共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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GIS与模糊综合评判方法在垃圾填埋场选址中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着环境保护的呼吁声越来越高,人们对环境污染物之一的垃圾的处理越来越关注,选址工作在垃圾填埋场的整个建设过程中的地位非常重要.本次选用ETM++遥感影像提取基础地理信息,结合垃圾填埋场建址的标准,利用GIS空间分析功能分析出适合场址的几个候选区.利用层次分析法选取相关评价指标,建立模糊综合评判模型对几个候选区进行评价;... 相似文献
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垃圾填埋场存在堆体滑坡、渗滤液外溢和气味大等问题,严重影响了居民的生活环境及生命安全.其在治理过程中需要采集表面积、垃圾方量等空间数据,全站仪、GPS等传统测量方法费时、费力,再加上垃圾填埋场环境较差,使得数据采集更加困难.因此本文提出一种基于无人机倾斜摄影测量的垃圾填埋场空间数据获取与建模方法.该方法首先通过无人机倾斜摄影获得垃圾填埋场的影像、无人机的位置和姿态数据;然后,利用Cont-extCapture软件对数据进行空三加密等预处理;最后,生成三维模型、DOM和DSM数据.在东莞市清溪镇垃圾填埋场治理中的实际应用,证明本文提出的方法有效,经济效益明显,具有很好的应用前景与价值. 相似文献
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选址问题是GIS最基本的任务之一。选址通常是考虑一定条件下的空间位置优化,很难将人类的活动情况作为优化因素考虑进来。本文结合东莞市小山小湖社区公园的选址工作,通过分析海量出租车的OD（上下车）记录数据,在选址任务中引入居民实际居住与出行情况作为参考。通过提高人口分布密度这一重要选址影响因素的精度,进而改进小山小湖社区公园的选址情况,这种方法是对传统分析方法的有效补充和创新。基于出租车轨迹数据的选址方法与传统的选址方法相结合,更有效、合理地提高了选址的可靠度。 相似文献
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运用GIS进行空间选址分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
现代物流等应用空间选址的行业在国民经济生活中的重要性日渐凸现,GIS以其强大的数据管理功能、查询分析功能和数据显示功能,在空间选址的应用中具有无法比拟的优势。文章分析了利用GIS进行空间选址的优点,阐述了GIS对空间选址的支持作用,并且对空间选址的方法进行了具体分析。 相似文献
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利用梯阶中值选址模型进行区域机场群布局适应性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了中值选址模型和梯阶选址问题,提出了利用梯阶中值选址模型的区域机场群选址布局模型,并对广东省机场群布局的适应性进行了实证研究。在模型实验中,应用地理信息技术对模型进行了计算,结果说明了该模型及模型计算方法对区域机场群选址规划的应用价值。 相似文献
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针对当前老龄化社会所带来的养老设施供给不足与供给不均衡问题，以滨城区为研究区，以精细化人口数据、养老设施数据为基础，分析格网单元的老龄化程度和养老服务压力，以POI数据与随机森林算法分别对主城区和乡镇区域构建选址模型，并进行空间选址预测；顾及老龄化程度和养老服务压力对选址结果进行等级划分。结果表明，主城区选址模型的正确率为89.83%,乡镇的选址模型正确率为90.72%;主导主城区和乡镇选址的指标不同，老年人口是影响主城区选址的主要因素，基础设施是影响乡镇选址的主要因素。在初步预测结果的基础上，将选址结果划分为一级需求适宜区、二级需求适宜区，为养老服务设施选址决策提供科学依据。 相似文献
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在分析传统的配送中心选址模型优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于GIS的物流配送中心选址模型。该模型采用多因素参与决策的方法,结合GIS技术与空间分析方法确定最佳选址地点,最后以张家界市永定区某街道配送仓库的选址为例对模型进行了实现。 相似文献
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Selection of a Landfill Site for Solid Waste Management: An Application of AHP and Spatial Analyst Tool 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Selection of a suitable landfill site for Solid Waste Management (SWM) forms an important component of urban planning. The problem of SWM has assumed significant proportion for the municipal authorities in the wake of rapid industrialization, urbanization and resultant pressure on existing resources. Many criteria such as distance from residential locations, transport connectivity, presence of water-bodies (drains, ponds, rivers etc.) and forests, ground water table and geology are taken into consideration while planning for suitable sites. Spatial Analyst Tool along with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model is extremely useful in such multicriteria decision making process. The present study, based on these tools/techniques, endeavours to identify a suitable location for landfill site in a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The study identifies six potential sites out of which one has been proposed and recommended as the best suitable site. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):147-164
A municipal solid waste (MSW) management system needs solid waste management (SWM) techniques where the presence of a sanitary landfill is vital. One of the most important issues of sanitary landfilling is to locate the facility to an optimal location. Despite the versatility and case-dependent nature of conventional expert-based site selection procedures, the number of sites to be chosen increases with increased population forcing a number of constraints. Consequently, constraints and environmental regulations mechanically mask unsuitable areas, leaving very little areas to be assessed. This turns the situation into a challenging issue for a geographical information system (GIS) used with multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), to select optimal site. The study aims to apply MCDA integrated with GIS to select possible sites of a MSW landfill with the same expert and same cognitive parameters while compared with the already present one. Results of this study revealed that conventional expert-based methods could not always evaluate all constraints at the same time and map reproduction is limited when parameter maps are changing rapidly in time. In order to produce cognitive and reproducible analyses, GIS with MCDA integration offers a good solution for site selection issue and forms a good alternative for conventional methods. 相似文献
