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城区边界和城区面积是城镇化的重要表征和扩展分析的基础。然而城区边界存在概念和提取标准不统一、精度较低、可比性较差等问题。为此,提出了基于高分辨率影像和地理信息资料辅助的城区半自动化提取方法,充分利用高分辨率影像上的城市景观特征、先验地理信息知识和一系列标准规则,以得到精度高、一致性强的数据。以中国337个地级以上城市为研究区,采用该方法得到了2000年、2005年、2010年、2016年4期城区边界成果,并开展了城区时空扩展及用地效率等相关分析。结果表明:①16年间城区扩展迅速,城区主要集中分布在东部和中部,东西部地区差异大;②城市用地效率与城镇化发展水平显著相关,城区扩展以外延型为主;③大多城市城区扩展超前于人口增长,少量城市城区扩展滞后于人口增长;④城区扩展以占用耕地为主。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):223-238
Abstract The paper explores a framework combining remote sensing and GIS-cellular automata (CA) concepts aimed at improving the modeling of unauthorized land use sprawl. Remote sensing data have been used in urban modeling and analysis, the use of high-resolution remote sensing data in assessing unauthorized development is quite unexplored. This work has demonstrated systematic combination utilization of geospatial analyses tools to acquire a new level of information to enable urban modeling and sprawl analysis in assisting urban sustainable management. In this study, Kuantan city, Malaysia was selected in simulation of the unauthorized land use with CA concept for a period of 15 years (2000–2015), with main input time-series land use observation from 1995 to 2005. The 2000 and 2005 land use input was also used as calibrated and test assessment of the simulation. The results show excellent agreement between in-situ changes of the unauthorized land use classes and the corresponding simulated classes within the same periods. In conclusion, CA model can lead to new levels of understanding of how urban areas grow and change as in view of digital earth aspiration. 相似文献
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Urban sprawl has led to environmental problems and large losses of arable land in China. In this study, we monitor and model urban sprawl by means of a combination of remote sensing, geographical information system and spatial statistics. We use time-series data to explore the potential socio-economic driving forces behind urban sprawl, and spatial models in different scenarios to explore the spatio-temporal interactions. The methodology is applied to the city of Wuhan, China, for the period from 1990 to 2013. The results reveal that the built-up land has expanded and has dispersed in urban clusters. Population growth, and economic and transportation development are still the main causes of urban sprawl; however, when they have developed to certain levels, the area affected by construction in urban areas (Jian Cheng Qu (JCQ)) and the area of cultivated land (ACL) tend to be stable. Spatial regression models are shown to be superior to the traditional models. The interaction among districts with the same administrative status is stronger than if one of those neighbors is in the city center and the other in the suburban area. The expansion of urban built-up land is driven by the socio-economic development at the same period, and greatly influenced by its spatio-temporal neighbors. We conclude that the integration of remote sensing, a geographical information system, and spatial statistics offers an excellent opportunity to explore the spatio-temporal variation and interactions among the districts in the sprawling metropolitan areas. Relevant regulations to control the urban sprawl process are suggested accordingly. 相似文献
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In this study, we explored the spatial and temporal patterns of land cover and land use (LCLU) and population change dynamics in the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area. The goal of this paper was to quantify the drivers of LCLU using long-term Landsat data from 1972 to 2010. First, we produced LCLU maps by using Landsat images from 1972, 1982, 1990, 2000, and 2010. Next, tract level population data of 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 were converted to 1-km square grid cells. Then, the LCLU maps were integrated with basic grid cell data to represent the proportion of each land cover category within a grid cell area. Finally, the proportional land cover maps and population census data were combined to investigate the relationship between land cover and population change based on grid cells using Pearson's correlation coefficient, ordinary least square (OLS), and local level geographically weighted regression (GWR). Land cover changes in terms of the percentage of area affected and rates of change were compared with population census data with a focus on the analysis of the spatial-temporal dynamics of urban growth patterns. The correlation coefficients of land cover categories and population changes were calculated for two decadal intervals between 1970 and 2010. Our results showed a causal relationship between LCLU changes and population dynamics over the