plane of polarization is estimated. In principle, precise measurements of the plane of polarization can be used to determine the amplitude and direction of the current of a heliospheric plasma sheet. The errors in ordinary nondigital photometric measurements (5%) are too large to enable the resolution of a number of problems having to do with the three-dimensional structure of the solar corona. 相似文献
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An analysis of the H2O maser emission toward the source NGC 7538N, which is associated with an active star-forming region, is reported. The analysis is based on 24 years of monitoring in the 1.35-cm line using the the 22-m radio telescope of the Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory in 1981–2005 with a spectral resolution of 0.101 km/s. Individual spectral components have been isolated, and temporal drifts in their radial velocities found. From time to time, the drifts were accompanied by velocity jumps. This can be explained if there are chains consisting of clumps of material that are elongated in the radial direction toward the star and have a radial-velocity gradient. In 1982–2005, two maser activity cycles were observed, during which the chains were activated. We propose that shocks consecutively cross the chain elements and excite maser emission in them. The longest chain, at a radial velocity of ?58 km/s, has not fewer than 15 links. For a shock velocity of 15 km/s, the chain step is estimated to be ≤1.5 AU. The chains could be located in a circumstellar disk with a width of ≤1015 cm. A structure in the form of a rotating nonuniform vortex with the rotation period of about 1.6 years has also been detected. The translational motion of the vortex may be a consequence of its orbital motion within the protoplanetary disk. 相似文献