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快速监测垃圾填埋场固体物质的体积空间变化及准确评估有效库容,可为城市管理者科学决策和合理安排社会资源提供重要依据。无人机摄影测量技术具有机动灵活、数据获取快捷且精度高等优点,在众多领域都有较为广泛的应用。本文以成都市长安垃圾填埋场为例,利用低空无人机摄影测量技术获取填埋库区连续一年的影像数据,并对多期模型数据进行差分处理,分析填埋库区各区域的体积变化量及形变特征;建立库容储量预测模型,研究库容量的变化值与入场物质量的关系,对填埋库区的实际可容纳入场固体物质量进行预测。 相似文献
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This study aims to prepare a detailed GIS-based geomorphological map accompanied with landfill sites of Dhaka city area which can be used for multipurpose functionality. Attainment of the geomorphological map is based upon interpretation of the oldest available aerial photographs (1:40,000) and contemporary topographic maps (1:8000) which reflect almost pre-urban ground of Dhaka. Randomly distributed 160 boreholes have been used to prepare representative soil profiles (RSP) to identify the near-surface lithology of the geomorphological units. The study reveals that 13 out of 18 low-lying geomorphic units, comprising 65% of the total area demand landfill practices for urban development. Landfill sites have been merged with urban growth on each low-lying geomorphic unit using a spatially enhanced fused image of IRS-1D PAN and ETM+ bands 5, 4 and 3, acquired February 2000 and 2002, respectively. We found that 43% area of the total low-lying geomorphic units experience fill practices so far. The fill sites have been differentiated into four classes based on their relative thickness. Integration of fill classes with geomorphological map shows the urban dynamics of Dhaka city area till 2002. Due to GIS integration, this map can be rapidly updated to demonstrate temporal modifications in urban ground. It can be used effectively in different geomorphological hazard mapping and urban land-use practices. 相似文献
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Fabiano A. Ximenes Amrit Kathuria Morton A. Barlaz Annette L. Cowie 《Carbon balance and management》2018,13(1):27
Background
There has been growing interest in the development of waste-specific decay factors for estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills in national greenhouse gas inventories. Although engineered wood products (EWPs) and paper represent a substantial component of the solid waste stream, there is limited information available on their carbon dynamics in landfills. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of carbon loss for EWPs and paper products commonly used in Australia. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions designed to simulate optimal anaerobic biodegradation in a landfill.Results
Methane generation rates over incubations of 307–677 days ranged from zero for medium-density fibreboard (MDF) to 326 mL CH4 g?1 for copy paper. Carbon losses for particleboard and MDF ranged from 0.7 to 1.6%, consistent with previous estimates. Carbon loss for the exterior wall panel product (2.8%) was consistent with the expected value for blackbutt, the main wood type used in its manufacture. Carbon loss for bamboo (11.4%) was significantly higher than for EWPs. Carbon losses for the three types of copy paper tested ranged from 72.4 to 82.5%, and were significantly higher than for cardboard (27.3–43.8%). Cardboard that had been buried in landfill for 20 years had a carbon loss of 27.3%—indicating that environmental conditions in the landfill did not support complete decomposition of the available carbon. Thus carbon losses for paper products as measured in bioreactors clearly overestimate those in actual landfills. Carbon losses, as estimated by gas generation, were on average lower than those derived by mass balance. The low carbon loss for particleboard and MDF is consistent with carbon loss for Australian wood types described in previous studies. A factor for carbon loss for combined EWPs and wood in landfills in Australia of 1.3% and for paper of 48% is proposed.Conclusions
The new suggested combined decay factor for wood and EWPs represents a significant reduction from the current factor used in the Australian greenhouse gas inventory; whereas the suggested decay factor for paper is similar to the current decay factor. Our results improve current understanding of the carbon dynamics of harvested wood products, and allow more refined estimates of methane emissions from landfills.17.
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室内位置地图可以根据用户的"位置"及环境变化,动态地表达位置服务信息,是实现室内位置个性化和精准化服务的重要平台。重点研究情境驱动下室内位置地图的动态表达。在分析室内位置地图特征的基础上,提出影响室内位置地图表达的情境类型;设计地图表达图层及构成要素,提出情境驱动的室内位置地图表达过程与技术方法;给出商场购物活动中不同情境条件下地图动态表达的应用示例。 相似文献