last 40 years. Urban sprawl was positively correlated with population change. However, the relationship was not linear over space and time. Spatial heterogeneity and variations in the relationship demonstrate that urban sprawl was positively correlated with population changes in suburban area and negatively correlated in urban core and inner suburban area of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area. These results suggest that the imagery reflects processes of urban growth, inner-city decline, population migration, and social spatial inequality. The implications provide guidance for sustainable urban planning and development. We also demonstrate that grid cells allow robust synthesis of remote sensing and socioeconomic data to advance our knowledge of urban growth dynamics from both spatial and temporal scales and its association with population change. 相似文献
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Chris Davis Tim Schaub 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):268-283
Sprawling urban development has emerged as a primary concern of policy makers, land preservationists and both urban and rural communities in developing regions across the globe. For the first time in history, more global residents lived in urban areas than not and the trend to urbanization is in full force at the start of the 21st century. An understanding of the nature and character of urban sprawl is complicated by a failure to satisfactorily define it and by the limitations of measurement techniques designed to characterize complex landscape forms. Like other landscape patterns, the quantification of urban sprawl is highly spatially and temporally scale-dependent. This paper summarizes a recent project to measure urban sprawl in the transboundary region of the Pacific Coast of North America. The metropolitan centers of Portland, OR, Seattle, WA and Vancouver, BC, span two nations, three state/provincial governments and dozens of cities. As a region, this was a global leader in population growth in the 1990s. The study relied on three separate methods – an impervious surface metric, a neighborhood density metric and a building permit metric – for quantifying urban growth. The results provide insight on the strengths and shortcomings of different methods with respect to the challenges posed by data availability and format. Taken together they demonstrate the richer understanding that combined methods may offer in characterizing phenomena as difficult to communicate and agree upon as urban sprawl. 相似文献
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Sermin Tagil Sevgi Gormus Serhat Cengiz 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(8):1285-1296
Perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage and attrition in ecosystems take place due to urbanization. In this study, where and when temporal and spatial heterogeneity occurs is tried to be explained by taking human intervention in landscape pattern and processes in and around the city of Denizli into account and how this heterogeneity affects habitat conditions within the scope of landscape ecology. Landscape pattern metrics were estimated in order to reveal the change in habitats and present the properties of the landscape. 30 pattern indicators on class and pattern levels, which are important to show human–environment interaction, were analyzed in order to indicate the features of the landscape such as area, side, shape and dispersion. To this end, LANDSAT TM/7–ETM/8-OLI satellite images of 1987 and 2013 were classified for laying the foundations of the analysis. Analyses showed that between 1987 and 2013, complicated shape features, increase in edge habitats, de-growth in core areas and eventually fragmentation in landscape have been dominant. Heterogenic structure in landscape has increased. This points not to the self-functioning of the landscape, but to the domination of human intervention over the landscape. Particularly, due to urban growth and sprawl, fragmentation, isolation and habitat loss in croplands have increased. This study sets forth the usefulness of remote sensing, GIS and landscape metrics in understanding how urban dynamics and ecosystems change in developing urban politics. 相似文献
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Mohamed Al-shalabi Biswajeet Pradhan Lawal Billa Shattri Mansor Omar F. Althuwaynee 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(2):405-416
Sana’a the metropolitan capital of Yemen, has experienced rapid spatial growth and uncontrolled development for decades. In the absence of a means to forecast and predict urban growth trends, planning and urban policy decisions have been found wanting. In this study the SLEUTH (Slope, landuse, exclusion, urban extent, transportation and hillshade) model which has been widely and successfully applied in developed countries, has been applied to predict the spatial urban sprawl pattern from 2004–2020 in Sana’a. This was to provide the necessary forecast for better planning and decision making. The model performed well as per the calibration coefficient values. The results showed that there will a 29 % increase in spatial urban sprawl growth during the modeling period. Growth of the sprawl will be mainly at the edges of the urban boundary, there will also be a wide area of scattered urban clusters. Factors that will have major influence on spatial expansion of the city will be diffusion, natural and internal growth, slope (that will hinder spread) and transportation (along which most of the urban sprawl will occur). The study also provides an insight into how the SLEUTH model performs in a poorly planned urban environment as compared to the planned and controlled environment where it has been applied. 相似文献
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A method for monitoring building construction in urban sprawl areas using object-based analysis of Spot 5 images and existing GIS data 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Laurent Durieux Erwann Lagabrielle Andrew Nelson 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2008,63(4):399-408
Urban sprawl has been identified as one of the most negative effects of global population growth on the environment and biodiversity. Frequent monitoring of urban sprawl is needed to limit the impact of this ongoing phenomenon. This paper proposes precise monitoring of building construction using an object-based classification methodology applied to Spot 5 images with a 2.5 m resolution. An application at a regional scale on Reunion Island in the Indian Ocean shows that this building extraction methodology has limitations in the production of reference urban maps because of difficulties in defining the shape and the number of buildings compared to classical photo-interpretation of aerial photography. However, these results are of great value for planning in urban sprawl areas where up-to-date information is lacking because of the rapid pace of house construction and residential development. 相似文献
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探究城市生态环境与人类活动的关系,是目前城市化进程中的重要研究内容。结合多源数据,提出了采用兴趣点（point of interest,POI）、开放街道地图（OpenStreetMap,OSM）道路网、住宅区数据构建人类活动指标（住宅区可步行测度指数、街道活力指数、城市功能混合度指数）和利用遥感影像构建城市生态环境指标（遥感生态指数）的方法。并结合多项式回归（polynomial regression,PLR）、随机森林回归（random forest regression,RFR）、极限梯度提升回归（extreme gradient boosting regression,XGB）、支持向量回归机（support vector regression machine,SVR）等机器学习模型,对城市生态环境与人类活动指标进行回归分析。以中国江西省南昌市为例开展实例研究,结果显示:（1）人类活动的3项指标均呈现中心高,向四周逐渐递减的趋势,而城市生态环境指标则表现出相反的态势。（2）在探究城市生态环境与人类活动关系的研究中,XGB的效果最好。（3）街道活力指数、城市功能混合度指数与城市生态环境的相关性更强,住宅区可步行测度指数与城市生态环境的相关性更差。（4）在人类活动影响较小的区域,城市生态环境会受到其他因素的干扰导致预测结果精度不高,而在人类活动强烈的区域预测精度较高。 相似文献
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沈安生 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(10)
随着航空航天技术的发展,人们获取的遥感影像数据的空间分辨率不断提高,同时获取难度大幅降低。在遥感数据日益普及的今天,利用影像处理与分析技术对高空间分辨率遥感影像中的感兴趣目标进行自动提取已经成为目前遥感领域研究的热点之一。建筑物作为与人类生活密切相关的主要人工地物,是城市发展的重要标志。目前,通过对高分辨率遥感影像进行建筑物自动提取已经成为建筑物信息获取的重要手段,而建筑物信息可用于进一步研究城市的扩张与发展、城市土地利用现状与变化、城市规划、城市热岛效应、人口估计与预测、灾害监测预警与评估等。 相似文献
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Ya Ma Yaoqiu Kuang Ningsheng Huang 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Studies of urbanization and urban thermal environment are now attracting wide interests among scientists all over the world. This study investigated the influences of urbanization on urban thermal environment as well as the relationships of thermal characteristics to other biophysical variables in Guangzhou, China utilizing three dates of Landsat TM/ETM+ images acquired in 1990, 2000, and 2005, respectively. Vegetation abundances and percent impervious surfaces were derived by means of linear spectral mixture model, and a method for effectively enhancing impervious surface has been developed to accurately examine the urban enlargement. As a key parameter for studying urban thermal characteristics, the land surface temperature (LST) was also retrieved from thermal infrared band of each TM/ETM+ dataset. Based on these parameters, the urban expansion, urban heat island effect and the relationships of LSTs to other biophysical parameters were then analyzed. Results indicated that the area ratio of impervious surface in Guangzhou increased significantly, which grew from 20.56% in 1990, to 34.72% in 2000, and further to 41.12% in 2005, however, the intensity of urban heat island was not always enlarged in observed years. In addition, Geostatistical analyses showed that the mean-centre of the impervious surface was moving towards the northwest during 1990–2005. And correlation analyses revealed that, at the pixel-scale, the association of LSTs to other two variables (vegetation abundance and percent impervious surface) was not straightforward, while LSTs possessed a strong positive correlation with percent impervious surfaces and negative correlation with vegetation abundances at the regional-scale, respectively. This study provided an integrated research scheme and the findings can be very useful for urban ecosystem modeling. 相似文献
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China has experienced rapid and massive urban expansion in recent decades. To address the opportunities and challenges posed by urbanization, it is important to investigate this process. Although many studies have characterized China’s urbanization, mainly based on individual cities or urban agglomerations, few studies have compared the urban expansion patterns among cities of different regions and sizes at a national scale. Additionally, the source of the newly developed urban land has largely been ignored in previous research. To fill these gaps, we provide a comprehensive view of the growth patterns of 291 Chinese cities during 1990–2015, quantifying the rates, spatial forms, and corresponding landscape characteristics of the urban expansion. More importantly, we further investigate what their new urban land is converted from. Key findings include: (1) the annual expansion (AE) and annual growth rate (AGR) of all 291 cities were 1869.81?km2 and 4.81% during 1990–2015; (2) cropland and rural settlements were the predominant source, accounting for 65.22% and 17.49% of the new urban land during 1990–2015; (3) edge-expansion was the dominant growth form for most cities, followed by infilling and leapfrogging growth; and (4) the landscape characteristics of the occupied cropland differed across various cities. 相似文献
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S K Pathan P Jothimani Gopal K Choudhary N N Som Kalyan Mukherjee 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1992,20(2-3):73-84
Urban land-use zoning analysis has been carried out to evaluate the suitability of land for urbanisation i.e. a process of assessing the fitness of different land characteristics (soils, physiography, slope, land use etc.) for urban development in Calcutta Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) area (1350 sq. km). Remote sensing data in conjunction with Survey of India maps and ancillary data have been employed for the analysis. A GIS-based methodology has been developed for the integration of different physical parameters and generation of urban land development units. In all 82 Urban Land Development Units (ULDUs) were delineated and evaluated with respect to physical constraints and the degree to which each class could limit the development for urban purpose. These ULDUs are categorised into five suitability classes for urban use. The relationships between ULDU classes, suitabilities and urban land development considerations in a generalised form have also been assessed. It has been observed that the physical constraints have become progressively greater from class-I to class-V meaning thereby that the cost for the developing the area for urban purpose increases from class-I and becomes uneconomic for class-V. The suitability map prepared using this methodology would also serve as a sub-set for the preparation of a Master plan of the city. 相似文献
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基于1990—2018年六期城市建设用地监测数据,本文利用城市用地年面积增长率指数、公共边测度、核密度估计、位序-规模法则等方法,刻画成渝城市群扩张演化特征及其发展规律,并对城市群规模体系进行分析。结果表明：成渝城市群城市建设用地扩张呈先快后慢的趋势,空间上呈“中部高速,南北低速”的特点,建设用地扩张密度高值主要集中在成都、重庆二市且城市群内部连片发展不明显。城市群新增城市用地呈现无序蔓延态势,并未趋于紧凑。2000—2010年,成渝城市群规模分布极化,呈现明显的双核首位特征,2010年后规模分布由非均衡趋于均衡。 相似文献
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Arvind Chandra Pandey Amit Kumar A. T. Jeyaseelan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(1):141-155
In the present study, the Cartosat-I digital elevation model (DEM) was utilized to deduce the vertical characteristics of Ranchi urban area and its relation to long term built-up expansion (1927–2010). The DEM represents moderate variation in terrain relief ranging from 595 m to 754 m with majority of area exhibiting upto 3° of slope and 3° to 6° indicating flat to undulating nature of terrain in Ranchi township. The DEM was used to generate location of sinks within urban area, which are generally delineated along the drainage channels, adjacent to high-rise built-up land and along the elevated road network. The pattern of urban sprawl over the eight decades (1927–2010) were examined with reference to terrain relief zones, which indicated that the built-up growth was mainly taken place over the elevation range of moderate (620–660 m) (67.0%) and high relief (660–680 m) (19.8%) zones. Although earlier preference for built-up development was more in high elevation zones (660–680 m), the low elevation zones (<600–620 m) are now preferred for multistoried built-up land development where better groundwater availability occur. The spatial pattern of vertical growth of built-up land was assessed using contour density obtained from Cartosat-I DEM. The results show that the high density contours predominately correspond to hilly area and high-rise buildings at majority of locations. The urban sprawl pattern and population trend exhibited rapid increase in vertical built-up growth after 1996 indicating beginning of urban densification in Ranchi township. 相似文献
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根据1957与1982年两个时期的地形冈并结合1995与2008年的遥感卫星影像提取城镇建设用地专题信息。利用ArcGIS建立广佛都市区城镇建设用地数据库．采用分形维度的计锋方法,对广佛都市区城市蔓延的情况进行测度和分析。结果表明广佛都市区三个发展阶段城镇建设用地面积增长速度并不均匀,具有加速发展的特点。四个测度年份的分形维数分别为1．6454,1．6285,1．5586和1．5270,均在1-2之间．分形维数呈递降趋势,总体下降了0．1184,城市发展模式由紧凑型逐渐向松散型演变,存在城市蔓延情况,而且城市发展模式以年均0．14％的速度从紧凑型向松散型演变。广佛都市区城市蔓延的地域分异较为明硅,具有较强的空间集聚性和中心向心件,广州和佛山毗邻地区以及中心城区是城市蔓延的活跃区和集中区,1982—1995年问研究区内蔓延速度比1995．2008年间要快。通过深入分析发现,经济快速发展、城市人口的持续增长、交通道路网络的建设是广佛都市区快速扩张和城市蔓延的基本动力因素之一,开发区土地扩张,进一步加剧了无序扩张和城市蔓延。 相似文献
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S F Barodawala P K Patel C D Patel 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1992,20(2-3):85-93
The fluidity of land-use patterns over the last century in and around the Baroda Urban Complex has been worked out using Survey of India topographic maps (1876–78, 1959–60) and SPOT satellite imagery (1988). The most striking feature of this study was the alarming loss of non-built up areas comprising agricultural land to urban sprawl. In 1876–78, non-built up land constituted 701.30 sq. km out of a total of 714 sq. km whereas in 1988, it was reduced to 625.27 sq. km. This urban growth pattern would not be conducive for sustainable development. 相似文献
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This paper aims at developing a methodology for assessing urban dynamics in urban catchments and the related impact on hydrology. Using a multi-temporal remote sensing supported hydrological modelling approach an improved simulation of runoff for urban areas is targeted. A time-series of five medium resolution urban masks and corresponding sub-pixel sealed surface proportions maps was generated from Landsat and SPOT imagery. The consistency of the urban mask and sealed surface proportion time-series was imposed through an urban change trajectory analysis. The physically based rainfall-runoff model WetSpa was successfully adapted for integration of remote sensing derived information of detailed urban land use and sealed surface characteristics.A first scenario compares the original land-use class based approach for hydrological parameterisation with a remote sensing sub-pixel based approach. A second scenario assesses the impact of urban growth on hydrology. Study area is the Tolka River basin in Dublin, Ireland.The grid-based approach of WetSpa enables an optimal use of the spatially distributed properties of remote sensing derived input.Though change trajectory analysis remains little used in urban studies it is shown to be of utmost importance in case of time series analysis. The analysis enabled to assign a rational trajectory to 99% of all pixels. The study showed that consistent remote sensing derived land-use maps are preferred over alternative sources (such as CORINE) to avoid over-estimation errors, interpretation inconsistencies and assure enough spatial detail for urban studies. Scenario 1 reveals that both the class and remote sensing sub-pixel based approaches are able to simulate discharges at the catchment outlet in an equally satisfactory way, but the sub-pixel approach yields considerably higher peak discharges. The result confirms the importance of detailed information on the sealed surface proportion for hydrological simulations in urbanised catchments. In addition a major advantage with respect to hydrological parameterisation using remote sensing is the fact that it is site- and period-specific. Regarding the assessment of the impact of urbanisation (scenario 2) the hydrological simulations revealed that the steady urban growth in the Tolka basin between 1988 and 2006 had a considerable impact on peak discharges. Additionally, the hydrological response is quicker as a result of urbanisation. Spatially distributed surface runoff maps identify the zones with high runoff production.It is evident that this type of information is important for urban water management and decision makers. The results of the remote sensing supported modelling approach do not only indicate increased volumes due to urbanisation, but also identifies the locations where the most relevant impacts took place. 相似文献